introduction i-2 [compatibility mode]

8/3/2019 Introduction I-2 [Compatibility Mode]

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anagement n ormat onm


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Intro-I Learning's Conceptual framework of MIS

Challenges in IS-Changing Business Environment

Structure of IS-Based on ,Operating functions, Output to Users)

Ii) Based on Decision Support(Structured programmable

ec s ons, em s ruc ure , ns ruc ure un-programma edecisions

Iii) Based on Management Hierarchy (MIS Triangle)


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Information Systems

A definition of information s stem is:

Interrelated components working together to collect,process, store, and disseminate information tosupport decision-making, coordination, control,

analysis, and visualization in an organization.


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MIS Triangle

ESSStrategicLevel

Top Level Mangers

DSSMIS

ManagementLevel

Middle LevelManagers

KWSKnowledgeLevel

Know e ge an DataManagers

TPS

Level

Managers

Manufacturing ccounting

Sales &Marketing

Finance Human Resources


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Data and Information

DATA

Data is the raw material of information. Data can be defined as rou s of nonrandom

symbols which represents quantities, actions,

objects, etc. in the form of text, image, or voice.


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INFORMATION

Information is a data processed in a form meaningfulto the recipient and is of real or perceived value inthe current or prospective actions and decisions.

Information resources are reusable information hasa surpr se or news va ue as t re uces uncerta nty.


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Data Versus Information

Examples of DATA ?

Examples of INFORMATION ?


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Data Versus Inform ation

Monthly Sales Reportfor West Region

Sales Rep: Ajay MehtaEmp No. 79154

Item Qty Sold Price . .


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Attributes of Information Quality

Time Timeliness, Currency, Frequency, Time Period

Content

Accuracy, Relevance, Completeness, Conciseness, Scope,

Form Clarit Detail Order Presentation Media


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Attr utes ua t es o In ormat on


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Attr ibutes of Inform ation Quality


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Data Information - Knowledge

CONTEXT INDEPENDENCE

WISDOM

understanding

KNOWLEDGE

understanding

principles

INFORMATION

understanding

DATA UNDERSTANDING

re a ons

, , http://www.systems-thinking.org/kmgmt/kmgmt.htm


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Information Processing

Conversion mani ulation and anal sis of raw in ut

into a meaningful form. Input is the capture of new data from within or from

external environment.

Output is the distribution of processed informationto t e peop e or act v t es.

Feedback consists of output returned to the

correct the input.


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Physical Systems and IS

Ph sical s stems and information s stems are

intertwined with one another. For every information system, there is also a physical

system side by side.


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Physical Systems and IS

Exam le: Inventor Monitorin S stem

Information System: Flow of data such as materialrequests, purchase requests, material deliveryadvices, and so on.

Physical system: Actual flow of materials from thestores to t e pro uct on s ops or rom t e supp ersto the stores.

need to be optimized.


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Ph sical and Information Flows

Manpower

ater a Equipment

Money

awMaterials

upp yChain

n s eGoods

Physical Flow

Information Flow


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Physical and Information Flow

The h sical s stem comes first.

Information system provides support for the physicalsystem.

Information system almost always provides the vital

feedback that completes the usual negative feedbackoop o contro .


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Feedback and Information Flow

ys ca ow

PROCESS OUTPUT

Information Flow

n Flow

Signal Desired

OutputInfo.Flow


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Feedback and Information Flows

The h sical flow com rises of the in ut- rocess-

output part. This physical process can be controlled with the help

of control signal.

The control signal is the discrepancy between thees re output an t e actua output.

The control signal is utilized for controlling the

.


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Ne ative feedback loo control ives a new idea

about the definition of information. Information can be defined as a control signal or an

error signal that can help make vital decisions about

controlling the inputs of a physical system.


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Information s stems are all about decision makin

present or prospective. If information is never going to be used by a

manager, the manager has no business in receiving

that piece of information in the first place.


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Organization Chart

Top

Head

Head

Head

Worker

Manager 1Worker

Manager 2

Pro uctionProcessInformation


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Learning's


Attributes of Information Data to Information to Knowled e

Information Processing

Ph sical and Information Flow Feedback and Information Flow

introduction i-2 [compatibility mode]

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