intro of protection to ece 1002
TRANSCRIPT
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Mississippi State University
Intro to Electrical & Computer Engineering
P ower S ystem A pplication Laboratory
(PSAL)
September 25, 2003
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratory, Inc.
SEL Project
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Motivation
• Brief Overview of power engineering
• Show that power engineering relates to many areasof ECE
• Show that power engineering has high tech
applications of technology
• Educate & Recruit ECE students in the area of power
Power
=
Utility
Power > Utilit
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12%
more
25%
more
35%
more
44%
more
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
2005 2010 2015 2020
By 2020, U.S. Electricity Needs
Will Increase by 44%
Source: U.S. Department of Energy
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50% of U.S. Electricity Supplied
by Coal
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20% of U.S. Electricity Supplied
by Nuclear Energy
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16% of U.S. Electricity Supplied
by Natural Gas
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7% of U.S. Electricity Supplied
by Hydroelectric
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3% of U.S. Electricity Supplied
by Oil
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2% of U.S. Electricity Supplied
by Renewables
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The Main Interconnections of the
U.S. Electric Power Grid
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Power Flow
Power SubstationHigh VoltageTransmission Lines
TransmissionSubstation
Power Plant
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Undergraduate Power Related Courses:
Fundamentals of Energy Systems
Power Transmission
Power Distribution
High Voltage
Insulation Coordination in Electric Power Systems
Power Systems Relaying and Controls
For more information:
Website: www.ece.msstate.com
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What is Protective Relaying?
Protective Relaying is one of several features of the
power system design that is concerned with minimizingdamage to equipment and interruptions to service when
electrical failures occur.
Primary Function: Cause the prompt removal of any element of a power systemwhen it starts to operate in any abnormal manner
Secondary Function: Provide indication of the location and type of failure
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Types of Protective Relays
• Electromechanical
• Solid State
•Digital (Microprocessor)
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Protective Relay Requirements
• Measure Power System Voltage, Current, and
Breaker Position
• Detect Power System Fault
– Short circuit via overcurrrent, current differential,
impedance, undervoltage, etc.
• Trip Breaker
–
Isolate fault portion of the power system• Communicate with Computer Systems
• Communicate with Humans
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Protective Relay Requirements
• Dependable – Always operates for power system faults in the zone of
protection
• Secure
– Does not operate during normal power systemconditions or for faults outside the zone of protection
•
Fast – Detects and clears faults in milliseconds
• Accurate
– << 5% error over a wide range of fault conditions
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System Data F low Diagram
All the Data flows are bi-directional
•
Use PC to change the setting or get results fromAdaptive Multi-Channel Source (AMS) through
serial communication link
• AMS & Relay interact via serial communication
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Check out…
Broken Relays
Demos