intraguild predation by harmonia axyridis - invasive...
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
Intraguild predation by Harmonia axyridis
Louis HAUTIER
BiologicalBiological ControlControl andand
Plant Plant Genetic ResourcesGenetic Resources
CheminChemin dede LirouxLiroux, 2, 2
BB--5030 Gembloux 5030 Gembloux -- BelgiumBelgium
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
1. Harmonia axyridis Pallas
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
1. Harmonia axyridis Pallas
� Ladybird native of Far East
� Introduction for biological control� North America (1916 - 1982)
� Greece
� Portugal
� Belgium (1997)
� ….
and ESTABLISHMENT in� North America (1988)
� Belgium (2001)
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
1. Harmonia axyridis Pallas
Belgium distribution of H. axyridis in 2001 (GT Coccinula data)
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
1. Harmonia axyridis Pallas
Belgium distribution of H. axyridis in 2004 (GT Coccinula data)
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
1. Harmonia axyridis Pallas
� Why this fast invasion ?
Good colonizer and very competive species:
� Wide trophic niche
� Phenotypic plasticity
� Strong dispersal capacity
� High voracity => Intraguild Predation
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
2. Intraguild Predation (IGP)
« Killing and eating of species that use similar ressources »
GUILD
Predator BPredator A
Prey
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
2. Intraguild Predation (IGP)
� IGP = competition + predation or parasitism
� Double benefits :� Suppresion of a competitor
� Immediate energy gain
� Very frequent in aphidophagous guild:� Aphid colonies are transients food ressources
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� Assessment of IGP between H. axyridisand A. bipunctata
� In Petri Dish, to put together larva L4 (starved during 24h) with eggs, L1, L2, L3, L4
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� In Petri Dish, to put together larva L4 (starved during 24h) with eggs, L1, L2, L3, L4
� 30 minute behavior observation according to ethogramme (Yasuda et al., 2001), 20 repetitions
� Mortality observation after 30 minutes and 24 h
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� Predation rate : H. axyridis – A. bipunctata
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Eggs L1 L2 L3 L4
Pre
datio
n ra
te (
%)
H. axyridis => A. bipunctata A. bipunctata => H. axyridis
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� Mortality rate : H. axyridis – A. bipunctata
EggsL1
L2L3
L4
H. axyridis
A. bipunctata0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Mo
rtal
ity
rate
(%
)
After 30 minutes
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� Mortality rate : H. axyridis – A. bipunctata
After 24 h
EggsL1
L2L3
L4
H. axyridis
A. bipunctata0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Mo
rtal
ity
rate
(%
)
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� L4 H. axyridis vs L1 A. bipunctata
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� L4 H. axyridis vs L1 A. bipunctata
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� L4 H. axyridis vs L4 A. bipunctata
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
3. IGP assesment in laboratory
� IGP by H. axyridis vs A. bipunctata is� symmetric for egg instar
� asymetric for larvae instars
� IGP by H. axyridis was also recorded in laboratory towards (Koch, 2003):� others ladybird species (Adonia variegata,
Coleomegilla maculata, Coccinella septempunctata, Cycloneda sanguinea, Propylea japonica, Propylea quatuordecimpunctata)
� lacewing species (Chrysoperla carnea)
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
4. IGP observations in field condition
� In Belgium potato field : IGP between H. axyridis and C. septempunctata
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
4. IGP observations in field condition
� Coccinellid phenology in potato fields
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
4,5
5
18/6 25/6 2/7 9/7 16/7 23/7 30/7 6/8 13/8
aphi
ds/le
af
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
num
ber
of c
occi
nelid
larv
ae
C. 7-punctata P. 14-punctata A. bipunctataH. axyridis Aphids/leaf
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
5. Impacts of H. axyridis invasion
� Ladybird monitoring in 2003 and 2005 in Brussels (SAN MARTIN and OTTART, ULB)
2003
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70H
arax
y
Ada
bip
Ada
dec
Cal
qua
Cal
dec
Exo
qua
Hal
sed
Oen
con
Pro
qua
Abu
ndan
ce (
%) Tilia
Acer
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70H
arax
y
Ada
bip
Ada
dec
Cal
qua
Cal
dec
Exo
qua
Hal
sed
Oen
con
Pro
qua
Abu
ndan
ce (
%) Tilia
Acer
2005
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques
6. Conclusion
� The Multicolored Asian Lady Beetle, H. axyridis, acts as an intraguild predator of native aphidophaga and has the potential to reduce the abundance of ladybird offspring.
� But today, it is difficult to say if H. axyridiswill lead to displacement of native species in some of Belgium habitats.
� In view of this invasion, it appear urgent to build a regulation framework and to use a risk assessment before the import and the release all exotic biological control agents.
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Centre wallonde Recherches agronomiques