international standards on occupational health and safetymhssn.igc.org/global ohs standards - brown...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
International Standards on Occupational Health and
SafetySPH 290 – Global OHS
Garrett Brown – UC BerkeleyWeek #3 – Fall 2018
![Page 2: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Presentation Outline
• National vs. International• Types of international standards
– Framework documents– ILO documents– Voluntary consensus standards– Other international agreements
![Page 3: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
National vs. International
• National = legally enforceable– Depends on content of regulations– Depends on political will of government– Depends on resources of government
• International = most are guidelines– Lengthy complaint mechanisms (if any)– General, non-specific content
3
![Page 4: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
National Regulations
• Health Hazards (exposures) – Chemicals– Physical agents: noise, temperature, ergo
• Safety Hazards– Slips & trips; falls; struck by– Electrical hazards– Machine guarding & equipment operations– Confined spaces
4
![Page 5: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Regulatory OELs
• Occupational Exposure Limits
• Goal: protect “most” workers
• Types:
– Full shift: PELs
– Short-term (15, 30 minutes): STELs
– Never to be exceeded: CLs
5
![Page 6: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Regulatory OELs
• Assumptions:– 8 hour day & 40 hour week– Time-weighted average > peaks– 40 years of workplace exposures
• Required for evaluation:– IH monitoring capacity– Accurate laboratory analysis
6
![Page 7: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Regulatory OELs
• Real life in global supply chains:– No one works only 8 hr / 40 hr
– Massive exposures in short time periods
– Community/environmental exposures
– Near-zero national IH capabilities
– Near-zero national analytical labs
7
![Page 8: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
National Regulations
• Scope and content of regs– China and Mexico regulations– Bangladesh and Indonesia regulations
• Enforcement of regs– Political will – Corruption– Resources: financial, human, technical
8
![Page 9: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (UN)– Adopted in 1966 – Went into effect in 1976– “safe and healthy working conditions” -
Part III, Article 7 (b)
9
![Page 10: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• ILO Tripartite Declaration of Principles concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy– Adopted in 1977– Amended in 2000, 2006 and 2017– Safety and Health paragraphs 43-46
• ”multinational enterprises should maintain the highest standards of safety and health”
10
![Page 11: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
International Framework
Documents
• ILO Declaration on Fundamental
Principles and Rights at Work
– Adopted in 1998
– Annex revised in 2010
– OHS not categorized as a “fundamental
right,” but governments called on to
“promote and realize” ILO Conventions,
even if not ratified.
11
![Page 12: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• ILO Decent Work Agenda– Developed in 1999 and integrated into later
ILO documents– “Four pillars” of Decent Work Agenda
• Employment creation• Social protection• Rights at work• Social dialogue
12
![Page 13: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization– Adopted in 2008– “healthy and safe working conditions”
(page 10)– How governments implement ILO
conventions depends on “national conditions and circumstances” (page 11)
13
![Page 14: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises– Organization for Economic Co-operation
and Development– Adopted in 2008– MNEs should “take adequate steps to
ensure health and safety in their operations” (Section IV, 4 b))
14
![Page 15: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Business Conduct– Adopted in May 2018– Goal: “provide practical support to enterprises on
the implementation of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises…in specific sectors and supply chains, namely minerals, agriculture, garment and footwear, extractives and finance.”
15
![Page 16: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights– “Implementing the United Nations ‘Protect,
Respect and Remedy’ framework”– Adopted in 2011 by UN Human Rights Council– Both “state duty” and “corporate responsibility”– “Business enterprises should respect human
rights” as per ILO and other documents (Point 11, page 13)
16
![Page 17: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
International Framework
Documents
• Transforming our World: The 2030
agenda for sustainable development
– Adopted in 2015 by the United Nations
Sustainable Development Program
– 17 Sustainable Development Goals
• OHS involved in Goals #1, #3 and #8
– “Promote safe and secure working environments
for all workers, including migrant workers, in
particular women migrants, and those in
precarious employment” (Goal 8.8)17
![Page 18: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• ILO Forced Labour Protocol– Adopted 2014 – effective November 2018– 24.9 million people in forced labor
• 16 million in private sector (ag, construction, domestic work)
• 4.8 million in forced sexual exploitation• 4 million in forced labor by state authorities
– 1 in 4 victims of modern slavery = children
18
![Page 19: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
International Framework Documents
• ILO Guidelines for a just transition towards environmentally sustainable economies and societies for all– Adopted in 2015– Guiding Principles (Section IV):
• 13 (b): “Policies must respect, promote and realize fundamental principles and rights at work”
• 13 (c): “Policies and programmes need to take into account the strong gender dimension…”
19
![Page 20: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ILO Standards
• Five types of ILO documents:– Conventions– Recommendations– Protocols– Guidelines– Codes of Practice
20
![Page 21: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
ILO Standards
• Guidelines on occupational safety and health management systems – ILO-OSH 2001– First OSHMS program globally
– Initiated after ISO decided not to develop a OSHMS (until 2014)
– ILO’s tripartite nature created significant worker participation in this OSHMS
21
![Page 22: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
ILO Standards
• 40+ OHS documents– Fundamental principles of occupational
safety and health– Health and safety in particular branches of
economic activity– Protection against specific risks– Protection for vulnerable populations
• Early years = restrictions on women • Now = protect women, migrants, indigenous
22
![Page 23: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
ILO Standards
• Text contains general requirements, “performance standards” rather than “specification standards”
• Conventions “binding” only when ratified by country – some countries require additional incorporation into national law
• Lengthy ILO complaint process only recourse for non-compliance
23
![Page 24: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ILO Standards
• Convention ratification examples:– The ILO has 187 member states– C139 - Occupational Cancer (1974) – 41
ratifications– C148 - Working Environment (1977) – 46
ratifications– C155 - Occupational Safety and Health
(1981) – 67 ratifications
24
![Page 25: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ILO Standards
• Convention ratification examples from 187 member states:– C170 - Chemicals (1990) – 21 ratifications– C174 - Prevention of Major Industrial
Accidents (1993) – 18 ratifications– C187 - Promotional Framework for
Occupational Safety and Health (2006) –46 ratifications
25
![Page 26: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
ILO Summary
• On the plus side:– ILO Conventions are nominally enforceable– Suite of ILO documents covers most issues– More specific and comprehensive than
documents from other organizations• On the minus side:
– Performance standards without specifics– Little to zero enforcement
26
![Page 27: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Voluntary Consensus Standards
• ACGIH – TLVs and BEIs• NIOSH – RELs• ISO standards and guidelines• NFPA, ANSI, ASTM, AMSE, ASHRAE• OARS – WEELs
27
![Page 28: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
ACGIH
• American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
• Founded in 1938
• TLVs = basis for Federal OSHA exposure limits in 1970, other countries (e.g., Mexico and Indonesia) have adopted as regulatory limits – 700 chemicals and physical agents
28
![Page 29: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
ACGIH
• Key documents:– Threshold Limit Values for chemicals
– Threshold Limit Values for physical agents
– Biological Exposure Indices (50 chemicals)
– Industrial ventilation manual
– Air sampling instruments manual
– Bioaerosols assessment and control
– Control of laser hazards29
![Page 30: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
NIOSH
• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Established in 1970 under OSHA Act• Mandate: research and recommend
health and safety standards to OSHA and MSHA – but NIOSH recommendations generally ignored by regulatory agencies
30
![Page 31: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
NIOSH
• Key documents:– NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
(677 chemicals)– Recommended Exposure Limits (RELs)– Criteria Documents– Alerts– Special Hazard Reviews, Occupational
Hazard Assessments, Technical Guidelines
31
![Page 32: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
ISO
• International Organization for
Standardization
• Founded in 1946
• Currently 161 national standard setting
bodies; 780 technical committees; staff
of 135 at Secretariat in Geneva
• 22,209 standards and guidelines –
certification process for standards
32
![Page 33: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
ISO
• Key ISO documents:– 90001:2015 – Quality Management
System– 14001:2015 – Environmental Management
System– 26001:2010 – Guidance on Social
Responsibility– 45001:2018 – OHS management system
33
![Page 34: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
NFPA
• National Fire Protection Association• Founded in 1896• 50,000+ members globally; 250
technical committees with 9,000 volunteers
• 3,000+ consensus codes and standards– Electrical, fire, building, and life safety
34
![Page 35: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
ANSI
• American National Standards Institute• Founded in 1918• 1,000+ members from industry, government,
institutions and international; • 237 accredited standard developers• 11,500 American National Standards• Official US representative to ISO and
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
35
![Page 36: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
ASTM International
• American Society for Testing and Materials
• Founded in 1898• 30,000 members; 140 technical committees,
in 152 countries• 12,000 ASTM standards published yearly• 6,700 ASTM standards adopted in US and
other countries
36
![Page 37: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
ASME
• American Society of Mechanical Engineers
• Founded in 1880• 130,000 members, including 32,000
student members, 151 countries• Codes and standards on machinery and
equipment
37
![Page 38: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
ASHRAE
• American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers
• Founded in 1894• 56,000 members in 132 countries• Codes and standards for heating, ventilation,
air conditioning and refrigeration
38
![Page 39: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
OARS - WEELs
• Occupational Alliance for Risk Science -Workplace Environmental Exposure Levels
• WEELs developed by AIHA until 2013 when transferred to OARS, which is run by TERA –Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment, a non-profit corporation
• 131 chemicals on OEL list
39
![Page 40: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Other International Standards
• SAICM• World Bank/International Finance
Corporation• Treaties on POPs, mercury and conflict
minerals• Proposed treaty on Human Rights Due
Diligence
40
![Page 41: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
SAICM
• Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management
• Dubai conference in 2006 sponsored by UNEP and WHO
• “2020 Goal” = “chemicals are produced and used in ways that minimize significant adverse impacts on the environment and human health”
41
![Page 42: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
SAICM
• Key documents:– Dubai Declaration– Overarching Policy Strategy
• Risk reduction; knowledge and information; governance; capacity-building and technical cooperation; and illegal international traffic
– Global Plan of Action
42
![Page 43: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
WB-IFC
• World Bank – International Finance Corporation
• General Environmental Health, and Safety Guidelines (2007)
• Industrial Sector Guidelines (2007 on)• 10 Environmental and Social Standards,
required for borrowers (2017)
43
![Page 44: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
World Bank
• Environmental and Social Framework– Chapter 2: Labor and Working Conditions– Guidance Notes for Borrowers
• Guidance Notes = “not World Bank policy, nor are they mandatory”
• Not comprehensive; performance standards; voluntary guidelines
44
![Page 45: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
International Treaties
• Environmental and human rights treaties with OHS aspects and impacts
• 2004: Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
• 2013: Minamata Convention on Mercury• 2021: EU Regulation on Conflict
Minerals (tin, tantalum, tungsten and gold)
45
![Page 46: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Human Rights Due Diligence(HRDD)
• Concept established in the 2011 UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
• Proposal for a binding international treaty with enforceable complaint mechanism
• Requires mandatory HRDD legislation on national and international levels
46
![Page 47: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
HRDD
• 10 key elements proposed by the European Coalition for Corporate Justice (see reading list)
• Goal: “identify, prevent, mitigate and account for” actual or potential adverse human rights impacts a corporation may create directly or via its business relationships, including supply chains
47
![Page 48: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Summary• Strong worker protections require
comprehensive national regulations; well-resourced government regulatory agencies; political will; and member-controlled worker organizations
• In the absence of these elements = Plan B
48
![Page 49: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Summary
• Plan B:– Use of non-regulatory international
standards and guidelines as benchmarks for corporate performance throughout supply chains
– Sustained campaigns to highlight hazards and demand compliance: media/publicity, legal, investor, consumer, and support for worker-initiated actions
49
![Page 50: International Standards on Occupational Health and Safetymhssn.igc.org/Global OHS standards - Brown - Sept 2018.pdf · –Machine guarding & equipment operations –Confined spaces](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022053022/60500bbb653cd13a87302255/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
50
Contact Information
Garrett Brown510-558-1014 (o) – 510-778-0074 (cell)[email protected]: www.igc.org/mhssn