international sampe symposium and exhibition ; 46 (long ...book2...
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SOCIETY FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF
MATERIAL AND PROCESS ENGINEERING
46th International SAMPE Symposiumand Exhibition
VOLUME 46
Book 2 of 2 Books
2001:
A MATERIALS AND PROCESSES ODYSSEY
Edited byUnas Repecka
Frederick F. Saremi
Long Beach Convention Center
Long Beach, California
May 6-10,2001
Book 2
INNOVATIVE COMPOSITE BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION
Chairmen: Dr. Hota GangaRao, West Virginia University/Constructed Facilities
Jerome O'Connor, New York State Department of
Transportation/Bridges
Design and Construction ofMarket Street Bridge—WV 1321
HOTA V S GANGARAO and KRIT LAOSIRIPHONE
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber
Wrapped CCA-Treated Wood Coupons 1331
S ANEGUNTA, R K GUPTA and H V S GANGARAO
New York's Experience with FRP Bridge Decks 1341
JEROMES O'CONNOR
Innovative Materials for Bridges of the 21st Century 1352
JOHN M HOOKS
Experimental Investigation on the Out-of-Plane
Response of Unreinforced Brick Walls Retrofitted
with FRP Composites 1364
A MOSALLAM, M HAROUN, T ALMUSALLAM and S FARAIG
Effect of Advanced Composites on Creep and
Shrinkage of Concrete 1372
WASSIM NAGUIB and AMIR MIRMIRAN
ADVANCED METHODS IN ANALYSIS/SIMULATION—II
Chairmen: Dr. C.C. Chamis, NASA Glenn Research Center
Prof. Levon Minnetyan, Clarkson UniversityDr. Frank Abdi, AlphaStar Corporation
Life Prediction of X37 Space Vehicle 1381
VICTOR CHIN, ALFREDO DEL MUNDO, T CASTILLO and R LATHAM
Filament Winding Simulation of a Composite OverwrappedPressure Vessel 1393
SHEKHAR KAMAT, XIAOFENG SU, BRADLEY S FORSYTH, CHRISTOPHER KEDDY,HAROLD D BEESON and CHRISTOS CHAMIS
xviii
Impact, and Tension after Impact of Composite LaunchSpace Structure 1402DADE HUANG, FRANK ABDI and MOHSEN KHATIBLOU
Elastic Moduli of Cracked Laminates with Shear Coupling 1412
JAMES M WHITNEY
Finite Element Analysis of Endless Fiber
Reinforced Thermoplastics 1424
W MICHAELI, 0 FISCHER, M STEINBERG and J FORSTER
ELECTRONIC AND MICROELECTRONIC: PACKAGINGAND ASSEMBLIES
Chairmen: Dr. John A Emerson, Sandia National Laboratories/
Organic Materials
Dr. Guo Feng Xu, Nelco International Corporation
Etching Carbon Fiber Laminates as a Precursor
to Electroless Plating 1438
GREGORY L YOUNG and HONG XU
Benzoxazine: New Chemistry for Building Advanced
Printed Wiring Boards 1451
ROGER TIETZE, YEFIM BLYAKHAM, PRADIP BHATTand MOHAMMAD CHAUDHARI
The Effect of Shelf Life on the Bond Strength of Etched
Filled PTFE PC Board Materials 1458
PAUL D WIENHOLD
Kinetic Studies of Curing Process and Gelation ofHighPerformance Thermosets Based on Ternary Systems of
Benzoxazine, Epoxy and Phenolic Resins 1466
SARAWUT RIMDUSIT and HATSUO ISHIDA
Semiconductor Molding Compounds Based
on Polybenzoxazines 1481
ANTHONY A GALLO
Novel Composites for Laser Diode Thermal Management 1491
W KOWBEL, W CHAMPION, R HIZNAY, J WEBB, J C WITHERS and S CHOI
Methods to Fabricate Strong Micron-Thick
Bondlines for Microsystems 1498
RACHEL K GIUNTA, MICHAEL S KENT JESSICA HALL,
JOHN A EMERSON and DARA L WOERDEMAN
xix
COMPOSITES FOR SPACECRAFT
Chairman: Dr. Edward Silverman, TRW Space and Technology
Low Moisture Absorption Epoxy Composites for Satellite
and Moisture Critical Applications 1506
DAVID LEACH and JACK BOYD
Characterization of Graphite Fiber/Polyimide Compositesfor RLV Applications 1515
CHERYL L BOWMAN, JAMES K SUTTER, JOHN C THESKEN and
BRIAN P RICE
Method to Enhance the Kz of a Pitch Fiber Laminate 1530
JOHN BOOTLE
Structural Testing of Carbon-Carbon Radiator Panel 1538
EDWARD SILVERMAN
Carbon-Carbon Honeycomb Panels for Aerospace Applications. . .1552
WALLY HANSEN
Mode I Fracture of a Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Bismaleimide
Composite at Cryogenic Temperatures 1557
STEVEN L DONALDSON and RAN Y KIM
PULTRUSION
Chairman: Dr. Clem C. Hiel, W. Goldsworthy & Associates
Replicating the Thermal Environment in a Simulated
Thermoplastic Pultrusion Process 1564
FREDERICKA BROWN, RAY KOZAK, BRENDAN O'TOOLE and ROBERT BOEHM
Design Manual Development for FRP Structural Shapes:Practical and Durability Considerations 1576
JOHN J LESKO, SCOn W CASE, THOMAS E COUSINS, DAN WITCHER
and GLENN P BAREFOOT
Implementation of the Deep DWB in the Dickey Creek Bridge.... 1587
M.D HAYES, C WALDRON, T SCHNIEPR J J LESKO and T C COUSINS
Preliminary Development of a Durability Model for
Concrete Filled FRP Piles 1597
MIGUEL PANDO, JOHN LESKO and SCOTT CASE
Composite Trailer: From Prototype to Industrialisation 1612
JAN VERHAEGHE
xx
FLYWHEEL MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS
Chairman: Dr. Steve DeTeresa, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory
Stress Relaxation in Composite Flywheels 1621
JEROME TTZENG
Matrix-Dominated Performance of Thick-Section Fiber
Composites for Flywheel Applications 1631
S J DETERESA, L M ALLISON, D C FREEMAN and S E GROVES
Properties of Fiber Composites for Advanced FlywheelEnergy Storage Devices 1643
S J DETERESA and S E GROVES
Optimal Design of Multi-Direction Composites Flywheel Rotors . . .1657
YASSER GOWAYED, GEORGE T FLOWERS and JEFFREY J TRUDELL
FIRE SAFETY OF MATERIALS—I
Chairmen: Usman Sorathia, Naval Surface Warfare Center/Carderock
Richard Lyon, FAA
Fire Hazard Assessment in Submarine Plastic Waste
Stowage Compartments 1668
C C NDUBIZU, R A BROWN, PA TATEM and F W WILLIAMS
Performance Requirements for Fire Safetyof Materials in U.S. Navy Ships and Submarines 1683
U SORATHIA, G LONG, M BLUM, J NESS and T GRACIK
Flammability and Mechanical Properties of a New
Fire Resistant Epoxy 1695
RICHARD E LYON and LAUREN M CASTELLI
Developments in Fire Proof Composites 1707
PIET VAN DINE and USMAN SORATHIA
Fire Issues in Engineered Wood Composites for Naval
Waterfront Facilities 1713
L JAVIER MALVAR, ROBERT TICHY and DAVID E PENDLETON
INTERNAL REINFORCEMENT OF CONCRETE MEMBERS
Chairmen: Prof. Damian Kachlakev, California PolytechnicState University/Civil and Environmental Engineering
Prof. TarekAlmusallam, KingSaud University/Civil Engineering
XXI
Bonding between the Concrete and Polymer
Composite Tendon 1723
WAI HOW SOONG, S RIZKALLA and J RAGHAVAN
The Performance of Bond of FRP
Reinforcement in Concrete 1738
VITAUTS TAMUZS, ROBERTS APINIS, JANIS MODNIKS and
RALEJS TEPFERS
Hollow FRP Rebar—Its Unique ManufacturingProcess and Applications 1749
THOMAS S OHNSTAD and DAMIAN I KACHLAKEV
Effects of Shear Strengthening with GFRP on
Reinforced Concrete Beams 1759
TANARAT POTISUK, DAMIAN I KACHLAKEV, THOMAS H MILLER and
SOLOMON C S YIM
FEA of the Horsetail Creek Bridge Strengthenedwith FRP Laminates 1772
KAS1DIT CHANSAWAT, DAMIAN I KACHLAKEV, THOMAS H MILLER and
SOLOMON C S YIM
Bond Behavior of FRP Reinforcing Bars—The State-of-the-Art.. .
1784
NARENDRATALYandH V S GANGARAO
SPACE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT
Chairmen: Patricia Hansen and Jacqueline A. Townsend, NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center
Hubble Space Telescope Third Servicing Mission Retrieved
Metallized Teflon FEP Analysis 1797
JOHNR BLACKWOOD, JACQUELINE A TOWNSEND, PATRICIA A HANSEN,
MARKW MCCLENDON, JOYCE A DEVER, KIM K DE GROH, BENJAMIN B REED,
CHARLES C HE and WANDA C PETERS
Mechanical Properties of Teflon FEP Retrieved from the
Hubble Space Telescope 1811
JOYCE A DEVER, KIM K DE GROH, RUSSELL K MESSER, MARKW McCLENDON,MICHAEL VIENS, L LEN WANG and JONATHAN D GUMMOW
Thermal Contributions to the Degradation of Teflon FEP
on the Hubble Space Telescope 1826
KIM K DE GROH, JOYCE A DEVER, JAMES K SUTTER, JAMES R GAIER,
JONATHAN D GUMMOW, DANIEL A SCHEIMAN and CHARLES HE
xxii
Fabrication and Testing of Habitat Components UsingIn-Situ Materials for Martian Exploration 1841M.-H.Y. KIM, S. A, THIBEAULT, R. L. KIEFER, J. W. WILSON, R. C. SINGLETERRY,J. MOORE, H. HUFF and R, WILKINS
Space Environmentally Stable Polyimides and
Copolyimides Derived from [2,4-Bis(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-Diphenylphosphine Oxide 1853KENT A. WATSON, JOHN W. CONNELL and FRANK L. PALMIERI
Evaluation of the Mechanical and Erosion Resistance Qualities of
Composite Materials Exposed to the LEO Space Environment. . .
1864V. ISSOUPOV, 0. V. STARTSEV, V. VIEL, M. DINGUIRARD, C LACABANNEand E. F. NIKISHIN
Satellite Materials Outgassing Effects Knowledgebase 1875B. E. WOOD, B. D. GREEN, 0. M. UY R. R CAIN and SOPO K. YUNG
COMPOSITES DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
Chairman: Prof. Daniel O. Adams, University of Utah/
Mechanical Engineering
PACKS: An Affordable Knowledge-Driven CompositeDesign for Manufacturing Process 1885
RICHARD D. HALE and VIRGINIA M. VASEY-GLANDON
Advanced CAD Software Tools for Cost-Effective
Composite Engineering 1899
OLIVIER GUILLERMIN and JOHAN GRAPE
Parametric Investigation of Cantilevered IsoTruss Beams
Subjected to Axial Compression 1911
LAMAR D. WINKEL, DAVID W. JENSEN and DIL1P K. DAROOKA
Composite Materials for Micro Air Vehicles 1926PETER G. IFJU, SCOTT ETTINGER, DAVID JENKINS and LUIS MARTINEZ
Measurement and Analysis of Fiber-Composite-Reinforced-Foam Sandwich Core Material Properties 1938
FREDERICK STOLL and ROB BANERJEE
Damage Tolerance of Stitched CompositeSandwich Structures 1947
LARRY E. STANLEY and DANIEL 0. ADAMS
xxni
Lube-Free Composite Bearings: Are They Viable? 1958
CHRISTOS C CHAMIS and LEVON MINNETYAN
Non-Linear Deformation in Composite Structures 1967
R B HESLEHURSTand M J HOKE
AUTOMATED PLACEMENT TECHNOLOGY
Chairman: Dr. Norman Johnston, NASA Langley Research Center
Properties of Automated Tape Placed
LARC-PETI-5 Composites 1973
T H HOU, H L BELVIN and N J JOHNSTON
Automated Fabrication Processes for Large Composite
Aerospace Structures: A Trade Study 1986
MARKB GRUBER, MARK A LAMONTIA and BRIAN J WAIBEL
Automated Fiber Placement of PEEK/IM7 Composites with
Film Interleaf Layers 1998
A BRUCE HULCHER, WILLIAM I BANKS III, R BYRON PIPES, SURENDRA N TIWARI,
ROBERTO J CANO and NORMAN J JOHNSTON
Fabrication of a PEEK/Graphite Composite CryogenicFuel Line 2013ROBERT BECKER, ALLEN NETTLES, RON BUCINELL, ROBERT LANGONE and
JAMES MONDO
Development of a Cure-on-the-Fly Automated Tape Placement
Machine for Electron Beam Curable Prepregs 2024
JAMES W BURGESS, MARKS WILENSKI, HARRY L BELVIN, ROBERTO J CANO
and NORMAN J JOHNSTON
A Prototype Research Laboratory for Automated Fabrication
of High Performance Composites 2037R J CANO, H L BELVIN, N J JOHNSTON, A B HULCHER, J M MARCHELLO, R W
GRENOBLE, MARK S WILENSKI and JAMES W BURGESS
E-BEAM CURING MATERIALS AND PROCESS DEVELOPMENT
Chairman: Prof. Donald Klosterman, University ofDaytonResearch Institute
Improved Epoxy Resins Cured by Electron Beam Irradiation.... 2048
CHRISTOPHER J JANKE, RONNYD LOMAX, SUSAN ROBITAILLE,SHAUN DUGGAN, RAYMUND C SERRANZANA and VINCENT J LOPATA
xxiv
Adhesion between Carbon Fibers and Cationic Matricesin Electron Beam Processed Composites 2063BRIGITTE DEFOORT and LAWRENCE T DRZAL
Cure Kinetics of Cationic Polymerization of Phenyl GlycidylEther (PGE) and Tactixl23 Using CD-1012 as Photoinitiator
....2075
REZA DABESTANI and ILIA N IVANOV
Evolution of Cure, Mechanical Properties, and Residual
Stress during E-Beam Curing of a Polymer Composite 2090J RAGHAVAN
E-Beam Curing of a Novel Liquid Crystal Resin 2103DON KLOSTERMAN, RICHARD CHARTOFF TATTONG, MARY GALASKA,CHRYSA THEODORE and PATRICK HOOD
Constituent Level Examination of an E-Beam Cured
Graphite/Epoxy Composite 2115VERNON BECHEL, CHRISTOPHER JANKE, MARK WILENSKI and G P TANDON
Automated Tape Placement with in-situ Electron Beam Cure:
A Viable Process 2127DANIEL L GOODMAN, DANIEL J WEIDMAN, CATHERINE A BYRNE ALEXANDER N
BYKANOV, THOMAS W POND, WILLIAM M McMAHON and MICHAEL P KOVACH
Electron-Beam Cure of Phenylethynyl-Terminated Oligomers.... 2140J N HAY I HAMERTON B J HOWLIN, G J HOWGATEand P M O'GARA
FIRE SAFETY OF MATERIALS—II
Chairmen: Usman Sorathia, Naval Surface Warfare Center/
Carderock
Jeffrey W. Gilman, NIST/Fire Research Laboratory
Recent Advances in Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites. . .2147
JEFFREY W GILMAN, TAKASHI KASHIWAGI, ALEXANDER B MORGAN, RICHARD H
HARRIS, JR,LORI BRASSELL, WALID H AWAD, RICK D DAVIS, LEONARD CHYALL,
THOMAS SUTTO, PAUL C TRULOVE and HUGH DELONG
FTIR Sampling and Analysis of Combustion Gases for Fire
Toxicity Monitoring 2159L SPEITEL
Characterization of Fire Safe Polymer Matrix Composites for
Naval Applications 2170
J H KOO, B MUSKOPF, G McCORD, P VAN DINE, B SPENCER, U SORATHIA and
S VENUMBAKA
xxv
Fire Resistant Composites for Use on Navy Ships 2183JOHN BOOTLE
Low-Cost, Zero Halogen Optical Cable Jacket to MeetMIL-C-85045 and UL-910 Standards 2190ROBERT F KOVAR, GREG OCNOS, DENNIS KNUDSEN and GAIR BROWN
Fire Resistant Cyanate Ester-Epoxy Blends 2205RICHARD N WALTERS
THERMAL CURING AND MODELING OF COMPOSITES
Chairman: Loren P. Hendrickson, Boeing Canada Technology Ltd.
Curing Optimization of IM7/5250-4 Prepregs underField Repair Conditions 2217KEVIN LEE, PAUL 0 BINEYand YANG ZHONG
Examination of Heat Transfer in Autoclaves 2229MICHAEL HUDEK, MATT SHEWFELT, R MARK SHEAD, ANDREW JOHNSTON,NEZIH MRAD, RICK COLE, J RAGHAVAN and LOREN HENDRICKSON
A Study of Effect of Conducting Additives on Microwave
Heating and Curing Rates of Epoxy 2243SHUANGJIE (SHIRLEY) ZHOU and MARTIN C HAWLEY
Time-Domain-Reflectometry Cure Monitoring 2252NATHANIEL HAGER III and ROMAN DOMSZY
Effect of Part-Tool Interaction on Cure Distortion of Flat
Composite Laminates 2264MICHAEL T CANN and DANIEL 0 ADAMS
Parametric Study of Process Induced Deformation in
Composite Laminates 2278MADHAVA P KOTESHWARA and J RAGHAVAN
A NewLow Temperature Curing Prepreg 2293KAZUTAMI MITANI, KOKI WAKABAYASHI and SHIGETSUGU HAYASHI
EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATIONATEST METHODSChairman: Prof. Donald F. Adams, Wyoming Test Fixtures, Inc.
Low Temperature Behavior of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites:Matrix and Fiber Influences on Cryogenic Microcracking 2303JOHN F TIMMERMAN, MATTHEW S TILLMAN, BRIAN S HAYES and JAMES C SEFERIS
XXVI
NF3 Plasma Treatment of IM7/5260 for the Improvementof Moisture Resistance. 2312SATOMI OHNO, MOON-HWAN LEE and FUMIO S. OHUCHI
The Notched Strength of Angle Ply Laminates 2321M. R, PIGGOTTand W.ZHANG
Phenomenal Advancements in Non-Contact Ultrasound
for Composites Characterization 2328
MAHESH C. BHARDWAJ and GARY F STEAD
Cure Kinetics and Viscosity Models for Hexcel 8552
Epoxy Resin 2341
PASCAL HUBERT, ANDREW JOHNSTON, ANOUSH POURSARTIP and
KARL NELSON
The Study of Empirical Methodology to Observe DampingCharacteristics of Various Laminate Composite Plates 2355
FAYSAL KOLKAILAH, ELTHARY ELGHANDOUR, TAIKHA OH and JASON BOLOSAN
STATUS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF FRP
COMPOSITES IN CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE
Chairmen: Prof. Vistasp M. Karbhari, University of California,San Diego/Structural Engineering
Merle Slater, Structural Composite Construction, Inc.
HITEC Evaluation Plan for Assessment of FRP
Bridge Deck Systems 2366
DAVID REYNAUD and VISTASP M. KARBHARI
FRP Composite Systems for Concrete Structure Repairand Strengthening—Draft of a HITEC Evaluation Plan 2380
DAVID REYNAUD, PAULSCHUMAN and VISTASP M. KARBHARI
Assessment of Health Monitoring and NDE of
Composites Used for Renewal of Civil Infrastructure 2393
HENNING KAISER, VISTASP M. KARBHARI and CHARLES SIKORSKY
Structural Upgrade of Golden Gateway Building
Using Advanced Composites 2405
MERLE SLATER and LARRY McCAULEY
xxvii
TEXTILE COMPOSITES AND BRAIDING
Chairmen: Prof. Frank K. Ko, Drexel University/Materials Engineering
Mike Braley, A&P Technology, Inc.
Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of PolymorphismComposites Inserted with Knitted Polyethylene Fabric
Reinforced Polyethylene 2409
TATSURO FUKUI, ASAMI NAKAI HIROYUKI HAMADA and KAZUAKI NISHIYABU
Design Methodology of a Ductile Hybrid FRP for Concrete
Structures by the Braidtrusion Process 2421
FRANK P HAMPTON, HOA LAM, FRANK K KO and HARRY G HARRIS
Robotic Three-Dimensional Stitching Technology 2433
JURGEN WITTIG and FRANK RATTAY
Advancements in Braided Materials Technology 2445MIKE BRALEY and MOLLY DINGELDEIN
Geometry of 3D Braided Rectangular Preformwith Axial Yarns 2455
XUEKUN SUN and YOUQI WANG
Tailored Fibre Placement—Cost-Effective Preforms for
High Loaded Composites 2463DIRK FELTIN and KONRAD GLIESCHE
An Integrated Modelling Strategy for Processing and
Properties of Textile Composites 2472I VERPOEST, G HUYSMANS, Y LUO, R S PARNAS, A PRODROMOU
and S L LOMOV
TOW PLACEMENT
Chairmen: Dr. Jim Criss, Lockheed Martin
JeffHendrix, Consultant
Advanced Technology Tape Laying for Affordable
Manufacturing of Large Composite Structures 2484MICHAEL N GRIMSHAW, CARROLL G GRANT and JOSE MANUEL LUNA DIAZ
A Manufacturing Procedure for Composite Laminate Production
with Precision Fiber Placement 2495D W KELLY, R WILLGOSS, R LI and A CROSKY
xxviii
E-BEAM CURING COMPOSITE APPLICATIONS
Chairman: Paige Kirn, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics
EB Processing for Repair of Commercial Aircraft—
A Status Report 2507VINCENT J LOPATA and ERNIE FIDGEON
Innovative E-Beam Cured Structures for Aircraft 2515
MARGARET ROYLANCE and PAIGE KIRN
Electron-Beam Processable Polyimides for High-PerformanceComposite Applications 2526ANDREAE HOYT
Electron-Beam Processing of Thermoplastics: A Review 2536MICHAEL STERN
Influence of Thermal Post Curing on Electron Beam
Cured Composites 2550
BRIGITTE DEFOORT and LAWRENCE T DRZAL
FIRE SAFETY OF MATERIALS—III
Chairmen: Usman Sorathia, Naval Surface Warfare Center/Carderock
Dr. Shaheed Qureshi, Georgia-Pacific Resins
All-Phenolic Sandwich Structures for Aircraft
Interior Applications 2562
INGO KLEBA, EDMUND HABERSTROH and ANDREA KRAEMER
Fire Resistant Coatings for Polymeric Fibers 2577
W KOWBEL.K PATELandJ C WITHERS
Hybrid Composites with Glass/Carbon Fibers and
Inorganic/Organic Matrices. 2582
JAMES GIANCASPRO, P BALAGURU and RICHARD LYON
Fire Performance and Mechanical Property Characterization
of a Phenolic Matrix Syntactic Foam Core Material for
Composite Sandwich Structures 2593
NOEL J TESSIER
OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS APPLICATIONS
Chairman: Douglas B. Johnson, Lincoln Composites/Advanced Technical Products
xxix
Polysiloxane Modification of Phenolic for Composite Piping 2600
JOIE L FOLKERS and RALPH S FRIEDRICH
Composite Choke and Kill Line Development and Test Results . . .2607
DONALD D BALDWIN and DOUGLAS B JOHNSON
Application of Spoolable Composite Tubing to Oil and
Gas Industry Flowlines 2622
CHRIS LUNDBERG, WILLIAM D STRINGFELLOW, TOMAS WALSH and
HARRIS REYNOLDS
Filament Wound Composite Property Optimization with
Zoltek 48K Carbon Fiber 2634
PAUL WALSH, RICH DROPEK and RON ROSER
Development of a Heat-Activated Coupling for Composite
Pipe Systems 2651
RANDY A JONES, SU-SENG PANG, GUOQIANG LI, RICHARD H LEA and
MICHAEL A STUBBLEFIELD
Author Index 1-1
Company Index 1-9
Subject Index 1-15
XXX