international global positioning (igp) business plan july 2001

7/31/2019 International Global Positioning (IGP) Business Plan July 2001

1/40

IDQOSDMQIEDM@ J@ECM@ WE[IQIEDIDJ.IJW)

Qno Jumsaimd [e`uqied

Cu{ido{{ W`md

Wsowmsoa cy6

Qno O~okuqixo Lmdmjolodq QomlIdqosdmqiedm` J`ecm` We{iqiedidj, Idk$;377 D$ Kodqsm` Mxoduo[uiqo =997Wneodi~, MV >?7=3=>778=:??9:=8733>?7??;

Wsixmqo mda Kedhiaodqim`Fu`y =8, 377=

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo = Sox1$7, =7%;%7=


2/40

DEQIKO

Qno idheslmqied wso{odqoa id qni{ aekulodq i{ nijn`y {od{iqixo mda kedhiaodqim`$ Iq i{ hes u{o ed`y cyqne{o zne nmxo cood m{boa qe soxioz qno w`md eh qno Kelwmdy mda kellodq qnosoed$ Eqnoszi{o, iq{

u{o i{ so{qsikqoa m{ m cùowsidq hes lmdmjolodq qe juiao qnol id qno aoxoèwlodq eh qno Kelwmdy$Qni{ Cu{ido{{ W`md kmddeq co sowseaukoa, auwìkmqoa es soxomòa, id zneò es id wmsq, es u{oa id mdyeqnos lmddos ziqneuq qno wsies zsiqqod wosli{{ied eh m so{wed{icò lolcos eh qno o~okuqixolmdmjolodq qoml eh Idqosdmqiedm` Jècm` We{iqiedidj, Idk$ .IJW)$

Qno idheslmqied kedqmidoa nosoid nm{ cood ecqmidoa hsel {eusko{ qnmq qno Kelwmdy aool{ soìmcò$IJW lmbo{ de zmssmdqy es sowso{odqmqied m{ qe qno mkkusmky es kelwòqodo{{ eh qno idheslmqiedkedqmidoa nosoid$ M`` m{{ulwqied{ uqiìvoa lmy deq nmxo cood ai{kè{oa mda qno idheslmqied kedqmidoa i{jixod ziqneuq mdy zmssmdqy$ Mdy wos{ed zne lmy zi{n qe cokelo idxe`xoa ziqn IJW mda iq{ cu{ido{{ecfokqixo{ mda jsezqn {qsmqojy {neuà lmbo ni{ es nos ezd idxo{qijmqied{, wsefokqied{ mda kedkù{ied{ziqneuq soìmdko ed qno lmqosim` kedqmidoa nosoid$ Qni{ aekulodq i{ deq md ehhos qe {o`` {okusiqio{ mda{neuà deq co ked{qsuoa m{ {ukn$

[mho Nmsces

Heszmsaèebidj {qmqolodq{ id qni{ aekulodq mso idqodaoa qe co {ucfokq qe qno {mho nmsces wsexi{ied{ ehqno Wsixmqo [okusiqio{ @iqijmqied Sohesl Mkq eh =99?$ Somaos{ eh qni{ aekulodq mso kmuqiedoa qnmq m``heszmsaèebidj {qmqolodq{ idxe`xo si{b{ mda udkosqmidqio{, idkùao si{b{ eh udkosqmidqio{ id ku{qelosmk}ui{iqied mda soqodqied, si{b{ idnosodq ziqn Idqosdoq qokndeèjy mda ewosmqied{$ De m{{usmdko{ kmd cojixod qnmq mkqum` so{u`q{ zi`` deq aihhos lmqosim``y hsel qne{o kedqmidoa id {ukn heszmsaèebidj{qmqolodq{$

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo 3 Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


3/40

Qmcò eh Kedqodq{

DEQIKO $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 3[mho Nmsces$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 3OÔK_QIXO [_LLMSY $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 1LI[[IED [QMQOLODQ$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ :

I$ KELWMDY EXOSXIOZM$ Cu{ido{{ Wuswe{o, Esjmdivmqied mda [qsukquso$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ >

C$ Keso Qokndeèjy$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 9K$ Wseaukq{ mda [osxiko{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ==A$ Soxoduo [eusko{$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ==O$ Cu{ido{{ Leao` $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =3H$ Ezdos{niw $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =3

II$ LMSBOQ MDM@Y[I[M$ Ku{qelos Dooa $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =;C$ Lmsboq Ewwesqudiqy$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =;K$ Lmsboq [ivo mda Jsezqn Hesokm{q$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =;A$ Kelwoqiqied $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =1O$ [u{qmidmcò Kelwoqiqixo Maxmdqmjo $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =?

III$ LMSBOQIDJ W@MDM$ Idiqim` Qmsjoq Lmsboq{$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =8C$ Lmsboqidj Kelludikmqied{$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =:K$ [mò{ [qsmqojy$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;3A$ Wsikidj [qsmqojy$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;1O$ Jsezqn [qsmqojy $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;1

IX$ LMDMJOLODQ MDA EWOSMQIED[M$ Cemsa eh Aisokqes{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;8C$ Boy O~okuqixo Lmdmjolodq $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;:K$ Ked{u`qmdq{ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;:A$ [qmhhidj W`md mda Noma Keudq$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;9O$ Hmkiìqio{ mda Malidi{qsmqied W`md $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;9

H$ Idkodqixo Kelwod{mqied W`md $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;9J$ Keswesmqo Jexosdmdko$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;9

X$ KMWIQM@ SO]_ISOLODQ[M$ Wnm{idj @iliqoa Hudaidj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 17C$ _{o eh Wsekooa{$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 17K$ Idxo{qlodq Wsewe{m` @iliqoa Hudaidj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 17A$ O~iq [qsmqojy$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 17

XI$ MQQMKNOA O^NICIQ[M$ Hidmdkim` Wsefokqied{, Wos{eddo` Ke{q{, Lmsboq [mò{ mda Ke{q{C$ Woq Cseknuso .asmhq)K$ MED Odaes{olodq @oqqosA$ Lmw @ekmqied{O$ Maxosqi{idj Jsmwnik{

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo ; Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


4/40

OÔK_QIXO [_LLMSY

=$ Exosxioz

Idqosdmqiedm` Jècm` We{iqiedidj .IJW) nm{ cood hesloa qe o~wèiq qno cu{ido{{ weqodqim` sowso{odqoa cy qno [iSHQokndeèjy, Idk${, nijn wosheslmdko =3knmddo` JW[ {ijdm` wseko{{es$ Qni{ wmqodqoa oòkqsedik kniw, znodwmsqdosoa ziqn m JW[ sokoixos, wsexiao{ m wezoshu` qsmkbossokowqes cu{ido{{ leao` hes {mò{ eh JW[ qsmkbidjmda sokexosy wseaukq{ mda {osxiko{$

Qno Kelwmdy .IJW) w`md{ qe ehhos, hes m ledqn`y {osxiko hoo, m qsmkbidj mda èkmqied iaodqihikmqied {osxiko qeku{qelos{ zne cuy qno Kelwmdy{ wsewsioqmsy wseaukq{, znikn kedqmid qno [iSH JW[ kniw$ Qno kelwmdy w`md{qe ehhos qno Cu{ido{{qeKed{ulos, Cu{ido{{qeCu{ido{{ mda Cu{ido{{qeCu{ido{{qeKed{ulos lmsboq{wseaukq{ {ukn m{ muqeleciò aoxiko{, woq ke``ms{, hm{niedmcò zmqkno{ mda csmkoòq{, cu{ido{{ wmkbmjidjlmqosim`{ mda eqnos wseaukq{, znikn kedqmid qno [iSH JW[ kniw{oq$ Mdy qnisa wmsqy kedkosdoa mceuq qno {mhoqyes èkmqied eh qno u{osku{qelos, lmy km`` qno IJW [osxiko Kodqos mda, ziqn qno wseaukqied eh m xmìa IA dulcos,sokoixo id mwwse~ilmqo`y 1? {okeda{ qno o~mkq èkmqiedzesàziaoeh qno u{osku{qelos zne i{ idwe{{o{{ied eh qno [iSH JW[ kniw{oq$ Qno èkmqied zi`` aowoda ed qno mkko{{ici iqy eh ko`ù`ms qoòwnedo {osxiko$

3$ Li{{ied

IJW w`md{ qe cokelo qno òmaidj wsexiaos eh qusdboy qsmkbidjèkmqidj {eùqied{ hes idaixiaum`{ mda cu{ido{{o{

qnmq so}uiso qno mciìqy qe aoqoslido qno wsoki{o èkmqied eh idaixiaum`{ mda we{{o{{ied{ qnmq uqiìvo qno JW[ kniwqokndeèjy$ IJW idqoda{ qe cokelo m òmaidj ewosmqes eh JW[ qokndeèjy mda qe knm`òdjo eqnos JW[kelwmdio{ hes wsoolidodko ziqnid qno idau{qsy$

;$ Kelwmdy

IJW i{ m keswesmqied esjmdivoa udaos qno `mz{ eh qno [qmqo eh Doxmam$ Qno Kelwmdy zm{ idkeswesmqoa Lmy =?,3777 mda i{ malidi{qosoa hsel keswesmqo ehhiko{ kussodq`y èkmqoa id Wneodi~, Msivedm$ Qno KOE mda Wso{iaodqeh qno Kelwmdy i{ Liknmo` F$ Kebos, qno Knioh Hidmdkim` Ehhikos i{ Ci`ìo F$ Ci`` M``soa, qno [odies Xiko Wso{iaodqeh [mò{ mda Lmsboqidj i{ Azijnq Z$ Fesy$ Dikne`{ ( Kelwmdy @@K nm{ cood soqmidoa qe m{{i{q qno kelwmdy idqno heslmqied eh m wucìk kelwmdy {qsmqojy$ Qno kelwmdy nm{ qno lmdmjolodq o~wosqi{o qe o~wèiq qno weqodqim`sowso{odqoa cy qno mjsoolodq ziqn [iSH$

1$ Cu{ido{{ Ewwesqudiqy

Mao}umqo kniw {oq{ zi`` co mxmi`mcò qe looq qno dooa{ eh qno kelwmdy$ Qno ke{q, qe qno ku{qelos, eh qnoledqn`y qsmkbidj mda lediqesidj {osxiko{ i{ wsefokqoa qe co hsel !==$9? qe !39$9?$ IJW{ ke{q eh ledqn`ylediqesidj, idkùaidj qokndeèjy mlesqivmqied mda Noma Keudq{, i{ mceuq !1$77$

?$ Qokndeèjy

Qno JW[ keso qokndeèjy zm{ esijidm``y aoxoèwoa mda ezdoa cy Nedoyzo`` Keswesmqied$ [iSH Qokndeèjy,Idk$ eh [iìked Xm`òy id Kmìhesdim wusknm{oa qno qokndeèjy hsel Nedoyzo`` mda nm{ hiòa mda i{ wseqokqoa cy_[ Wmqodq{ +?>9:87? mda ?97==:=$ Eqnos _[ mda Hesoijd wmqodq{ mso wodaidj$

[iSH{qms I Mskniqokquso mda qno [iSH{qmsI%@^ Hmli`y eh JW[ kniw{oq{ mso cm{oa ed qze udi}uo, likse{ivokniw{6 qno J[W%@^6 Nijn wosheslmdko =3knmddo` JW[ {ijdm` wseko{{es KLE[, ;$; xe`q{, @]HW =77 wid kniw

mda JSH=%@^6 Idqojsmqoa JW[ SH hsedq oda ziqn md ed kniw XKE mda sohosodko e{ki``mqes, {idjò {qmjo aezdkedxos{ied, mda cui`qid @DM, Ciwe`ms, @]HW ;3wid$

IJW nm{ dmloa qno wseaukq qno So{] mda u{o{ qno {èjmd Qno Jumsaimd [eùqied $



5/40

Qno So{] kniw homquso{ mda codohiq{ mso6

Homquso Codohiq

=77l{ [dmw@ekb [ijdm`Mk}ui{iqied

Hm{q somk}ui{iqied qilo odmcò cy [iSH{wmsm`ò` mskniqokquso wsexiao{ coqqoswosheslmdko id uscmd kmdyed{$

[dmw[qmsq [qmsq_w We{iqied hi~ mq qno wu{n eh m cuqqed$

Hei`mjo@ekb [ijdm` [od{iqixiqy Ilwsexo{ we{iqiedidj wosheslmdko idec{qsukqoa odxisedlodq{ {ukn m{ aod{o

heso{q{ cy wsexiaidj kedqidueu{ {mqo`ìqoqsmkbidj ziqn xosy èz {ijdm`{$

QsikbòWezos mda Wu{n qe Hi~ Wezos {mxidj{ ziqn odnmdkoa wezoslmdmjolodq .m{ èz m{ =?lZ) ilwsexo{cmqqosy ìho mda soauko{ nomq jodosmqied$

[idjò[qmq We{iqiedidj Wsexiao{ leso we{iqied hi~o{ id md uscmdkmdyed es aod{o heìmjo odxisedlodq hesmuqeleciò dmxijmqied mwwìkmqied{$

Aum` Lu`qiwmqn Sofokqied Ilwsexo{ {eùqied mkkusmky id uscmd kmdyedmsom{

Kniw [oq mda [ehqzmso [eùqied Kelwòqo JW[ nmsazmso mda {ehqzmso{eùqied hsel m {idjò {uwwìos$

Maaiqiedm``y, qno {ukko{{hu` aoxoèwlodq eh lidimqusivoa ko`ù`ms oòkqsedik{ nm{ m`èzoa qno idqojsmqied eh qni{wmqodq wodaidj qokndeèjy idqe qno IJW kniw {oq$ JW[ mèdo kmd co ìliqoa auo qe ec{qsukqied{ mda uscmdkmdyed{$ Qno idqojsmqied eh ko`ù`ms qokndeèjy m`èz{ qno aoxiko qe co èkmqoa oxod idaees qnu{ lmbidj qno IJWaoxiko md ohhokqixo èkmqidj qee`$

8$ Wseaukq{ mda [osxiko{

IJW{ his{q wseaukq{ mso ked{ulos aoxiko{ lmao hes muqeleciò{, zmqkno{, hido fozo`sy mda woq ke``ms{ mdak`m{w{ qnmq kedqmid qno [iSH kniw {oq qokndeèjy olcoaaoa idqe qno aoxiko$ Qno wseaukq ìdo nm{ cood csmdaoaSo{]$ M~iel, Idk$, id Kmìhesdim, kussodq`y lmduhmkquso{ qno muqeleqixo mwwìkmqied{$ Qno woq ke``mslmduhmkqusos{ mso o~wokqoa qe co M~iel, Idk$, M{{olc`y Qokn [osxiko{, Keèsmae mda Do~ied, Nedj Bedj$Qno kelwmdy i{ dojeqimqidj ziqn m zmqkn lmduhmkqusos id Nedj Bedj, bdezd m{ Woaso, qe wsekuso m ìdo ehhm{nied zmqkno{ ziqn =>9 aihhosodq {qyò{ mda omkn {qyò kelidj id oijnq aihhosodq keès{$ Qno wseaukq{ zi`` soqmi`

hes !=77$77$ Qno kelwmdy{ ke{q wos udiq i{ mwwse~ilmqo`y !9?$77$

IJW zi`` ehhos wusknm{os{ eh qno wseaukq{ .znikn kedqmid qno kniw{oq) m èkmqidjqsmkbidj ewwesqudiqy mq m ledqn`ywsiko eh !==$9? qe !39$9?$ _{os{ zi`` km`` m qe`` hsoo dulcos mda qno u{os{ kniw{oq kmd co èkmqoa idmwwse~ilmqo`y 1? {okeda{ mdyznoso id qno zesà ziqnid m smdjo eh m hoz hooq$

:$ Lmsboq Mdm`y{i{

@ekmqied mzmsodo{{ m{ m ked{ulos cm{oa dooa nm{ jedo lmid{qsoml$ Qno aoxoèwlodq eh jexosdlodq wucìkaelmid {mqo`ìqo{ mda JW[ qokndeèjy nm{ lmao qno ked{ulos mzmso eh qsmkbidjèkmqidj wseaukq{ mda {osxiko{qnmq mso mxmi`mcò mda ohhokqixo$

Qe amqo qni{ qokndeèjy nm{ cood mxmi`mcò qe kosqmid {ojlodq{ eh qno ked{ulos lmsboq, le{q`y nijnoda muqe

mda lmsido mwwìkmqied{$ Ziqn qno aoxoèwlodq eh [iSH{ doz JW[ kniw{oq mda qno mwwìkmqied eh wseaukq{ {uknm{ JW[ zsi{qzmqkno{ mda woq ke``ms{, qno ked{ulos{ ao{iso qe nmxo mkko{{ qe qni{ qokndeèjy hes èkmqied%mda essokexosy eh kms{, kniàsod, ai{esiodqmqoa oàos`y, woq{ mda jeea{ zi`` dez co ziao`y mxmi`mcò mda mhhesamc`ywsikoa$

Wos{edm` {okusiqy mda qno wseqokqied eh wos{edm` we{{o{{ied{ mso jsezidj Ku{qelos Dooa{, iaodqihioa deq ed`y idqno _$[$, cuq m`{e id qno jècm` lmsboqw`mko$ Qno hso}uodky mda ke{q eh ksiloso`mqoa mkqixiqy qe qno ked{ulosnm{ jsezd cy udwsokoaodqoa òxo`{ exos qno wm{q qze aokmao{$

M`ìoa Cu{ido{{ Idqo`ìjodko, Idk$ .MCI eh Ey{qos Cmy, D$Y$), qno zesà{ òmaidj {uwwìos eh cu{ido{{ idqo`ìjodkohes lmduhmkqusos{ id qno kelludikmqied{ mda olosjidj qokndeèjy idau{qsio{, wsoaikq{ qno zesàziao

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo ? Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


6/40

kelloskim` .dedliìqmsy) JW[ sokoixos {y{qol{ lmsboq zi`` qsiwò exos qno do~q {i~ yoms{, jsezidj hsel mdo{qilmqoa !1$? ci`ìed id =999 qe doms`y !=1 ci`ìed cy 377?$

Iq i{ ìbo`y qnmq qno `msjo{q xeùlo lmsboq hes JW[ zi`` co iq{ idqojsmqied idqe qno zisoò{{ nmda{oq odxisedlodqmda idqe wseaukq{ hes qno jodosm` ked{ulos lmsboq idkùaidj zsi{qzmqkno{ ziqn JW[ kmwmciìqio{ mda woqèkmqes{$

Qnoso mso lmdy weqodqim` u{os lmsboq{ hes qno IJW ked{ulos JW[ qokndeèjy6 kniàsod, ai{esiodqmqoa es è{qidaixiaum`{, qno woq lmsboq, aoìxosy {osxiko kelwmdio{, qno fuaikim` {y{qol .cmi` mda oms`y fmi` soòm{o lediqesidj

wsejsml{), oqk$

Qno kelwmdy nm{ iaodqihioa idiqim` qmsjoq lmsboq{ eh kniàsod, woq{, M`vnoilos{ wmqiodq{, muqeleciò qsmkbidj,mda wmkbmjo qsmkbidj$

>$ [mò{ [qsmqojy

IJW w`md{ qe `mudkn qno So{] JW[ ked{ulos wseaukq ìdo ziqn md Idheloskim`$ Qno kelwmdy w`md{ mdo~qod{ixo Zoc {iqo mda qe o~wèiq qno codohiq{ eh OKellosko qe {uwwesq qno Idheloskim`, idhesl qno qmsjoqlmsboq{ mda qsijjos {mò{ eh wseaukq{ mda qsmkbidjèkmqidj kedqsmkq{$

Qno kelwmdy zi`` m`{e wsixmqo `mco` qno wseaukq, odqos idqe ìkod{idj mjsoolodq{ ziqn qnisa wmsqio{ mda mkqixo`yu{o dmqiedm` wsidq mda eqnos loaim euqòq{ qe maxosqi{o qno wseaukq ewwesqudiqy$

Wmsodq m{{ekimqied{, `mz odheskolodq mda qno fuaikim` {y{qol zi`` m`{e co u{oa qe csidj mqqodqied qe qno ku{qelosdooa mda qno xmùo qe co ecqmidoa cy u{idj qno So{] {y{qol$

Qno kelwmdy nm{ jodosmqoa idksoaicò idqoso{q qnseujn aisokq lmi` kmlwmijd{ mda {usxoy{ hsel xmsieu{ èdjqosl kmso kelwmdio{$ Eqnos `msjo wso{mò{ idqoso{q nm{ cood sokoixoa qnseujn qno woq knmddo`, ceqn èkm``ymda idqosdmqiedm``y$

9$ Lmdmjolodq ( Ewosmqied{

_wed sokoiwq eh idiqim` hudaidj, qno kelwmdy zi`` cojid qe soksuiq o~okuqixo {qmhh$ Idiqim` O~okuqixo {qmhhidj mda{uwwesq mso wsefokqoa mq ?7 wos{ed{$ Qno kelwmdy w`md{ qe smlw uw iq{ ewosmqied{ mda oxodqum``y olwèyidj mdmaaiqiedm` =?7 hes m Km`` Kodqos mda Ai{qsicuqied Kodqos$ Id maaiqied qe {mò{ wos{eddo`, m `msjo wesqied eh qnoidiqim` ;77 olwèyoo{ zi`` co nisoa mda qsmidoa qe lediqesSo{] ku{qelos km``{ ed m 31%: cm{i{$ Qni{ lomd{ qnmqqnoso zi`` co mwwse~ilmqo`y 17 qsmkbosèkmqes{ wos >neus {nihq$

=7$ Soxoduo [eusko{

Soxoduo kelo{ hsel qno {mò eh JW[ kniw{oq odmcòa ked{ulos wseaukq{ {ukn m{ muqeleciò{, zmqkno{, hidofozo`sy, woq ke``ms{ mda k`m{w{, oqk$ Sokussidj soxoduo ekkus{ hsel ledqn`y lediqesidj knmsjo{ znikn ke{q qnoSo{] kms u{os !==$9? qe !39$9? mda i{ o~wokqoa qe ke{q qno kelwmdy !1 wos idaixiaum` kedqsmkq$

==$ Si{b{

Zniò qno kelwmdy coìoxo{ qnmq iq kmd kedqse` som` mda woskoixoa si{b{, oxosy doz xodquso nm{ si{b idnosodqziqnid iq{ {qsukquso$ M ì{q eh weqodqim` si{b{ kmd co heuda id qno cu{ido{{ w`md eh qno kelwmdy$

=3$ Idiqim` Hudaidj So}uisolodq @iliqoa Ehhosidj

Idqosdmqiedm` Jècm` We{iqiedidj, Idk$, m Doxmam Keswesmqied .qno Kelwmdy) i{ nosocy ehhosidj wus{umdq qe Suò?78 eh Soju`mqied A eh qno [okusiqio{ Mkq eh =9;;$ [nmso{ eh qno Kelled [qekb .qno Kelled [qekb), !$77=wms xmùo, eh qno Kelwmdy .qno [nmso{) mso ehhosoa id qze wnm{o{$ Qno his{q wnm{o i{ hes 3,777,777 {nmso{ mqqno wsiko eh !=$?7 wos {nmso mda qno {okeda wnm{o i{ hes 3,777,777 {nmso{ hes qno wsiko eh !3$77 wos {nmso$Qejoqnos ziqn omkn {nmso eh Kelled [qekb wusknm{oa, qno wusknm{os {nm`` sokoixo m zmssmdq qe wusknm{o qzemaaiqiedm` {nmso{ eh Kelled [qekb mq qno wsiko mq znikn qno esijidm` wusknm{o eh Kelled [qekb zm{ lmao$Qno zmssmdq{ lmy co o~oski{oa mq mdy qilo udqi` edo yoms hsel qnois amqo eh i{{umdko, qno O~wismqied Amqo$



7/40

LI[[IED [QMQOLODQ

Idqosdmqiedm` Jècm` We{iqiedidj .IJW) idqoda{ qe cokelo qno wsolioso zesàziaowsexiaos eh wos{edm` mda wsewosqy qsmkbidjèkmqidj wseaukq{ mda {osxiko{ qnseujn qnou{o eh iq{ wsewsioqmsySo{]JW[ kniw mda lediqesidj qokndeèjy2 wsexiaidj èzke{qcuq wsoki{o sokexosy eh jeea{ mda èkmqied mda qsmkbidj {osxiko{ qe soji{qosoa u{os{m`èzidj kedkosdoa qnisa wmsqio{ qe iaodqihy qno wsoki{o èkmqied znoso qno IJW {ucfokq, ihè{q, kmd co illoaimqo`y heuda$

IJW w`md{ qe cokelo qno òmaidj wsexiaos eh qusdboy qsmkbidjèkmqidj {eùqied{ hes

idaixiaum`{ mda cu{ido{{o{ qnmq so}uiso qno mciìqy qe aoqoslido qno wsoki{o èkmqied ehidaixiaum`{ mda we{{o{{ied{, znikn uqiìvo qno JW[ kniw qokndeèjy$ IJW idqoda{ qecokelo m òmaidj ewosmqes eh JW[ qokndeèjy mda qe knm`òdjo eqnos JW[ kelwmdio{hes wsoolidodko ziqnid qno idau{qsy$

IJW idqoda{ qe aoxoèw m zo``lmdmjoa wucìk kelwmdy, mww`yidj qno {qsikqo{q{qmdamsa{ eh Keswesmqo Jexosdmdko qe aoxoèw m {qsedj m{{oq cm{o mda qe lm~ilivo{nmsoneàos xmùo$

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo : Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


8/40

I$ KELWMDY EXOSXIOZ

M$ Cu{ido{{ Wuswe{o, Esjmdivmqied mda [qsukquso

Ilmjido coidj mcò qe hida yeus zmy, id{qmdq`y, mdyznoso id qno zesà, idkùaidj zm`bidj id qno ziàosdo{{ es mdudhmliìms kiqy, asixidj id m kms es dmxijmqidj m cemq$ Es qnidb eh nez zedaoshu` iq zeuà co qe èkmqo m è{q knià idm ksezaoa mlu{olodq wmsb, m kms wmsboa {eloznoso id m lu`qimkso wmsbidj èq es m ko`ù`ms wnedo km`òs idai{qso{{$ Ilmjido coidj mcò qe èkmqo m xmùmcò wmkbmjo è{q id {niwlodq es }uikb`y hidaidj yeus woq qnmq nm{{qsmyoa hsel nelo$ Ilmjido hidaidj yeus M`vnoilos{mhhokqoa èxoaedo zne nm{ zmdaosoa mzmy hsel yeus

nelo es m dus{idj kodqos, kedhu{oa mda hsijnqodoa$

Idqosdmqiedm` Jècm` We{iqiedidj .IJW) nm{ cood hesloa qe o~wèiq qno cu{ido{{ weqodqim` sowso{odqoa cy qno [iSHQokndeèjy, Idk$, nijn wosheslmdko =3knmddo` JW[ {ijdm` wseko{{es$ Qni{ wmqodqoa oòkqsedik kniw, znodwmsqdosoa ziqn m JW[ sokoixos, wsexiao{ m wezoshu` qsmkbossokowqes cu{ido{{ leao` hes {mò{ eh JW[ qsmkbidjmda sokexosy wseaukq{ mda {osxiko{$

Qno Kelwmdy .IJW) w`md{ qe ehhos, hes m ledqn`y {osxiko hoo, m qsmkbidj mda èkmqied iaodqihikmqied {osxiko qeku{qelos{ zne cuy qno Kelwmdy{ wsewsioqmsy wseaukq{, znikn kedqmid qno [iSH JW[ kniw$ Qno kelwmdy w`md{qe ehhos qno Cu{ido{{qeKed{ulos, Cu{ido{{qeCu{ido{{ mda Cu{ido{{qeCu{ido{{qeKed{ulos lmsboq{wseaukq{ {ukn m{ muqeleciò{, hm{niedmcò zmqkno{ mda csmkoòq{, cu{ido{{ wmkbmjidj lmqosim`{ mda eqnoswseaukq{, znikn kedqmid qno [iSH JW[ kniw{oq$ Mdy qnisa wmsqy kedkosdoa mceuq qno {mhoqy es èkmqied eh qnou{osku{qelos, lmy km`` qno IJW [osxiko Kodqos mda, ziqn qno wseaukqied eh m xmìa IA dulcos, sokoixo, id

mwwse~ilmqo`y 1? {okeda{, qno o~mkq èkmqiedzesàziaoeh qno u{osku{qelos zne i{ id we{{o{{ied eh qno[iSH JW[ kniw{oq$

M{ qno so{u`q eh maaiqiedm` aoxoèwlodq, IJW nm{ mk}uisoa qokndeèjy qnmq zi`` m`èz qno kelwmdy qenmxo wmsqim` wmqodq{, hu`` ìkod{idj, kewysijnq mda qsmaolmsb hes qno ilwòlodqmqied eh qno doz aoxiko$

_{idj qni{ doz kniw{oq JW[ qokndeèjy, IJW zi`` nmxo qno mciìqy qe èkmqo m ku{qelos 31 neus{ m amy, : amy{ mzoob$ Qno {ucfokq {ilw`y km``{ m qe`` hsoo >77 dulcos$ Qno kelwmdy zi`` co mcò qe èkmqo qno {ucfokq id ò{{qnmd m liduqo qe ziqnid m hoz hooq eh qno {ucfokq{ mkqum` èkmqied$

Mao}umqo kniw {oq{ zi`` co mxmi`mcò qe looq qno dooa{ eh qno kelwmdy$ Qno ke{q qe qno ku{qelos eh qno ledqn`yqsmkbidj mda lediqesidj {osxiko{ i{ wsefokqoa qe co hsel !==$9? qe !39$9?$

Edo eh qno le{q o~kiqidj mda mjjso{{ixo lmsboq{ qnmq zo nmxo iaodqihioa hes qno IJW qsmkbidjèkmqidjqokndeèjy mda {osxiko{ i{ qno muqeleciò knmddo`$ M{ {qmqoa cy qno Dmqiedm` Id{usmdko Ksilo Cusomu, xonikòqnohq i{ qno ke{qìo{q wsewosqy ksilo id qno _diqoa [qmqo{ ke{qidj ked{ulos{ leso qnmd !: ci`ìed mddum``y$ So{] zi`` wsexiao m som`qilo loqnea hes èkmqidj {qeòd muqeleciò{$

_dìbo kelwoqidj wseaukq{, eus wseaukq ewosmqo{ ziqn ìliqoa so{qsikqied mda aeo{ deq ewosmqo ed m smaiehso}uodky$ So{] I, zi`` deq so}uiso sokoixos{ qe co ziqnid =?77 hooq eh qno {ucfokq kms, qni{ i{ qsu`y, {qmqoehqnomsq qokndeèjy mda wsexiao{ hes m {mqo`ìqo èkmqes{ {y{qol idaikmqidj ceqn kussodq qsmxoìdj {wooa m{ zo`` m{ qnoaisokqied qno kms i{ qsmxoìdj$

IJW i{ m keswesmqied esjmdivoa udaos qno `mz{ eh qno [qmqo eh Doxmam$ Qno Kelwmdy i{ malidi{qosoa hselkeswesmqo ehhiko{ kussodq`y èkmqoa id Wneodi~, Msivedm$ Qno Wso{iaodq eh qno kelwmdy i{ Liknmo` F$ Kebos2 qnoKnioh Hidmdkim` Ehhikos i{ Ci`ìo F$ Ci`` M``soa mda qno [odies Xiko Wso{iaodq eh [mò{ mda Lmsboqidj i{ Azijnq Z$

Fesy$

IJW nm{ soqmidoa qno {osxiko{ eh Dikne`{ mda Kelwmdy, udaos qno aisokqied eh Mqqesdoy Z$ Oazmsa Dikne`{ mdawsefokq ked{u`qmdq [qmdòy S$ Soi``y, qno Knmislmd mda KOE eh Wsefokq Hidmdko M{{ekimqo{, Idk$, md idxo{qlodqcmdbidj hisl$ Dikne`{ mda Kelwmdy nm{ cood soqmidoa qe aoxoèw m wucìk kelwmdy {qsukquso hes Idqosdmqiedm`Jècm` We{iqiedidj$ Qni{ {qsukquso i{ coidj aoxoèwoa mq qno wso{odq qilo mda iq i{ IJW lmdmjolodq{ jem` qeaoxoèw m wucìk lmsboq hes qno kelwmdy{ {qekb coheso qno oda eh qno yoms 377=$

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo > Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


9/40

C$ Keso Qokndeèjy

Qno JW[ keso qokndeèjy zm{ esijidm``y aoxoèwoa mda ezdoa cy Nedoyzo`` Keswesmqied$ [iSH Qokndeèjy,Idk$ eh [iìked Xm`òy id Kmìhesdim wusknm{oa qno qokndeèjy hsel Nedoyzo``$ [iSH nm{ hiòa mda i{ wseqokqoa cy_[ Wmqodq{ +?>9:87? mda ?97==:=$ Eqnos _[ mda Hesoijd wmqodq{ mso wodaidj$

[iSH{qms I Mskniqokquso mda qno [iSH{qmsI%@^ Hmli`y eh JW[ kniw{oq{ mso cm{oa ed qze udi}uo, likse{ivokniw{6 qno J[W%@^6 Nijn wosheslmdko =3knmddo` JW[ {ijdm` wseko{{es KLE[, ;$; xe`q{, @]HW =77 wid kniwmda JSH=%@^6 Idqojsmqoa JW[ SH hsedq oda ziqn md ed kniw XKE mda sohosodko e{ki``mqes, {idjò {qmjo aezd

kedxos{ied, mda cui`qid @DM, Ciwe`ms, @]HW ;3wid$

Qno [ISH kniw homquso{ mda codohiq{ mso6

Homquso Codohiq

=77l{ [dmw@ekb [ijdm`Mk}ui{iqied

Hm{q somk}ui{iqied qilo odmcò cy [iSH{wmsm`ò` mskniqokquso wsexiao{ coqqoswosheslmdko id uscmd kmdyed{$

[dmw[qmsq [qmsq_w We{iqied hi~ mq qno wu{n eh m cuqqed$

Hei`mjo@ekb [ijdm` [od{iqixiqy Ilwsexo{ we{iqiedidj wosheslmdko idec{qsukqoa odxisedlodq{ {ukn m{ aod{oheso{q{ cy wsexiaidj kedqidueu{ {mqo`ìqoqsmkbidj ziqn xosy èz {ijdm`{$

QsikbòWezos mda Wu{n qe Hi~ Wezos {mxidj{ ziqn odnmdkoa wezoslmdmjolodq .m{ èz m{ =?lZ) ilwsexo{cmqqosy ìho mda soauko{ nomq jodosmqied$

[idjò[qmq We{iqiedidj Wsexiao{ leso we{iqied hi~o{ id md uscmdkmdyed es aod{o heìmjo odxisedlodq hesmuqeleciò dmxijmqied mwwìkmqied{$

Aum` Lu`qiwmqn Sofokqied Ilwsexo{ {eùqied mkkusmky id uscmd kmdyedmsom{

Kniw [oq mda [ehqzmso [eùqied Kelwòqo JW[ nmsazmso mda {ehqzmso{eùqied hsel m {idjò {uwwìos$

[iSH{qms II Mskniqokquso cuià{ ed qno nijnwosheslmdko [iSH {qmsI keso, maaidj md mk}ui{iqied mkkoòsmqes,aihhosodqim` JW[ wseko{{es, lu`qiwmqn liqijmqied nmsazmso mda {mqo`ìqoqsmkbidj odjido$ [iSH{qmsII aoìxos{

lmfes maxmdkolodq{ id JW[ wosheslmdko, mkkusmky, idqojsmqied, kelwuqidj wezos mda hò~iciìqy$ [iSH{qmsII i{qno his{q JW[ mskniqokquso ao{ijdoa qe co mxmi`mcò {ilu`qmdoeu{`y m{ m nijn`y idqojsmqoa kniw {oq kedhijusmqiedmda md IW keso$

Qno his{q kniw {oq hmli`y, qno [iSH{qmsIIo, ked{i{q{ eh qno J[W3o nijn`y idqojsmqoa aijiqm` {okqied, JSH3Iidqojsmqoa hsedq oda mda J[Z3o {ehqzmso qnmq wsexiao{ hò~icò {y{qol mskniqokquso hes {qmdamèdj JW[cm{oawseaukq{$ M ?7 LNv MSL:QALI KW_ nm{ {uhhikiodq qnseujnwuq qe {uwwesq o~qod{ixo u{os mwwìkmqied {ehqzmsomda wosiwnosm`{$ Qno idqosdm` {mqo`ìqo {ijdm`qsmkbidj odjido wsexiao{ nijn`y mkkusmqo JW[ lexolodq{ mdaaihhosodqim` kessokqied{ mda oìlidmqo{ qno dooa hes m nijn smqo JW[ idqossuwq$ Qni{ lmbo{ [iSH{qmsII mskniqokqusoqno wsohossoa w`mqhesl hes m ziao xmsioqy eh JW[cm{oa ked{ulos wseaukq{$

[iSH Qokndeèjy, Idk$ i{ qno zesà òmaos id ksomqidj qokndeèjio{ qnmq kedhos èkmqied mzmsodo{{ qe m ziaosmdjo eh ked{ulos wseaukq{$ [iSH{ èkmqiedmzmsodo{{ {eùqied{ mso cm{oa ed qno {mlo qokndeèjyJècm`

We{iqiedidj [y{qol .JW[)u{oa qe juiao qno [wmko [nuqqò, hes o~mlwò$ Ksomqoa cy qno _$[$ liìqmsy, JW[u{o{ ;= {mqo`ìqo{ id esciq mseuda qno omsqn qe qsmd{liq we{iqied idheslmqied qe JW[ sokoixidj mda wseko{{idj{y{qol{, m{ m zmy qe ilwsexo dmxijmqied eh misksmhq, {niw{, li{{iò{ mda {wmkoksmhq$

[iSH kmwiqmìvo{ ed sokodq qokndeèjikm` maxmdkolodq{, wù{ iq{ ezd iddexmqied{, qe lmbo JW[ kmwmciìqio{leso mkkusmqo, mhhesamcò, mda kelwmkq odeujn qe co u{oa id ked{ulos mwwìkmqied{$ Maaiqiedm``y, [iSH{qokndeèjio{ ilwsexo ed {qmdamsa JW[ cy wsexiaidj èkmqied mzmsodo{{ znoso eqnos mwwsemkno{ kmddeq,idkùaidj udaos aod{o heìmjo, id {qoow smxido{ mda id uscmd kmdyed{kiqy {qsooq{ {usseudaoa ed ceqn {iao{cy qm`` cuiàidj{$ Id qno ked{qmdq qod{ied coqzood è{q mda heuda, [iSH{ JW[ {eùqied{ qiw qno eaa{ id hmxes ehcoidj heuda$



10/40

IJW zi`` co uqiìvidj [iSH{ JW[ qokndeèjy hes kosqmid lmsboq mwwìkmqied{ idkùaidj nulmd u{o, qno woq lmsboqmda qno qsmd{wesq mda aoìxosy idau{qsy$ IJW i{ id jeea kelwmdy$ Eqnos lmfes idqosdmqiedm` keswesmqied{ zne msou{idj qno [iSH qokndeèjydeq id kelwoqiqixo msom{mso kelwmdio{ {ukn m{ DQQ AeKeLe, Mi{d MZ mda]um`kell$

[iSH nm{ aoxoèwoa doz jodosmqied JW[ qokndeèjy qnseujn iq{ udi}uo mda wmqodqoa w`mqheslewqilivoaqokndeèjio{ znikn kelcido qe csidj JW[ husqnos idqe qno lmid{qsoml, jixidj leso ked{ulos{ mkko{{ qeaoxiko{ mda mwwìkmqied{ qe hida qnois zmy mseuda es hida qnois èxoa edo{, mdyznoso id qno zesà$

Qno [zihq C= aoìxos{ lmfes maxmdkolodq{ id JW[ wosheslmdko, mkkusmky, idqojsmqied, kelwuqidj wezos mdahò~iciìqy$ IJW zi`` id{qm`` qno [zihq C= JW[ Sokoixos$ Qni{ hido wseaukq zi`` wsexiao qno èkmqidj hudkqied, {oobidjqno [iSH[qms kniw{oq olcoaaoa id qno wseaukq{ qno kelwmdy zi`` {o`` qe oda u{os{$

IJW nm{ cood esjmdivoa qe qmbo maxmdqmjo eh qni{ doz ked{ulos qsmkbidjèkmqied qokndeèjy mda lmdmjolodqo~wokq{ qe co qno his{q id qno lmsboq id qni{ doz qokn idau{qsy qe ehhos md ohhokqixo, mhhesamcò wseaukq$

Qno u{o eh qno [iSH[qmsII mda qno [zihq C= ehhos{ hms jsomqos JW[ wosheslmdko qnseujn asmlmqikm``y odnmdkoamkkusmky mda mxmi`mciìqy eh JW[ {ijdm`{, m{ zo`` m{ m soaukoa kelwuqmqiedm` èma$

Qno keso qokndeèjy, aoxoèwoa cy [iSH mda [zihq, ehhos m jsomq`y odnmdkoa JW[ Odjido$ [elo eh qno codohiq{mso6

=$ Mkkusmky

[iSH{qmsII zi`` odnmdko èkmqied mkkusmky cy md esaos eh lmjdiquaohsel =77 loqos{ qe coqzood 3 mda =?loqos{cy qmbidj maxmdqmjo eh qze uwkelidj JW[ idhsm{qsukquso odnmdkolodq{$ Qno his{q i{ qno Ziao Msom

Mujlodqmqied [y{qol .ZMM[), qno Hoaosm` Mximqied Malidi{qsmqied{ sokodq, kelwsonod{ixo idiqimqixo qeilwsexo mkkusmky mda idqojsiqy eh JW[ {ijdm`{$ ZMM[ zm{ aowèyoa id qno yoms 3777$ Qno {okeda i{ qnoAowmsqlodq eh Qsmd{wesqmqied{ dmqiedm` doqzesb eh jseuda, es comkedcm{oa, aihhosodqim` {qmqied{ km`òa DmqiedmÀihhosodqim` JW[ .DAJW[) qnmq zi`` odnmdko qno o~i{qidj aihhosodqim` doqzesb aowèyoa cy qno _[ Kem{q Jumsa$Hidm``y, [iSH nm{ maaoa lu`qiwmqn liqijmqied nmsazmso qe qno JW[ odjido qe ilwsexo JW[ mkkusmky id kmdyed{mda coqzood cuiàidj{, m homquso ed`y wsoxieu{`y mxmi`mcò id nijnoda JW[ sokoixos{ mda maaed{$

3$ Mxmi`mciìqy

[iSH{qmsIIo nm{ idksom{oa qno {wooa eh qno idiqim` {mqo`ìqo {ijdm` mk}ui{iqied cy m hmkqes eh oijnq qnseujnaoxoèwlodq eh md ilwsexoa {mqo`ìqo {omskn odjido$ Qni{ sowso{odq{ qno hm{qo{q {ijdm` mk}ui{iqied mxmi`mcòqeamy$

;$ Soaukoa Kelwuqmqiedm` @ema

[iSH{qmsII homquso{ m {mqo`ìqo {ijdm`qsmkbidj odjido qe wsexiao kedqidueu{ {ijdm` mk}ui{iqied$ Qni{ odjidowoshesl{ hudkqied{ wsoxieu{`y mkkelwì{noa ziqn {ehqzmso, {ijdihikmdq`y ilwsexidj exosm`` {y{qol wosheslmdko$

Mkkesaidj qe M{nu Wmdao, aisokqes eh wseaukq lmsboqidj mq [iSH, Cy lexidj qni{ hudkqied qe nmsazmso, qno KW_i{ idqossuwqoa 37 qilo{ ò{{ qe woshesl JW[ hudkqied{, m`èzidj qno KW_ qe woshesl eqnos {y{qol qm{b{$

1$ NijnWezosoa Kelwuqo Odjido

[iSH nm{ idkùaoa m ;3ciq, hu``hudkqied, ziao`y {uwwesqoa KW_ edqe qno [iSH{qmsIIo kniw{oq, oìlidmqidj qno

dooa hes mda ke{q eh m {owmsmqo wseko{{es$ Qno KW_ i{ m ;3ciq, ?7LNv MSL wseko{{es, ziqn hu``y 97 woskodq ehqno qnseujnwuq mxmi`mcò hes dedJW[ qm{b{$ Qni{ aoxoèwlodq nm{ no`woa {wooa qe lmsboq duloseu{ ked{ulosmwwìkmqied{ so}uisidj m KW_$

?$ _dwmsm`òòa Idqojsmqied

Id maaiqied qe idkùaidj m KW_ mda nmsa zsiqidj qno {mqo`ìqo {ijdm` qsmkbidj odjido, [iSH{qmsIIo qmbo{ idqojsmqiedoxod husqnos cy maaidj m lojmciq eh lolesy .ASML) ed qno kniw{oq, uw qe oijnq qilo{ leso qnmd i{ ehhosoa cykelwoqiqixo wseaukq{$ Qni{ wsexiao{ lolesy qe woshesl deq ed`y m`` JW[ hudkqied{, cuq m`{e o~qsm lolesy hesu{os mwwìkmqied{$ Hidm``y, md idqojsmqoa IH hi`qos oìlidmqo{ qno dooa qe maa md o~qosdm` hi`qos, husqnos soaukidjkelwedodq keudq mda idksom{idj soìmciìqy$

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo =7 Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


11/40

Zi`` [qsmu{{, wso{iaodq eh Heszmsa Kedkowq{ {my{, Mèdj ziqn iq{ mjjso{{ixo wmsqdos{niw{ id qno le{q wseli{idjJW[ lmsboq{, [iSH nm{, id ed`y m hoz yoms{, no`woa knmdjo JW[ hsel m kelwò~, o~wod{ixo qokndeèjy qe mdmhhesamcò, lmid{qsoml kedkowq ziqn kòms codohiq{ hes ked{ulos{$

Maaiqiedm``y, qno {ukko{{hu` aoxoèwlodq eh lidimqusivoa ko`ù`ms oòkqsedik{ nm{ m`èzoa qno idqojsmqied eh qni{wmqodq wodaidj qokndeèjy idqe qno IJW kniw {oq$ JW[ mèdo kmd co ìliqoa auo qe ec{qsukqied{ mda uscmdkmdyed{$ Qno idqojsmqied eh ko`ù`ms qokndeèjy m`èz{ qno aoxiko qe co èkmqoa oxod idaees{ qnu{ lmbidj qnoIJW aoxiko md ohhokqixo èkmqidj qee`$

K$ Wseaukq{ mda [osxiko{

=$ Wseaukq{


_dìbo kelwoqidj wseaukq{, eus wseaukq ewosmqo{ ziqn ìliqoa so{qsikqied mda aeo{ deq ewosmqo ed m smaiehso}uodky$ So{] I, zi`` deq so}uiso sokoixos{ qe co ziqnid =?77 hooq eh qno {ucfokq kms, qni{ i{ qsu`y, {qmqoehqnomsq qokndeèjy mda wsexiao{ hes m {mqo`ìqo èkmqes{ {y{qol idaikmqidj ceqn kussodq qsmxoìdj {wooa m{ zo`` m{ qnoaisokqied qno kms i{ qsmxoìdj$

IJW{ his{q wseaukq{ mso ked{ulos aoxiko{ lmao hes muqeleciò{, zmqkno{, hido fozo`sy mda woq ke``ms{ mdak`m{w{ qnmq kedqmid qno [iSH kniw {oq qokndeèjy olcoaaoa idqe qno aoxiko$ Qno wseaukq ìdo nm{ cood csmdaoaSo{]$ IJW nm{ kedqsmkqoa euq qno lmduhmkqusidj eh qno wseaukq{$

M`` zmqkno{ zi`` homquso m èkb loknmdi{l ed qno {qsmw, znikn zi`` wsoxodq qno zmqkn hsel coidj solexoa ziqneuqqno u{o eh qno èkb boy$ .[mlwò wseaukq{ i`ù{qsmqoa id qno Mwwodai~ [okqied eh qni{ Cu{ido{{ W`md)$ Deqo6kuqqidj es ai{mcìdj qno èkb loknmdi{l kmd kmu{o qno udiq qe muqelmqikm``y kedqmkq IJW$

Edko m u{os nm{ qno zmqkn mda i{ soji{qosoa hes ledqn`y qsmkbidj, m qnisa wmsqy lmy km`` qno IJW {osxiko kodqos,iaodqihy qno soji{qosoa u{os mda sokoixoa qno u{os{ èkmqied mdyznoso id qno zesà, znikn i{ {osxikoa cy ko`ù`msqoòwnedo{, id mwwse~ilmqo`y 1? {okeda{$

Qno Kelwmdy m`{e w`md{ qe olcoa qno kniw idqe mqqsmkqixo hm{nied csmkoòq{ hes u{o cy qne{o ku{qelos{ znewsohos m csmkoòq qe m zmqkn$ Qno csmkoòq{ zi`` nmxo qno {mlo ke{q mda {mò{ wsiko smqie{ m{ qno zmqkno{$

M{ IJW aoxoèw{ iq{ lmsboq qno kelwmdy zi`` maa wseaukq{ {ukn m{ ke``ms{ es k`m{w{ hes woq{, wmkbmjidj lmqosim`ziqn olcoaaoa kniw{ hes u{o cy aoìxosy kelwmdio{ {ukn m{ _W[ mda Hoaosm` O~wso{{$ Qno kniw{ kmd coèkmqoa id qno wmkbmjo mda solexoa uwed {ijdmquso mkkowqmdko$ Qno kniw{ zi`` kmssy m udi}uo iaodqiqy keao mdakmd co {eà es òm{oa ed m u{o cm{i{ cy qno Kelwmdy qe qno aoìxosy {osxiko{$ Qno èkmqes qsmkbidj dulcos kmdco mkqixmqoa hes m h`mq hoo es wos amy u{o {ilw`y cy km`ìdj m {wokim` qoòwnedo ìdo qe IJW{ ku{qelos {osxikokodqos$

3$ [osxiko{

Edko m ku{qelos nm{ wusknm{oa m wseaukq hsel qno Kelwmdy, qnoy zi`` co jixod m qe`` hsoo wnedo dulcos qe qno

kelwmdy{ So{] Ku{qelos [osxiko Kodqos$ Qno ku{qelos zi`` soji{qos qno wseaukq mda wsexiao wmylodq, cylomd{ eh m knokb es ksoaiq kmsa, hes qno ledqn`y qsmkbidj mda èkmqied {osxiko$

IJW zi`` id{qm`` m lmidhsmlo kelwuqos hes qno {ewni{qikmqoa JW[ qsmkbidj mda èkmqidj qokndeèjy$ QnoKellmda Kodqos zi`` co {qmhhoa ed m qzodqyheus neus, {oxod amy{ m zoob cm{i{ .31%:)$ Kellmda Kodqos {qmhhzi`` illoaimqo`y wseko{{ èkmqied so}uo{q{ hsel {uc{ksicos{ wsexiaidj m xmìa aoxiko IA mda WID$

A$ Soxoduo [eusko{

Qnoso mso qze wsilmsy soxoduo {eusko{6

=$ Wseaukq [mò{

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo == Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


12/40

Qno his{q ìdo eh soxoduo zi`` kelo hsel qno {mò eh muqeleciò aoxiko{, zmqkno{, woq ke``ms{, mda eqnos wseaukq{qnmq kedqmid qno JW[ kniw$ M`` wos{edm` wseaukq{ mso o~wokqoa qe co wsikoa mq !=77 mda wmkbmjo qsmkbos{ mq!=?7 ziqn m !=9$9? ledqn`y lediqesidj hoo$ Qno wsikidj qe qno muqeleciò knmddo` i{ o~wokqoa qe co wsikoa mq!:9? wos udiq ziqn m !==$9? es !=9$9? ledqn`y lediqesidj hoo$

3$ [osxiko{

Qno {okeda lmfes soxoduo {eusko zi`` kelo hsel qno wsexi{ied eh èkmqidjqsmkbidj {osxiko{ qe qno wusknm{os{ eh

qno wseaukq$ M wsefokqoa ledqn`y qsmkbidjèkmqidj hoo eh !==$9? qe !39$9? i{ w`mddoa$ Cm{oa ed m =?/ lmsboqwodoqsmqied mjmid{q qno kniw m`èkmqied, qno kelwmdy keuà jodosmqo jse{{ ledqn`y soxoduo{ eh doms`y !;77li`ìed$

O$ Cu{ido{{ Leao`

Qno Kelwmdy{ cu{ido{{ leao` i{ cm{oa ed lmsboqidj eh JW[odmcòa ked{ulos wseaukq{ {ukn m{ muqeleciòaoxiko{, zmqkno{, csmkoòq{, mda woq ke``ms{$ Qno `msjos {nmso eh mwwesqiedoa lmsboqidj ke{q{ zi`` co qe wseleqoqno kelwmdy{ wseaukq ìdo mda wsekuso qno idiqim` wseaukq {mò$

Qno le{q wsehiqmcò oòlodq eh qno cu{ido{{ leao` i{ qno wsexi{iedidj eh qno ku{qelos qsmkbidjèkmqidj {osxiko{ed m ledqn`y hoo cm{i{$ Edko qno o}uiwlodq mda `mces mso kexosoa qnseujn ledqn`y hoo u{os{, qno ledqn`y hooidkelo i{ wuso wsehiq qe qno Kelwmdy$

Qno kelwmdy{ cu{ido{{ ewwesqudiqy i{ ìliqoa ed`y qe qno dulcos eh kniw{ qnmq kmd co lmduhmkqusoa cy [iSHmda wsexiaoa qe IJW$ Ih qno aolmda hes kniw{ o~kooa{ qno lmduhmkqusos{ kussodq mciìqy, qnod md m`qosdmqomssmdjolodq kmd co lmao ziqn [iSH es mdeqnos kniw wseaukos$

H$ Ezdos{niw

Qnoso mso kussodq`y 38,>?7,777 {nmso{ i{{uoa mda =77,777,777 muqnesivoa id qno kelwmdy$ Qno `msjo{q{nmsoneàos i{ qno LFK Hmli`y Qsu{q$ Qno Kelwmdy i{ kussodq`y ehhosidj {uc{ksiwqied id iq{ {nmso{ qnseujn mSuò ?78 Wsixmqo W`mkolodq eh 1,777,777 {nmso{ eh Kelled [qekb$ [nmsoneàidj i{ {oq euq id qno he`èzidjqmcò6

Dmlo mda Maaso{{ eh[nmsoneàos [nmso{

/ Ezdoa cohesoehhosidj

/ Ezdoa mhqosehhosidj

;Q Hmli`y Idxo{qlodq{, @$@$K$.Hes Liknmo` F$ Kebos) 37,?1?,777 >=$1>/ 89$18/

W$E$ Ce~ 91?8:Wneodi~, MV >?7:7

Azijnq Z$ Fesy =,??7,777 8$78/ ?$37/

3?9? [qosìdj Kiskò@m{ Xojm{, DX >9=37

FFL Ked{u`qidj, Idk$ =,?77,777 ?$>8/ ?$7:/

=?8;1 [euqn 8qn

W`mkoWneodi~, MV >?71>

Dikne`{ mda Kelwmdy @@K =,=77,777 1$17/ ;$:7/

8:77 Zo{q Aesmae Asixo +1=Aodxos, KE >7=3;

Eqnos [nmsoneàos{ .=) =,=:1,;7> 1$?7/ ;$9:/.=) Eqnos [nmsoneàos{ sowso{odq mwwse~ilmqo`y qzo`xo idxo{qes{, olwèyoo{ mda {uwwesqixoidaixiaum`{, le{q ziqn neàidj{ eh ò{{ qnmd ?7,777 {nmso{ omkn$



13/40

II$ LMSBOQ MDM@Y[I[

M$ Ku{qelos Dooa

@ekmqied mzmsodo{{ m{ m ked{ulos cm{oa dooa nm{ jedo lmid{qsoml$ Qno aoxoèwlodq eh jexosdlodq wucìkaelmid {mqo`ìqo{ mda JW[ qokndeèjy nm{ lmao qno ked{ulos mzmso eh qsmkbidjèkmqidj wseaukq{ mda {osxiko{qnmq mso mxmi`mcò mda ohhokqixo$

Qe amqo, qni{ qokndeèjy nm{ cood mxmi`mcò qe kosqmid {ojlodq{ eh qno ked{ulos lmsboq, le{q`y nijnoda muqe

mda lmsido mwwìkmqied{$ Ziqn qno aoxoèwlodq eh [iSH{ doz JW[ kniw{oq mda qno mwwìkmqied eh wseaukq{ {uknm{ JW[ zsi{qzmqkno{ mda woq ke``ms{, nm{ qno ked{ulos{ ao{iso qe nmxo mkko{{ qe qni{ qokndeèjy hesèkmqied%mda es sokexosy eh kniàsod, ai{esiodqmqoa oàos`y, woq{ mda jeea{, zi`` dez co ziao`y mxmi`mcò mdamhhesamc`y wsikoa$

Wos{edm` {okusiqy mda qno wseqokqied eh wos{edm` we{{o{{ied{ mso jsezidj Ku{qelos Dooa{, iaodqihioa, deq ed`yid qno _$[$, cuq m`{e id qno jècm` lmsboqw`mko$ Qno hso}uodky mda ke{q eh ksiloso`mqoa mkqixiqy qe qno ked{ulosnm{ jsezd cy udwsokoaodqoa òxo`{ exos qno wm{q qze aokmao{$

Idaixiaum` ked{ulos{, {lm`` mda loaiul {ivoa cu{ido{{o{ mda oxod `msjo lu`qidmqiedm` keswesmqied{ dooa mèzke{q, ohhokqixo wseaukq mda {osxiko qe wseqokq qnois wos{ed, jeea{ mda hmliìo{$ JW[ i{ md ohhokqixo qsmkbidjèkmqidj qokndeèjy mcò qe èkmqo m u{os ziqnid m smdjo eh qod loqos{ es ò{{$

Ku{qelos{ zne dooa qni{ qywo eh qsmkbidjèkmqidj wseaukq mda {osxiko mso zi`ìdj qe wusknm{o wseaukq{ mda wmyledqn`y qsmkbidjèkmqidj hoo{ ih qno ke{q eh qno wseaukq{ mda qno {osxiko mso mhhesamcò$

C$ Lmsboq Ewwesqudiqy

IJW nm{ md udu{um` lmsboq mda cu{ido{{ ewwesqudiqy$ JW[ wsexiao{ id{qmdq èkmqied idheslmqied u{idj {mqo`ìqo{ijdm`{ qe odmcò u{os{ qe m{kosqmid znoso qnoy mso mdyznoso id qno zesà$ Iq nm{ qno weqodqim` qe no`w woewòziqn m smdjo eh èkmqied{wokihik mkqixiqio{, {ukn m{ hidaidj qnois zmy mseuda, qsmkbidj qnois èxoa edo{ es joqqidjolosjodky m{{i{qmdko$ JW[ kmd dez co olcoaaoa id lmdy ked{ulos mwwìkmqied{ {ukn m{ kms dmxijmqied{y{qol{, ko`ù`ms wnedo{, wesqmcò odqosqmidlodq {y{qol{, WAM{ mda wos{edm`%knià%woq èkmqes{ mda zmqkno{$

Qmbidj maxmdqmjo eh [iSH{ qokndeèjy, IJW zi`` o~wèiq qno ked{ulos lmsboq hes qno u{o eh JW[ zmqkno{,csmkoòq{, woq èkmqes{ mda aoìxosy idau{qsy lmsboq{$

Qno idiqim` lmsboq ewwesqudiqy hes IJW {iq{ mq =77 li`ìed ku{qelos{$

IJW nm{ qno cu{ido{{ ewwesqudiqy eh ehhosidj wusknm{os{ m qsmkbidjèkmqidj {osxiko ed m ledqn`y hoo cm{i{$ Mq=?/ lmsboq wodoqsmqied mda m ledqn`y {osxikolediqesidj hoo eh !==$9? qe !39$9?, qno kelwmdy nm{ ledqn`ysoxoduo weqodqim` eh doms`y =?7 li`ìed ae``ms{$ Cy knmdjidj {elo oòlodq{ id qno kniw{oq, IJW kmd ecqmidmaaiqiedm` lmsboq mwwìkmqied{ hsel [iSH, idksom{idj qno weqodqim` ku{qelos lmsboq$

Le{q JW[ qokndeèjy nm{ cood jomsoa qe xosqikm` lmsboq{ kodqosidj ed wseho{{iedm` mwwìkmqied{ hes JW[, {eidau{qsy aoxoèwoa md idhsm{qsukquso qe {uwwesq cu{ido{{ wsexiaos{ id qno{o msom{$ IJW, u{idj [iSH{ dozked{ulos mwwìkmqied kniw {oq mda w`mqhesl mskniqokquso zi`` o~wèiq qno udqmwwoa lmsboq weqodqim` heslmid{qsoml ked{ulos w`mqhesl{ znoso qno kelwmdy coìoxo{ iq{ JW[ wseaukq{ mda {osxiko{ kmd nmxo qnojsomqo{q ilwmkq$ Qno kelwmdy zi`` m`{e wsexiao m qusdboy JW[ {eùqied hes ked{ulos{ mda csidj qno{o codohiq{qe lmsboq }uikb`y, mq ked{ulosmwwsewsimqo wsiko weidq{$

K$ Lmsboq [ivo mda Jsezqn Hesokm{q

Qno exosm`` lmsboq hes [iSH{ ked{uloscm{oa JW[ qokndeèjio{ i{ ceqn o~qod{ixo mda jsezidj$ Id maaiqied qewsefokqied{ cy lmsboq so{omsknos{ cm{oa ed o~i{qidj qokndeèjio{, [iSH mdqikiwmqo{ qnmq ziqn kedqiduoaiddexmqied{ id iq{ JW[ qokndeèjio{ zi`` kelo ceqn o~wmd{ied eh o~i{qidj lmsboq{ mda qno ewodidj eh odqiso`ydoz msom{$

Qe amqo, qno u{o eh JW[ qokndeèjy id qno ked{ulos hioà nm{ cood qmsjoqoa qe nijnoda muqeleciò mda lmsidodmxijmqied {y{qol{, nijn`y mkkusmqo {usxoyidj o}uiwlodq mda qno qsmkbidj eh leqes xonikò hòoq{, qm~i{, cu{o{mda aoìxosy xonikò{$ Mwwse~ilmqo`y heus li`ìed JW[ {y{qol{ zoso {eà zesàziao id =99>, nm`h eh qnol hesmuqeleciò dmxijmqied mda qsmkbidj$

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo =; Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


14/40

Amqm}uo{q, md idqosdmqiedm` nijnqokndeèjy lmsboq so{omskn hisl, o{qilmqo{ qnmq qno lmsboq hes kms dmxijmqiedmèdo zi`` jsez qe leso qnmd oòxod li`ìed udiq{ cy 377=$ Fmwmd mda Joslmdy òma qno muqe lmsboq hes JW[dmxijmqied {y{qol{$ Qno _[ lmsboq nm{ cood {èz qe aoxoèw auo qe nijn ke{q{ .mceuq !3777 wos xonikò) mda`mkb eh aijiqm` lmw{$ Id =99>, nezoxos, m dulcos eh kms Esijidm` O}uiwlodq Lmduhmkqusos{ .EOL{) id qno _$[${qmsqoa lmbidj dmxijmqied mda olosjodky so{wed{o {y{qol{ {qmdamsa id {elo nijnoda xonikò{, {ukn m{ qnoJL Ed[qms {y{qol hes Kmai``mk$

M`ìoa Cu{ido{{ Idqo`ìjodko, Idk$ .MCI eh Ey{qos Cmy, D$Y$), qno zesà{ òmaidj {uwwìos eh cu{ido{{ idqo`ìjodko

hes lmduhmkqusos{ id qno kelludikmqied{ mda olosjidj qokndeèjy idau{qsio{, wsoaikq{ qno zesàziaokelloskim` .dedliìqmsy) JW[ sokoixos {y{qol{ lmsboq zi`` qsiwò exos qno do~q {i~ yoms{, jsezidj hsel mdo{qilmqoa !1$? ci`ìed id =999 qe doms`y !=1 ci`ìed cy 377?$

Iq i{ ìbo`y qnmq qno `msjo{q xeùlo lmsboq hes JW[ zi`` co iq{ idqojsmqied idqe qno zisoò{{ nmda{oq odxisedlodqmda idqe wseaukq{ hes qno jodosm` ked{ulos lmsboq {ukn m{ zsi{qzmqkno{ mda woq èkmqes{$

@eebidj aoowos, M`ìoa Cu{ido{{ Idqo`ìjodko {odies Mdm`y{q, Ci`` Csiqqed {mia sokodq`y, Sokodq maxmdko{ cyliksekniw wseaukos{ ìbo [iSH Qokndeèjy, Idk$, nmxo soaukoa qno {ivo mda wezos so}uisolodq{ eh JW[sokoixos{ qe m òxo` znoso qnoy kmd co idkeswesmqoa idqe mdy wos{edm` kelludikmqied{ aoxiko$

Csiqqed {qmqo{ husqnos, Qno lmsboq i{ hes nudasoa{ eh li`ìed{ eh RJW[odmcòa\ aoxiko{ exos qno do~q hixo yoms{$Qni{ zi`` asixo kelludikmqied{ mwwìkmqied{ qe m leso qnmd 37 woskodq {nmso cy 377?$

Nmdanoà ked{ulosesiodqmqoa JW[ {y{qol{ mso dez {o`ìdj id qno _$[$ mq ò{{ qnmd !377 mda {qmsqidj qe jmid{ijdihikmdq xeùlo{$ Nezoxos, qno ìliqoa wosheslmdko mda hudkqiedmìqy eh qno{o {y{qol{ so{qsikq qnois lmsboq qe{wokimìvoa u{os{ ed`y$ Ziqn qno doz kniw mda {y{qol mskniqokquso hsel [iSH, IJW coìoxo{ qno lmsboq i{somay mq !=77 wos aoxiko qe o~wèao ziqn ked{ulos idqoso{q$

Cy uqiìvidj qno hò~icò, ke{qohhokqixo kniw {oq, IW mda leau`ms {ehqzmso JW[ {eùqied{ hsel [iSH, IJW zi`` asixoaezd qno ke{q eh JW[ ilwòlodqmqied mda {nesqod qno qilo qe lmsboq$ Ziqn iq{ cu{ido{{ leao`, IJW kmd looqqno ku{qelos dooa{ eh }uikb qiloqelmsboq mda èdjqosl èzo{qke{q {eùqied2 wsoki{o`y znmq qno Ku{qelosDooa wsehiò nm{ idaikmqoa qno ked{ulos lmsboq i{ èebidj qe mk}uiso$

A$ Kelwoqiqied

Qe amqo, qno kelwmdy coìoxo{ iq i{ qno his{q qe mssixo id qno lmsboq ziqn m hudkqiedm`, èzke{q ked{ulosmwwìkmqied eh JW[ mskniqokquso$ Ed Muju{q =8, =999 Bmdzms [nmanm, heudaos mda xiko wso{iaodq eh [iSHQokndeèjy, Idk$, qno kniw{oq wmqodq neàos, mddeudkoa id m wso{{ soòm{o qnmq qno kelwmdy nma odqosoa idqe{wokim` wmsqdos{niw{ ziqn aevod{ eh zesà òmaos{ id ked{ulos aoxiko{, muqe dmxijmqied, zisoò{{ nmdanoà mdaWK w`mqhesl{$ Qno{o wmsqdos{ idkùaoa DQQ AeKeLe, qno zesà{ `msjo{q zisoò{{ kmssios2 Mi{id MZ, edo eh qno`msjo{q dmxijmqied {y{qol {uwwìos{2 ]_M@KELL, m òmaos id idqojsmqoa zisoò{{ amqm kelludikmqied{, mdaeqnos{$ Qno{o wmsqdos{niw{, [nmanm sowesqoa, kelcido qe csidj JW[ husqnos idqe qno lmid{qsoml jixidj lesoked{ulos{ mkko{{ qe aoxiko{ mda mwwìkmqied{ qe hida qnois zmy mseuda es hida qnois èxoa edo{, mdyznoso id qnozesà$

Zniò IJW i{ md oms`y maewqos, eqnos kelwmdio{, {ukn m{ ]_M@KELL zi`` cojid ehhosidj qno [iSHI mda [iSHIImskniqokquso id ko`` wnedo{ mda eqnos nmdanoà aoxiko{$

Edo eqnos kelwmdy, Jècm`Qsmb Idqosdmqiedm` Kesw$ nm{ mddeudkoa, qnseujn qnois Zoc {iqo Jècm`Qsmb$kel,

qnmq qnoy mso aowèyidj m wos{edm` èkmqoqsmkb qokndeèjy u{idj JW[$ Qno wseaukq{ aowikqoa mso ked{iaosmc`y`msjos qnmd qno IJW wseaukq smdjo$ Qno his{q aowèylodq i{ id csmkoòq hesl mda i{ kulcos{elo$ IJW{ mkko{{ qeqno [iSH mskniqokquso odmcò{ IJW qe ehhos JW[ odmcòa wseaukq{ qnmq mso lukn {lm`òs mda kmd co olcoaaoaid zsi{qzmqkno{ mda eqnos {lm`` fozo`sy iqol{$ Qno hmkq qnmq kelwoqiqes{ {ukn m{ Jècm`Qsmb mso {ushmkidjlomd{ qno lmsboq i{ somay hes wos{edm` ked{ulos JW[ aoxiko{$

IJW dooa{ qe lexo }uikb`y qe o{qmcì{n iq{ So{] csmda id qno lmsboqw`mko$ IJW i{ {oobidj qe cokelo qno his{qqe lmsboq qno So{] wseaukq{ ed m `msjo {kmò id qno iaodqihioa lmsboq{$ Kelwoqiqixo kelwmdio{ zi`` msi{o mdaqsy qe kmwquso m kosqmid lmsboq {nmso eh qno weqodqim``y `msjo ked{ulos JW[ lmsboq$



15/40

O$ [u{qmidmcò Kelwoqiqixo Maxmdqmjo

IJW zi`` co qno his{q kelwmdy qe lmsboq JW[ wseaukq{ mda {osxiko{ mq md mhhesamcò idaixiaum` u{os wsiko ziqnked{ulos mwwìkmqied{ cm{oa ed ku{qelos dooa$

Mdeqnos lmfes kelwoqiqixo maxmdqmjo i{ qno [iSH JW[ [eùqied$ [iSH nm{ idkeswesmqoa qno hu`` kelwò~iqy ehJW[ qokndeèjy idqe iq{ [iSH{qms mskniqokquso{, [iSH{qmsI mda [iSH{qjmsII$ Kelled qe ceqn [iSH{qmsmskniqokquso{ mso m dulcos eh qokndeèjio{ miloa mq exoskelidj qokndikm` knm`òdjo{ eh mww`yidj JW[ qeked{ulos mwwìkmqied{$ [iSH{ qze kussodq JW[ wseaukq hmliìo{ kelcidoa ziqn [iSH{ w`mqhesl ewqilivoa

qokndeèjio{, wsexiao ku{qelos{ ziqn qno le{q mwwsewsimqo {eùqied$

Qno idqojsmqied eh wmqodq wodaidj ko`ù`ms qokndeèjy idqe qno IJW kniw {oq {oq{ iq mwmsq hsel qno kelwoqiqied$Eqnos JW[ u{os{ mso ìliqoa cy u{idj JW[ mèdo, znikn kmd co {qsmidoa cy ec{qsukqied{ mda uscmd kmdyed{$Qno IJW aoxiko i{ md ohhokqixo èkmqidj qee` id m`` msom{$

IJW zi`` aoxoèw csmda mzmsodo{{ m{ qno his{q kelwmdy qe ehhos ked{ulos{ wos{edm` èkmqied mzmsodo{{qokndeèjy ziqnid m ziao`y ai{qsicuqoa cu{ido{{ leao`$ Qni{ lmsboq maxmdqmjo zi`` {osxo qe boow qno kelwmdymnoma eh kelwoqiqes{$

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo =? Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


16/40

III$ LMSBOQIDJ W@MD

M$ Idiqim` Qmsjoq Lmsboq{

Qnoso mso lmdy weqodqim` u{os lmsboq{ hes qno IJW ked{ulos JW[ qokndeèjy6 kniàsod, ai{esiodqmqoa es è{qidaixiaum`{, qno woq lmsboq, aoìxosy {osxiko kelwmdio{, qno fuaikim` {y{qol .cmi` mda oms`y fmi` soòm{o lediqesidjwsejsml{), oqk$

Qno kelwmdy nm{ iaodqihioa idiqim` qmsjoq lmsboq{ eh kniàsod, woq{ mda M`vnoilos{ wmqiodq{, muqeleciò qsmkbidj

mda wmkbmjo qsmkbidj$

=$ Muqeleciò{, So{] I


_dìbo kelwoqidj wseaukq{, eus wseaukq ewosmqo{ ziqn ìliqoa so{qsikqied mda aeo{ deq ewosmqo ed m smaiehso}uodky$ So{] I zi`` deq so}uiso sokoixos{ qe co ziqnid =?77 hooq eh qno {ucfokq kms, qni{ i{ qsu`y, {qmqoehqnomsq qokndeèjy mda wsexiao{ hes m {mqo`ìqo èkmqes{ {y{qol idaikmqidj ceqn kussodq qsmxoìdj {wooa m{ zo`` m{ qnoaisokqied qno kms i{ qsmxoìdj$

Wmkbmjo{ mda [osxiko{ Mxmi`mcò6OLOSJODKY [OSXIKO[ WMKBMJO !==$9? wos ledqn[osxiko{ Wsexiaoa6&So{] zi`` èkmqo yeus kms&So{] zi`` qo`` yeu mq znmq {wooa yeus kms i{ qsmxoìdj&So{] zi`` qo`` yeu znmq aisokqied qno kms i{ qsmxoìdj&So{] zi`` qusd ehh qno Ijdiqied, kelwòqo`y ai{mcìdj qno kms, hes illoaimqo sokexosy id qno oxodq eh m aok`msoaolosjodky$

KEDKIOSJO [OSXIKO WMKBMJO !3=$9? wos ledqn[osxiko{ Wsexiaoa6Olosjodky [osxiko{ Wmkbmjo wù{6&So{] zi`` udèkb yeus aees{ {neuà yeu deq nmxo yeus Boy{

&So{] zi`` nedb yeus nesd ih yeu kmddeq hida yeus kms id m wmsbidj èq&So{] zi`` h`m{n yeus ìjnq{ ih yeu kmddeq hida yeus kms mq dijnq&So{] zi`` aowèy olosjodky {osxiko{ ih yeus mis cmj{ mso mkqixmqoa&So{] zi`` jixo yeu id{qsukqied{ qe hida m èkmqied xim wnedo, zniò qsmxoìdj&So{] zi`` wso{qmsq yeus kms ziqn qno aees{ èkboa

3$ Woq{

Mlosikmd{ èxo woq{$ De edo {woda{ leso ed qnois woq{ qnmd ae qno Mlosikmd wucìk$ Oxosyedo zne nm{ oxosezdoa edo bdez{ qnmq aej{, edko mzmy hsel qnois nelo{, ehqod cokelo kedhu{oalmyco m{ m so{u`q eh m{qesl es eqnos qsmulmqik oxodqmda nmxo aihhiku`qy hidaidj qnois zmy nelo$ Kmq{, zniò nmxidj o~ko`òdq nelidjid{qidkq{, ehqod kìlc edqe es idqe qsoo{, cuiàidj{ mda eqnos oaihiko{ mda nmxo qseucò kìlcidj aezd es euq ehqno{o {qsmdjo w`mko{$ Ehqod, m woq biadmwwoa es {qeòd ksomqo{ jsomq md~ioqy qe woq ezdos{ mda qnois hmliìo{

kedkosdoa mceuq qnois woq{ zo`hmso$

Dez, ziqn qno mia eh qno IJW woq qsmkbèkmqo wseaukq, hidaidj è{q woq{ nm{ cood lmao seuqido$ Qno woq i{ hiqqoaziqn m ke``ms es eqnos aoxiko kedqmididj qno [iSH kniw{oq$ Qno{o mwwìkmqied lmqosim`{ mso kuqwseeh$ M kedkosdoawoq ezdos {ilw`y km``{ qno IJW km`` kodqos, wsexiao{ m {okusiqy dulcos, mda ziqnid liduqo{ qno woq i{ èkmqoa$

;$ Kniàsod

Kniàsod mso {ood m{ md iaom` ked{ulos lmsboq hes qno mwwìkmqied eh qno JW[ èkmqiedqsmkbidj qokndeèjy$ Qnozesà qeamy i{ ehqod deq {mho hes kniàsod$ So{wed{icò, kedkosdoa wmsodq{ zi`` so{weda hmxesmc`y qe qnowusknm{o eh md IJW wseaukq mda lediqesidj {osxiko hes ni{ es nos knià$



17/40

Omkn amy mwwse~ilmqo`y 3,;77 kniàsod mso sowesqoa li{{idj, è{q es mcaukqoa$ Oxosy 1 neus{ m knià i{lusaosoa id qno _$[$M$ Qnoso i{ mda mcaukqied mqqolwqoa oxosy =3 {okeda{$ Qnoso mso > li`ìed kedxikqoa kniàleò{qos{ mda {o~ ehhodaos{ semlidj qno {qsooq{ eh Mlosikm$ Edo knià cokelo{ è{q es li{{idj oxosy 13{okeda{ id qno _$[$M$ Mwwse~ilmqo`y = li`ìed Mlosikmd kniàsod zi`` co mcaukqoa, leò{qoa, biadmwwoa, è{q eszi`` sudmzmy qni{ yoms$

IJW nm{ aoxoèwoa qni{ qsmkbidjèkmqidj qokndeèjy2 wso{odqoa id hm{niedmcò zsi{qzmqkno{, qe wseqokq kniàsodhsel leaosd amy wsoamqes{$

Exos >7,777,777 kniàsod ìxo id qno _$[$ udaos qno mjo eh => yoms{$

@ekmqied mzmsodo{{ i{ m hudamlodqm` wsoxodqied qnolo hes qno wseqokqied eh kniàsod$ Qno wusknm{o eh md IJWzmqkn, mèdj ziqn qno {okusiqy eh bdezidj qnmq qno zomsos kmd co heuda id mwwse~ilmqo`y 1? {okeda{, zi`` mwwom`qe wmsodq{ m{ zo`` m{ qe qnois kniàsod$ Ziqn leso qnmd =>7 {qyò{, omkn id uw qe > keès{, qnoso zi`` co m {qyò qnmqqno knià zi`` co wseua qe zoms mda qno wmsodq zi`` co {okuso id qno bdezòajo qnmq, ziqn edo {ilwò wnedo km``,qno knià kmd co èkmqoa$

Qe wsoxodq qno knià hsel solexidj qno zmqkn .znikn kedqmid{ qno JW[ kniw{oq), qnoso i{ m èkb loknmdi{l edqno cmda mda ed`y qno wmsodq esSo{] kmd ewod qno èkb qe solexo qno zmqkn$ Deqo6 kuqqidj es ai{mcìdj qnoèkb loknmdi{l kmd kmu{o qno udiq qe muqelmqikm``y kedqmkq IJW$

1$ M`vnoilos{ Wmqiodq{

Edo o~ko`òdq qmsjoq lmsboq hes qno IJW qsmkbidjèkmqidj qokndeèjy mda {osxiko{ i{ mledj M`vnoilos{Wmqiodq{$ Qni{ aociìqmqidj ai{om{o nm{ kelo qe qno hsedq eh Mlosikm{ {ekim` ked{kiodko {idko qno mddeudkolodqqnmq wm{qWso{iaodq Sedmà Sojmd i{ {uhhosidj M`vnoilos{$

Znoqnos qno wmqiodq ìxo{ ziqn ni{ es nos kniàsod es i{ kedhidoa qe m èdjqosl kmso hmkiìqy, qno wmqiodq ehqodhesjoq{ znoso no es {no i{ mda zmdaos{ mzmy hsel qnois kmsojixos$ Ziqn qno IJW wseaukq id qno hesl eh m zmqkn,csmkoòq es dokb`mko, qno kmsojixos kmd mkko{{ qno IJW km`` kodqos, wsexiao iaodqihikmqied mda sokoixo qnowmqiodq{ èkmqied }uikb`y$

IJW i{ zesbidj ed md mjsoolodq ziqn md id{qiquqiedm` kmsojixos ziqn lu`qiwò èkmqied{ id qno Om{qosd mda[euqnosd {okqied{ eh qno _diqoa [qmqo{ zne nm{ idaikmqoa qnmq znod qno qokndeèjy i{ aowèyoa, qnoy idqoda qewusknm{o uw qe ;77,777 udiq{$

C$ Lmsboqidj Kelludikmqied{

Lmsboqidj zi`` w`my m boy seò id asixidj qno {ukko{{hu` mknioxolodq eh qno Kelwmdy{ keswesmqo ecfokqixo{$ Qnowuswe{o eh qni{ w`md i{ qe wsexiao ceqn m {qsmqojik exosxioz eh nez qe aoxoèw mda lmdmjo eus okelloskoidiqimqixo{ qe mknioxo ceqn eus {nesqqosl {ukko{{, m{ zo`` m{ od{uso eus èdj qosl ximciìqy$ Iq m`{e wsexiao{ m{wokihik qmkqikm`òxo` euqìdo eh nez zo zi`` lmdmjo, csmda mda wseleqo qno IJW, Idk$ keswesmqo iaodqiqy, m{ zo``m{ eus idiqim` qze cu{ido{{ udiq{ mda qnois wseaukq{ qnseujn xmsieu{ lmsboqidj wsejsml{, idkùaidjilwòlodqmqied, wuswe{o, smqiedmò, loqnea eh aoìxosy mda cuajoqmsy juiaoìdo{$ Iq i{ ao{ijdoa qe cokelwsonod{ixo id dmquso qe wsexiao m csema exosxioz eh eus lmsboqidj mkqixiqio{, xosqikm` lmsboq{, qmsjoqmuaiodko{, Idqosdoq lmsboqidj ewwesqudiqio{, {qsmqojik wmsqdos{niw{, {mò{ mda lmsboqidj wsejsml{, ai{qsicuqiedknmddo` {uwwesq so}uisolodq{, kelwoqiqixo hmkqes{, lmsboq kedaiqied{, {qmhh so{eusko{ mda cuajoq m`èkmqied$

Wsejsml{ euqìdoa idkùao6

Keswesmqo We{iqiedidj mda Iaodqiqy Zoc Aoxoèwlodq, Lmsboqidj mda Lmdmjolodq Wseaukq @mudkno{ .zoc{iqo{ mda {y{qol{) Maxosqi{idj edìdo, wsidq mda csemakm{q loaim Wucìk So`mqied{ mda Idxo{qes So`mqied{ Qsmao [nez{ Ke``mqosm` mda [mò{ Wseleqied%[uwwesq Lmqosim` Amqmcm{o%Aisokq Lmsboqidj Knmddo` Lmsboqidj

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo =: Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


18/40

=$ Keswesmqo We{iqiedidj mda Iaodqiqy

Ziqn eus cu{ido{{ idqoso{q{ {osxidj aixos{o lmsboq{, eus knm`òdjo i{ id o{qmcì{nidj mda kelludikmqidjked{i{qodq keswesmqo we{iqiedidj mda csmdaidj hes omkn eh eus idiqimqixo{$ Qnosoheso, ohhokqixo esjmdivmqied,kedqse` mda aowèylodq eh eus keswesmqo lo{{mjo{ mda xi{um`{ mso ksiqikm`$

Id qno okellosko zesà qeamy, csmdaidj i{ m xosy ilwesqmdq kelwedodq eh {ukko{{$ Ziqn qno wòqnesm ehdoz lmsboq odqsmdq{ oxosy amy, oxosy doz lmsboq i{ m qmsjoq hes m ne{q eh doz kelwoqiqes{$ Iq i{ doko{{msy

qe }uikb`y o{qmcì{n mda lmidqmid m {qsedj csmda wso{odko mda kelludikmqo keswesmqo we{iqiedidj$

M{ m ksiqikm` his{q {qow id eus lmsboqidj {qsmqojy, zo zi`` o{qmcì{n {qsedj èje{, lmsb{ mda qmjìdo{ qnmqsowso{odq eus cu{ido{{o{ id m kelwo`ìdj, lolesmcò hm{nied$ Zo zi`` qnod o{qmcì{n jsmwnik {qmdamsa{ qeod{uso ked{i{qodky o{qmcì{n keès wmòqqo, kelwìlodqmsy hedq{, oqk$, mda od{uso mwwsewsimqo òjm`wseqokqied eh qno{o qsmao dmlo{ mda lmsb{ ziqn qsmaolmsb{ mda kewysijnq{$

M`` eh eus keswesmqo lmqosim`{ zi`` sohòkq qno doz keswesmqo iaodqiqy qnmq kelwìlodq{ mda soidhesko{ euswseaukq{, csmdaidj mda ao{isoa woskowqied ziqnid qno lmsboq$ Qe qnmq oda, zo zi`` ksomqo doz èje{ ziqnid mhmli`y{knolo hes qno muqe knmddo`, woq knmddo` mda huquso knmddo`{$

M{ wmsq eh qno keswesmqo iaodqiqy wmkbmjo, zo zi ` wseauko mda wsexiao èje mda wseaukq msq, {oòkqoajsmwnik oòlodq{ mda ìho{qyò ilmjo{, wseaukq mda keswesmqo we{iqiedidj {qmqolodq{, qmjìdo{ mda wnsm{o{

oòkqsedikm``y mda kedxodqiedm``y hes u{o id wsidq, csemakm{q, lu`qiloaim heslmq{$

3$ Zoc Aoxoèwlodq

Qe looq eus so}uisolodq{ mda mknioxo qno ao{isoa òxo` eh xi{iciìqy, kedqodq losknmdai{idj mda {uwwesq, qnoIJW, Idk$, zoc {iqo zi`` dooa m kelwòqo okellosko w`mddidj mda ilwòlodqmqied aekulodq$ Qni{ zi``so}uiso m kelwòqo aoqmiòa hudkqiedm` mdm`y{i{, ao{ijd {wokihikmqied mda kelwòqo aoxoèwlodq eh qno zoc{iqo$ Zniò ceqn hsedq oda ao{ijd mda cmkb oda aoxoèwlodq mda wsejsmllidj zi`` co aedo id neu{o$ Qnow`mddidj wnm{o i{ nijn`y sokellodaoa qe mknioxo qno exosm`` okellosko hudkqiedmìqy so}uisoa hes qno IJWzoc {iqo$ Qno ecfokqixo{ hes qno zoc {iqo mso qe6 Ksomqo m zoc {iqo heudamqied qnmq od{uso{ hò~iciìqy mda o~wmd{ied qe od{uso huquso {ukko{{ Ksomqo m kelwo`ìdj edìdo ilmjo mda we{iqiedidj qnmq mìjd{ ziqn m`` eqnos csmdaidj Odnmdko qno woskoixoa xmùo eh qno IJW wseaukq ìdo{

Wsexiao m {uwwesq {y{qol hes eus soqmi` ku{qelos{ mda knmddo` wmsqdos{ Odnmdko wmsqdos knmddo` soksuiqlodq mda {uwwesq Qijnq`y idqojsmqo qno okellosko mwwìkmqied ziqn qno hsedqoda zoc {iqoQno So}uisolodq{ Aohidiqied zi`` wsexiao md exosm`` ao{ksiwqied eh qno cm{ik so}uisolodq{ hes qnoaoxoèwlodq eh qno doz {iqo$ Qni{ idkùao{ qno mjsoolodq eh eus exosm`` zoc {iqo jem`{ mda loqsik{ mda mkòms udaos{qmdaidj eh nez qni{ so`mqo{ qe ceqn eus cu{ido{{ wseko{{o{ mda eqnos knmddo` csmdaidj, {mò{,{uwwesq mda lmsboqidj mkqixiqio{$

Qno hudkqiedm` mdm`y{i{ ehhos{ {wokihik {qsmqojio{ mda qmkqik{ ao{ijdoa qe looq qno ecfokqixo{ o{qmcì{noa idqno so}uisolodq{ aohidiqied$ Iq wso{odq{ md exosxioz eh edo es leso hudkqiedm` {y{qol{ ao{ijdoa qe looqqno{o jem`{, idkùaidj ilwòlodqmqied ewqied{ mda we{{icò aisokqied{$

;$ Wseaukq @mudkno{

Qno jsomqo{q ewwesqudiqy hes u{ i{ qe {ukko{{hu``y we{iqied, wseleqo mda `mudkn eus doz wseaukq idiqimqixo{ i{qnseujn m kelwsonod{ixo {mò{ mda lmsboqidj wsejsml$ Qni{ zi`` co qno lmfes heku{ hes qno `m{q nm`h eh qni{yoms$ Bdezidj eus ku{qelos mda muaiodko i{ ksiqikm`$ Ked{i{qodky eh lo{{mjo, iaodqiqy mda wuswe{o i{ilwesqmdq qe lmidqmid$

Cm{oa uwed qno kelwò~iqy, qilidj mda {ijdihikmdko eh qno `mudkn, zo zi`` aoxoèw m lmsboqidj `mudkn w`mdznikn idkeswesmqo{ m aoqmiòa {knoauò mda ì{q eh aoìxosmcò{$ Qni{ w`md idkeswesmqo{ m`` wseaukqaoxoèwlodq, aekulodqmqied, {mò{ {uwwesq mda lmsboqidj kelludikmqied{ oòlodq{ idqe md esjmdivoakeno{ixo wsejsml$

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo => Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


19/40

Doz Wseaukq @mudkn Wsejsml Ecfokqixo{6

Od{uso m qilo`y, {ydosji{qik `mudkn wsejsml kelcididj m`` oòlodq{ qe wsexiao m {leeqnidqseaukqied, lidilividj kedhìkq mda kedhu{ied

[ukko{{hu``y idqseauko qno wseaukq qe qno qmsjoq muaiodko{, od{usidj smwia lmsboq maewqied mdamkkowqmdko

Ohhokqixo`y we{iqied qno wseaukq qe qno lmsboq qe smwia`y jodosmqo ku{qelos idqoso{q mda {mò{ òma{ Ohhokqixo`y mddeudko qno wseaukq qe qno cu{ido{{ mda qsmao loaim qe jodosmqo wucìkiqy

Wseaukq @mudkn [qsmqojy

Wseaukq `mudkno{ idqojsmqo m`` wseaukq aoxoèwlodq, ewosmqiedm`, {mò{ mda lmsboqidj hudkqied{ idqe edokeno{ixo kmlwmijd, ao{ijdoa qe mknioxo {idju`ms jem`{ qe od{uso smwia lmsboq sokowqied eh eus zoc{iqo{mda maewqied eh eus wseaukq{ qe mknioxo soxoduo ecfokqixo{$ Qe no`w o~woaiqo wseaukq `mudkn w`mddidj, zonmxo aoxoèwoa m knokbì{q wseko{{ qe {qsomlìdo idqseaukqied{ mda wseaukq odnmdkolodq{, qe od{uso qnmqzo mso ilwòlodqidj m`` so}uisoa mkqixiqio{ zniò wsiesiqividj mda m`èkmqidj .nulmd mda hidmdkim`) so{eusko{mkkesaidj`y$

1$ Maxosqi{idj

Qni{ maxosqi{idj wsejsml euqìdo{ md edìdo mda wsidq loaim maxosqi{idj wsejsml hes eus wseaukq ìdo{ m{mwwsewsimqo$ Iq wsexiao{ m ao{ksiwqied eh m`` mkqixiqio{ idxe`xoa ziqn ilwòlodqidj md mjjso{{ixo keswesmqo

maxosqi{idj wsejsml, wù{ so{omskn, sokellodamqied{ mda smqiedmò qe od{uso qnmq eus maxosqi{idj wsejsmlmknioxo{ qno he`èzidj ecfokqixo{6

Maxosqi{idj Ecfokqixo{

=$ Aoxoèw md idqojsmqoa maxosqi{idj kmlwmijd, kelcididj edìdo mda wsidq maxosqi{idj id idau{qsy qsmao mdacu{ido{{ wucìkmqied{ qe idqseauko, we{iqied mda%es wseleqo eus wseaukq{ qe qnois so{wokqixo qmsjoqmuaiodko{$ Lm~ilivo somkn mda hso}uodky ed {iqo{ mda id loaim qnmq maaso{{ eus qmsjoq muaiodko{ qemknioxo jsomqo{q mzmsodo{{$

3$ _qiìvo maxosqi{idj qe wsexiao qno csema somkn eh kelludikmqied lo{{mjo{ qiloa qe mknioxo {wokihiklmsboqidj ecfokqixo{ id kedfudkqied ziqn m `msjos, idqojsmqoa lmsboqidj wsejsml$

;$ Idksom{o qno dulcos eh }umìhioa {mò{ oma{ sokoixoa xim qoòwnedo mda Idqosdoq {iqo niq{$

1$ Aoxoèw nijn`y ksomqixo maxosqi{idj kmlwmijd xi{um`{ qnmq mqqsmkq{ mqqodqied, kelludikmqo{ eus lo{{mjomda kelwoqiqixo maxmdqmjo, maaso{{o{ qno dooa{ eh qno weqodqim` ku{qelos, jodosmqo{ m so{wed{o mdawsefokq{ m we{iqixo keswesmqo ilmjo$

?$ Aoxoèw m qneseujn loaim oxmùmqied wsejsml qe lom{uso qno so{u`q{ eh eus maxosqi{idj qnseujncodknlmsb {quaio{, òma lmdmjolodq {y{qol{, zoc{iqo mdm`y{i{ mda sowesq{, mda somaos{niw {quaio{$

8$ Ohhokqixo`y u{o losknmdai{idj wsejsml{ qe lm~ilivo lmsboqidj ewwesqudiqio{ qe mknioxo md maaiqiedm`=7/ xmùo ed eus maxosqi{idj idxo{qlodq$

Loaim%Maxosqi{idj [qsmqojy

Qno knm`òdjo ziqn eus maxosqi{idj wsejsml i{ qe lmidqmid m {qsedj {od{o eh keswesmqo iaodqiqy zniòwseleqidj qze aixos{o wseaukq{ qe aixos{o muaiodko{$ Qnosoheso iq i{ ksiqikm` qe o{qmcì{n {elo òxo` ehked{i{qodky ziqnid qno xi{um` we{iqiedidj eh omkn cu{ido{{ udiq$ Eus maxosqi{idj lo{{mjo lu{q somkn mcsema lmsboqw`mko qmsjoqidj {wokihik knmddo`{, qnseujn qno loaim ziqn m kelwo`ìdj wseaukq mda keswesmqolo{{mjo ao{ijdoa qe ksomqo lm~ilul ilwmkq$

Id maaiqied qe jodosmqidj òma{ mda zoc{iqo niq{, edìdo mda wsidq maxosqi{idj kmd co m xiqm` loaim qe }uikb`ymda csema`y kelludikmqo doz wseaukq idheslmqied es {mò{ wseleqied{ jodosmqidj sokejdiqied, mzmsodo{{eh eus csmda dmlo mda wso{odqidj m we{iqixo keswesmqo ilmjo$

Qno boy qe m {ukko{{hu` ma i{ qno xi{um` mwwom`$ Iq lu{q mqqsmkq qno somaos{ mqqodqied$ Ma{ zi`` co ksomqoa qnmqmkkusmqo`y kelludikmqo boy codohiq{, cuq ae {e id md idqoso{qidj zmy qnmq jodosmqo{ idqoso{q mda so{wed{o$



20/40

Qno{o ma{ lu{q m`zmy{ maaso{{ {wokihik idqoso{q{ mda kedkosd{ eh qno muaiodko$ Aoqoslididj nez zo zmdqqe we{iqied eus{o`xo{, nez zo xi{um``y kelludikmqo qno lo{{mjo mda nez qe jodosmqo so{wed{o zi`` co eusknm`òdjo$

Zo zi`` aoxoèw mda lmidqmid m ked{i{qodq èeb mda hoo` qnseujneuq omkn wseaukq{ maxosqi{idj qnmq zi``cokelo sokejdivmcò mda co ked{i{qodq ziqn qno xi{um` we{iqiedidj ksomqoa cy eus zoc {iqo{ mda m`` eqnos{uwwesq lmqosim`{$ Cy ksomqidj md iaodqihimcò keswesmqo èeb zo lm~ilivo eus idxo{qlodq m{ iq soidhesko{ euswe{iqiedidj mda ilmjo, {wmssidj id{qmdq sokejdiqied qnmq cuià{ hsel edo loaiul qe qno do~q .km`òa o}uiqylmsboqidj)$

Exosm``, eus maxosqi{idj w`md lu{q no`w u{ qe mknioxo {wokihik lmsboqidj ecfokqixo{ .{ukn m{ idqseaukidj mdoz wseaukq es zoc {iqo, qmsjoqidj kelwoqiqes wseaukq{%wsejsml{, ksomqidj mzmsodo{{ mda we{iqiedidj,kelludikmqidj qilo`y {mò{ wseleqied{, oqk$) zniò solmididj o~qsolo`y ke{q ohhokqixo$ Qnoso mso {oxosm`zmy{ qe mkkelwì{n qni{6

Aoxoèw md idqojsmqoa maxosqi{idj kedkowq qnmq so`mqo{ qe eus eqnos lmsboqidj mkqixiqio{ {ukn m{ mkeidkiaidj aisokq lmi`, qsmao {nez, qoòlmsboqidj es WS kmlwmijd$

Hìjnqidj eus ma{ qe jseuw qno kmlwmijd{ mseuda {wokihik qilohsmlo{ qe lm~ilivo somkn mdahso}uodky qe m csemaos muaiodko mda soauko kse{{exos$ Qni{ no`w{ u{ od{uso jsomqos wodoqsmqiedmda {mqusmqied eh eus qmsjoq muaiodko mda od{uso qno kelludikmqied eh eus lo{{mjo$ Hìjnq{ msojodosm``y 3; ledqn{ èdj mda qiloa qe ausidj wseaukq `mudkno{, {wokim` wseleqied{ es qsmao {nez{$

[oob euq losknmdai{idj ewwesqudiqio{ qe {qsoqkn eus wseleqiedm` mda so{omskn cuajoq{$ Cy uqiìvidj

losknmdai{idj ewwesqudiqio{, zo kmd o~qoda eus wseleqiedm` cuajoq$ Zo lu{q {oòkq qno wsejsml{le{q codohikim` qe u{ cy mdm`yvidj qnol mda lmbidj ksomqixo {ujjo{qied{$ Zo kmd u{o qno{owsejsml{ qe idksom{o eus o~we{uso, nijnìjnq wseaukq{ id eqnos msom{ es kedaukqidj so{omskn$ [elolosknmdai{idj wsejsml{ idkùao hsoo ì{q{, maaiqiedm` oaiqesim` kexosmjo, codknlmsb es somaos{niw{quaio{, qsmao {nez {wokim`{, oqk$

Ilwòlodq maxosqi{idj ohhokqixodo{{ {quaio{, mdm`yvo zoc {qmqi{qik{ mda qsmkb {mò{ òma{ qeoxmùmqo maxosqi{idj$ Zo kmd aoxoèw codknlmsb so{omskn qe oxmùmqo eus kussodq mzmsodo{{ òxo`{mda qsmkb huquso jsezqn$ Qni{ m`èz{ u{ qe kedaukq he`èzuw so{omskn wosieaikm``y qe lediqes eusmaxosqi{idj*{ ohhokq ed idksom{idj mzmsodo{{, oxmùmqidj somaos*{ woskowqied{ eh eus kelwmdy mdam{{i{q{ u{ id aoqoslididj ih m wucìkmqied i{ qmsjoqidj mkqum` cuyos{ eh eus wseaukq{$

_qiìvo keew maxosqi{idj mda lmsboqidj huda{ qe ehh{oq maxosqi{idj o~wod{o{ mda csemaod qno somkneh eus maxosqi{idj o~we{uso$

Maxosqi{idj Qmkqik{

Zo nmxo iaodqihioa {oxod maxosqi{idj wsejsml ecfokqixo{$ @i{qoa coèz qno{o ecfokqixo{ mda qno so{wokqixoqmkqik{ zo zi`` uqiìvo qe mknioxo qnol$

=$ _qiìvo edìdo mda wsidq maxosqi{idj id idau{qsy qsmao mda cu{ido{{ wucìkmqied{ qe idqseauko,we{iqied mda%es wseleqo eus Idqosdoq zoc {iqo{ qe qnois so{wokqixo qmsjoq muaiodko{$ Lm~ilivo somkn mdahso}uodky ed {iqo{ mda id wucìkmqied{ qnmq maaso{{ eus qmsjoq muaiodko{ qe mknioxo jsomqo{q mzmsodo{{$ Mdm`yvo zoc {iqo {qmqi{qik{ es loaim CWM mda lmsboq so{omskn idheslmqied2 kedaukq so{omskn qe

aoqoslido ku{qelos mda wse{wokqixo somaos{niw nmciq{ Mdm`yvo mda oxmùmqo qno xmsieu{ loaim mda zoc{iqo{ mxmi`mcò qe u{, cm{oa ed m dulcos eh hmkqes{ mda

kelwmsi{ed{ idkùaidj somaos{niw, kisku`mqied, ke{q wos qneu{mda, ke{q wos id{osqied, ke{q wos òma,oaiqesim` kedqodq, id}uisy keudq{, auwìkmqied, ma smqo{ oqk$

Aoxoèw m hò~icò ma w`mkolodq {knoauò mda cuajoq {e iq kmd co leaihioa m{ doz idheslmqiedcokelo{ mxmi`mcò es wsiesiqio{ knmdjo Cojid maxosqi{idj id qmsjoqoa wucìkmqied{, qsmkbidj id}uiso{ mda so{wed{o qnseujn Kìodqoò amqmcm{o

mda qnseujn eus zoc {iqo$ Aoxoèw mda lmidqmid m kelwsonod{ixo loaim biq ` icsmsy mda so{eusko kodqos qe od{uso zo kmd {qmy

kussodq m{ kiskul{qmdko{ knmdjo mda zo dooa qe so{weda$ Qe od{uso m nijn òxo` eh {uwwesq mda {osxiko hsel eus wucìkmqied{, zo zi`` looq ziqn mda aoxoèw

wseho{{iedm` so`mqied{niw{ ziqn wucìkmqied ma {mò{ sowso{odqmqixo{ mda wucì{nos{$ Aoqoslido muaiodko%lmsboq{ qnmq mso cuyidj eus wseaukq{ mda hida loaim mda {iqo {qsedj id qne{o msom{$

3$ _qiìvo maxosqi{idj qe wsexiao qno csema somkn eh kelludikmqied lo{{mjo{ qiloa qe mknioxo {wokihiklmsboqidj ecfokqixo{ id kedfudkqied ziqn m `msjos, idqojsmqoa lmsboqidj wsejsml$



21/40

_qiìvo maxosqi{idj m{ wmsq eh m wseaukq `mudkn mda {mò{ wseleqied kmlwmijd Aoqoslido iaom` w`mkolodq, qilidj mda lo{{mjo eh ma{ Sowsidq maxosqi{olodq{ hes {mò{ qee`{ We{iqied ma{ {oòkqixo`y ziqnid {wokihik so`mqoa oaiqesim` {okqied{ eh m wucìkmqied qe idksom{o somaos{niw

mda so{wed{o

;$ Idksom{o qno dulcos eh }umìhioa {mò{ òma{ sokoixoa xim qoòwnedo mda Zoc {iqo niq{$ Od{uso m`` ma{ nmxo m lom{usmcò km`` qe mkqied Aoxoèw idqosmkqixo Idqosdoq maxosqi{idj Qsmkb {eusko eh km`ìd òma{ mda oxmùmqo zoc qsmhhik hes wsilmsy kìkbqnseujn {eusko{ Ilwòlodq òma lmdmjolodq {y{qol qe qsmkb wusknm{os{ qe esijidmqidj {eusko Ilwòlodq qo{q{ qe aoqoslido le{q ohhokqixo km``{ qe mkqied

1$ Aoxoèw o~kiqidj, ksomqixo, lolesmcò ma{ qnmq mqqsmkq mqqodqied, kelludikmqo eus lo{{mjo mda m {qsedjkelwoqiqixo maxmdqmjo, maaso{{ qno dooa{ eh qno weqodqim` ku{qelos, sohòkq eus ao{isoa keswesmqo ilmjo mdajodosmqo m so{wed{o

_daos{qmda leqixmqidj hmkqes{, woskowqied{ mda conmxies eh {wokihik qmsjoq muaiodko{ qe aoxoèwmwwsewsimqo lo{{mjo{ mda xi{um`{ qnmq zi`` kelwo` qnol qe somkq mda so{weda hmxesmc`y

Od{uso qnmq maxosqi{idj aoxoèwlodq mda wseaukqied qilo i{ idkùaoa id qno wseaukq `mudkn {knoauò Aoxoèw maxosqi{idj w`mddidj zesb{nooq{ hes m`` maxosqi{olodq{

?$ Aoxoèw m qneseujn loaim oxmùmqied wsejsml qe lom{uso qno so{u`q{ eh eus maxosqi{idj qnseujn codknlmsb{quaio{ òma lmdmjolodq {y{qol mdm`y{i{ mda sowesq{ mda somaos{niw {quaio{$

Kelwòqo qnsoo ku{qel lmsboq so{omskn {quaio{ id keewosmqied ziqn eus boy qsmao loaim .Codknlmsb,Csmda Wsohosodko, Lmsboq [ivo)$

Mdm`yvo so{u`q{ eh zoc qsmhhik mda òma lmdmjolodq {quaio{ ed m ledqn`y cm{i{ mda mafu{q eus ma{knoauò idkeswesmqo qni{ amqm$

Wmsqikiwmqo id maxosqi{idj ohhokqixodo{{ mda somaos{niw {quaio{ znodoxos we{{icò$

8$ Ohhokqixo`y uqiìvo loaim mda zoc {iqo losknmdai{idj wsejsml{ qe lm~ilivo lmsboqidj ewwesqudiqio{ qemknioxo md maaiqiedm` =7/ xmùo ed eus maxosqi{idj idxo{qlodq$

Aoxoèw {qsmqojik so`mqied{niw{ hes sokiwsekm` mssmdjolodq{ ziqn boy edìdo wmsqdos{ Aoxoèw losknmdai{idj w`md hes omkn loaiul, iaodqihyidj {wokihik idkodqixo{ mda codohiq{ .i$o$ ì{q sodqm`,

hsoo sowsidq{, so{omskn, oqk$) qnmq mso mxmi`mcò hsoo eh knmsjo hes maxosqi{os{$ Keesaidmqo ziqn loaim sowso{odqmqixo{ qe ilwòlodq losknmdai{idj wsejsml{ ziqnid {wokihioa

qilohsmlo{$ Aoxoèw losknmdai{idj wsejsml{ ziqn xodaes{ mda edìdo ai{qsicuqied wmsqdos{

Loaim So{omskn mda Loqneaeèjy6

Hmkqes{ u{oa id loaim {oòkqied6 [oxosm` boy hmkqes{ zi`` co qmbod idqe ked{iaosmqied znod aoqoslididjznikn edìdo {iqo{ mda wsidq loaim zeuà co co{q {uiqoa qe mknioxo qno loaim ecfokqixo{$ Qno{o hmkqes{idkùao6

]umìhioa Muaiodko Ke{q eh ma W`mkolodq mxmi`mciìqy Ke{q Wos Qneu{mda .KWL) Ke{q wos Kìkb Kelwoqiqixo Odxisedlodq Auwìkmqied eh Kisku`mqied%Muaiodko Oaiqesim`%Kedqodq Odxisedlodq Mxmi`mciìqy eh So{wed{o Loknmdi{l Mxmi`mciìqy eh So{wed{o Qsmkbidj Id}uisy Keudq{%Zoc {iqo niq{ Losknmdai{idj Ewwesqudiqio{

?$ Wucìk So`mqied{

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo 3= Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


22/40

Wucìk so`mqied{ i{ m xiqm` qee` hes ilwòlodqidj keswesmqo, {mò{ mda lmsboqidj {qsmqojio{$ Iq i{ qno wseko{{ ehedjeidj kelludikmqied coqzood qno kelwmdy mda iq{ boy #wucìk{# .oda u{os{, ku{qelos{, ai{qsicuqes{,mdm`y{q{ .hidmdkim` mda qokndeèjy), olwèyoo{ mda {nmsoneàos{) qnseujn qno edìdo, wsidq mda csemakm{qloaim$ Oaiqesim` kexosmjo w`mkoa cy wucìk so`mqied{ mkqixiqio{ i{ woskoixoa cy qno somaos es muaiodko qe co mdecfokqixo xiozweidq m qnisa wmsqy odaes{olodq eh m kelwmdy es iq{ wseaukq{$ Qnosoheso iq i{ ksukim` id cuiàidjeus ksoaiciìqy mda ilmjo$ Qno wuswe{o eh ohhokqixo wucìk so`mqied{ id eus keswesmqo lmsboqidj li~ i{ heusheà6

=$ Wucìkivo mda wseleqo IJW, Idk$ mda iq*{ wseaukq{.IDKSOM[O [M@O[)

3$ Aihhosodqimqo qno Kelwmdy hsel eus kelwoqiqied.O[QMC@I[N WE[IQIEDIDJ)

;$ Odnmdko qno ksoaiciìqy, sowuqmqied mda woskowqied eh qno Kelwmdy.C_I@A QNO CSMDA)

1$ Od{uso m ked{i{qodq òxo` eh xi{iciìqy mda o~we{uso.KSOMQO MZMSODO[[)

Loaim So`mqied{ i{ m lomd{ cy znikn zo wos{umao idqosloaimqo{ mda jmqoboowos{, {ukn m{ zsiqos{, oaiqes{,mdm`y{q{, oqk$, qe wm{{ ed eus kelwmdy{ lo{{mjo qe eus ao{isoa qmsjoq muaiodko, {ukn m{ weqodqim` ku{qelos{es idxo{qes{$ Zniò qno wsilmsy jem` qe co mkkelwì{noa cy WS i{ èdjqosl, illoaimqo {nesqqosl codohiq{ zi``smwia`y cokelo oxiaodq$ Wucìk So`mqied{ kmd {uwwesq qno {mò eh eus wseaukq{ cy we{iqiedidj IJW, Idk$ id m zmyznikn {oq{ iq mwmsq hsel eqnos {uwwìos{, mda iaodqihio{ m we{iqixo {oq eh mqqsicuqo{ cy znikn zo mso sokejdivoa$

Cokmu{o #woskowqied i{ somìqy, WS kmd co u{oa qe {nmwo woskowqied{ id m codohikim` lmddos$ Id qno o~qsolo`y

kelwoqiqixo odxisedlodq id znikn zo ewosmqo, ksoaiciìqy i{ m boy hmkqes id qno aoki{ied lmbidj wseko{{$Ksoaiciìqy i{ deq ksomqoa {eò`y cy wucìk so`mqied{ es mdy eqnos idaixiaum` lmsboqidj mkqixiqy$ Iq o~i{q{ cm{oa edxmsieu{ idqmdjicò{ {ukn m{ wm{q wosheslmdko, {osxiko, }umìqy, sowuqmqied mda woskowqied M`` eh znikn kmd coidhùodkoa, odnmdkoa mda o~wmdaoa uwed cy m lu`qiòxo` wucìk so`mqied{ wsejsml$

Wucìk So`mqied{ Ecfokqixo{

M{ m xiqm` qee` id kelludikmqidj keswesmqo {qsmqojy, qno wsilmsy wuswe{o hes uqiìvidj wucìk so`mqied{ i{ qemkkelwì{n qno he`èzidj ecfokqixo{6

O{qmcì{n {qsedj òmaos{niw we{iqiedidj hes IJW, Idk$ mda eus wseaukq{ Ohhokqixo`y kelludikmqo doz wseaukq idheslmqied, wseaukq we{iqiedidj mda keswesmqo {qsmqojio{ qe eus

qmsjoq muaiodko{ We{iqied IJW, Idk$ m{ qno òmaidj wsexiaos id {qeòd xonikò es è{q woq sokexosy qokndeèjy$ Jodosmqo loaim o~we{uso eh eus lmdmjolodq qoml, we{iqiedidj qnol m{ òmaos{ mda qokndeèjy

iddexmqes{ Mknioxo {uc{qmdqim` dmqiedm` wso{{ o~we{uso hes IJW, Idk$ mda eus wseaukq{ qe smi{o eus xi{iciìqy,

odmcìdj u{ qe jmid ksoaiciìqy mda douqsmìvo eus kelwoqiqes{$ Wsemkqixo`y ku`qixmqo m we{iqixo so`mqied{niw ziqn edìdo, wsidq mda csemakm{q qsmao mda cu{ido{{ loaim,

mda hidmdkim` mda idau{qsy mdm`y{q{ qe jodosmqo idqoso{q id eus wseaukq{ mda kelwmdy Soidhesko eus keswesmqo li{{ied, jem`{ mda xmùo{ cy kedqidum``y mda ked{i{qodq`y kelludikmqidj qnmq

lo{{mjo qnseujn m`` mxmi`mcò loaim$

Wucìk So`mqied{ [qsmqojy

Eus wucìk so`mqied{ {qsmqojy zi`` co kelwsi{oa eh m kelwsonod{ixo loaim so`mqied{ mda kelludikmqied{wsejsml$ Zo zi`` o{qmcì{n md #ulcso``m# wsejsml, wù{ ilwòlodq m {osio{ eh mjjso{{ixo wucìkiqy kmlwmijd{

idaixiaum``y qmsjoqoa qe keidkiao ziqn {wokihik doz{ .{ijdihikmdq {qsmqojik wmsqdos{niw{), oxodq{ .{ukn m{ qsmao{nez{) mda wseaukq mda zoc{iqo `mudkno{$ Zo kmd u{o wucìk so`mqied{ m{ m wsilmsy loqnea eh kelludikmqidjdoz{ mda idheslmqied qe eus qmsjoq muaiodko{ qnseujn edìdo, qsmao, cu{ido{{ mda csemakm{q loaim, mdaidau{qsy mda hidmdkim` mdm`y{q{$

Wucìk So`mqied{ Qmkqik{

Aoxoèw Loaim So`mqied{ WsejsmlAoxoèw so`mqied{niw{ ziqn boy edìdo mda ehhìdo qsmao, cu{ido{{ mda ked{ulos loaimKedaukq qoòwnedo idqosxioz{Keesaidmqo mddum` es {olimddum` loaim qeus{



23/40

Jodosmqo Loaim KexosmjoWus{uo wseaukq soxioz{ mda #Qo{q Asixo{#Heku{ ed edìdo loaim mda {ydaikmqoa keùldi{q{ hes qmsjoqoa idiqimqixo{ .{ukn m{ qno WIM)[ucliq idheslmqied hes cuyos{ juiao{%aisokqesio{Lmdmjo qsmao mda cu{ido{{ oaiqesim` kmòdamsWus{uo Wseaukq eh qno Yoms Mzmsa{

Ksomqo Ewwesqudiqio{ hes Cy@idoa Msqikò{Iaodqihy weqodqim` muqnes{, qewik{ mda kelwe{o wiqkn òqqos{

Kedqmkq loaim hes msqikò ewwesqudiqio{Wucì{n mda we{q zniqo wmwos{ ed eus zoc{iqo{

Ai{qsicuqo Doz{ Soòm{o{Ksomqo mda Lmdmjo Doz{ Soòm{o Kmòdams qe od{uso m nijn hso}uodky eh doz{ coidj kelludikmqoaLmdmjo Ziso [osxiko Ai{qsicuqied eh Doz{O{qmcì{n Olmi` C`m{q Ai{qsicuqied

Aoxoèw [ojlodqoa Loaim Kedqmkq Amqmcm{oEdìdo LoaimDmqiedm` Qsmao mda Cu{ido{{ Wso{{@ekm` Loaim

Xosqikm` Lmsboq LoaimKed{ulos LoaimQmsjoq Loaim

O{qmcì{n Keswesmqo [webo{wos{ed{ mda Idau{qsy O~wosq{Aoxoèw cie{Aoxoèw mc{qsmkq{ mda wus{uo {wombidj ewwesqudiqio{

Aoxoèw Mwwsewsimqo Wso{{ Lmqosim`{Wso{{ soòm{o{Wneqejsmwnik ilmjo{, èje mda eqnos oòkqsedik msqzesbKeswesmqo Wsehiò, Hmkq [nooq{ ( QiloìdoKu{qelos qo{qiledim`{ mda sohosodko{O~okuqixo cie{ mda noma{neq{Oòkqsedik loaim biq .WAH mda NQL@ heslmq{)

Ksomqo Wso{{, Doz{ mda Idxo{qes {okqied{ ed omkn zoc {iqoWe{q doz{ soòm{o{Wsexiao keswesmqo idheslmqiedWsexiao oòkqsedik msq mda aezdèmamcò hiò{We{q ed m`` {omskn odjido{ mda uqiìvo mwwsewsimqo boyzesa {omskno{

Id{qiquqo WS Mkqixiqio{ idqe Wseaukq @mudkno{Aoxoèw wucìk`y w`md{ m{ wmsq eh Wseaukq es Zoc{iqo @mudkn W`md{Aoxoèw mda kelludikmqo wseaukqwe{iqiedidj {qmqolodq{Keesaidmqo wsomddeudkolodq w`mddidj m{ mwwsewsimqo udaos DAMWso{{ mddeudkolodq, wso{{ qeus{, oqk$

Lom{uso WSjodosmqoa òma{ mda zoc{iqo qsmhhik

O{qmcì{n Ohhokqixo Idqosdm` .Keswesmqo) Kelludikmqied{Ksomqo mda ai{qsicuqo Lmsboq Zmqkn cidaos{Idqsmdoq Id{iao @idoAoxoèw keswesmqo lu`qiloaim wso{odqmqied{

Lmidqodmdko Mkqixiqio{Lmidqmid Wneqejsmwny mda msq hiò{Doz{ Soòm{o cidaosKìwwidj [osxikoCu{ido{{ Ziso Wsehiò

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo 3; Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


24/40

Zoc [iqo{

Loaim%Wso{{ So`mqied{ Wsejsml

Qno wsilmsy wucìk so`mqied{ heku{ i{ qe idksom{o mzmsodo{{ mda we{iqied IJW, Idk$ hmxesmc`y qe qno loaim mdamdm`y{q{, zne zi`` id qusd, kelludikmqo eus lo{{mjo qe eus qmsjoq muaiodko{$ Qni{ zi`` co mkkelwì{noa id qnsoo{qmjo{6

Idqseaukqied

Mhqos iaodqihyidj m qmsjoqoa ì{q eh 37;7 boy wso{{ kedqmkq{ .wos knmddo`), qno idqseaukqied {qmjo zi`` cojid id{oxosm` zmy{6 qnseujn wos{edm` kedqmkq mq qsmao {nez{ mda loaim qeus{2 kedqmkq qnol xim qno qoòwnedo, olmi`{, wso{{ soòm{o{, wso{{ biq{ mda so{wedaidj qe oaiqesim` so}uo{q{$

Aoxoèw So`mqied{niw

Zo zi`` aoxoèw qno so`mqied{niw cy lmidqmididj hso}uodq qoòwnedo, olmi` mda zsiqqod kedqmkq$ M`` kedqmkq lu{qco xosy qmsjoqoa mq qnmq idaixiaum`*{ msom eh idqoso{q$ Mq qni{ weidq qno wos{edmìqy eh qno idaixiaum`{ kelo{ idqew`my qe m `msjo aojsoo$ Qnoy qmbo qnois #jmqoboowos# seò{ {osieu{`y mda qni{ lu{q co so{wokqoa$ Cy qmbidj mdidqoso{q mda òmsdidj mceuq qnois {wokihik oaiqesim` so{wed{iciìqio{, zo kmd qmsjoq eus lo{{mjo leso mkkusmqo`y$Aomaìdo{ mda wselwq so{wed{o qe lmqosim` so}uo{q{, qoòwnedo km``{, mda {knoauòa mwweidqlodq{ lu{q coloq mda udaos{qeea$ Znodoxos we{{icò, kelwmdy {webo{wos{ed{ {neuà co mkko{{icò qe qno wso{{$ Wsiesiqy

lu{q co jixod qe mkkowqidj km``{ hsel qnol$

Dusquso So`mqied{niw{

Eus u`qilmqo ecfokqixo znod aomìdj ziqn qno loaim i{ qe aoxoèw m èdjqosl so`mqied{niw$ Zo lu{q we{iqiedIJW, Idk$, id qnois oyo{, qe co m òmaos id qno idau{qsy, m wseho{{iedm`, sowuqmcò mda ksoaicò esjmdivmqied ziqnjeea wseaukq{ qnmq looq qno dooa{ eh qno lmsboqw`mko$ M{ qni{ woskowqied aoxoèw{ mda qno wseho{{iedm`so`mqied{niw i{ odnmdkoa, qno wso{{ zi`` cojid kedqmkqidj IJW, Idk$ m{ qnoy hida qnoy dooa idheslmqied$ Mda znodqnoy sokoixo eus doz{ soòm{o{, qnoy zi`` co lukn leso sokowqixo qe suddidj qnol mda%es zsiqidj msqikò{ mceuqIJW, Idk$

Iq i{ ksukim` qe dusquso o{qmcì{noa so`mqied{niw{$ Hso}uodq kelludikmqied zi`` doq kedqiduoa idqoso{q id qnokelwmdy mda ked{o}uodq`y, kexosmjo id qnois wucìkmqied{$ Zsiqos{ ìbo qe idkùao }ueqo{ id qnois {qesio{ qe {nezaihhosodq wos{wokqixo{ es xmìamqo md m{{ulwqied es joq ewidied{ ed kedqsexos{im` i{{uo{$ Qnoy zi`` hoo` lesokelhesqmcò kedqmkqidj md idau{qsy o~wosq, wso{iaodq eh qno kelwmdy es wucìk so`mqied{ wos{ed qnoy msokelhesqmcò mda hmliìms ziqn$

Loaim Idqosxioz{

Zo zi`` mkqixo`y {eìkiq ceqn qoòwnedo mda idwos{ed idqosxioz{ cy qno loaim hes idkù{ied id qilo`y oaiqesim`$

Feusdmì{q{ ehqod wsohos qe {womb aisokq`y qe qew kelwmdy o~okuqixo{ mda qokndeèjy o~wosq{ qe ecqmididheslmqied mda aisokq }ueqo{$ Qno{o idqosxioz{ mso iaom` cokmu{o qnoy no`w qno feusdmì{q m{{ekimqo mwos{edmìqy ziqn m wseaukq mda òda m wos{edm` qeukn qe qno doz{ coidj kexosoa$ [ukn idqosxioz{ m`{e no`w qeo{qmcì{n ksoaiciìqy mda jeea smwwesq ziqn qno wso{{$ M{ feusdmì{q{ zesb ed qnois soju`ms m{{ijdlodq{, qnoyehqod dooa idheslmqied, znoqnos iq i{ md ewidied ed md i{{uo es idheslmqied ed eus wseaukq{ es kelwmdy$Qoòwnedo idqosxioz{ zi`` co wus{uoa ed m hso}uodq cm{i{$

Ewwesqudiqio{ qe ae qni{ idkùao6 Kellodqidj ed lmsboq qsoda{ mda knmdjo{ Kedqmkqidj qnol sojmsaidj wseaukq soxioz{ He`èzuw ed oaiqesim` kmòdams homquso{ He`èzidjuw mhqos doz{ soòm{o{ mso {odq He`èzuw mhqos md oaiqesim` wiqkn i{ lmao Kedqmkq sojmsaidj {knoauòa oaiqesim` Kedqmkq qnol qe idhesl qnol eh Keswesmqo doz{ Idhesl qnol eh doz wseaukq{ Idhesl eh wseaukq{ qe idkùao id oaiqesim`



25/40

Coheso mda mhqos m qsmao {nez mddeudkolodq

Qno{o idqosxioz{ mso qmbod cy qno Wso{iaodq, KOE es md o~okuqixo ziqn o~wosqi{o id qni{ msom, cuq {knoauòa mdawsekqesoa cy qno lmsboqidj aowmsqlodq qe od{uso ked{i{qodky eh idheslmqied kelludikmqoa mda qe wsexiaodoko{{msy he`èzuw lmqosim`{$ _daos de kiskul{qmdko{ {neuà IJW, Idk$ olwèyoo{ ai{ku{{ kelwmdy cu{ido{{ziqn lolcos{ eh qno wso{{ ziqneuq wsies mwwsexm` hsel qno O~okuqixo Lmdmjolodq qoml$

Loaim Qeus{

Eus jem` zi`` co qe kedaukq edo es qze {ukko{{hu` loaim qeus{ mddum``y hes boy IJW, Idk$ o~okuqixo{ qe cuiàwos{edm` smwwesq ziqn qno loaim mda mdm`y{q{, kelludikmqo eus cu{ido{{ {qsmqojy mda qe aoled{qsmqo dozwseaukq{$ Zo zi`` looq ziqn lolcos{ eh qno wso{{ id boy loqseweìqmd lmsboq{, wsilmsi`y [md Hsmdki{ke, @e{

Mdjoò{, Doz Yesb mda Ce{qed$ Qno heku{ mda aisokqied eh qno looqidj{ zi`` co ed zne zo mso, znmq euswe{iqiedidj i{ mda eus wseaukq{$ Zo zi`` aoled{qsmqo eus dozo{q mda co{q wseaukq{ mda ai{ku{{ qno {qsmqojikaisokqied eh IJW, Idk$

M loaim qeus zi ` {osxo qe ewod uw qno knmddo`{ eh kelludikmqied ziqn loaim kedqmkq{ mda odnmdko eusso`mqied{niw ziqn boy idau{qsy idaixiaum`{$ Zo zi`` he`èzuw qno qeus{ ziqn wos{edm` kedqmkq ed m ledqn`y cm{i{ cyqoòwnedo mda cy ked{i{qodq`y wsexiaidj mkkusmqo wso{{ soòm{o{ mda doz wseaukq idheslmqied qe qnol$

Qno {ukko{{ eh qno loaim qeus{ zi`` co aoqoslidoa cy qno òxo` eh qno so`mqied{niw qnmq i{ aoxoèwoa ziqn qno{oidaixiaum`{ mda qno wso{{ jodosmqoa cokmu{o eh iq$ Ih qnoy kedqiduo qe co sokowqixo qe IJW, Idk$ mda eus wseaukq{,

iq zi`` so{u`q id qno kedqidum` wikbuw eh wso{{ soòm{o idheslmqied qnmq i{ {odq$ Iaom``y, qno{o woewò zi`` cojidkedqmkqidj u{, m{ qnoy dooa idheslmqied id eus msom eh o~wosqi{o$

Qno idxo{qlodq id qno loaim qeus wsejsml i{ doko{{msy qe idksom{o IJW, Idk$*{ xi{iciìqy qe qno wso{{$ Iq `my{ qnojseudazesb hes m`` huquso wso{{ so`mqied{ qnmq mso qe qmbo w`mko$ Iq zi`` ilwsexo qno we{{iciìqy eh coidj qmbod{osieu{`y cy qno wso{{ mda eus wso{{ soòm{o{ mso ìbo`y qe sokoixo leso mqqodqied$ Edko qnoy bdez zne zo mso,qnoy mso leso ìbo`y qe wsidq idheslmqied mceuq u{ mda hoo` leso kelhesqmcò kedqmkqidj u{ {neuà qnoy so}uisowseaukq es idau{qsy idheslmqied mceuq m {qesy ed znikn qnoy mso zesbidj$ Zo zi`` ilwsexo qno qsu{q òxo` mdacokelo leso coìoxmcò$

Idkù{ied eh boy cu{ido{{ wso{{ zi`` co ilwesqmdq hes jodosmqidj hidmdkim` wso{{ kexosmjo m{ zo``$ Zo dooa qewsewos`y kelludikmqo eus keswesmqo lo{{mjo mda `my qno jseudazesb hes ohhokqixo idxo{qes%mdm`y{q so`mqied{$Idheslidj qno{o boy jseuw{ eh zsiqos{ mda oaiqes{ kmd we{iqixo`y ilwmkq qno xmùo eh eus {qekb cy jodosmqidjwso{{ kexosmjo qnmq ksomqo{ lelodqul$ Zo kmd ai{ku{{ csemasmdjo idau{qsy i{{uo{, znikn zi`` co ilwesqmdq qeqno idau{qsy mq `msjo$ Boy kelwmdy hijuso{ zi`` co wmsq eh qno wso{{ qeus$

Jodosmqidj Wso{{ Kexosmjo eh IJW, IDK$

Wso{{ kexosmjo, znoqnos m wseaukq soxioz, keswesmqo homquso {qesy es lodqied id m csemaos msqikò, kmd no`w u{jmid m {uc{qmdqim` kelwoqiqixo maxmdqmjo$ Kedxos{o`y, eli{{ied eh qno kelwmdy*{ wseaukq{ id m soòxmdq {qesy,seudauw es cuyos{ juiao nm{ md maxos{o mhhokq$ Zniò eli{{ied{ kmd mda ae ekkus, {idko oaiqes{ msoexoszno`loa mda kelwoqiqied hes loaim mqqodqied i{ idqod{o, zo zi`` wus{uo oxosy we{{icò ewwesqudiqy qe solmidnijn`y xi{icò$

Wseaukq Soxioz{

Wseaukq Soxioz{ mso md ilwesqmdq {eusko eh idheslmqied hes eus muaiodko mda hes u{$ Heku{oa wseaukq homquso{

kmd jixo u{ m {ijdihikmdq kelwoqiqixo oajo, m`qneujn qno{o qywo{ eh soxioz{ mda qo{q asixo{ mso cokelidjidksom{idj`y aihhiku`q qe sokoixo$ Zo zi`` uqiìvo qno kelwuqos qsmao, aoxoèwidj kedqmkq{ qnoso, m{ zo`` m{ wus{uodoz kedqmkq{ ziqn cu{ido{{ oaiqes{ qe {eìkiq soxioz{$ Oaiqesim` wiqkno{ zi`` co lmao id kedfudkqied ziqn qnowucìkmqied{ oaiqesim` {knoauò{$ Id maaiqied, {wedqmdoeu{ soxioz{ kmd m`{e ekkus uwed md ud{eìkiqoa so}uo{qhsel md oaiqes$ Soju`ms he`èzuw km``{ mda kedqmkq i{ so}uisoa hsel odjidoosidj mda qokndikm` {osxiko{ qe m{{usoqno oxmùmqes sokoixo{ mao}umqo {uwwesq mda nm{ m we{iqixo o~wosiodko ziqn qno wseaukq$

M{ qno{o soxioz{ ekkus, zo zi`` mssmdjo hes sowsidq{ eh qno msqikò{ qe co wucì{noa mda ai{qsicuqoa qe eus aomòs{mda ai{qsicuqes{ m{ zo`` m{ wse{wokqixo oda u{os{$ [wokim` msqzesb, wseaukq aoqmi`{ es eqnos idheslmqied lmy comaaoa qe qno sowsidq hes m leso kelwsonod{ixo, ohhokqixo {mò{ qee`$

IJW, Idk$Kedhiaodqim` Wmjo 3? Sox1$7,=7%;%7=


26/40

Aisokqesy @i{qidj{ ( Cuyos{ Juiao{

Zo zi`` m`{e wmsqikiwmqo id aisokqesy ì{qidj{ mda cuyos{ juiao{ znodoxos we{{icò$ Qni{ u{um``y odqmi`{kelwòqidj m }uo{qieddmiso es {usxoy {odq hsel qno wucì{nos$ Id le{q km{o{, qokndikm` hmkq{, wsikidj, mdahomquso{ zi`` co idkùaoa id qno{o ì{qidj{ mda kelwmsoa mjmid{q eus kelwoqiqes{$

Lodqied{ id Homquso Msqikò{

M{ zo cokelo leso mjjso{{ixo id eus wucìk so`mqied{ mkqixiqio{ mda eus kelwmdy dmlo mda wseaukq csmda{

jmid leso xi{iciìqy, zo zi`` idksom{o lida {nmso ziqn qno wso{{$ Qni{ zi`` jixo u{ qno codohiq eh coidj lodqiedoaì{qoa es }ueqoa id xmsieu{ msqikò{$ Qno{o msqikò{ lmy co wseaukq, qokndeèjy, idau{qsy es cu{ido{{ esiodqoa$Qno{o ewwesqudiqio{ mso boy qe eus ecfokqixo eh jodosmqidj mzmsodo{{ mda we{iqiedidj eus{o`xo{$ M{ eus jem` i{qe nmxo qno IJW, Idk$ dmlo lodqiedoa id wsidq m{ hso}uodq`y m{ we{{icò, oxosy ewwesqudiqy, znoqnos m hu``cèzdsoxioz es m lodqied id m jodosm` cu{ido{{ msqikò, iq {osxo{ qe idksom{o mzmsodo{{ mda odnmdko eus ilmjo$

Edìdo mda Idau{qsy Doz{òqqos{

Zo zi`` idkùao id eus amqmcm{o, boy idau{qsy mda okellosko%Idqosdoq doz{òqqos{ qnmq mso {wokihikm``y qmsjoqoaqe {wokihik muaiodko{$ Qnoy mso u{um``y sud cy {wokim` idqoso{q jseuw{ .u{os{ jseuw{, qsmao m{{ekimqied{, zoc{iqo{, oqk$)$

M udi}uo {qesy iaom i{ xosy ìbo`y qe co wucì{noa$ Edìdo doz{òqqos{ mso md iaom` xonikò qe qmsjoq m {wokihiklo{{mjo qe m {lm`òs cuq xosy qmsjoqoa muaiodko$

[ydaikmqoa Keùldi{q{

Qnoso mso {oxosm` cu{ido{{ mda qokndikm` keùldi{q{ qnmq kexos eus wseaukq i{{uo{$ Omkn eh qnol i{ {ydaikmqoaid ;7?7 doz{wmwos{ mkse{{ qno keudqsy$ Msqikò{ id qno{o keùld{ no`w jodosmqo èkm` idqoso{q id qno{o lmsboq{$Qno{o ewwesqudiqio{ mso o{wokim``y mwwsewsimqo hes qsoda{oqqidj mwwìkmqied{ {qesio{$

Cy@idoa Msqikò{

Cyìdoa msqikò{ zi`` co aoxoèwoa mda wiqknoa qe mwwsewsimqo loaim hes wucìkmqied$ O{{odqim``y, {ukn md msqikòzeuà {osxo qe ohhokqixo`y kelludikmqo IJW, Idk$*{ lo{{mjo qe eus qmsjoq muaiodko m{ zo`` m{ o{qmcì{n qnocyìdoa muqnes m{ m ksoaicò idau{qsy o~wosq$ Msqikò euqìdo{ zi`` co aoxoèwoa mda wiqknoa qe mwwsewsimqo qsmaowucìkmqied{ qnmq mkkowq xodaes {ucli{{ied{$ Qno msqikò*{ wsowmsmqied zi`` kellodko uwed sokoixidj mwucìkmqied*{ we{iqixo so{wed{o$ Iq zi`` co zsiqqod cy m kelwmdy {qmhh lolcos es hsoo`mdko muqnes, udaosjuiamdko mda oaiqidj hsel qno Lmsboqidj aowq$ Md mao}umqo qusdmseuda qilo {neuà co m`èzoa hes qno{owsefokq{ m{ qno qilo hsmlo kmd om{i`y o~qoda qe {i~ ledqn{ hsel {qmsq qe hidi{n$ Sowsidq{ eh cyìdo{ msqikò{ lmboo~ko`òdq IS mda {mò{ qee`{$

Oaiqesim` Kmòdams

Le{q qsmao wucìkmqied{ mda {elo cu{ido{{ loaim, {knoauò qnois oaiqesim` homquso{ zo`` id maxmdko$ Qnooaiqesim

international global positioning (igp) business plan july 2001

Documents