Proceedings

16th International

Conference on

Pattern Recognition

ICPR 2002

Volume I: Monday, August 12, 2002

UB/TIB Hannover

123 601045

89

Table of Contents

International Conference on Pattern Recognition— ICPR 2002

Message from the General Chairs

Organizing Committee

List of Referees

xvu

,

XV1U

xix

Message from the President of IAPR xxii

Members of the Governing Board of IAPR xxiii

List of IAPR Committees xxiv

List of IAPR Member Societies xxvi

Volume I: Monday August 12, 2002

1.1 Human Motion 1

Experiments on Gait Analysis by Exploiting Nonstationarity in the Distribution of Feature Relationships l

/. Vega and S. Sarkar

Feature Extraction for the Analysis of Gait and Human Motion 5

S. Dockstader, K. Berglcessel, and A. Tekalp

Two-Hand Gesture Recognition Using Coupled Switching Linear Model 9

M. Jeong, Y. Kuno, N. Shimada, and Y. Shirai

Hierarchical Monitoring ofPeople's Behaviors in Complex Environments Using Multiple Cameras 13

N. Nguyen, S. Venkatesh, G. West, and H. Bui

Emotion Recognition Using a Cauchy Naive Bayes Classifier 17

N. Sebe, M. Lew, I. Cohen, A. Garg, and T. Huang

11.1 Poster Session - Pattern Recognition, Neural Networks, and Document Analysis

Generalized Pattern Spectra Sensitive to Spatial Information .21

M. Wilkinson

Robust Frontal Face Detection in Complex Environment—_—,—

25

Q. Yuan, W. Gao, and H. Yao

Process Mapping and Functional Correlation in Surface Metrology: A Novel Clustering Application 29

B. Muralikrishnan, J. Raja, and K. Najarian

A New Approach for Line Recognition in Large-Size Images Using Hough Transform 33

J. Song, M. Cai, M. Lyu, and S. Cai

A Spectral Representation for Appearance-Based Classification and Recognition ,

37

X. Liu and A. Srivastava

v

Geometric Neurocomputing for Pattern Recognition and Pose Estimation 41

E. Bayro-Corrochano andR. Vallejo

A Subspace Approach to Face Detection with Support Vector Machines 45

H, Ai, L, Ying, and G. Xu

A Novel Method for Harmonic Geometric Transformation Model Based on Wavelet Collocation 49

Y. Tang, X. Feng, X. You, Z. Liao, and L. Sun

Combining the Gabor and Histogram Features for Classifying Diffuse Lung Opacities in

Thin-Section Computed Tomography 53

Y. Mitani, H. Yasuda, S. Kido, K. Veda, N. Matsunaga, and Y. Hamamoto

Automated Segmentation of Archaeological Profiles for Classification 57

M. Kampel and R. Sablatnig

An Area-Based Alignment Method for 3D Urban Models 61

B. Debaque, G. Stamon, and M. Pierrot-Deseilligny

An Extension of the Generalized Hough Transform to Realize Affine-Invariant

Two-dimensional (2D) Shape Detection 65

A. Kimura and T. Watanabe

Core-Based Structure Matching Algorithm of Fingerprint Verification 70

W. Zhang and Y. Wang

Recognition of Strong and Weak Connection Models in Continuous Sign Language 75

Q. Yuan, W. Gao, H. Yao, and C. Wang

Modeling Shape and Topology of 3D Images of Biological Specimens 79

P. De-Alarcon, A. Pascual-Montano, A. Gupta, and J. Carazo

Simulated Static Electric Field (SSEF) Snake for Deformable Models 83

D. Yuan and S. Lit

Using Constraint Inequality on Estimated Correlation for Rapid Image Search 87

S. Kaneko, T. Mae, and A. Miyamoto

A Target Detection Method in Range-Doppler Domain from SAR Echo Data 91

L. Lu, R. Wang, and W. Li

Fuzzy Directional Element Energy Feature (FDEEF) Based Palmprint Identification 95

X. Wu, K. Wang, and D. Zhang

Recognition ofLung Nodules from X-Ray CT Images Using 3D Markov Random Field Models 99

H. Takizawa, S. Yamamoto, T. Matsumoto, Y. Tateno, T. Hnuma, and M. Matsumoto

Supervised Evaluation Methodology for Curvilinear Structure Detection Algorithms 103

X. Jiang and D. Mojon

Optimal Gabor Filters for High Speed Face Identification 107

H. Wu, Y. Yoshida, and T. Shioyama

Unsupervised Learning Using Locally Linear Embedding: Experiments with Face Pose Analysis 111

A. Hadid, O. Kouropteva, and M. Pietikainen

vi

A New Attempt to Gait-Based Human Identification 115

L Wang, W. Hu, and T. Tan

Multi-Scale Autoconvolution for Affine Invariant Pattern Recognition 1 ]9

J. Heikkild

Biometric Hash Based on Statistical Features of Online Signatures 123

C. Vielhauer, R. Steinmetz, and A. Mayerhdfer

Classifying Land Development in High Resolution Satellite Images Using Straight Line Statistics 127

C. Unsalan and K. Boyer

An Approximative Calculation of Relative Convex Hulls for Surface Area Estimation of

3D Digital Objects 131

L. Yu and R. Klette

A Hybrid Model for Invariant and Perceptual Texture Mapping 135

H. Long and W. Leow

Recognizing Faces with Expressions: Within-Class Space and Between-Class Space 139

Y. Bing, C. Ping, and L. Jin

Multi-Scale Model-Based Skeletonization of Object Shapes Using Self-Organizing Maps 143

R. Palenichka and M. Zaremba

Images Similarity Detection Based on Directional Gradient Angular Histogram 147

J, Peng, B, Yu, and D. Wang

Motion Prediction Using VC-Generalization Bounds 151

H. Wechsler, Z, Duric, F, Li, and V. Cherkassky

A Physics-Motivated Approach to Detecting Sky in Photographs 155

J. Luo and S. Etz

Robust Detection of Buildings in Digital Surface Models 159

P. Krislmamoorthy, K. Boyer, and P. Flynn

Face Recognition Using Optimal Non-orthogonal Wavelet Basis Evaluated by Information Complexity 164

X. Wang and H. Qi

A New LDA-Based Method for Face Recognition 168

Y. Bing, J. Lianfu, and C. Ping

Refining 3D Models Using a Two-Stage Neural-Network-Based Iterative Process 172

A. Loh, M. Robey, and G. West

Improvement in Range Segmentation Parameters Tuning176

L. Cinque, F. Cortani, R. Cucchiara, S. Levialdi, and G. Pignalberi

Fuzzy Border Distance Transforms and their Use in 2D Skeletonization_____

180

G. Borgefors and S. Svensson

A Smale-Like Decomposition for Discrete Scalar Fields 184

L De Floriani, M. Mesmoudi, and E. Danovaro

vn

Shape-Space from Tree-Union 188

A. Torsello and E. Hancock

A Trainable Hierarchical Hidden Markov Tree Model for Color Image Annotation 192

L. Cheng, T. Caelli, and V. Ochoa

Integrated Region-Based Image Retrieval Using Region's Spatial Relationships 196

B. Ko and H. Byun

Fingerprint Enhancement with Dyadic Scale-Space 200

J. Cheng, J. Tian, and T. Zhang

Robust Face Detection and Hand Posture Recognition in Color Images for

Human-Machine Interaction 204

J. Terrillon, A. Pilpre, Y. Niwa, and K. Yamamoto

A Ball Detection Algorithm for Real Soccer Image Sequences 210

T. D'Oratio, N. Ancona, G. Cicirelli, and M. Nitti

Cast Shadow Removing in Foreground Segmentation 214

A. Branca, G. Attolico, and A. Distante

Estimating Fibre Twist and Aspect Ratios in 3D Voxel Volumes 218

M. Aronsson

Face Detection Based on Hierarchical Support Vector Machines 222

Y. Ma and X. Ding

A Robust Algorithm for Probabilistic Human Recognition from Video 226

5. Zhou and R. Chellappa

The Chain-Rule Processor: Optimal Classification through Signal Processing 230

P. Baggenstoss

Fast Face Detection with Precise Pose Estimation 235

F, Fleuret and D. Geman

III.1 Color and Texture

Multiresolution Block Sampling-Based Method for Texture Synthesis 239

Y. Yu, J. Luo, and C. Chen

Texture Recognition through Modal Analysis of Spectral Peak Patterns 243

M. Carcassoni, E. Ribeiro, and E. Hancock

Bayesian Rendering with Non-Parametric Multiscale Prior Model 247

M. Mignotte

Luminance Quasi-Preserving Color Quantization for Digital Steganography to

Palette-Based Images 252

M. Niimi, R. Eason, H. Noda, and E. Kawaguchi

A Multiscale Colour Texture Model 255

M. Haindl and V. Havlidek

via

IV.1 Indexing and Retrieval

Unsupervised Robust Clustering for Image Database Categorization 259

B. Le Saux and N. Boujemaa

A Hybrid Tree Approach for Efficient Image Database Retrieval with Dynamic Feedback 263

J. Harnsomburana and C. Shyu

Temporal Color Correlograms in Video Retrieval 267

M. Rautiainen and D. Doermann

Genre-Based Search through Biomedical Images 271

J. Geusebroek, M. Hoang, J. van Gemert, and M. Worring

I.2 Poster Session - Computer Vision and Robotics

Robust Estimation of Camera Translation Between Two Images Using a Camera with a

3D Orientation Sensor. 275

T. Okatani and K. Deguchi

A New Method to Compute the Distortion Vector Field from Two Images 279

D. Coquin and P. Bolon

A Novel Two-Layer PCA/MDA Scheme for Hand Posture Recognition 283

J. Deng and H. Tsui

On the Relationship ofHuman Walking and Running: Automatic Person Identification by Gait 287

C. Yam, M. Nixon, and J. Carter

Accurate Dense Optical Flow Estimation Using Adaptive Structure Tensors and a Parametric Model 291

H. Liu, R. Chellappa, and A. Rosenfeld

Recognizing Human Behavior Using Universal Eigenspace 295

M. Rahman, K. Nakamura, and S. Ishikawa

Background Subtraction Using Competing Models in the Block-DCT Domain 299

M. Lamarre and J, Clark

Tracking Players and a Ball in Video Image Sequence and Estimating Camera

Parameters for 3D Interpretation of Soccer Games 303

A. Yamada, Y. Shirai, and J. Miura

Quasi-Invariants for Human Action Representation and Recognition _307

V. Parameswaran and R. Chellappa

Recognition of Human Periodic Motion— A Frequency Domain Approach 311

B. Li and H. Holstein

Analysis and Recognition of Walking Movements _315

J. Davis and S. Taylor

Wavelet Moments for Recognizing Human Body Posture from 3D Scans 319

N. Werghi and Y. Xiao

ix

Regularized Patch Motion Estimation 323

/. Patras andM. Worring

Robust Computation of Optical Flow under Non-Uniform Illumination Variations 327

C. Teng, S. Lai, Y. Chen, and W. Hsu

Trajectory Segmentation Using Dynamic Programming 331

R. Mann, A. Jepson, and T. El-Maraghi

Estimation of 3D Motion from Stereo Images — Differential and Discrete Formulations 335

N. Gongalves and H. Araujo

Constrained Structure and Motion Estimation from Optical Flow 339

M. Zucchelli, J. Santos-Victor, and H. Christensen

Temporally Evaluated Optical Flow: Study on Accuracy 343

R. Okada, A. Maki, Y. Taniguchi, and K. Onoguchi

Dense Estimation of Surface Reflectance Properties of Objects with Interreflections 348

T. Machida and N. Yokoya

A Computational Algebraic Topology Approach for Optical Flow 352

M. Auclair-Forder, P. Poulin, D. Ziou, andM. Allili

Recognition of Gestures in the Context of Speech 356

M. Bray, H. Sidenbladh, and J. Eklundh

Application of Rigid Motion Geometry to Film Restoration 360

S. Boukir and D. Suter

Combining Shape from Silhouette and Shape from Structured Light for Volume

Estimation of Archaeological Vessels 364

R. Sablatnig, S. Tosovic, and M. Kampel

3D Real-Time Head Tracking Fusing Color Histograms and Stercovision 368

F. Moreno, A. Tarrida, J. Andrade-Cetto, and A. Sanfeliu

Motion Tracking of Cattle with a Constrained Deformable Model 372

D. Tsutsumi and Y. Kita

Estimation of Rigid and Non-Rigid Facial Motion Using Anatomical Face Model 377

A. Yilmaz, K. Shafique, and M. Shah

New Approaches for Colour Histogram Adaptation in Face Tracking Tasks 381

J. Verges-Llahi, A. Tarrida, and A. Sanfeliu

The Gait Identification Challenge Problem: Data Sets and Baseline Algorithm 385

P. Phillips, S. Sarkar, I. Robledo, P. Grother, and K. Bowyer

Reliable and Fast Eye Finding in Close-up Images 389

T. Camus and R. Wildes

Vi/Wear-Active: Distributed Monte Carlo Face Tracking for Wearable Active Cameras 395

T. Kato, T. Kurata, and K. Sakaue

x

Estimation of Human Motion from Multiple Cameras for Gesture Recognition 401

M. Tominaga, H. Hongo, H. Koshimizu, Y. Niwa, and K. Yamamoto

Age and Gender Estimation Based on Wrinkle Texture and Color of Facial Images 405

J. Hayashi, M. Yasumoto, H, Ito, and H. Koshimizu

Detection of Faces of Various Directions in Complex Backgrounds 409

Y. Araki, N. Shimada, and Y. Shirai

Real-Time Multiple People Tracking Using Competitive Condensation 413

H. Kang, D. Kim, and S. Bang

Wavelet-Based Morphological Approach for Detection of Human Face Region 417

J. Kim, C. Moon, and H. Kim

Experiments on Eigenfaces Robustness 421

A. Lemieux andM. Parizeau

Online Appearance Learning for 3D Articulated Human Tracking 425

T. Roberts, S. McKenna, and I. Ricketts

An Evaluation ofFace and Ear Biometrics 429

B. Victor, K. Bowyer, and S. Sarkar

Person-on-Person Violence Detection in Video Data 433

A. Datta, M. Shah, and N. Da Vitoria Lobo

Continuous Activity Recognition with Missing Data 439

R. Diaz de Ledn and L Sucar

Probabilistic Motion Parameter Models for Human Activity Recognition 443

X. Sun, C. Cheng, and B. Manjunath

Real-Time Gesture Recognition System Based on Contour Signatures 447

P. Peixoto, J. Goncalves, and H. Araiijo

Automatic Visual Recognition of Armed Robbery 451

J. Dever, N. da Vitoria Lobo, and M. Shah

Planar Shape Recognition across Multiple Views _456

S. Kuthirummal, C. Jawahar, and P. Narayanan

Automatic Detection of Relevant Head Gestures in American Sign Language Communication 460

U. Erdem and S. Sclarojf

11.2 Document Analysis

Progress in Document Reconstruction ,_

464

A. Spitz

Granulometric Analysis of Document Images . .468

A. Bagdanov and M. Warring

Discriminative Features for Document Classification .

472

K. Torkkola

XI

Paper to PDA 476

T. Breuel, W. Janssen, K. Popat, and H. Baird

A New Textual/Non-textual Classifier for Document Skew Correction 480

X. Zhu and X. Yin

Bayesian Networks Classifiers Applied to Documents 483

S. Souafi-Bensafi, M. Parizeau, F. Lebourgeois, and H. Emptoz

III.2 Audio and Image Processing

Learning Video Processing by Example 487

/I. Ham and I. Essa

Tool Wear Estimation from Acoustic Emissions: A Model Incorporating Wear-Rate 492

S. Varma and J. Baras

A Bayesian Approach to Video Object Segmentation via Merging 3D Watershed Volumes 496

Y. Hung, Y. Tsai, and C. Lai

Video Clip Recognition Using Joint Audio-Visual Processing Model 500

V. Kulesh, V. Petrushin, and 1. Sethi

Virtual View Generation by Linear Processing of Two Differently Focused Images 504

A. Kubota and K. Aizawa

A Comparison of State-of-the-Art Diffusion Imaging Techniques for

Smoothing Medical/Non-Medical Image Data 508

J. Suri, D. Wu, J. Gao, S. Singh, and S. Laxminarayan

IV.2 Medical Image Analysis

Recognizing Emphysema—A Neural Network Approach 512

O. Friman, M. Borga, M. Lundberg, II. Tylen, and H. Knutsson

Brain Symmetry Plane Computation in MR Images Using Inertia Axes and Optimization 516

A. Tuzikov, O. Colliot, and I. Bloch

On the Classification of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Using MR Image Appearance 520

S. Duchesne, N. Bernasconi, A. Bernasconi, and D. Collins

Segmentation of Vector Fields by Critical Point Analysis: Application to Brain Deformation 524

G. Wollny, M. Tittgemeyer, and F. Kntggel

Model-Based Brain and Tumor Segmentation 528

N. Moon, E. Bullitt, K. van Leemput, and G. Gerig

Level-Set Evolution with Region Competition: Automatic 3-D Segmentation of Brain Tumors 532

S. Ho, E. Bullitt, and G. Gerig

xii

1.3 Human Motion 2

Invited Talk

Pattern Recognition and Understanding for Visual Information Media 536

Y. Ohta

3D Tracking of Human Locomotion: A Tracking as Recognition Approach _546T. Zhao and R. Nevada

Model-Based Human Body Tracking _552Y. Huang and T. Huang

Robust Tracking of Soccer Players Based on Data Fusion ,556T. Misu, M. Naemura, W. Zheng, Y. Izumi, and K. Fukui

Self-Calibration of a Camera from Video of a Walking Human 562

F. Lv, T. Zhao, and R. Nevada

11.3 Handwriting I

Feature Selection Using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms for Handwritten Digit Recognition 568

L Oliveira, R. Sabourin, F. Bortolozzi, and C. Suen

Using Eigen-Deformations in Handwritten Character Recognition 572

S. Uchida, M. Rome, and H. Sakoe

Rejection Strategies and Confidence Measures for a fc-NN Classifier in an OCR Task 576

J. Arlandis, J. Perez-Cortes, and J. Cano

Minimum Classification Error Training for Handwritten Character Recognition 580

R. Zhang andX. Ding

A New Shape Transformation Approach to Handwritten Character Recognition 584

N. Liolios, E. Kavallieratou, N. Fakotakis, and G. Kokkinakis

An Improved Approach to Generating Realistic Kanji Character Images from

On-Line Characters and its Benefit to Off-line Recognition Performance 588

O. Velek, C. Liu, S. Jaeger, and M. Nakagawa

III.3 Poster Session - Image and Signal Processing

A Region-Based Method for Model-Free Object Tracking 592

Y. Huang, T. Huang, and H. Niemann

Enhanced Canny Edge Detection Using Curvature Consistency..,. ..596

P. Worthington

A Method for Detecting Artificial Objects in Natural Environments.

_600

Y. Caron, P. Makris, and N. Vincent

Distributed Retrieval of Wavelet Images Using Bandwidth Monitoring „—-604

A. Basu, M. Pi, I Cheng, and M. Bates

xiii

Edge Color Distribution Transform: An Efficient Tool for Object Detection in Images 608

J. Song, M. Cai, and M. Lyu

Dissimilarity Measures in Color Spaces 612

D. Coquin, P. Bolon, and B. Ionescu

On Automated Tongue Image Segmentation in Chinese Medicine 616

B. Pang, K. Wang, D. Zhang, and F. Zhang

Model Estimation for Photometric Changes of Outdoor Planar Color Surfaces Caused by

Changes in Illumination and Viewpoint 620

F. Mindru, T. Moons, and L. Van Goal

An Evidence Combining Approach to Shape-from-Shading 624

E. Ribeiro, F. Sartori, and E. Hancock

Fundamental Frequency Gabor Filters for Object Recognition _628V. Kyrki, J. Kamarainen, and H. Kdlvidinen

Human Identification by Spatio-Temporal Symmetry __632/. Hayfron-Acquah, M. Nixon, and J. Carter

Geometric Approach for Pose Detection of Moving Human Heads 636

E. Bayro-Corrochano and A. Avalos

Image Flows and One-Liner Image Representation 640

V. Makhervaks, G. Barequet, and A. Bruckstein

Multi-Resolution Genetic Algorithm and Its Application in Motion Estimation 644

M. Gong and Y. Yang

Natural Image Correction by Iterative Projections to Eigenspace Constructed in

Normalized Image Space 648

T, Shakunaga and F. Sakaue

Orientation Difference Statistics for Texture Description 652

J. Da Costa, C. Germain, and P. Baylou

Shapes Modeling of 3-D Objects Based on a Hybrid Representation Using Extended

B-spline Surface Model 656

M. Maeda, K, Kumamaru, and K. Inoue

Multicue MRF Image Segmentation: Combining Texture and Color Features 660

Z. Kato, T, Pong, and S. Qiang

Agglomerative Clustering for Image Segmentation 664

P. Mohunta, D. Mukherjee, and S. Acton

Separating Color and Pattern Information for Color Texture Discrimination 668

T. Maenpati, M. Pietikdinen, and J. Viertola

Colour Image Texture Analysis: Dependence on Colour Spaces 672

M. Singh, M. Markou, and S. Singh

xiv

Spatial Texture Analysis: A Comparative Study 676

M. Singh and S. Singh

Feature Selection for Face Recognition Based on Data Partitioning 680

S. Singh, M. Singh, and M. Markou

Curvature Estimation of Surfaces in 3D Grey-Value Images 684

B. Rieger, F. Timmermans, L. van Vliet, and P. Verbeek

Scale-Adaptive Orientation Estimation 688

F. Le Pouliquen, C. Germain, and P. Baylou

A Gauss-Markov Model for Hyperspectral Texture Analysis of Urban Areas 692

G. Rellier, X. Descombes, J. Zerubia, and F. Falzon

Bayes Information Criterion for Tikhonov Regularization with Linear Constraints:

Application to Spectral Data Estimation 696

P. Carvalho, A. Santos, A. Dourado, and B. Ribeiro

Outex—New Framework for Empirical Evaluation of Texture Analysis Algorithms 701

T. Ojala, M. Pietikdinen, T. Mixenpati, J. Viertola, J. Kyllonen, and S. Huovinen

Multiple Objects Segmentation Based on Maximum-Likelihood Estimation and Optimum

Entropy-Distribution (MLE-OED) 707

X. Jun, H. Tsui, and X. Deshen

IV.3 Poster Session - Biomedical and Multimedia Applications

Automatic Tracking of Local Myocardial Motion by Correlation Weighted Velocity Method 711

W, Ohyama, T. Wakabayashi, F. Kimura, S. Tsuruoka, and K. Sekioka

Registration and Fusion of Retinal Images: A Comparative Study 715

F. Laliberte, L. Gagnon, and Y. Sheng

Integration of Gibbs Prior Models and Deformable Models for 3D Medical Image Segmentation 719

T. Chen and D. Metaxas

Myocardial Strain Imaging with Tagged MRI .

723

N. Tustison, D. Abendschein, V. Ddvila-Romdn, and A. Amini

Model-Based Segmentation of Leukocyte Clusters.

__727

B. Nilsson and A. Heyden

Fast Extraction of Tubular and Tree 3D Surfaces with Front Propagation Methods 731

T. Deschamps and L. Cohen

Automatic Segmentation of Liver Region through Blood Vessels on Multi-Phase CT 735

T. Saitoh, Y. Tamura, and T. Kaneko

Bayesian Marker Extraction for Color Watershed in Segmenting Microscopic Images 739

0. Lezoray and H. Cardot

Comparison of Colour Spaces for Optic Disc Localisation in Retinal Images 743

A. Osareh, M. Mirmehdi, B. Thomas, and R. Markham

XV

Simultaneous Segmentation and Registration for Functional MR Images 747

Y. Chen, S. Thiruvenkadam, F. Huang, K. Gopinath, R. Brigg

Quantification of Shrinkage of Lung Lobe from Chest CT Images Using the 3D Extended Voronoi

Division and its Application to the Benign/Malignant Discrimination of Tumor Shadows 751

Y. Hirano, J. Hasegawa, J. Toriwaki, H. Ohmatsu, and K. Eguchi

Recovering Elastic Property of Soft Tissues Using 2D Image Sequences with Limited Range Data 755

Y. Zhang, M. Shin, D. Goldgof, andS. Sarkar

Building the Topological Tree by Recursive FCM Color Clustering 759

R. Cucchiara, C. Grana, A. Prati, S. Seidenari, and G. Pellacani

From Cell Image Segmentation to Differential Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer 763

S. Ablameyko, V. Kirillov, D. Lagunovsky, 0. Patsko, N. Paramonova, M. Petrou, and O. Tchij

Modelling of 2D Gel Electrophoresis Images for Proteomics Databases 767

R. Wilson

Contour Features for Colposcopic Image Classification by Artificial Neural Networks 771

/. Claude, R. Winzenrieth, P. Pouletaut, and J. Boulanger

Automatic Sleep Apnoea Detection Using Measures of Amplitude and Heart Rale

Variability from the Electrocardiogram 775

P. de Chazal, R. Reilly, and C. Heneghan

Methodology for the Registration of whole SLO Sequences 779

C. Marino, M. Penas, M. Penedo, J. Barja, V. Lebordn, M. Carreira, and F. Gomez-UI let

Estimation and Analysis of the Deformation of the Cardiac Wall Using Dopplcr Tissue Imaging 784

V. Moreau, L. Cohen, and D. Pellerin

Harmonic Cut and Regularized Centroid Transform for Localization of Subcellular Structures 788

Q. Yang and B. Parvin

Electronic Endoscope System for Shape Measurement 792

K. Hasegawa, K. Noda, and Y. Sato

Color Image Segmentation Based on Markov Random Field Clustering for

Histological Image Analysis 796

V. Meas-Yedid, S. Tilie, and J. Olivo-Marin

Object Recognition from 3D Blurred Images 800

A. Boucher and M. Thonnat

Extraction of 3D Microtubules Axes from Cellular Electron Tomography Images 804

L. Liang, Q. Ji, and B. McEwen

Structural Brain Asymmetry as Revealed by 3D Texture Analysis of Anatomical MR Images 808

V. Kovalev, F. Kruggel, and D. von Cramon

Author Index 813

XVI