intercomparison of satellite retrieved aerosol optical depth over ocean
DESCRIPTION
Intercomparison of satellite retrieved aerosol optical depth over ocean. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Intercomparison of satellite retrieved aerosol optical depth over ocean
G. Myhre, F. Stordal, M. Johnsrud, A. Ignatov, M.I. Mishchenko, I.V. Geogdzhayev, D. Tanré, J.L. Deuzé, P. Goloub, T. Nakajima, A. Higurashi, O. Torres, B.N. Holben, N.G. Loeb, S. Bailey, G. Feldman, T. Holzer-Popp, M. Schroedter
MODIS and MISR data have been downloaded from their web sites. We acknowledge the effort of the two teams
•Compared 10 satellite retrievals over 3 time periods
•Main focus on a 40 months period from September 1997 to December 2000.
•Comparisons made for monthly mean data
•Two AVHRR retrievals, POLDER, OCTS, TOMS, SeaWiFS, VIRS, GOME/ATSR-2, MODIS, MISR
8-months period, Nov 96 – Jun 97
Where are the
uncertainties largest?
Myhre et al., JAS, 2003, in press
Averaged AOD (550 nm) over ocean for the period Sep 97-Dec 00. Maximum AOD is 0.72, 1.00, 0.28, and 1.68, respectively for AVHRR-1, AVHRR-2, SeaWiFS, and TOMS.
40 m
on
ths
per
iod
Global
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
Sep
97
Nov
97
Jan
98
Mar
98
May
98
Jul 9
8
Sep
98
Nov
98
Jan
99
Mar
99
May
99
Jul 9
9
Sep
99
Nov
99
Jan
00
Mar
00
May
00
Jul 0
0
Sep
00
Nov
00
AO
D 5
50 n
m
AVHRR-1(2g) AVHRR-2 TOMS SeaWiFSAVHRR-1(2g QC) AVHRR-1(3g QC) VIRS MODIS
Monthly mean AOD during the 40 months period
AOD OVER OCEAN, ZONAL MEAN
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Latitude
AO
D 5
50 n
m
AVHRR-1(2g) AVHRR-2 TOMS SeaWiFS VIRS MODIS
AVHRR-1(2g), AVHRR-2, TOMS and SeaWiFS for Sep 97-Dec 00, VIRS for Jan-Aug 98, MODIS for Mar-Dec 00.
Cape Verde Plateau
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8S
ep 9
7
Feb 9
8
Jul 98
Dec 9
8
May 9
9
Oct 99
Mar
00
Aug 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Angola Basin
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Feb 9
8
Jul 98
Dec 9
8
May 9
9
Oct 99
Mar
00
Aug 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
East Coast of USA
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Feb 9
8
Jul 98
Dec 9
8
May 9
9
Oct 99
Mar
00
Aug 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Arabian Sea
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Mar
98
Sep 9
8
Mar
99
Sep 9
9
Mar
00
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Bay of Bengal
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Feb 9
8
Jul 98
Dec 9
8
May 9
9
Oct 99
Mar
00
Aug 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Red Sea
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Feb 9
8
Jul 98
Dec 9
8
May 9
9
Oct 99
Mar
00
Aug 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Black Sea
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Mar
98
Sep 9
8
Mar
99
Sep 9
9
Mar
00
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Caspian Sea
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8S
ep 9
7
Feb 9
8
Jul 98
Dec 9
8
May 9
9
Oct 99
Mar
00
Aug 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Mediterranean Sea
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Mar
98
Sep 9
8
Mar
99
Sep 9
9
Mar
00
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
South China Sea
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Mar
98
Sep 9
8
Mar
99
Sep 9
9
Mar
00
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
East China Sea and Sea of Japan
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Feb 9
8
Jul 98
Dec 9
8
May 9
9
Oct 99
Mar
00
Aug 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m AVHRR-1 (2)
AVHRR-2
TOMS
SeaWiFS
AVHRR-1 (2QC)
AVHRR-1 (3QC)
VIRS
GOME/ATSR-2
MODIS
AOD for 11 oceanic regions
Spatial correlation between various satellite retrievals for 11 oceanic regions
Correlation with AVHRR-1
-0.50
-0.25
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Med
iterr
anea
n Se
aBl
ack
Sea
Cas
pian
Sea
Arab
ian
Sea
Bay
of B
enga
lSo
uth
Chi
na S
eaEa
st C
hina
Sea
and
Sea
of J
apan
East
Coa
st o
f USA
Cap
e Ve
rde
Plat
eau
Ango
la B
asin
Red
Sea
Cor
rela
tion
Coe
ffici
ent
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
AOD
AVH
RR
-1 5
50 n
m
AVHRR-2 SeaWiFS VIRS TOMS MODIS AOD
Correlation with AVHRR-2
-0.50
-0.25
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Med
iterr
anea
n Se
aBl
ack
Sea
Cas
pian
Sea
Arab
ian
Sea
Bay
of B
enga
lSo
uth
Chi
na S
eaEa
st C
hina
Sea
and
Sea
of J
apan
East
Coa
st o
f USA
Cap
e Ve
rde
Plat
eau
Ango
la B
asin
Red
Sea
Cor
rela
tion
Coe
ffici
ent
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
AOD
AVH
RR
-2 5
50 n
m
AVHRR-1 SeaWiFS VIRS TOMS MODIS AOD
Correlation with MODIS
-0.50
-0.25
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
Med
iterr
anea
n Se
aBl
ack
Sea
Cas
pian
Sea
Arab
ian
Sea
Bay
of B
enga
lSo
uth
Chi
na S
eaEa
st C
hina
Sea
and
Sea
of J
apan
East
Coa
st o
f USA
Cap
e Ve
rde
Plat
eau
Ango
la B
asin
Red
Sea
Cor
rela
tion
Coe
ffici
ent
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
AOD
MO
DIS
550
nm
AVHRR-1 AVHRR-2 SeaWiFS TOMS AOD
Azores
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0AO
D 5
50 n
m Gotland
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0AO
D 5
50 n
mHelgoland
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0AO
D 5
50 n
m
Erdemli
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
mKolimbari
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
mRame Head
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
mBahrain
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0AO
D 5
50 n
m Venice
0.00.20.40.60.81.01.2
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0AO
D 5
50 n
m Dakar
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0AO
D 5
50 n
m
Capo Verde
0.0
0.20.4
0.60.8
1.0
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Ascension Island
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Wallops
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Dry Tortugas
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Barbados
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Bermuda
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Roosevelt Roads
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Andros Island
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
AVHRR-1(2) AVHRR2TOMS SeaWiFSAVHRR-1(2QC) AVHRR-1(3QC)VIRS GOME/ATSR-2Aeronet MODISAeronet Level 1.5
La Paguera
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0AO
D 5
50 n
m
Comparison with AERONET data
•Alot of data available
•Generally satellite retrievals compare well with AERONET data
•No obvious retrieval perform better/worse compared to the AERONET data
San Nicolas
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Arica
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Lanai
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Tahiti
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Nauru
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Anmyon
0.00.20.40.60.81.0
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Taiw an
0.00.20.40.60.81.0
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Male
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
AVHRR-1(2) AVHRR2TOMS SeaWiFSAVHRR-1(2QC) AVHRR-1(3QC)VIRS GOME/ATSR-2Aeronet MODISAeronet Level 1.5
Kaashidhoo
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0AO
D 5
50 n
m
Dongsha Island
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Coconut Island
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
mShirahama
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
Goa
0.00.20.40.60.81.0
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Inhaca
0.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m Sw akopmund
0.00.51.01.52.02.5
Sep 9
7
Jan 9
8
May 9
8
Sep 9
8
Jan 9
9
May 9
9
Sep 9
9
Jan 0
0
May 0
0
Sep 0
0
AO
D 5
50 n
m
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0
AV
HR
R-1
(2)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0
AV
HR
R-2
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0
TO
MS
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0
Sea
WiF
S
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0V
IRS
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0
AV
HR
R-1
(3Q
C)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0
AV
HR
R-1
(2Q
C)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0
MO
DIS
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
AERONET
1.61.41.21.0.8.6.4.20.0
GO
ME
/AT
SR
-2
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0.0
SC
AT
TE
R P
LO
T,
SA
TE
LL
ITE
RE
TR
IEV
AL
S V
S A
ER
ON
ET
Regional episodes of high AOD
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Eu
rop
e A
tlan
tic C
oa
st,
Ap
r 9
9
Me
dite
rrra
ne
an
Se
a,
Au
g 9
9
Ca
pe
Ve
rde
Pla
tea
u,
Ju
n 9
9
An
go
la C
oa
st,
Au
g 9
8
An
go
la C
oa
st,
Au
g 0
0
Ind
ian
Co
as
t, M
ar
99
Ind
ion
es
ia,
Oc
t 9
7
Ch
ina
Se
a,
Ma
y 9
9
Ch
ina
Se
a M
ar
00
Me
xic
o,
Ma
y 9
8
Ea
st
Co
as
t U
SA
, M
ay
98
Ea
st
Co
as
t U
SA
, M
ay
00
Re
gio
na
l Av
era
ge
AO
D 5
50
nm
AVHRR-1(2g) AVHRR-2 TOMSSeaWiFS AVHRR-1(2g QC) AVHRR-1(3g QC)VIRS GOME/ATSR2 MODIS
AOD comparison in events of high AOD or aerosol campaigns
Global land and ocean
Global land
Global ocean
Monthly mean AOD over ocean for 9 near coastal regions
Mediterranean Sea
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5M
ar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
AO
D
MODIS MISR
AVHRR-2 SeaWiFS
AVHRR-1(2g)
Black Sea
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
Arabian Sea
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Mar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
AO
D
Bay of Bengal
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Mar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
AO
D
East China Sea and Sea of Japan
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Mar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
AO
D
East Coast of USA
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
AO
D
Cape Verde Plateau
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Mar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
Angola Basin
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Mar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
AO
D
Red Sea
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Mar
00
Jul 00
Nov 0
0
Mar
01
Jul 01
Nov 0
1
Mar
02
Jul 02
Nov 0
2
Mar
03
AO
D
y = 0,5337x + 0,1293
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5
AERONET
y = 0,7262x + 0,1522
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00
AERONET
MISR MODIS
Compared 10 satellite retrievals over ocean during 3 time periodsOver ocean the satellite retrievals compare best in coastal regionsGenerally at least a factor of two differencesLargest uncertainties over ocean in the southern hemisphere at high latitudesCompared to AERONET observations no retrievals performing obvious worse/better, no large difference in size, and regionSome retrievals has upper limits in AOD, which clearly leads to underestimation of AOD for some location and time periods
Northern Hemisphere Land and Ocean
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
0,35
Mar
00
May 0
0
Jul 0
0
Sep 0
0
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Mar
01
May 0
1
Jul 0
1
Sep 0
1
Nov 0
1
Jan 0
2
Mar
02
May 0
2
Jul 0
2
Sep 0
2
Nov 0
2
Jan 0
3
Mar
03
May 0
3
AO
D
Southern Hemisphere Land and Ocean
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
0,3
0,35
Mar
00
May 0
0
Jul 0
0
Sep 0
0
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Mar
01
May 0
1
Jul 0
1
Sep 0
1
Nov 0
1
Jan 0
2
Mar
02
May 0
2
Jul 0
2
Sep 0
2
Nov 0
2
Jan 0
3
Mar
03
May 0
3
AO
D
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Latitude
AO
D 5
50 n
m
AVHRR-1(2g) AVHRR-2 TOMS SeaWiFSVIRS MODIS AVHRR1(2gQC) AVHRR1(3gQC)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Arica
Bahra
in
Barb
ados
Berm
uda
Capo
Verd
eD
ry
Tort
ugas
Kaashid
hoo
Lanai
San N
icola
s
Venic
e
Wallo
ps
AERONET AOD 550 nm MeanAERONET AOD 550 nm Std. DeviationAVHRR-2 AOD 550 nm MeanAVHRR-2 AOD 550 nm Std. DeviationAVHRR-2 Correlation coeff icient
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Arica
Bahra
in
Barb
ados
Berm
uda
Capo
Verd
eD
ry
Tort
ugas
Kaashid
hoo
Lanai
San N
icola
s
Venic
e
Wallo
ps
AERONET AOD 550 nm MeanAERONET AOD 550 nm Std. DeviationTOMS AOD 550 nm MeanTOMS AOD 550 nm Std. DeviationTOMS Correlation coeff icient
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Arica
Bahra
in
Barb
ados
Berm
uda
Capo
Verd
eD
ry
Tort
ugas
Kaashid
hoo
Lanai
San N
icola
s
Venic
e
Wallo
ps
AERONET AOD 550 nm MeanAERONET AOD 550 nm Std. DeviationSeaWiFS AOD 550 nm MeanSeaWiFS AOD 550 nm Std. DeviationSeaWiFS Correlation coeff icient
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Arica
Bahra
in
Barb
ados
Berm
uda
Capo
Verd
eD
ry
Tort
ugas
Kaashid
hoo
Lanai
San N
icola
s
Venic
e
Wallo
ps
AERONET AOD 550 nm MeanAERONET AOD 550 nm Std. DeviationAVHRR-1 AOD 550 nm MeanAVHRR-1 AOD 550 nm Std. DeviationAVHRR-1 Correlation coeff icient
Å n g strøm < 0 .5
A E R O NE T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
AV
HR
R-1
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm 0 .5 -1 .5
A E R O NE T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
AV
HR
R-1
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm > 1 .5
A E R O NE T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
AV
HR
R-1
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm < 0 .5
A E R O NE T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
AV
HR
R-2
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm 0 .5 -1 .5
A E R O N E T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
AV
HR
R-2
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm > 1 .5
A E R O NE T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
AV
HR
R-2
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm < 0 .5
A E R O N E T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
TO
MS
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm 0 .5 -1 .5
A E R O N E T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
TO
MS
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å ngstrøm > 1 .5
A E R O NE T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
TO
MS
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm < 0 .5
A E R O N E T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
Se
aW
iFS
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g s trøm 0 .5 - 1 .5
A E R O NE T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
Se
aW
iFS
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Å n g strøm > 1 .5
A E R O N E T
1 .0.8.6.4.20 .0
Se
aW
iFS
1 .0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0 .0
Modis 2001 annual mean AOD
Modelled 1996 annual mean AOD
Northern Hemisphere Oceans
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
Mar
00
May
00
Jul 0
0
Sep
00
Nov
00
Jan
01
Mar
01
May
01
Jul 0
1
Sep
01
Nov
01
Jan
02
Mar
02
May
02
Jul 0
2
Sep
02
Nov
02
Jan
03
Mar
03
May
03
AO
D
Southern Hemisphere Oceans
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
Mar
00
May
00
Jul 0
0
Sep
00
Nov
00
Jan
01
Mar
01
May
01
Jul 0
1
Sep
01
Nov
01
Jan
02
Mar
02
May
02
Jul 0
2
Sep
02
Nov
02
Jan
03
Mar
03
May
03
AO
DGlobal Oceans
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
Mar
00
May
00
Jul 0
0
Sep
00
Nov
00
Jan
01
Mar
01
May
01
Jul 0
1
Sep
01
Nov
01
Jan
02
Mar
02
May
02
Jul 0
2
Sep
02
Nov
02
Jan
03
Mar
03
May
03
AO
D
MODIS MISR AVHRR-2 SeaWiFS AVHRR-1(2g)
Global Land
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mar
00
May 0
0
Jul 0
0
Sep 0
0
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Mar
01
May 0
1
Jul 0
1
Sep 0
1
Nov 0
1
Jan 0
2
Mar
02
May 0
2
Jul 0
2
Sep 0
2
Nov 0
2
Jan 0
3
Mar
03
May 0
3
AO
D
MODIS MISR
Northern Hemisphere Land
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mar
00
May 0
0
Jul 0
0
Sep 0
0
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Mar
01
May 0
1
Jul 0
1
Sep 0
1
Nov 0
1
Jan 0
2
Mar
02
May 0
2
Jul 0
2
Sep 0
2
Nov 0
2
Jan 0
3
Mar
03
May 0
3
AO
DSouthern Hemisphere Land
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mar
00
May 0
0
Jul 0
0
Sep 0
0
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Mar
01
May 0
1
Jul 0
1
Sep 0
1
Nov 0
1
Jan 0
2
Mar
02
May 0
2
Jul 0
2
Sep 0
2
Nov 0
2
Jan 0
3
Mar
03
May 0
3
AO
D
Global Land and Ocean
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
Mar
00
May 0
0
Jul 0
0
Sep 0
0
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Mar
01
May 0
1
Jul 0
1
Sep 0
1
Nov 0
1
Jan 0
2
Mar
02
May 0
2
Jul 0
2
Sep 0
2
Nov 0
2
Jan 0
3
Mar
03
May 0
3
AO
DMODIS MISR
Northern Hemisphere Land and Ocean
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
Mar
00
May 0
0
Jul 0
0
Sep 0
0
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Mar
01
May 0
1
Jul 0
1
Sep 0
1
Nov 0
1
Jan 0
2
Mar
02
May 0
2
Jul 0
2
Sep 0
2
Nov 0
2
Jan 0
3
Mar
03
May 0
3
AO
D
Southern Hemisphere Land and Ocean
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
Mar
00
May 0
0
Jul 0
0
Sep 0
0
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Mar
01
May 0
1
Jul 0
1
Sep 0
1
Nov 0
1
Jan 0
2
Mar
02
May 0
2
Jul 0
2
Sep 0
2
Nov 0
2
Jan 0
3
Mar
03
May 0
3
AO
DNorth Atlantic Ocean
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mar
00
May
00
Jul 0
0
Sep
00
Nov
00
Jan
01
Mar
01
May
01
Jul 0
1
Sep
01
Nov
01
Jan
02
Mar
02
May
02
Jul 0
2
Sep
02
Nov
02
Jan
03
Mar
03
May
03
AO
D
South Atlantic Ocean
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mar
00
May
00
Jul 0
0
Sep
00
Nov
00
Jan
01
Mar
01
May
01
Jul 0
1
Sep
01
Nov
01
Jan
02
Mar
02
May
02
Jul 0
2
Sep
02
Nov
02
Jan
03
Mar
03
May
03
AO
D
0
Indian Ocean
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Mar
00
May
00
Jul 0
0
Sep
00
Nov
00
Jan
01
Mar
01
May
01
Jul 0
1
Sep
01
Nov
01
Jan
02
Mar
02
May
02
Jul 0
2
Sep
02
Nov
02
Jan
03
Mar
03
May
03
AO
D
Pacific Ocean
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mar
00
May
00
Jul 0
0
Sep
00
Nov
00
Jan
01
Mar
01
May
01
Jul 0
1
Sep
01
Nov
01
Jan
02
Mar
02
May
02
Jul 0
2
Sep
02
Nov
02
Jan
03
Mar
03
May
03
AO
D
MODIS MISR AVHRR-2 SeaWiFS AVHRR-1(2g)