INTER WAR YEARSINTER WAR YEARS

CHANGING FABRIC OF CDN CHANGING FABRIC OF CDN SOCIETYSOCIETY

DAY 43-49DAY 43-49

ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN?ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN? IMMEDIATELY AFTER WAR ECONOMY SLOWS IMMEDIATELY AFTER WAR ECONOMY SLOWS

DOWN. WHY?DOWN. WHY?

EASTERN INDUSTRY HURT, WESTERN FARMINGEASTERN INDUSTRY HURT, WESTERN FARMING

NO MORE WAGE AND PRICE FREEZENO MORE WAGE AND PRICE FREEZE

INFLATION SKYROCKETS, WAGES GO DOWN INFLATION SKYROCKETS, WAGES GO DOWN BECAUSE OF MARKET FORCES. MORE MONEY TO BECAUSE OF MARKET FORCES. MORE MONEY TO BUY, BUT MORE WORKERSBUY, BUT MORE WORKERS

WEST AND MARITIMES WORST HIT. BEGIN TO WEST AND MARITIMES WORST HIT. BEGIN TO CALL FOR CHANGE, MUCH LIKE BR DURING IND CALL FOR CHANGE, MUCH LIKE BR DURING IND REVREV

UNION MOVEMENTUNION MOVEMENT DURING WAR UNIONS ILLEGALDURING WAR UNIONS ILLEGAL

1919 MANY UNIONS MEET IN CALGARY AND CALL 1919 MANY UNIONS MEET IN CALGARY AND CALL FOR OBU MODELED AFTER IWWFOR OBU MODELED AFTER IWW

CALL FOR ADOPTION OF GENERAL STRIKECALL FOR ADOPTION OF GENERAL STRIKE

AMHERST (WORK HOURS, WAGES, SAFETY)AMHERST (WORK HOURS, WAGES, SAFETY)

PEACEFULLY NEGOTIATED END WITH MAYORPEACEFULLY NEGOTIATED END WITH MAYOR

NOW SWITCH POLITICS, LABOUR PARTY NOW SWITCH POLITICS, LABOUR PARTY COALITION WITH FARMERS, AND IN 1920 NS COALITION WITH FARMERS, AND IN 1920 NS BECOME OPP, CONS 3RDBECOME OPP, CONS 3RD

ECONOMY SLOWS DOWN, MANY MOVE, SO PARTY ECONOMY SLOWS DOWN, MANY MOVE, SO PARTY DIES QUICKLYDIES QUICKLY

WEST IS WHERE MORE DRAMATIC CHANGE WEST IS WHERE MORE DRAMATIC CHANGE OCCURSOCCURS

WINNIPEG BEGINS OWN GENERAL STRIKEWINNIPEG BEGINS OWN GENERAL STRIKE

IRON WORKERS REAL SALARY CUT IN HALF BY IRON WORKERS REAL SALARY CUT IN HALF BY INFLATION, LONG HOURS, DANGEROUS ETCINFLATION, LONG HOURS, DANGEROUS ETC

STRIKE, AND ASK FOR HELP FROM OTHER UNIONSSTRIKE, AND ASK FOR HELP FROM OTHER UNIONS

MAY 15,1919 30,000 PEOPLE WALK INCLUDING MAY 15,1919 30,000 PEOPLE WALK INCLUDING POLICE, WATER, SANITATIONPOLICE, WATER, SANITATION

STRIKE COMMITTEE RUNS WINNIPEGSTRIKE COMMITTEE RUNS WINNIPEG

LED BY LABOUR ACTIVIST J S WOODSWORTH LED BY LABOUR ACTIVIST J S WOODSWORTH AND OTHER ADVOCATES OF SOCIAL GOSPELAND OTHER ADVOCATES OF SOCIAL GOSPEL

SOCIAL GOSPEL WAS THE FOUNDATION, SOCIAL GOSPEL WAS THE FOUNDATION, BROTHERHOOD OF MAN, FAIR AND EQUITABLE BROTHERHOOD OF MAN, FAIR AND EQUITABLE TREATMENTTREATMENT

BUSINESS LEADERS WANT GOV’T HELP, BORDEN BUSINESS LEADERS WANT GOV’T HELP, BORDEN AWAY SO MEIGHEN AWAY SO MEIGHEN

ERA OF RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, FEAR SOCIALISMERA OF RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, FEAR SOCIALISM

LEADERS OF STRIKE LABELED ENEMY ALIENSLEADERS OF STRIKE LABELED ENEMY ALIENS

NEW LAW, INCITING SEDITIOUS CONSPIRACY NEW LAW, INCITING SEDITIOUS CONSPIRACY

CHANGE CRIMINAL CODE SO INCITING SEDITIOUS CHANGE CRIMINAL CODE SO INCITING SEDITIOUS CONSPIRACY CAN BE JAIL TIME. ALSO IMMIGRATION CONSPIRACY CAN BE JAIL TIME. ALSO IMMIGRATION ACT TO DEPORT THOSE CONVICTEDACT TO DEPORT THOSE CONVICTED

JUNE 16-17 LEADERS ARRESTED BY STRIKE JUNE 16-17 LEADERS ARRESTED BY STRIKE BREAKERSBREAKERS

LEADERLESS, PEOPLE HEAD BACK TO WORK UNTIL LEADERLESS, PEOPLE HEAD BACK TO WORK UNTIL VETERANS TAKE UP THE MANTLEVETERANS TAKE UP THE MANTLE

UNEMPLOYED SOLDIERS PLAN TO MARCH IN UNEMPLOYED SOLDIERS PLAN TO MARCH IN DEFIANCEDEFIANCE

JUNE 21 MARCH IN WINNIPEG, GOV’T USES NWMP TO JUNE 21 MARCH IN WINNIPEG, GOV’T USES NWMP TO CRUSHCRUSH

2 DEAD 34 WOUNDED, 88 ARRESTED2 DEAD 34 WOUNDED, 88 ARRESTED

FURTHER HURTS, MEIGHEN, AS WELL AS FURTHER HURTS, MEIGHEN, AS WELL AS TRADITIONAL POLITICS IN WEST, THEY WILL FIND A TRADITIONAL POLITICS IN WEST, THEY WILL FIND A NEW ANSWERNEW ANSWER

MASSES OF PEOPLE IN SUPPORT OF THE STRIKE, BUT ALSO SOMEINFLUENCED BY GOV’T WHO SEETHE STRIKE AS LED BY COMMIES

THE RIOTING IN WINNIPEG AFTER THE INACTION BY THE GOV’T, AND FINALLYTHE GOV’T ACTS.

BILLY CLUB USED AGAINSTSTRIKERS ON JUNE 21. LATERKEPT BY WOODSWORTH AS A SYMBOL OF OPPRESSION OF THECANADIAN WORKER

J S WOODWORTH, PACIFIST METHODIST ARRESTED AND CHARGED WITH SEDITIONLOOKS SCARY DOESN’T HE

TRANSITION OF FEDERAL TRANSITION OF FEDERAL LEADERSLEADERS

BORDEN TO MEIGHENBORDEN TO MEIGHEN

AS BORDEN TIRES OF STRAIN OF AS BORDEN TIRES OF STRAIN OF LEADERSHIP AND WWI, HE BEGINS TO LEADERSHIP AND WWI, HE BEGINS TO CONTEMPLATE RESIGNINGCONTEMPLATE RESIGNING

UNION GOV’T FALLING APART IN 1919, UNION GOV’T FALLING APART IN 1919, AND BY 1920 HE RESIGNSAND BY 1920 HE RESIGNS

MEIGHEN IS CHOSEN TO REPLACEMEIGHEN IS CHOSEN TO REPLACE

ARTHUR MEIGHENARTHUR MEIGHEN VERY OPINIONATED, AND HE WAS ALWAYS RIGHTVERY OPINIONATED, AND HE WAS ALWAYS RIGHT

ONCE MADE DECISION HE STUCK BY IT BITTERLYONCE MADE DECISION HE STUCK BY IT BITTERLY

OPENLY RUTHLESS WHEN NEEDEDOPENLY RUTHLESS WHEN NEEDED

VERY UNWILLING TO ENTERTAIN COMPROMISE WITH VERY UNWILLING TO ENTERTAIN COMPROMISE WITH THOSE WHO DISAGREED WITH HIMTHOSE WHO DISAGREED WITH HIM

WAR MEASURES ACT, WARTIME ELECTIONS ACT, WAR MEASURES ACT, WARTIME ELECTIONS ACT, MILITARY SERVICES ACT, MILITARY VOTERS ACT MILITARY SERVICES ACT, MILITARY VOTERS ACT CLOSURE, INCITING SEDITIOUS CONSPIRACY, CLOSURE, INCITING SEDITIOUS CONSPIRACY, WINNIPEG GENERAL STRIKEWINNIPEG GENERAL STRIKE

GREAT DEBATER, LAWYER, STATESMAN. YET NOT GREAT DEBATER, LAWYER, STATESMAN. YET NOT ENDEARING TO PEOPLE. PERHAPS A 19ENDEARING TO PEOPLE. PERHAPS A 19THTH CENTURY CENTURY POLITICIAN.POLITICIAN.

MANY IN PARTY THOUGHT NOT THE BEST CHOICE, MANY IN PARTY THOUGHT NOT THE BEST CHOICE, BUT HE IS THE NEW PMBUT HE IS THE NEW PM

WILLIAM LYON MACKENZIE KINGWILLIAM LYON MACKENZIE KING AFTER 1917 ELECTION MANY LIBS WANTED AFTER 1917 ELECTION MANY LIBS WANTED

CHANGE IN LEADERSHIPCHANGE IN LEADERSHIP

LAURIER’S STANCE ON CONSCRIPTION WOULD LAURIER’S STANCE ON CONSCRIPTION WOULD NEVER ALLOW HIM TO WIN AGAINNEVER ALLOW HIM TO WIN AGAIN

STILL COULD NOT THROW OUT LEADER FOR 25 STILL COULD NOT THROW OUT LEADER FOR 25 YEARSYEARS

WHEN HE DIES, HE OPENS DOOR TO CHANGEWHEN HE DIES, HE OPENS DOOR TO CHANGE

11STST LEADERSHIP CONVENTION IN CDN POLITICAL LEADERSHIP CONVENTION IN CDN POLITICAL HISTORY AUG 1919. 1200 DELEGATES FROM HISTORY AUG 1919. 1200 DELEGATES FROM ACROSS COUNTRY MEET TO PICK NEW LEADERACROSS COUNTRY MEET TO PICK NEW LEADER

NEED SOMEONE QUE AND ONT COULD VOTE FORNEED SOMEONE QUE AND ONT COULD VOTE FOR

KING THE CHOICE AS STUCK BY LAURIER OVER KING THE CHOICE AS STUCK BY LAURIER OVER CONSCRIPTION BUT NOT OUTSPOKEN FOR YEARS CONSCRIPTION BUT NOT OUTSPOKEN FOR YEARS AS OUT OF OFFICEAS OUT OF OFFICE

KING WAS GRANDSON OF WILLIAM LYON KING WAS GRANDSON OF WILLIAM LYON MACKENZIE REBEL OF 1837MACKENZIE REBEL OF 1837

KING WAS COMPROMISER, WILLING TO LISTEN, KING WAS COMPROMISER, WILLING TO LISTEN, TRIED TO MAKE AS MANY PEOPLE HAPPY AS TRIED TO MAKE AS MANY PEOPLE HAPPY AS POSSIBLE ETC. SOUNDS LIKE ?POSSIBLE ETC. SOUNDS LIKE ?

SEES LABOUR UNREST SO GOES AFTER THEM. SEES LABOUR UNREST SO GOES AFTER THEM. LIBERALS OF 1920 CALLING FOR FAIR WAGES, 8 LIBERALS OF 1920 CALLING FOR FAIR WAGES, 8 HR WORK DAY, MOTHER’S ALLOWANCE, HR WORK DAY, MOTHER’S ALLOWANCE, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, AND OLD AGE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, AND OLD AGE PENSIONPENSION

MEIGHEN TO LEFT AND ABOVE,MACKENZIE KING WRITING HIS 1917 BOOK, INDUSTRY AND HUMANITY

ELECTION OF 1921ELECTION OF 1921

WAR MEASURES ACT, MILITARY VOTERS ACT, WAR MEASURES ACT, MILITARY VOTERS ACT, MILITARY SERVICES ACT, WARTIME ELECTIONS MILITARY SERVICES ACT, WARTIME ELECTIONS ACT CLOSURE, WINNIPEG GENERAL STRIKE, ACT CLOSURE, WINNIPEG GENERAL STRIKE, LABOUR ETCLABOUR ETC

MEIGHEN ALSO CANCELLED CROWS NEST PASS MEIGHEN ALSO CANCELLED CROWS NEST PASS AGREEMENTAGREEMENT

HIGH TARIFFS, LAISSEZ-FAIRE ECONOMYHIGH TARIFFS, LAISSEZ-FAIRE ECONOMY

MEANWHILE LIBS HAVE DONE NO WRONG SINCE MEANWHILE LIBS HAVE DONE NO WRONG SINCE 1911. WHO IS GOING TO WIN????1911. WHO IS GOING TO WIN????

NOT SO FAST!!!! THERE’S ANOTHER THING TO NOT SO FAST!!!! THERE’S ANOTHER THING TO CONSIDERCONSIDER

THE ISSUES

EMERGENCE OF THIRD PARTYEMERGENCE OF THIRD PARTY

PEOPLE TIRING OF TRADITIONAL PARTIES, PEOPLE TIRING OF TRADITIONAL PARTIES, LOOKING FOR ANOTHER OPTIONLOOKING FOR ANOTHER OPTION

IN ONTARIO CAN’T GO LIBERAL (CONSCRIPTION), IN ONTARIO CAN’T GO LIBERAL (CONSCRIPTION), AND CONSERVATIVES HURTING LABOUR AND AND CONSERVATIVES HURTING LABOUR AND FARMERS, ANSWER IS NEW PARTYFARMERS, ANSWER IS NEW PARTY

FARMERS UNITED, WITH LABOUR TO FOUND FARMERS UNITED, WITH LABOUR TO FOUND UNITED FARMERS OF ONTARIO PARTYUNITED FARMERS OF ONTARIO PARTY

IN 1919 PROVINCIAL ELECTION RAN 63 IN 1919 PROVINCIAL ELECTION RAN 63 CANDIDATES FOR 83 SEATS. WON 45 SEATS. CANDIDATES FOR 83 SEATS. WON 45 SEATS. UFO MAJORITY GOV’T!!! WHAT MESSAGE TO UFO MAJORITY GOV’T!!! WHAT MESSAGE TO MEIGHEN?MEIGHEN?

Ernest C. Drury, UFO premier and leader.

GOAL OF UFO PARTY WAS TO RE-ESTABLISH FARMERS AS AN IMPORTANT GROUP IN ONTARIO.

BY JOINING WITH LABOUR THEYALSO HAD BACKING OF THE PROLETARIAT IN THE EMERGINGCITIES.

WITHIN A FEW YEARS, UNITED FARMERS MOVEMENTS SPREAD TOALBERTA, MANITOBA, AND SASK.

RESULTS OF 1921 ELECTIONRESULTS OF 1921 ELECTION LIBERALS WIN 121 SEATSLIBERALS WIN 121 SEATS

CONSERVATIVES WIN 50CONSERVATIVES WIN 50

PROGRESSIVES 64PROGRESSIVES 64

LABOUR 3LABOUR 3

INDEPENDENT 1INDEPENDENT 1

WHAT IS DIFFERENT ABOUT THIS ELECTION?????WHAT IS DIFFERENT ABOUT THIS ELECTION?????

BIRTH OF THE MULTI PARTY SYS OF GOV’T. KING BIRTH OF THE MULTI PARTY SYS OF GOV’T. KING WINS, BUT LOSES TOOWINS, BUT LOSES TOO

BREAKDOWN OF LIBERAL VOTEBREAKDOWN OF LIBERAL VOTE

LIBS TAKE ALL 65 IN QUE, 25/30 IN EAST, LIBS TAKE ALL 65 IN QUE, 25/30 IN EAST, 21/85 IN ONT, 6/53 IN WEST21/85 IN ONT, 6/53 IN WEST

COUNTRY SPLIT. HOW TO GOVERN? COUNTRY SPLIT. HOW TO GOVERN? COALITION WAS NEEDEDCOALITION WAS NEEDED

PROGRESSIVES, AND LABOUR MORE PROGRESSIVES, AND LABOUR MORE LIKELY TO SIDE WITH LIBS THAN MEIGHENLIKELY TO SIDE WITH LIBS THAN MEIGHEN

YET THE WEST HAD SPOKEN OUT AGAINST YET THE WEST HAD SPOKEN OUT AGAINST LIBERALS AS WELL, THEY INSTEAD VOTED LIBERALS AS WELL, THEY INSTEAD VOTED FOR A NEW CHOICE, THE PROGRESSIVESFOR A NEW CHOICE, THE PROGRESSIVES

PROGRESSIVE PARTYPROGRESSIVE PARTY THOMAS CRERAR FORMER LIBERAL FROM THOMAS CRERAR FORMER LIBERAL FROM

MANITOBA WAS THE FOUNDERMANITOBA WAS THE FOUNDER

SPLIT WITH LAURIER ON CONSCRIPTION TO SIT AS SPLIT WITH LAURIER ON CONSCRIPTION TO SIT AS UNION MPUNION MP

SOON BECAME UPSET WITH CONS POLICIES SOON BECAME UPSET WITH CONS POLICIES AGAINST WESTERN FARMERSAGAINST WESTERN FARMERS

NOT READY TO REJOIN LIBS SO FOUND YOUR NOT READY TO REJOIN LIBS SO FOUND YOUR OWNOWN

HE FELT EVENTUALLY PROGRESSIVES WOULD GO HE FELT EVENTUALLY PROGRESSIVES WOULD GO BACK TO LIBS, BUT NOT UNTIL THEIR POLICIES BACK TO LIBS, BUT NOT UNTIL THEIR POLICIES CHANGEDCHANGED

THOMAS CRERAR IN 1919

HIS PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT CALLED FOR DRAMATIC CHANGE

1. DRAMATIC LOWERING OF TARIFF

2. RESTORATION OF CROWS NEST PASS AGREEMENT

3. FREE TRADE WITH USA

4. EASIER CREDIT FOR FARMERS

5. LOWERING OF INTEREST RATES FOR FARMERS’ MORTGAGE

6. TRANSFER OF CONTROL OF NATURAL RESOURCES TO THE PROVINCES FROM OTTAWA

7. ANTI STRIKE BREAK LEG, SHORTER WORK DAY, FAIR WAGES ETC. WHY?

WHY WOULD WEST LIKE THIS?

MEIGHEN HAD CAMPAIGNED ON PRINCIPLES, AND MEIGHEN HAD CAMPAIGNED ON PRINCIPLES, AND WHAT HE WOULD DOWHAT HE WOULD DO

LIBERALS STAYED ALOOF WITH VAGUE STATEMENTS LIBERALS STAYED ALOOF WITH VAGUE STATEMENTS ON WHAT THEY COULD DOON WHAT THEY COULD DO

PROGRESSIVES, WHAT GOV’T SHOULD DO PROGRESSIVES, WHAT GOV’T SHOULD DO

70% VOTE AGAINST MEIGHEN, 60% AGAINST KING, 70% VOTE AGAINST MEIGHEN, 60% AGAINST KING, BUT HE IS PM. NEEDS SUPPORTBUT HE IS PM. NEEDS SUPPORT

COURTS LABOUR, REMEMBER HIS POLICIES? COURTS LABOUR, REMEMBER HIS POLICIES? WOODSWORTH WOULD SIDE WITH HIMWOODSWORTH WOULD SIDE WITH HIM

COURTS FARMERS, PROGRESSIVES SUPPORTCOURTS FARMERS, PROGRESSIVES SUPPORT

BIRTH OF SOCIALISM IN CANADA (MOTHERS’ BIRTH OF SOCIALISM IN CANADA (MOTHERS’ ALLOWANCES, PENSIONS, REINSTATES CROWS NEST ALLOWANCES, PENSIONS, REINSTATES CROWS NEST PASS, TAX AND TARIFF REFORM)PASS, TAX AND TARIFF REFORM)

SOCIAL MANDATE FOR FIRST TERM AS PM SOCIAL MANDATE FOR FIRST TERM AS PM GUARANTEES SUCCESS IN 1925GUARANTEES SUCCESS IN 1925

MACKENZIE KING’S FOREIGN POLICYMACKENZIE KING’S FOREIGN POLICY MACKENZIE’S FIRST TEST WAS CHANAK AFFAIRMACKENZIE’S FIRST TEST WAS CHANAK AFFAIR

KING HIMSELF MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRSKING HIMSELF MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS

MUSTAFA KEMAL ATTATURK AND THE TREATY OF MUSTAFA KEMAL ATTATURK AND THE TREATY OF SEVRES SEVRES

1921 WAR WITH GREECE, THEN TURNS ATTENTION TO 1921 WAR WITH GREECE, THEN TURNS ATTENTION TO CHANAK AND BRCHANAK AND BR

BR THREATENS WAR AND ASKS DOMINIONS FOR HELP IN BR THREATENS WAR AND ASKS DOMINIONS FOR HELP IN 19221922

KING READS IN PAPER… “ONLY PARLIAMENT WILL KING READS IN PAPER… “ONLY PARLIAMENT WILL DECIDE”DECIDE”

MEIGHEN “READY AYE READY”! STILL HASN’T LEARNEDMEIGHEN “READY AYE READY”! STILL HASN’T LEARNED

KING DOESN’T SAY NO, BUT REJECTS ABSOLUTE MUST KING DOESN’T SAY NO, BUT REJECTS ABSOLUTE MUST GO!GO!

IN END NO WAR, SO KING WAS A GENIUS, MEIGHEN LOST IN END NO WAR, SO KING WAS A GENIUS, MEIGHEN LOST GROUNDGROUND

HALIBUT TREATYHALIBUT TREATY KING WANTS MORE AUTONOMY, ESPECIALLY AFTER KING WANTS MORE AUTONOMY, ESPECIALLY AFTER

CHANAKCHANAK

LOOKS FOR ISSUE, FINDS ONE IN NEGOTIATIONS LOOKS FOR ISSUE, FINDS ONE IN NEGOTIATIONS WITH USA OVER FISHWITH USA OVER FISH

BY NOW WE COULD NEGOTIATE TREATIES, BUT BR BY NOW WE COULD NEGOTIATE TREATIES, BUT BR MUST SIGNMUST SIGN

BY 1923 CAN AND USA NEGOTIATED FISH DEAL. BY 1923 CAN AND USA NEGOTIATED FISH DEAL. KING DECIDES CANADA WILL SIGN ON OWN. KING DECIDES CANADA WILL SIGN ON OWN.

ERNEST LAPOINTE SENT AND SIGNS CANADA’S FIRST ERNEST LAPOINTE SENT AND SIGNS CANADA’S FIRST BILATERALLY NEGOTIATED TREATY EVERBILATERALLY NEGOTIATED TREATY EVER

USA RELUCTANT, BUT PASSES, BR A BIT HESITANT USA RELUCTANT, BUT PASSES, BR A BIT HESITANT BUT PASSESBUT PASSES

THIS ACQUIESCENCE SHOWS TACIT RECOGNITIONTHIS ACQUIESCENCE SHOWS TACIT RECOGNITION

MACKENZIE KING’S QUE LT THE HONOURABLE ERNEST LAPOINTE

THE FIRST CANADIAN TO SIGN A BILATERALLY NEGOTIATED TREATY

THIS WAS A HUGE STEP FORWARDIN CANADIAN FOREIGN AFFAIRS.

ELECTION OF 1925ELECTION OF 1925

ANY REASON TO SUSPECT CONSERVATIVE ANY REASON TO SUSPECT CONSERVATIVE VICTORY?VICTORY?

CONSERVATIVES 116CONSERVATIVES 116 LIBERALS 101LIBERALS 101 PROGRESSIVES 24PROGRESSIVES 24 LABOUR 2LABOUR 2

WHAT HAPPENED? MINORITY GOV’TWHAT HAPPENED? MINORITY GOV’T

MARITIMES VOTE CONSERVATIVE BECAUSE MARITIMES VOTE CONSERVATIVE BECAUSE MEIGHEN PROMISES EASTERN CROWS NEST PASSMEIGHEN PROMISES EASTERN CROWS NEST PASS

KING KEEPS JOB AS PM BECAUSE HE COULD KING KEEPS JOB AS PM BECAUSE HE COULD GOVERN WITH SUPPORT, MEIGHEN COULD NOTGOVERN WITH SUPPORT, MEIGHEN COULD NOT

WOODSWORTH SENT LETTERS TO BOTH KING WOODSWORTH SENT LETTERS TO BOTH KING AND MEIGHEN BEFORE ASKING WHAT WOULD DO AND MEIGHEN BEFORE ASKING WHAT WOULD DO FOR LABOURFOR LABOUR

MEIGHEN DOESN’T RESPOND, KING SAYS AS MEIGHEN DOESN’T RESPOND, KING SAYS AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. KING CAN POINT TO HIS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. KING CAN POINT TO HIS SOCIAL MANDATE OF LAST FOUR YEARSSOCIAL MANDATE OF LAST FOUR YEARS

SO IN END, KING LOSES SEATS BUT MAINTAINS SO IN END, KING LOSES SEATS BUT MAINTAINS CONTROLCONTROL

KING BYNG CRISISKING BYNG CRISIS MINORITY GOV’T VERY CLOSE, MUST AVOID MINORITY GOV’T VERY CLOSE, MUST AVOID

CONTROVERSY… KING CAN NOTCONTROVERSY… KING CAN NOT

CONS MP H H STEPHENS UNCOVERS RUM CONS MP H H STEPHENS UNCOVERS RUM RUNNING SCANDAL IN MARITIMESRUNNING SCANDAL IN MARITIMES

CANADA LOSING MILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN TAXESCANADA LOSING MILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN TAXES

KING SHUTS DOWN PARLIAMENT FOR SIX WEEKS KING SHUTS DOWN PARLIAMENT FOR SIX WEEKS HOPING ISSUE GOES AWAYHOPING ISSUE GOES AWAY

PARLIAMENT RESUMES, BUT STILL DEBATINGPARLIAMENT RESUMES, BUT STILL DEBATING

KING FEARS LOSING CONFIDENCE MOTION, SO KING FEARS LOSING CONFIDENCE MOTION, SO ASKS FOR DISSOLUTION…BYNG SAYS NO, ASKS FOR DISSOLUTION…BYNG SAYS NO, MEIGHEN WILL BE GIVEN CHANCE TO RULEMEIGHEN WILL BE GIVEN CHANCE TO RULE

MEIGHEN IS BACKMEIGHEN IS BACK 22NDND TIME AS PM WITHOUT WINNING TIME AS PM WITHOUT WINNING

NO ONE WILLING TO WORK WITH MEIGHEN, SO NO ONE WILLING TO WORK WITH MEIGHEN, SO GOV’T LASTS FOUR DAYS (BYE ELECTION ISSUE)GOV’T LASTS FOUR DAYS (BYE ELECTION ISSUE)

MEIGHEN LOSES VOTE OF CONFIDENCE, AND MEIGHEN LOSES VOTE OF CONFIDENCE, AND ASKS FOR DISSOLUTIONASKS FOR DISSOLUTION

BYNG GRANTS, KING CRIES FOUL. REWARDING BYNG GRANTS, KING CRIES FOUL. REWARDING WWI BUDDYWWI BUDDY

ELECTION, KING CAMPAIGNS ON REDUCING THE ELECTION, KING CAMPAIGNS ON REDUCING THE BRITISH INFLUENCE IN CANADA BY LIMITING THE BRITISH INFLUENCE IN CANADA BY LIMITING THE ROLE OF THE GGROLE OF THE GG

1926 ELECTION1926 ELECTION LIBS LIBS 116116 CONSCONS 91 91 UFAUFA 11 11 PROPRO 13 13 LIB PROLIB PRO 9 9 LABOUR 3LABOUR 3 INDIND 2 2

MINORITY AGAIN REALLY MORE COMFORTABLEMINORITY AGAIN REALLY MORE COMFORTABLE

1926 IMPERIAL CONFERENCE KING DEMANDS 1926 IMPERIAL CONFERENCE KING DEMANDS FORMAL RECOGNITION OF CANADA AS COMPLETELY FORMAL RECOGNITION OF CANADA AS COMPLETELY INDEPENDENTINDEPENDENT

LORD BALFOUR COMMISSIONED TO STUDY THE LORD BALFOUR COMMISSIONED TO STUDY THE DOMINIONS’ STATUS (LATER LEADS TO STATUTE OF DOMINIONS’ STATUS (LATER LEADS TO STATUTE OF WESTMINSTER)WESTMINSTER)

CANADA GIVEN RIGHT TO HAVE AMBASSADORS. CANADA GIVEN RIGHT TO HAVE AMBASSADORS. FIRST ONE IS VINCENT MASSEY TO USA (WHY USA? FIRST ONE IS VINCENT MASSEY TO USA (WHY USA? WHAT SAY ABOUT OUR FUTURE?)WHAT SAY ABOUT OUR FUTURE?)

CLASS ASSIGNMENTCLASS ASSIGNMENT

READ SECTION ON ROARING READ SECTION ON ROARING TWENTIES AND DEPRESSIONTWENTIES AND DEPRESSION

ANSWER QUESTION SHEETANSWER QUESTION SHEET

GO OVERGO OVER

Read ‘People of Prosperity’ (Pages 335-338) and the Read ‘People of Prosperity’ (Pages 335-338) and the economics of the depression (pages 339-345). Then economics of the depression (pages 339-345). Then answer the questions below.answer the questions below.

What nicknames were given to the decade of the 1920s? What nicknames were given to the decade of the 1920s? what do you think the nicknames tell us about life during what do you think the nicknames tell us about life during this era?this era?

ROARING TWENTIES, ASPIRIN AGE, LOST GENERATION AND ROARING TWENTIES, ASPIRIN AGE, LOST GENERATION AND THE ERA OF WONDERFUL NONSENSETHE ERA OF WONDERFUL NONSENSE

CALLED THIS BECAUSE THE DRAMA OF WAR OVER, AND CALLED THIS BECAUSE THE DRAMA OF WAR OVER, AND PEOPLE CAN HAVE FUN AGAINPEOPLE CAN HAVE FUN AGAIN

MONEY CAN BE SPENT FREELY WITH NO RATIONING, SO MONEY CAN BE SPENT FREELY WITH NO RATIONING, SO PEOPLE ENTHUSIASTICALLY SPEND MONEY USUALLY ON PEOPLE ENTHUSIASTICALLY SPEND MONEY USUALLY ON HAVING GOOD TIMEHAVING GOOD TIME

THE DEPRIVATIONS OF WWI OVER TIME TO CELEBRATETHE DEPRIVATIONS OF WWI OVER TIME TO CELEBRATE

AS POLITICAL ATMOSPHERE CHANGED FROM COMMAND AS POLITICAL ATMOSPHERE CHANGED FROM COMMAND ECONOMY AND WAR TIME RESTRICTIONS THE FREEDOM ECONOMY AND WAR TIME RESTRICTIONS THE FREEDOM WAS ONE THAT OPENED UP NEW ERA OF OPPORTUNITYWAS ONE THAT OPENED UP NEW ERA OF OPPORTUNITY

Describe the social revolution that occurred during Describe the social revolution that occurred during this time? How did life change for the average this time? How did life change for the average Canadian during this time? Canadian during this time?

BIGGEST CHANGE WAS FOR WOMENBIGGEST CHANGE WAS FOR WOMEN

WOMEN NOW INVOLVED IN POLITICS, VICES, NEW WOMEN NOW INVOLVED IN POLITICS, VICES, NEW CLOTHING, HAIR, PURSUIT OF FREEDOMCLOTHING, HAIR, PURSUIT OF FREEDOM

CHANGE NECESSITATED DURING WARTIME KEPT DESPITE CHANGE NECESSITATED DURING WARTIME KEPT DESPITE ATTEMPTS OTHERWISEATTEMPTS OTHERWISE

NO PROHIBITION, NO RATIONING, LEADS EVENTUALLY TO NO PROHIBITION, NO RATIONING, LEADS EVENTUALLY TO GREAT DEMAND FOR GOODSGREAT DEMAND FOR GOODS

NEW PRODUCTS (CAR, VACUUM WASHING MACHINE) NEW PRODUCTS (CAR, VACUUM WASHING MACHINE) INCREASE FREE TIME, LEADS TO APPETITE FOR INCREASE FREE TIME, LEADS TO APPETITE FOR ENTERTAINMENT ENTERTAINMENT

LOOSENING OF MORALS AFTER THE HORRORS OF WAR, LET LOOSENING OF MORALS AFTER THE HORRORS OF WAR, LET LOOSE HAVE FUNLOOSE HAVE FUN

BEHAVIOURS PREVIOUSLY SEEN AS DECADENT NOW WERE BEHAVIOURS PREVIOUSLY SEEN AS DECADENT NOW WERE THE NORM ACROSS THE LANDTHE NORM ACROSS THE LAND

INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH THOUGH THERE WAS A BOOM IN INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH THOUGH THERE WAS A BOOM IN CHURCH GOING PROBABLY BY THE MORAL MINORITYCHURCH GOING PROBABLY BY THE MORAL MINORITY

Describe the emancipation of women that Describe the emancipation of women that occurred during the twenties. occurred during the twenties.

THE AVERAGE WOMAN OF 1929 WAS THE AVERAGE WOMAN OF 1929 WAS COMPLETELY DIFFERENT FROM HER COMPLETELY DIFFERENT FROM HER COUNTERPART OF 1919COUNTERPART OF 1919

SHE SMOKED, DRANK, VOTED, WORKED, SHE SMOKED, DRANK, VOTED, WORKED, DISCUSSED ISSUES AND HAD HER DISCUSSED ISSUES AND HAD HER OPINIONS, SHE WAS INDEPENDENT FROM OPINIONS, SHE WAS INDEPENDENT FROM THE HOUSE DUE TO THE MACHINE AGE, THE HOUSE DUE TO THE MACHINE AGE, AND FROM HER HUSBAND THANKS TO THE AND FROM HER HUSBAND THANKS TO THE WARWAR

HER ENTIRE LIFE WAS CHANGINGHER ENTIRE LIFE WAS CHANGING

FLAPPER FROMTHE 20s

THE CHARLESTONTO THE RIGHT

THE CAR.

Describe the manner in which Canadians and others invested in Describe the manner in which Canadians and others invested in the stock market during the 1920’s. This practice led to an the stock market during the 1920’s. This practice led to an overvalued market that is inflated. What dangers are inherent in overvalued market that is inflated. What dangers are inherent in having money that does not exist invested in such a market? having money that does not exist invested in such a market?

STOCKS SOARING, RICH GETTING RICHER, EVERYONE STOCKS SOARING, RICH GETTING RICHER, EVERYONE WANTS INTO INVESTWANTS INTO INVEST

DIDN’T HAVE MONEY, BORROW, REPAY WITH DIVIDENDS, DIDN’T HAVE MONEY, BORROW, REPAY WITH DIVIDENDS, BUYING ON MARGINBUYING ON MARGIN

EVERYONE BUYING, PRICES GO UP, ARTIFICIALLY HIGHEVERYONE BUYING, PRICES GO UP, ARTIFICIALLY HIGH

MARKET BECOMES OVER INFLATED AS EVERYONE BUYING MARKET BECOMES OVER INFLATED AS EVERYONE BUYING WITHOUT REAL MONEYWITHOUT REAL MONEY

LEADS TO CRASH AS FLUID CAPITAL DRIES UP. NO REAL LEADS TO CRASH AS FLUID CAPITAL DRIES UP. NO REAL MONEY THERE, SO WHEN PEOPLE TRY TO CASH OUT THE MONEY THERE, SO WHEN PEOPLE TRY TO CASH OUT THE SYSTEM CRASHESSYSTEM CRASHES

THE VALUE OF COMPANIES IN TERMS OF STOCK MORE THE VALUE OF COMPANIES IN TERMS OF STOCK MORE THAN WHAT THE COMPANY HAS IN ASSETS, SO THEY THAN WHAT THE COMPANY HAS IN ASSETS, SO THEY COULD NEVER COVERCOULD NEVER COVER

What happened in October of 1929? Why did this so affect eh What happened in October of 1929? Why did this so affect eh World Economy?World Economy?

IN OCTOBER OF 1929 THE CRASH OCCURRED. IN OCTOBER OF 1929 THE CRASH OCCURRED.

STOCK MARKET DESTROYEDSTOCK MARKET DESTROYED

RICH LOST FORTUNES, 61 000 000 DOLLARS LOST IN ONE RICH LOST FORTUNES, 61 000 000 DOLLARS LOST IN ONE MONTH 50% OF VALUE BY FORD COMPANY TO CITE ONE MONTH 50% OF VALUE BY FORD COMPANY TO CITE ONE EXAMPLEEXAMPLE

POOR LOST LIFE SAVINGS, BUSINESSES WENT BANKRUPT POOR LOST LIFE SAVINGS, BUSINESSES WENT BANKRUPT THROWING PEOPLE OUT OF WORKTHROWING PEOPLE OUT OF WORK

SINCE PEOPLE ALL OVER THE WORLD DEPENDED ON THE SINCE PEOPLE ALL OVER THE WORLD DEPENDED ON THE US ECONOMY IT CAUSED A TRICKLE DOWN EFFECTUS ECONOMY IT CAUSED A TRICKLE DOWN EFFECT

INTERNATIONAL TRADE DRIES UP AS TARIFFS GO UP INTERNATIONAL TRADE DRIES UP AS TARIFFS GO UP AROUND THE WORLD TO PROTECT THEIR OWN ECONOMIESAROUND THE WORLD TO PROTECT THEIR OWN ECONOMIES

THIS ONLY HURTS FURTHER AS TRADE WARS START AND THIS ONLY HURTS FURTHER AS TRADE WARS START AND NO PLACE TO SELL YOUR GOODSNO PLACE TO SELL YOUR GOODS

Why was the Canadian Economy not built to withstand a Why was the Canadian Economy not built to withstand a Depression?Depression?

LIKE REST OF WORLD WE NEEDED THE US, ONLY NEEDED LIKE REST OF WORLD WE NEEDED THE US, ONLY NEEDED THEM EVEN MORE WITH FORTY PERCENT OF OUR EXPORTS THEM EVEN MORE WITH FORTY PERCENT OF OUR EXPORTS GOING THEREGOING THERE

THEY BUY MOST OF OUR STUFF, IN TIMES OF DEPRESSION THEY BUY MOST OF OUR STUFF, IN TIMES OF DEPRESSION THEY DON’T BUY, SO WE CAN’T SELLTHEY DON’T BUY, SO WE CAN’T SELL

CANADA ALSO DEPENDED TOO MUCH ON NATURAL CANADA ALSO DEPENDED TOO MUCH ON NATURAL RESOURCES LIKE FOODSTUFFS, AND MINERALSRESOURCES LIKE FOODSTUFFS, AND MINERALS

THESE FIRST HIT IN TRADE WAR SO CANADA SUFFERS HARD THESE FIRST HIT IN TRADE WAR SO CANADA SUFFERS HARD AND FASTAND FAST

WHEAT GOES FROM 1.68 BUSHEL TO .38 A BUSHELWHEAT GOES FROM 1.68 BUSHEL TO .38 A BUSHEL

AS FACTORIES AND FARMS CLOSE, THE RAILROADS ALL BUT AS FACTORIES AND FARMS CLOSE, THE RAILROADS ALL BUT SHUT DOWN AS NO TRAFFIC, AND CANADIAN ECONOMY DIESSHUT DOWN AS NO TRAFFIC, AND CANADIAN ECONOMY DIES

IF NO ONE BUYING GOODS, MANUFACTURING BUSINESSES IF NO ONE BUYING GOODS, MANUFACTURING BUSINESSES ALSO GO INTO DECLINE.ALSO GO INTO DECLINE.

ABOVE, BLACK THURSDAY IN NY

TO RIGHT, RUN ON BANKS

How were farmers in the west doubly cursed during the How were farmers in the west doubly cursed during the Depression?Depression?

FARMERS HAD NO MARKET FOR THEIR GOODS, PRICES FARMERS HAD NO MARKET FOR THEIR GOODS, PRICES DOWN, SO MANY FARMS HIT HARDDOWN, SO MANY FARMS HIT HARD

BANKS WERE ON RUN SO NEEDED MONEY, TO GET THEY BANKS WERE ON RUN SO NEEDED MONEY, TO GET THEY CALLED IN THE MORTGAGES OF FARMERS MANY OF WHOM CALLED IN THE MORTGAGES OF FARMERS MANY OF WHOM COULDN’T PAY SO LOST THEIR FARMCOULDN’T PAY SO LOST THEIR FARM

TO TOP OFF DROUGHT HITS THE WESTTO TOP OFF DROUGHT HITS THE WEST

TOPSOIL DRIES UP AND HIGH WINDS CREATE DESERT LIKE TOPSOIL DRIES UP AND HIGH WINDS CREATE DESERT LIKE CONDITIONS WHICH FURTHER KILLS THE ECONOMY OF THE CONDITIONS WHICH FURTHER KILLS THE ECONOMY OF THE WESTWEST

FARMERS NOW TRAVEL AS TRANSIENTS TO URBAN CANADA FARMERS NOW TRAVEL AS TRANSIENTS TO URBAN CANADA SEEKING JOBS, BUT FACTORIES NOT HIRING. WHEN THEY SEEKING JOBS, BUT FACTORIES NOT HIRING. WHEN THEY DO THEY TAKE ADVANTAGE OF SITUATION AND PAY LITTLEDO THEY TAKE ADVANTAGE OF SITUATION AND PAY LITTLE

DUST BOWL IN SASK. FARMERS LEAVING THE FARM

FOOD LINE IN TORONTO DUSTBOWL IN USA

What was the five-cent speech? How did this speech affect What was the five-cent speech? How did this speech affect the Liberal re-election hopes of 1930? the Liberal re-election hopes of 1930?

PROVINCES HAD TO PAY FOR WELFARE, SO THEY WERE BROKE AS COULDN’T PROVINCES HAD TO PAY FOR WELFARE, SO THEY WERE BROKE AS COULDN’T TAX AS POWER OF TAXATION IN HANDS OF FED GOV’T. PROVS NEED MONEY, TAX AS POWER OF TAXATION IN HANDS OF FED GOV’T. PROVS NEED MONEY, ASK FED GOV’T FOR HELPASK FED GOV’T FOR HELP

KING’S SPEECH, HELP LIB PROVS, BUT NOT A FIVE CENT PIECE TO KING’S SPEECH, HELP LIB PROVS, BUT NOT A FIVE CENT PIECE TO CONSERVATIVE ONESCONSERVATIVE ONES

BENNETT NEW LEADER OF CONS AND USES THIS TO SHOW KING NOT TRUE BENNETT NEW LEADER OF CONS AND USES THIS TO SHOW KING NOT TRUE SOCIALISTSOCIALIST

WHEN VOTERS WENT TO THE ELECTION BOOTH THEY DID NOT FORGETWHEN VOTERS WENT TO THE ELECTION BOOTH THEY DID NOT FORGET

AS ELECTION OF 1930 CAME ON, KING BEGINS TO PROMISE AN END TO THE AS ELECTION OF 1930 CAME ON, KING BEGINS TO PROMISE AN END TO THE DEPRESSION, BUT NOW NO ONE BELIEVES HE CAN OR WILL DO ITDEPRESSION, BUT NOW NO ONE BELIEVES HE CAN OR WILL DO IT

AT THE ELECTION THE LIBS LOSEAT THE ELECTION THE LIBS LOSE

CONSERVATIVESCONSERVATIVES 137 137 LIBSLIBS 88 88 UNITED FARMERS UNITED FARMERS 10 10 LIB PROGRESSIVES LIB PROGRESSIVES 3 3 PROGRESSIVES PROGRESSIVES 2 2 LABOUR LABOUR 2 2 INDEPENDENT LABOURINDEPENDENT LABOUR 1 1

MAJORITY GOVERNMENT FOR CANADA’S 10TH PRIME MINISTER BENNETT.MAJORITY GOVERNMENT FOR CANADA’S 10TH PRIME MINISTER BENNETT.

Who was R B Bennett? What is a Bennett Buggy? Were he and the Conservatives Who was R B Bennett? What is a Bennett Buggy? Were he and the Conservatives successful in their attempts to end the Depression? Why?successful in their attempts to end the Depression? Why?

R B BENNETT BORN IN HOPEWELL NB BUT NOW CALGARY MILLIONAIRE R B BENNETT BORN IN HOPEWELL NB BUT NOW CALGARY MILLIONAIRE (LAW FIRM)(LAW FIRM)

REALLY CARED ABOUT THE POOR, BUT COULD NOT STOP DEPRESSIONREALLY CARED ABOUT THE POOR, BUT COULD NOT STOP DEPRESSION

LEADER OF OPPOSITION CONSERVATIVES IN 1930 AFTER REPLACING LEADER OF OPPOSITION CONSERVATIVES IN 1930 AFTER REPLACING MEIGHENMEIGHEN

CAMPAIGNED ON PROMISE TO END DEPRESSION AND PUT PEOPLE BACK TO CAMPAIGNED ON PROMISE TO END DEPRESSION AND PUT PEOPLE BACK TO WORKWORK

ATTACKED LIBERALS ON THEIR POLICY OF NOT DOING ENOUGH TO ATTACKED LIBERALS ON THEIR POLICY OF NOT DOING ENOUGH TO RETALIATE AGAINST THE US HIGH TARIFF RATERETALIATE AGAINST THE US HIGH TARIFF RATE

WINS ELECTION ON THIS ISSUEWINS ELECTION ON THIS ISSUE

YET HE TOO CANNOT STOP DEPRESSIONYET HE TOO CANNOT STOP DEPRESSION

CANADA’S ECONOMY NOT BUILT TO STAND ALONE, WE NEEDED TRADE CANADA’S ECONOMY NOT BUILT TO STAND ALONE, WE NEEDED TRADE WITH US ESPECIALLY, AND THEY NOT TRADINGWITH US ESPECIALLY, AND THEY NOT TRADING

HIGH TARIFFS GLOBALLY LIMIT HIS SUCCESS AT BREAKING THE HIGH TARIFFS GLOBALLY LIMIT HIS SUCCESS AT BREAKING THE DEPRESSION AS NO ONE IS BUYING CANADIAN GOODSDEPRESSION AS NO ONE IS BUYING CANADIAN GOODS

A BENNETT BUGGY IS A CAR POWERED BY HORSES, AS NO ONE HAS MONEY A BENNETT BUGGY IS A CAR POWERED BY HORSES, AS NO ONE HAS MONEY TO BUY GASTO BUY GAS

ALSO HAD BENNETT BARNYARDS, WHICH WERE ABANDONED FARMS IN THE ALSO HAD BENNETT BARNYARDS, WHICH WERE ABANDONED FARMS IN THE WEST, AND BENNETT BURROUGHS WHICH WERE SHANTY TOWNS FOR THE WEST, AND BENNETT BURROUGHS WHICH WERE SHANTY TOWNS FOR THE HOMELESS AND TRANSIENTSHOMELESS AND TRANSIENTS

RB BENNETT THE ONLY NB PRIME MINISTEREVER. AND HE DIDN’T DO SO GOOD!

ABOVE, TWO VERSIONS OF BENNETT BUGGIES

THERE WERE ALSO BENNETTVILLE, BENNETT BARNYARDS ETC.

What were Relief Camps? What was the Regina Riot?What were Relief Camps? What was the Regina Riot?

RELIEF CAMPS WERE WORKING CAMPS ADMINISTERED BY THE RELIEF CAMPS WERE WORKING CAMPS ADMINISTERED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENCE, WHERE UNEMPLOYED YOUNG MEN DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENCE, WHERE UNEMPLOYED YOUNG MEN SENT TO WORK (20,000)SENT TO WORK (20,000)

PAID TWENTY CENTS PER DAY TO DO PUBLIC WORKS, LITTLE TO DO IN PAID TWENTY CENTS PER DAY TO DO PUBLIC WORKS, LITTLE TO DO IN CAMPS, CONDITIONS WERE NOT GREATCAMPS, CONDITIONS WERE NOT GREAT

REAL REASON WAS TO KEEP POTENTIAL REBELLIOUS MIGRATORY WORKERS REAL REASON WAS TO KEEP POTENTIAL REBELLIOUS MIGRATORY WORKERS FROM CONGREGATING IN CITIES, STIRRING UP SEDITION (COMMUNIST FROM CONGREGATING IN CITIES, STIRRING UP SEDITION (COMMUNIST FEAR)FEAR)

BENNETT FULLY SUPPORTED THEIR BEING SET UP BUT THEY WERE BENNETT FULLY SUPPORTED THEIR BEING SET UP BUT THEY WERE ACTUALLY THE BRAIN CHILD OF ANDREW MCNAUGHTONACTUALLY THE BRAIN CHILD OF ANDREW MCNAUGHTON

REGINA RIOT OCCURS ONCE RELIEF CAMPS BECOME HOTBED OF IDEASREGINA RIOT OCCURS ONCE RELIEF CAMPS BECOME HOTBED OF IDEAS

PEOPLE HERE BEGAN TO TALK AND GRUMBLED ABOUT THE GOV’TPEOPLE HERE BEGAN TO TALK AND GRUMBLED ABOUT THE GOV’T

DECIDED TO MARCH ON OTTAWA IN 1935. THE CAMP MEN HOPPED ON DECIDED TO MARCH ON OTTAWA IN 1935. THE CAMP MEN HOPPED ON FREIGHT CARS IN VANCOUVER AND PLANNED ON GOING ALL THE WAY TO FREIGHT CARS IN VANCOUVER AND PLANNED ON GOING ALL THE WAY TO OTTAWAOTTAWA

IN REGINA GROUP PROTESTING AND MOUNTIES BEAT THEM UP PRETTY IN REGINA GROUP PROTESTING AND MOUNTIES BEAT THEM UP PRETTY GOODGOOD

THE RIOTERS SET UP A BARRICADE, STORES WERE LOOTED, AND MOUNTIES THE RIOTERS SET UP A BARRICADE, STORES WERE LOOTED, AND MOUNTIES THEN FENCED THEM IN AND SET UP MACHINE GUN POSITIONSTHEN FENCED THEM IN AND SET UP MACHINE GUN POSITIONS

BOTH ARE EXAMPLES OF HOW BENNETT FEARED THE COMMON PERSON.BOTH ARE EXAMPLES OF HOW BENNETT FEARED THE COMMON PERSON.

BENNETT FEARED A REVOLUTION ALONG MARXIST LINES BENNETT FEARED A REVOLUTION ALONG MARXIST LINES

THE ON TO OTTAWA TREK

ONE OF THE RELIEF CAMPS, THIS ONE IN ALTA

THE DORMITORY ROOMS FOR THEUNEMPLOYED

THE RIOT TO THE RIGHT, ANDSOME OF THE RIOTERSBELOW.

What was Bennett’s New Deal? Did the Canadian What was Bennett’s New Deal? Did the Canadian electorate accept it?electorate accept it?

BENNETT FINALLY CAME UP WITH PLAN TO END DEPRESSION IN BENNETT FINALLY CAME UP WITH PLAN TO END DEPRESSION IN 19351935

IT WAS MODELED AFTER ROOSEVELT’S NEW DEAL IN THE USIT WAS MODELED AFTER ROOSEVELT’S NEW DEAL IN THE US

CALLED FOR EI, SOCIAL SECURITY, MINIMUM WAGE LAWS, SHORTER CALLED FOR EI, SOCIAL SECURITY, MINIMUM WAGE LAWS, SHORTER WORK WEEK, BUT ALSO FOR HUGE PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTSWORK WEEK, BUT ALSO FOR HUGE PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS

THESE PROJECTS MAY COST THE GOVERNMENT LOTS OF MONEY, THESE PROJECTS MAY COST THE GOVERNMENT LOTS OF MONEY, BUT WOULD PUT THOUSANDS TO WORK AND THEIR TAXES WOULD BUT WOULD PUT THOUSANDS TO WORK AND THEIR TAXES WOULD HELP PAY FOR ITHELP PAY FOR IT

THIS WOULD END DEPRESSIONTHIS WOULD END DEPRESSION

OTHER COUNTRIES DOING IT, ROOSEVELT BUILDS THE TVA, HITLER OTHER COUNTRIES DOING IT, ROOSEVELT BUILDS THE TVA, HITLER BUILDING THE AUTOBAHNBUILDING THE AUTOBAHN

IN CANADA THE ELECTORATE DID NOT BELIEVE BENNETT, HE HAD IN CANADA THE ELECTORATE DID NOT BELIEVE BENNETT, HE HAD FAILED TO END DEPRESSION FOR FIVE YEARS, WHY GIVE HIM FAILED TO END DEPRESSION FOR FIVE YEARS, WHY GIVE HIM CHANCE TO FAIL AGAINCHANCE TO FAIL AGAIN

THEY FELT THIS WAS JUST A PLOY TO WIN RE-ELECTION BY BENNETT THEY FELT THIS WAS JUST A PLOY TO WIN RE-ELECTION BY BENNETT AND THAT IF HE HAD GOOD IDEAS HE SHOULD HAVE ALREADY USED AND THAT IF HE HAD GOOD IDEAS HE SHOULD HAVE ALREADY USED THEMTHEM

BENNETT WAS TRYING TO HELP, BUT TOO LITTLE TOO LATE AND BENNETT WAS TRYING TO HELP, BUT TOO LITTLE TOO LATE AND LOSES ELECTIONLOSES ELECTION

What were the results of the 1935 What were the results of the 1935 election? What does this say about election? What does this say about the trust the Canadian people had in the trust the Canadian people had in the Bennett government?the Bennett government?

- LIBS- LIBS 171171 - CONS- CONS 39 39 - SOCIAL CREDIT 17- SOCIAL CREDIT 17 - CCF- CCF 7 7 - RECONSTRUCTION 1- RECONSTRUCTION 1 - IND- IND 10 10

HUGE MAJORITY FOR LIBS AND KING. FARMERS, HUGE MAJORITY FOR LIBS AND KING. FARMERS, PROGRESSIVES GONE FEDERALLYPROGRESSIVES GONE FEDERALLY

PEOPLE FELT BENNETT HAD FAILED, GIVE KING A CHANCE, PEOPLE FELT BENNETT HAD FAILED, GIVE KING A CHANCE, VOTED FOR CHANGE REALLYVOTED FOR CHANGE REALLY

Why is it a good thing for King that he lost the Why is it a good thing for King that he lost the election of 1930? How did this help him in the end? election of 1930? How did this help him in the end?

THE LIBS LOST THE ELECTION OF 1930 BECAUSE THE THE LIBS LOST THE ELECTION OF 1930 BECAUSE THE DEPRESSION WAS STARTING AND BENNETT SAID HE DEPRESSION WAS STARTING AND BENNETT SAID HE COULD STOPCOULD STOP

THAT PUT THE CONSERVATIVES IN POWER DURING THE THAT PUT THE CONSERVATIVES IN POWER DURING THE WORST YEAR’S IN OUR COUNTRY’S HISTORY, AND WORST YEAR’S IN OUR COUNTRY’S HISTORY, AND WRONGLY OR RIGHTLY THEY GOT THE BLAMEWRONGLY OR RIGHTLY THEY GOT THE BLAME

FIVE YEARS LATER THEY LOOKED FOR CHANGE AND FIVE YEARS LATER THEY LOOKED FOR CHANGE AND GAVE KING WHAT HE NEEDEDGAVE KING WHAT HE NEEDED

IF DEPRESSION NOT OVER BY 1939-1940 HE WOULD IF DEPRESSION NOT OVER BY 1939-1940 HE WOULD PROBABLY HAVE SUFFERED SIMILAR FATEPROBABLY HAVE SUFFERED SIMILAR FATE

YET LATE 1930’S DEPRESSION STARTING TO END, THEN YET LATE 1930’S DEPRESSION STARTING TO END, THEN WAR BREAKS OUT SO KING SAFE IN SEAT AS WAR WAR BREAKS OUT SO KING SAFE IN SEAT AS WAR ECONOMY ENDS THE DEPRESSION GLOBALLYECONOMY ENDS THE DEPRESSION GLOBALLY

MULTI PARTY SYSTEM IN MULTI PARTY SYSTEM IN CANADACANADA

WE’VE LOOKED AT UFO, UFA, UFM, WE’VE LOOKED AT UFO, UFA, UFM, PROGRESSIVES, LABOUR ETC. PROGRESSIVES, LABOUR ETC.

WHILE MOST DON’T LAST, THE MOVEMENT DOESWHILE MOST DON’T LAST, THE MOVEMENT DOES

WERE THESE THE FIRST? NO REPEALERS, WERE THESE THE FIRST? NO REPEALERS, AUTONOMISTES ETCAUTONOMISTES ETC

WHY DO PEOPLE MOVE TO THIRD PARTIES? WHY DO PEOPLE MOVE TO THIRD PARTIES? DISSENT WITH BIG TWODISSENT WITH BIG TWO

IN THE END THE MOST LASTING OF THEM WAS IN THE END THE MOST LASTING OF THEM WAS THE CCFTHE CCF

CO-OPERATIVE CO-OPERATIVE COMMONWEALTH FEDERATIONCOMMONWEALTH FEDERATION FOUNDED BY J S WOODSWORTHFOUNDED BY J S WOODSWORTH

WOODSWORTH BORN 1874 ETOBICOKE ONTARIOWOODSWORTH BORN 1874 ETOBICOKE ONTARIO

MOVES TO MANITOBA 1885 WHEN FATHER GETS MOVES TO MANITOBA 1885 WHEN FATHER GETS MINISTER’S JOBMINISTER’S JOB

SEES EVILS OF INDUSTRIALISMSEES EVILS OF INDUSTRIALISM

CALLED FOR SOCIAL GOV’TCALLED FOR SOCIAL GOV’T

ANTI CONSCRIPTION DURING WAR, SOCIAL ANTI CONSCRIPTION DURING WAR, SOCIAL GOSPEL ESPOUSERGOSPEL ESPOUSER

1918 HE RESIGNS FROM CHURCH BECAUSE THEY 1918 HE RESIGNS FROM CHURCH BECAUSE THEY SUPPORTED WARSUPPORTED WAR

HE WAS PACIFIST EVEN DURING GENERAL STRIKEHE WAS PACIFIST EVEN DURING GENERAL STRIKE

ARRESTED, RELEASED (SEDITION) ARRESTED, RELEASED (SEDITION)

RUNS FOR PARLIAMENT, LABOUR MP WHO RUNS FOR PARLIAMENT, LABOUR MP WHO SUPPORTS MACKENZIE KINGSUPPORTS MACKENZIE KING

MP FROM 1921-1942 (21-32 LABOUR; 32-42 AS MP FROM 1921-1942 (21-32 LABOUR; 32-42 AS CCF)CCF)

1932 WOODSWORTH FOUNDS CCF PARTY1932 WOODSWORTH FOUNDS CCF PARTY

WRITES REGINA MANIFESTO WHY BAD NAME?WRITES REGINA MANIFESTO WHY BAD NAME?

CCF, SOCIALIST, BUT LABELED COMMUNISTCCF, SOCIALIST, BUT LABELED COMMUNIST

REGINA MANIFESTOREGINA MANIFESTO NATIONALIZED BANKING INDUSTRYNATIONALIZED BANKING INDUSTRY NATIONALIZED FINANCE, INSURANCE NATIONALIZED FINANCE, INSURANCE

INDUSTRYINDUSTRY NATIONALIZED TRANSPORTATION, HEALTH NATIONALIZED TRANSPORTATION, HEALTH

CARE, COMMUNICATION, ELECTRICITY CARE, COMMUNICATION, ELECTRICITY UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCEUNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE CROP FAILURE INSURANCECROP FAILURE INSURANCE NATIONAL LABOUR CODENATIONAL LABOUR CODE NATIONAL TAX SYSTEM TO ESTABLISH NATIONAL TAX SYSTEM TO ESTABLISH

SOCIAL WELFARE SYSTEMSOCIAL WELFARE SYSTEM DO WE HAVE THIS TODAY? GUESS WHY?DO WE HAVE THIS TODAY? GUESS WHY?

HISTORY OF CCFHISTORY OF CCF

WINS MANY PROVINCIAL ELECTIONS WINS MANY PROVINCIAL ELECTIONS IN WEST PRIMARILYIN WEST PRIMARILY

CHANGE NAME IN 1962 TO NDP TO CHANGE NAME IN 1962 TO NDP TO ALLEVIATE SOCIALISM ASPECTALLEVIATE SOCIALISM ASPECT

SOCIAL CREDIT PARTYSOCIAL CREDIT PARTY ANOTHER PARTY FROM THE WEST, BORN DURING ANOTHER PARTY FROM THE WEST, BORN DURING

DEPRESSIONDEPRESSION

BLAMED DEPRESSION ON INDUSTRIALISTS AND BLAMED DEPRESSION ON INDUSTRIALISTS AND BANKING SYSTEMBANKING SYSTEM

FOUNDED BY WILLIAM ABERHART, SCHOOL FOUNDED BY WILLIAM ABERHART, SCHOOL TEACHER AND RADIO EVANGELISTTEACHER AND RADIO EVANGELIST

BIBLE BILL. USE SCRIPTURE AS SOCIAL GUIDING BIBLE BILL. USE SCRIPTURE AS SOCIAL GUIDING PRINCIPLEPRINCIPLE

1935 PREMIER OF ALBERTA. SPEND WAY OUT. GIVE 1935 PREMIER OF ALBERTA. SPEND WAY OUT. GIVE EVERYONE MONEY, THEY’LL SPEND IT AND SPARK EVERYONE MONEY, THEY’LL SPEND IT AND SPARK ECONOMY. SOCREDS IN POWER UNTIL 1972ECONOMY. SOCREDS IN POWER UNTIL 1972

FEDERAL GOV’T SAID UNCONSTITUTIONALFEDERAL GOV’T SAID UNCONSTITUTIONAL

WILLIAM “BIBLE BILL” ABERHART. FOUNDER OF THE SOCIALCREDIT PARTY

OTHER PARTIESOTHER PARTIES

CREDITISTECREDITISTE UNION NATIONALEUNION NATIONALE PQPQ BQBQ FLQFLQ ADQADQ GREEN PARTYGREEN PARTY SEMI SERIOUS RHINOCEROS PARTY OF SEMI SERIOUS RHINOCEROS PARTY OF

CANADA. THEY SHOULD WIN SOON…CANADA. THEY SHOULD WIN SOON…