intelligent transport system (its)

INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION

SYSTEMS

By M V NithinLinkedin : [email protected]

Contributed to:

CIVILSCHOLAR

WWW.CIVILSCHOLAR.COM

• Introduction

• Background Situation of Promoting ITS

• Intelligent Transportation Technologies

• Intelligent Transportation Applications

• Benefits of Intelligent Transportation System

• References

• Presentation Outline


• ITS is the integratedapplication of advancedtechnologies using Electronics, Computers, Communications, and Advanced sensors. These applications provide travellers with important information while improving the safety and efficiency of the transportation system.

INTRODUCTION


BACKGROUND SITUATION OF PROMOTING ITS To Solve Social Problems caused by Road

To activate the Economy

To reach an Advanced Information and Tele communication Society

To Co-ordinate different Transport Modes


INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES

(1) Wireless Communications :

• Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) :

It offers communication between the vehicle and the roadside in specific locations (for example toll plazas) Applications such as Electronic Fee Collection(EFC) will operate over DSRC. It is a sub-set of the RFID - technology (Radio-Frequency Identification).


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RFID

Continuous Air interface Long and Medium range (CALM)provides continuous communications between a vehicle and the roadside using a variety of communication media, including cellular and infra-red links.

• Continuous Air interface Long and Medium range (CALM) :


(2) Floating Car Data/Floating Cellular Data :

• Non Real-time:– Manual surveys.– Video recording and manual search.– In-vehicle data recording.

• Real-time:– Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR).– GPS trace + mobile comms e.g. GSM.– Radio Signal Triangulation.– Roadside beacon + dedicated short range tag.


(3) Inductive loop detection :

• One or more loops of wire are embedded under the road & connected to a control box.

• When a vehicle passes over or rests on the loop, inductance is reduced showing a vehicle is present.

• Benefits:

• Established Technology• Not impacted by

environmental conditions • Accurate in detecting vehicle

presence• Performs well in both high

and low volume traffic.WWW.CIVILSCHOLAR.COM

Radar and acoustic sensors are also used for detecting vehicles in the roadway.


(4) Video Vehicle Detection :Video vehicle detection (VVD) is the One of the most widely used method. Video detection is an image processor. It consists of a microprocessor-base CPU and software that analyzes video images.


INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION APPLICATIONS

(1) Electronic Toll Collection :• Today, most toll roads are

equipped with an electronic toll-collection system, like FASTag & E-Zpass, that detects and processes tolls electronically.

• FASTag is a device that employs Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology for making toll payments. Courtesy:HowStuffWorks


FASTag enabled Toll Plaza

Tag affixed on Wind Screen

RFID Tag Reader


What are the benefits of using FASTag?

Environmental benefit Social benefit Economic benefit

• Reduced air pollution • Reduced use of paper

•Reduced toll payment hassles •Analytics for better highway management

• Reduced effort in management at toll plaza • Reduced effort in monitoring centrally

1.Ease of payment – No need to carry cash for the toll transactions, saves time 2.Near non-stop movement of vehicles leading to lower fuel cost. 3.Online Recharge – FASTag can be recharged online through Credit Card / Debit Card / NEFT/ RTGS or Net banking 4.SMS alerts for toll transactions, low balance, etc. 5.Online Portal for customers Other benefits are:


2) Variable Message Service:• Variable message signs (VMS) are traffic control devices used to provide

motorists en- route traveler information.


• A traffic enforcement camera system, consisting of a Camera and a Vehicle-monitoring device, is used to detect and identify vehicles disobeying Speed Limit

(3) Automatic Road Enforcement :


(4) Collision Avoidance Systems :

Intersection Collision Warning Obstacle

Detection

Lane Change assistance Lane Departure Warning


Collision Avoidance Systems ………

Rollover Warning Road Departure Mitigation

Front-End collision warning WWW.CIVILSCHOLAR.COM

(5) Traveler Information Service :Information is Generated …

Traffic Sensor

Aerial surveillance

Weather Monitoring

Incident Detection

Transit Location

•Delay•Incident•Road Weather•Next Bus•Traveler Times•Emergency Alerts•Alternate Routes

Sent to Travelers ..

Travelers Respond

Change Route

Change Departure

Time

Change Mode

Change Destination


(6) Emergency Management Services : Emergency Management Services are greatly enhanced by traffic control centres that continually monitor roadway conditions.

RAKSHA SAFEDRIVE

Highway Patrol Ambulance

Courtesy: Safe Drive BlogWWW.CIVILSCHOLAR.COM

Image Courtesy: ETSI

FUNCTIONING OF ITS


• Time Savings

• Better emergency response times and services

• Reduced Crashes and Fatalities

• Cost Avoidance

• Increased Customer Satisfaction

• Energy and Environmental Benefits

• Decreasing of probability of congestion occurrence

ADVANTAGES OF ITS :


DISADVANTAGES OF ITS:• Difficult to use in mixed traffic

• Preliminary difficulties in understanding

• Equipment of ITS is costly

• High Maintenance cost


PROJECTED ITS INFRASTRUCTURE BENEFITS

(2000-2020)

Source : Apogee Report on Global ITS Benefits

Accident Cost Savings

44%

Time Saving41%

Fuel Savings11%

Operating Cost Savings4%


References :https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_transportation_system

http://rno-its.piarc.org/en

https://safedriveblogs.wordpress.com/

https://www.bmw.co.uk/

www.team-bhp.com

www.nhai.org


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intelligent transport system (its)

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