Integumentary System

Functions of Integumentary System

Integumentary System

4 Main Functions

Contains skin, hair, and nails

1. ProtectionKeeps water inKeeps foreign

particles out2. Nerve endings

sense environment3. Regulate body

temperature4. Rids of waste

chemicals

Layers of SkinEpidermis

Dermis

Outermost layerMost cells are dead

Thicker layerBelow Epidermis

Hair Follicle

Hair

Nail Root

Nail

Tiny sac where hair grows

Protects from UV light

Helps regulate body temperature

Base of nail where growth occurs

Protects tips of fingers and toes

Skin InjuriesSkin is often damagedCan repair itselfDamage to skin’s DNA can cause skin

cancer

Muscular System

Types of MuscleSmooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Skeletal Muscle

InvoluntaryFound in digestive

system

InvoluntaryFound in heart

Voluntary or involuntary

Attached to bonesUsed for

movement

MovementTendons

Flexor

Extensor

Tough connective tissue

Connects skeletal muscle to bones

Muscle that bends part of your body

Straightens part of your body

Muscle InjuryStrain

Tendonitis

Anabolic Steroids

Muscle or tendon is overstretched

Swollen tendonsCan happen in

people who exercise too much

Increases muscle strength

Causes long-term health problems

Skeletal System

Skeletal System

Compact Bone

Spongy Bone

Marrow

Made from bones, cartilage, and connective tissue

No visible open spaces

Many open spaces

Soft tissue found inside bones

Cartilage

4 Main functions of Skeletal System

Flexible tissueSupportMost replaced by

bone as organism grows

1. Protection2. Storage3. Movement4. Blood Cell

Formation

Protection

Storage

Movement

Blood cellFormation

• Ribs protect heart and lungs• Skull protects brain• Vertebrate protects spinal cord

• Bones store minerals for nerves and muscles• Long bones store fat to use for energy

• Allows you to sit, stand and walk

• Marrow in bones makes blood cells

JointsJoint

Ligament

3 Types of Joints

Place where two or more bones meet

Holds together bones and joints

1. Gliding Joint2. Ball-and-Socket

Joint3. Hinge Joint

Bone InjuriesFracture

Crack in the bone

BreakBone is detached

at some place

Bone DiseasesArthritis

Osteoporosis

Causes joints to swell or stiffen

Causes bones to lose density