integration of uav into civil atc/atm atm-simulation präsentation, 09-09-29 folie 1 integration of...
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Usico Präsentation, 09-09-29 Folie 1
Integration of UAV into civil ATC/ATMATM-Simulation
Braunschweig 2009-10-01
Heinrich Dörgeloh, Bernd Keck, Elmar Klostermann, Dirk-Roger Schmitt, DLR
(UAV Safety Issues for Civil Operations)
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Simulation Concept for UAV Integration
VHF COMSSR transponder
strobe lightsTCAS IIsense & avoid
relay C³ link
Relay Other aircraft
direct C³ link
C-UAV
UAV Control Station
Avionics System( NAV / FMS / AFCS / FTS)
telephone
Air Traffic Control
Comm delay
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Real Time Simulation
Mission Scenario:- Surveillance Mission of a MALE UAV- from regional airport Frankfurt-Hahn- to mission area north of Bautzen
Scenario of Real Time Simulation:- UAV crossing TMA Frankfurt on itsoutbound and inbound flight
- UAV emergencies within the TMA
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Objectives of ATC/ATM Real Time Simulations
Evaluation of the UAV integration concept:i Normal operations
i Emergency Operations:i Standard emergency procedures:
i Comm Lossi Thrust Loss
iUAV specific emergency proceduresi (additional emergency codes)
Investigation of UAV specifics:i Communication delay for voice and data
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UAV events to be evaluated by simulations
i Loss of Thrust (or other emergency case) : squawk 7700
i Communication Failurei Transmitter Failure; squawk 7600i Total Communication Failure; squawk 7600
i Data-Link Loss; squawk 7600
i Communication Failure and Data-Link Loss; squawk 7600
i Transponder Failure (loss of altitude information)
i Avoidance of a severe weather ( Thunderstorm )
i Loss of Separation (to be defined)
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Evaluation Methods
Subjective Measurementsi ISA (Instanteneous Self Assessment)
Objective Measurementsi Time for Communication
i Others
Questionnairesi Post Run Debrief
i NASA-TLXi DFS questionnaire
i Final Debrief Questionnaire
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Simulated Centres
i Frankfurt Arrival (ARR) and Frankfurt Area Control Centre (ACC)
i west-sector "Langen Radar"i radar approach controller "Frankfurt Arrival"
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Simulated AirspaceFIR Frankfurt: TMA Frankfurt & Sector West (modified)
Langen RadarFrankfurt Arrival
dummy sector
dummy sector
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Simulated Traffic
Hahn
Background Traffic:- Arrivals (26 –38)- Departures (0 – 13)- Overflights (4 – 6)
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Simulated Traffic
i Arrival traffic EDDF
i Departure traffic EDDF
i Overflights
i UAV TrafficFixed wing MALE departure from West or North from FrankfurtMission requires crossing of TMA Frankfurt
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Simulated MALE UAV
Wing span (m) 22.6
Length (m) 10.68
Normal cruise (kcas) 110
Max. ceiling (ft) 45000
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USICO Simulation Room Layout, CWPs
TC
Controller Working Positions
Sector West Pickup
PC TC PC
Supervisor
SV
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Pseudo Pilot Working Positions
i Sector West: 1 pseudo pilot
i Sector North: unmanned, dummy traffic
i Sector South: unmanned, dummy traffic
i TMA: 3 pseudo pilots
i additional: UAV pilots
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USICO Simulation Room Layout, Pseudo Pilots
PP-WP
PP1
PP-WP
PP2
PP-WP
PP3
PP-WP
PP4
Pseudo Pilot Working Positions
PP5 PP6
UAV UAV
UAV Working Positions
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Simulation Setup
UAV Pilot (FHS Sim)
Pseudo Pilots
Air Traffic Management and Operations SimulatorATMOS
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Simulation Environment
Communicationi Telephone communication between sector controller and arrival controller
i Telephone communication between controller and UAV pilot if requested
Simulated Radio Telephonyi Radio telephony for the controller / pseudo pilot voice communication
specially designed intercommunication device operation over wire link
i Communication delay for satellite link is implemented: i 1.5 s
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USICO Simulation Runs (Example)
Scenario No. 1Name usico_1_uav_efScenario Description Engine failure of an UAVUAV Mission Description tbdSimulation Area FIR FrankfurtWorking Positions
Controller Working PositionEDDF, West Sector: 2 controller (TC, PC)EDDF, South Sector dummyEDDF, North Sector dummyEDDF, Arrival 2 controller (TC, PC)EDDF, Feeder not used
Pseudo Pilot Working PositionNormal Aircraft 4 pseudo pilotsUAV Traffic 1 UAV pseudo pilot
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USICO Simulation Runs (Example cont)
StatisticsTotal Number of aircraft: 40
Arrival aircrafts: 30Overflights: 10UAV: 1
PercentageWeight Classes SectorsH 30 %, 33 % WestM 60 %, 33 % NorthL 10 % 33 % South
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First Resultsbased on controllers‘s comments
iGeneralNo special problems with UAV in airspaceIntegration concept allows treatment of UAV like normal aircraft
Relay
C-UAV
UAV ControlStation
Air TrafficControl
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First Resultsbased on controllers‘s comments (cont 1)
iEmergency Codes7600 for data link loss and comm loss appropriate7700 for unpredictable emergency behaviour only
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iTelephone comm between controller and UAVpilot is a benefit compared to manned aircraft
UAV Control Station Air Traffic Control
First Resultsbased on controllers‘s comments (cont 2)
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Workload of controllers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
A/ C
Week 1
Week 2
2 UASs