integrating the economic, social and environmental pillars of sustainable development in asia and...
TRANSCRIPT
Integrating the Economic, Social and Integrating the Economic, Social and Environmental Pillars of Sustainable Environmental Pillars of Sustainable Development in Asia and the PacificDevelopment in Asia and the Pacific
Dr. Noeleen HeyzerUnder-Secretary-General of the United Nations
and Executive Secretary of ESCAP
Dialogue of Executive Secretaries of Regional Commissionswith Second Committee of the United Nations General Assembly
4 October 2011, New York
Challenges of sustaining development in the Asia-Pacific region today
0 2 4 6 8 10
Europe
Latin America and Caribbean
Middle East
Africa
Asia-Pacific
Percentage
2011
2010
0 2 4 6 8 10
Europe
Latin America and Caribbean
Middle East
Africa
Asia-Pacific
Percentage
2011
2010
Region’s dynamic growth threatened by new economic uncertainties
ESCAP Economic and Social Survey 2011
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
GDP per capita (international dollars of 2005)
Hea
dco
un
t p
ove
rty
rate
(p
er c
ent)
Rural China 1987-2005
Urban China 1987-2005
Indonesia 1987-2005
Bangladesh 1992-2005
India 1988-2005
Philippines 1988-2006
Sri Lanka 1985-2002
Viet Nam 1993-2006
Economic growth has had a large impacton poverty reduction
ESCAP Economic and Social Survey 2011
Pakistan
Indonesia
Philippines
Viet Nam
Thailand
Bangladesh
Sri Lanka
Turkey
Russian Federation
Lao PDR
China
India
Iran (Islamic Rep. of)
Kazakhstan
Cambodia
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
Growth in per capita GDP minus growth in per capita average household consumption (per cent)
Median = 1.7%
But growth has not fully benefitted households and social injustice has risen
ESCAP Economic and Social Survey 2011
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
300 500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100
Average annual consumption per capita ($ PPP 2005)
Inequ
ality
extra
ction
ratio
Rural China 1990-2005
Rural India 1978-2005
Philippines 1985-2006
Urban China 1990-2005
Cambodia 1994-2004
Sri Lanka 1985-2002
Rural Indonesia 1984-2005
Viet Nam 1993-2006
And the scale of deprivation is still large
ESCAP /UNDP/ADB : Asia –Pacific MDG Report 2010/11
High food and energy prices are serious threats
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1/2 x Food price rise & oil $105 1x Food price rise & oil $115 2 x Food price rise & oil $135
42.4
20.2
9.8
People affected: 2011 (millions)
Prevented to get out of poverty
Pushed into poverty
ESCAP Economic and Social Survey 2011
ESCAP Economic and Social Survey 2011
Food and oil price trends
Growth has also increased pressures on natural resources
Materials consumption
Carbon dioxide emissions per capita
BP CO2 Data
CSIRO-UNEP: Asia-Pacific Materials Flow Data Base
Energy intensity of GDP (toe/’000 2000 $)
Opportunities to sustain growth at a lower natural resource cost
ADB: Improving Energy Security and Reducing Carbon Intensity in Asia and the Pacific
Primary energy mix
UNDESA: World Economic and Social Survey 2011
Summing up…
People in Asia-Pacific developing countries earned in 2008 what people in developed countries earned 80-100 years ago.
UNDESA: World Economic and Social Survey 2011
Per capita income trends: 1850-2008
Rising up to the challenges: integrating the economic and social pillars
ESCAP Economic and Social Survey 2011
Rising up to the challenges: integrating the environmental pillar
UNEP: Green Economy Report
Projected GDP trends under a green investment scenario
Asia-Pacific initiatives towards a more sustainable future
Guiding principles
Regional Commissions in the institutional framework for sustainable development
