What is Insurance? Evolution Types of Insurance Insurance Sector Reforms FDI’S Global Players – Indian Mergers LIC Global Growth Indian Scenario Careers Conclusion

Insurance, in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss.

Insurance is defined as the equitable transfer of the risk of a potential loss, from one entity to another, in exchange for a premium.

Insurance rate is a factor used to determine the amount, called the premium, to be charged for a certain amount of insurance coverage

Risk management, the practice of appraising and controlling risk, has evolved as a discrete field of study and practice

1818 - Oriental Life Insurance Company – 1st Insurance Company.

1870 - Bombay Mutual Life Assurance Society – 1st Life Insurance Company.

1912 - The Indian Life Assurance Companies Act enacted the 1st Law to Regulate the Life Insurance Business.

1928 - The Indian Insurance Companies Act enacted to enable the government to collect statistical information about both life & non-life insurance businesses.

1938: Earlier legislation consolidated & amended the Insurance Act with the objective of protecting the interests of the insuring public.

1956: 245 Indian & foreign insurers & provident societies are taken over by the central government & nationalized.

LIC formed by an Act of Parliament, viz. LIC Act, 1956, with a capital contribution of Rs. 5 crore from the Government of India.

The first General Insurance Company established in the year 1850 in Calcutta by the British.

Contd…..

Types of Insurance

Life insurance

Non - Life Insurance

(general insurance)

Property (eg.Builders risk insurance)

Aviation(eg.Private aircraft insurance)

Marine (eg. Marine hull insurance)

Miscellaneous (eg.Purchase insurance)

IRDA Major Functions of IRDA as per IRDA Act, 1999 - a)Issuing, renewing, modifying, withdrawing, cancelling certificate of registration

b)Ensuring orderly development of the insurance business

c)Protecting the interest of the policy holders and formulating policies for such protection

d)Laydown procedures for accounting policies to be adopted by insurance companies

e)Inspection and audit of insurance companies

f)Regulation of product development and their pricing

g)Regulating investments of funds by the insurance companies

h)Ensuring the health of the industry by preventing sickness through appropriate actions

In 1993, Malhotra Committee - headed by former Finance Secretary & RBI Governor R.N. Malhotra.

Objective - to create more efficient & competitive financial system.

Key recommendations of the reform;

1.Structure: – a. government stake 50% in insurance companies.

2.Competition: Private Companies with a minimum paid up capital of Rs.1bn should be

allowed to enter the sector.

No Company should deal in both life and general insurance through a single entity.

Foreign companies may be allowed to enter the industry in collaboration with the domestic companies.

Regulatory Body:

• The insurance act should be changed.

• An insurance regulatory body should be set up.

• Controller of insurance-a part of the Finance Ministry – should be made independent.

Investments :

• Mandatory Investments of LIC Life Fund in government securities to be reduced from 75% to 50%.

• GIC and its subsidiaries are not to hold more than 5% in any company.

Customer Service:

• LIC should pay interest on delay on payment beyond 30 days.

• Insurance companies must be encouraged to set up unit link pension plans.

FDI-Insurance sector

AVIVA

American International American International Group, Inc. (AIG)Group, Inc. (AIG)

Prudential PLCPrudential PLC

•Aviva is the fifth-largest insurance group of the world & the biggest in the UK.

• They are among the leading providers of life & pensions products in Europe.

•Aviva has a 35 million-customer base worldwide and more than £332 billion of assets under management.

•The mission of Aviva is: “to provide prosperity and peace of mind for our customers”.

Aviva Life Insurance

•Aviva was the first foreign insurance company in India to set up its representative office in 1995.

•In India Aviva has a joint venture with Dabur.

•Aviva has 112 Branches in India.

•Aviva products are available in 392 towns & cities across India.

•Annual sales turnover is over Rs.12 billion.

AVIVA INDIA

• AIG is the world's leading international insurance & financial services org, with operations in more than 130 countries & jurisdictions.

• In the United States, AIG companies are the largest underwriters of commercial & industrial insurance.

• AIG companies are the largest underwriters.AIG also has one of the largest U.S. retirement savings.

• AIG American General is a top-ranked life insurer.

• A major focus of AIG's insurance business model is the concept of an underwriting profit.

American International Group, Inc. (AIG)

• Tata AIG General Insurance company is a joint venture between the Tata Group & American International Group, Inc

• The Tata AIG General Insurance company’s offers a complete range of insurance solutions

•The Tata AIG ‘s product innovation

• The rural difference

• The enhancement of distribution channels

TATA AIG

• Prudential PLC is an international financial services company.

• It has a product range of personal banking, insurance, pensions and retail investments, to institutional fund management and property investments .

• In the UK Prudential is a leading life & pensions provider with around 7 million customers.

• It is Asia’s leading European life insurer with life and fund management operations in 12 countries serving some seven million customers.

(Source: www.PrudentialPLC.com)

• ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company is a joint venture between ICICI Bank & Prudential PLC.

• ICICI Prudential was amongst the first private sector insurance companies to begin operations in December 2000.

• The company has a network of about 56,000 advisors; as well as 7 banc assurance and 150 corporate agent tie-ups.

• For the past four years, ICICI Prudential has retained its position as the No. 1 private life insurer in the country.

ICICI PRUDENTIAL

FORMATION: Insurance corporation LIC was formed in September 1956 by an act of

parliament LIC was formed with the capital contribution of 5 crores from the govt. of

India and has the sole mandate of conducting life insurance business in India.

Before the formation of LIC there where 245 Indian and foreign insurers in India.

OBJECTIVES:

To maximize mobilization of peoples savings by making insurance linked saving adequately attractive.

To spread life insurance much more widely and in particularly in rural area, providing them with insurance at reasonable price and adequate finance cover.

LIC has come a long way since its nationalization in 1956 over 40 years later in 1997

LIC had grown from Rs. 3.78 billion of new business in 1957 to Rs 555.5 billion

The rural India accounting for around 40% of the business.

In 1997, LIC had spread to the farthest corners of the country with an extensive network of over 8 lakh agents, 2048 branches(1370cities), 100 Divisional office, 7 Zonal offices and 1 Central office.

LIC has branch offices in U.K., Mauritius, & Fiji. In U.K.

GROWTH:

Premium payment facility through internet, smart card, credit card

Tie up with banks for payment of premium through ATM’S

Market focus initiative

Launching schemes for the rural areas designed to meet their requirement. Derive 60% of its new business from rural areas

The corporation will soon go in for restructuring and is talking with leading management institutes such as the IIM of Lucknow for brushing up its marketing skills, IIM Ahmedabad for fine-tuning its investment skills & IIM Bangalore for polishing its IT skills.

Global insurance premiums grew by 9.7% reached $3.3 trillion by 2006.

The profits of property and casualty insurance industry actually rose by $3.2 billion, or 5.5 %, to $30.6 billion during the first half of 2007.

North America was the most important region with premium income of $1,217 billion in 2006.

Followed by the EU (at $1,198 billion) & Japan (at $492 billion.)

The United States & Japan alone accounted for a half of world insurance premiums.

(source: report by By Dr. Robe P. Hartwig, CPCU President.Insurance Information Institute)

The volume of UK insurance business totaled $295 billion or 9.1% of global premiums by 2006.

Emerging markets accounted for over 85% of the world’s population but generated only 10% of premium.

The ISO results indicate a growth rate in net written premiums of just 0.1 % during the first half of 2007, down substantially from the 2.7 % increase during calendar year 2006.

The 0.1 % increase in premium growth, if maintained through 2007, would represent the lowest growth rates for the during the past 40 years.

(source: report by By Dr. Robert P. Hartwig, CPCU President Insurance Information Institute)

The property/casualty and life insurance industry will not be materially affected by credit market developments.

Because both by law and by the nature of their business, insurers generally limit themselves to the low-risk end of the investing universe.

A small number of P/C insurers provide insurance on the credit-worthiness on mortgage-backed securities.

The loss ratios for the credit insurance products of these companies are likely to rise due to increased delinquencies and defaults.

At least half of these companies are parts of larger financial services groups, so that the experience of this line of business is, for them, a small part of their overall operations.

As such, it is much too early to estimate the dimensions of the claims experience that may emerge from the recent credit market developments.

Of course some companies will be affected more than others, and the depth and length of the credit market “challenges” might be more adverse than many experts currently foresee .

But for now, these developments do not appear poised to adversely affect the insurance industry’s ability to pay its claims and continue to have financially successful operations.

(source: report by By Dr. Robert P. Hartwig, CPCU President Insurance Information Institute)

Life insurance industry grows 49% New Delhi June 14, 2007

life insurance industry - 49 % growth in new businesses,

general insurance players - 16 % increase in April,

Life Insurance Corporation, ICICI Prudential and SBI Life & 16 other players

Rs 2,982 crore in April’07 ------- with Rs 1,996 crore in April’06

Country’s largest life insurer – LIC saw new premiums grow 57 % to Rs 2,134 crore in April by selling 15,89,684 policies against Rs 1,355 crore last year. It had a market share of 71.56 % in April.

life insurers - Bajaj Allianz, ING Vysya Life & Reliance Life saw a decline in premium collections.

Insurers Premium[Rs.Cr.]

ICICI Prudential 271.00

Bajaj Allianz 124.00

SBI Life 90.00

HDFC Standard 70.00

Max New York Life 69.00

Tata AIG 48.00

Aviva 39.00

Reliance Life 33.00

Birla Sunlife 28.00

Kotak Mahindra Old

Mutual 26.00

ING Vysya 22.00

Met Life 19.00

Shriram Life 4.50

Sahara Life 1.70

Bharti Axa Life 0.72

“Indian Insurance Industry: New Avenues for Growth 2012”,

The potential of the Indian insurance industry is huge. HOW??? ….. It has an annual growth rate of 15-20% & …..the largest number of life insurance policies in force.

Total value of the Indian insurance market (2004-05) is at Rs. 450 billion (US$10 billion).

Insurance & Banking Services’ contribution to the country's gross domestic product (GDP) is 7%

The funds available with the state-owned Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) for investments are 8% of GDP.

The year 1999 saw a revolution in the Indian insurance sector------the ending of government monopoly -----the passage of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) Bill

“A foreign partner can hold 26% equity in an insurance company, but there was a proposal to increase this limit to 49%.

Foreign investments of Rs. 8.7 billion have poured into the Indian market & 21 private companies have been granted licenses.

India's insurance sector to see 500 per cent growth by 2010: Study

India's insurance sector - 500 % growth over the next three years - 60 billion-dollar industry by 2010

India's more than one billion people are uninsured, the study by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry (Assocham) said.

'A large part of rural India is still untapped due to poor distribution, large distances & high costs relative to returns,‘ said Assocham president Anil K Agarwal

He said the study had revealed that rural & semi-urban India would contribute 35 billion dollars to the Indian insurance industry by 2010.

The study added that the urban sector insurance was estimated to reach 25 billion dollars by 2010, life insurance 15 billion and non- life insurance 10 billion dollars.

Source: Business News

retain only a part of the risk less than 10%. balance risk is re-insured. re-insurance is insurer's insurance. the backbone of the insurance business. provides a better spread of risk in the international market, allows primary

insurers to accept risks beyond their capacity, settle accumulated losses arising from catastrophic events & maintain their financial stability.

GIC - the major re-insurer. all insurance companies have to give 20 per cent of their reinsurance

business to GIC. GIC reinsures the amount further with international companies such as

Swissre (Switzerland), Munichre (Germany), and Royale (UK).

Jobs in insurance involve helping individuals and businessmanage risk to protect themselves from catastrophic lossesand to anticipate potential risk problems.

Insurance brokers and agents

Claims handlers [are responsible for investigating incidents and paying claims. They decide the extent and validity of the claim]

Underwriters [assess risks and decide whether to accept applications for insurance cover - and on what terms]

Insurance can be summed up as “Praying for the best …

…being PREPARED for the WROST”.

Conclusion

Anukriti Bisht 03 Leven D’souza 10 Mohsin Khan 17 Siddharth Shah 50 Hinal Vira 57