institute of technology sligo - dept of computing lan maps & symbols topologies & devices...
Post on 20-Dec-2015
216 views
TRANSCRIPT
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAN Maps & SymbolsLAN Maps & Symbols
Topologies & DevicesTopologies & Devices
Paul Flynn
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
By the end of this Chapter, you will be
able to name and describe all the symbols in this
diagram.
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Physical & Logical TopologiesPhysical & Logical Topologies
Physical TopologiesPhysical Topologies define the actual define the actual layout of the wire (media).layout of the wire (media). For example, this classroom’s wiring is For example, this classroom’s wiring is
laid out in an extended starlaid out in an extended star Logical TopologiesLogical Topologies define how the define how the
media is accessed by the hosts.media is accessed by the hosts. For example, in this classroom hosts For example, in this classroom hosts
access the media on a first come, first access the media on a first come, first served basisserved basis
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Physical TopologiesPhysical Topologies
Bus
Ring
Star
ExtendedStar
Hierarchical
Mesh
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Bus TopologyBus Topology
Single backboneSingle backbone
All hosts directly All hosts directly connected to backboneconnected to backbone
Each end of the bus Each end of the bus must be properly must be properly terminatedterminated
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Ring TopologyRing Topology
No backboneNo backbone
A host is directly A host is directly connected to each of its connected to each of its neighborsneighbors
Used for token passing Used for token passing logical topologieslogical topologies
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Star TopologyStar Topology
All devices connected to All devices connected to a central pointa central point
Center of star is usually Center of star is usually a hub or a switcha hub or a switch
Used for Ethernet Used for Ethernet technologiestechnologies
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Extended Star TopologyExtended Star Topology
Connects individual star Connects individual star topologies together.topologies together.
At the center of the star At the center of the star is a hub or a switch.is a hub or a switch.
Extends the length and Extends the length and size of the network.size of the network.
This is the topology we This is the topology we are using in our lab!are using in our lab!
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Hierarchical TopologyHierarchical Topology
Like the extended star Like the extended star except a computer except a computer controls traffic—not a controls traffic—not a hub or a switch.hub or a switch.
Server
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Mesh TopologyMesh Topology
Each host has its own Each host has its own connection to every connection to every other hostother host
Used in situations where Used in situations where communication communication must notmust not be interrupted.be interrupted.
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Logical TopologiesLogical Topologies
Broadcast TopologyBroadcast Topology Each host on the LAN sends its data (or Each host on the LAN sends its data (or
broadcasts its data) to every other host.broadcasts its data) to every other host. Access to media is based of “first-come, Access to media is based of “first-come,
first-serve.” (Ethernet works this way)first-serve.” (Ethernet works this way) Token Passing TopologyToken Passing Topology
Access to media is controlled by an Access to media is controlled by an electronic token.electronic token.
Possession of the token gives the host the Possession of the token gives the host the right to pass data to its destination.right to pass data to its destination.
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAN Media SymbolsLAN Media Symbols
TokenRing
FDDIRing
EthernetLine
SerialLine
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAN Device Symbols—Layer LAN Device Symbols—Layer 11
Transceiver
Hub
Repeater
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAYER 1—RepeaterLAYER 1—Repeater
Cleans up (regenerates) and repeats the Cleans up (regenerates) and repeats the signal.signal.
Used when a network’s cabling extends Used when a network’s cabling extends beyond its capability.beyond its capability.
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAYER 1—TransceiverLAYER 1—Transceiver
TransTransmitter and Remitter and Receiverceiver of electronic of electronic signals—specialized repeater.signals—specialized repeater.
Connects different media technologiesConnects different media technologies
Also called a MAU (Media Attachment Also called a MAU (Media Attachment Unit)Unit)
FiberCat 5 UTP
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAYER 1—HubLAYER 1—Hub
Simply a multi-port repeater.Simply a multi-port repeater.
Used to connect multiple devices to the Used to connect multiple devices to the same network drop.same network drop.
The Cloud
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAN Device Symbols—Layer LAN Device Symbols—Layer 22
Bridge
Switch
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAYER 2—BridgeLAYER 2—Bridge
Connects two LAN segments.Connects two LAN segments.
Keeps traffic local by filtering traffic Keeps traffic local by filtering traffic based on MAC Addresses.based on MAC Addresses.
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAYER 2—SwitchLAYER 2—Switch
Connects multiple LAN segments.Connects multiple LAN segments.
Can be called a multi-port bridge.Can be called a multi-port bridge.
Provides full bandwidth out each port.Provides full bandwidth out each port.
The Cloud
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAN Device Symbols—Layer LAN Device Symbols—Layer 33
Router
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
LAYER 3—RouterLAYER 3—Router
Can be used to connect different Layer 2 Can be used to connect different Layer 2 devices and different topologies.devices and different topologies.
Makes decisions based on network addresses Makes decisions based on network addresses (IP Addresses).(IP Addresses).
What are the routers two main functions?What are the routers two main functions?
The Cloud
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Router’s Two Main FunctionsRouter’s Two Main Functions
Path DeterminationPath Determination
Packet SwitchingPacket Switching
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Router’s Two Main FunctionsRouter’s Two Main Functions
Path Determination is the
process of evaluating a packet’s
destination IP address so that the
router can decide which port to
send out the packet.
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
Router’s Two Main FunctionsRouter’s Two Main Functions
In Packet Switching, the router re-
encapsulates the packet in the
protocol needed for the specified
port and then switches the packet
out that port.
Institute of Technology Sligo - Dept of Computing
The CloudThe Cloud
The cloud is a collection of devices that The cloud is a collection of devices that operate at all levels (7-1) of the OSI model.operate at all levels (7-1) of the OSI model.
The cloud is used to represent a large group The cloud is used to represent a large group of details that are not pertinent to a situation of details that are not pertinent to a situation or description, at a given time.or description, at a given time.
The cloud helps remind us that our The cloud helps remind us that our discussions are about various parts of a discussions are about various parts of a larger interconnected network—The Internet!larger interconnected network—The Internet!
The Cloud