insights of successful healthtech innovation from …...2020/06/23 · design starts with a...
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徐業良IT Director, International Society for Gerontechnology
Editor-in-Chief, Gerontechnology
元智大學機械系有庠元智講座教授
老人福祉科技研究中心主任
2020/06/23
Taiwan Perspective I:
Insights of Successful HealthTech Innovation
– from Research Lab to Community
KEYNOTE SPEECH
HEALTH TECH FORUM 2020 – HEALTH TECH FOR COMMUNITY, HONG KONG
CEO
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Aging boom, baby bust -- Some demographics of Taiwan
• Taiwan became an aged society in 2018,
and is expected to become a super aged
society by 2025.
• Age 65+: 15.28% (3.61M) @2019/12
• The average life expectancy in Taiwan
hit a new high of 80.7 years in 2018
• Life expectancy at age 65: men 18.44,
women 22.12 @ 2018
• Total fertility rate by World Population Review 2020
Macau: 1.347 (190/199),
Hong Kong: 1.326 (192/199)
Singapore: 1.260 (196/199)
Taiwan: 1.218 (199/199)
• Taiwan had 177,767 births and 176,296
deaths, or almost zero natural population
growth in 2019
Average age of first time mother: 30.9
@2019 (Italy 31.1 @2017)
Age of first time mother 35+: 22.3%
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IT IS ONLY NATURAL TO CONSIDER APPLYING
TECHNOLOGIES…
…to provide positive solutions in maximizing the efficiency and
effectiveness of manpower and resource for the care of older adults.
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3G’s for the aged society: Gerontology, Geriatrics, Gerontechnology• First International Congress on Gerontechnology 1991,
• International Society for Gerontechnology, 1997
•老人「福祉」科技,樂齡科技…
“Design technology and environment for independent living and social participation of
older persons in good health, comfort and safety”
• Scope of Gerontechnology: Health, Housing, Mobility, Communication, Leisure, Work
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Proud to be a designer – How I got into gerontechnology…
• PhD 1992, Stanford University, Mechanical Engineering, DESIGN DIVISION
• Teaching and doing design at Yuan Ze University, Taiwan, for 28 years
• Design for people…
• Medical devices, assistive technology…
•Gerontechnology!
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A design approach to gerontechnology:
Creativity➔Prototype➔Products➔Sales
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Est. 2003
Research & Development
Industry-academia collaboration
Commercialization
GerontechnologyIndustry-Academia
Alliance
SEDA G-Tech
Smart LivingIoTGerontechnology
TransdisciplinaryEducation
Internationalacademic exchange
International Society for
Gerontechnology
New Taipei City
Design ThinkingTransdisciplinary
education program
Innovative Product Development Program
福祉科技與服務管理學刊
GerontechnologyOfficial Journal of the ISGMission: To carry out a successful industrial and educational experiment
Gerontechnology is only valuable if we can bring research to daily applications
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What exactly do people do in Gerontechnology?
• My (unscientific) classification of the 81
papers published in Gerontechnology,
from 2017~2020, average 178.4
downloads per paper (data collected
2020/04/29)
1. Monitoring of vital signs / behavior
patterns, and platforms for health
management
18 papers (22.2%), 137 downloads
2. Technology interventions for enhancing
physical and cognitive ability
11 papers (13.6%), 232 downloads
3. Technology assistance in everyday lives
17 papers (21.0%), 182 downloads
4. Platforms for social communication and
participation
10 papers (12.3%), 177 downloads
5. Robots
4 papers (4.9%), 162 downloads
6. General issues: design methodology,
education, culture, business, policy, etc.
21 papers (25.9%), 186 downloads
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Wi-Fi
Bluetooth
Android App
Wi-Fi
3G/4G
Cloud Server
MQTT Broker
Bluetooth
IoT gateway
How can telehealth systems enter the homes?
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BP/BG Measurement
Connect older adults with
family members using a simple
IoT device “WhizConnect”
temperature/humidity
Indoor
localization
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The son is the trigger to enable the behavior
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Supporting the caregivers: Care, interaction,
connection, in addition to health monitoringToilet
Get up
Breakfast
Lunch
Watching TV
Toilet
Get ready to bed
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The golden circle
From research lab to community: More DESIGN THINKING!
• Empathy: User centered, persona, story
• Define the right problem: What, How, Why
• Think like a boss… (not like a professor…)
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IDEO (http://www.ideo.com)
CEO Tim Brown
Human
desirable
Technology
feasible
Business
viable
Innovation!
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SMART TECHNOLOGIES: INTERNET OF THINGS,
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, BIG DATA…
大數據 人工智慧 物聯網
Rainbow in the sky?
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Publish, subscribe, topic ➔ IoT is a Line/WeChat/WhatsApp/… group
Wi-Fi
• M2M (Machine to Machine) communication
• The light started to have some AI…
• The bed started to collect big data…
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Transfer familiar artifacts in homes into IoT devices – starting from the bed
• WhizPad is an extremely comfortable
mattress capable of motion sensing
• Pressure-relieve material for prevention
of pressure ulcer
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WhizPadWeb UI
Mobile App Taipei Veteran Hospital
• In Taiwan 2017, 22.5% hospital falls
occurred when patients leave the beds
• Three-stage leave bed alert (sit-up, sitting at
the side, leave bed) for fall prevention.
• Four sensing areas / rule based
• Private cloud IoT
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2nd generation: Machine Learning to capture the intention of leaving bed
• 1000+ learning samples from 31
testers in 7 weight groups
• 30 sensing areas, classification of
lying/sitting/left edge/right edge
• Edge AI: Neural Network model
deployed on chip
Testing accuracy: 96.0% (360 test examples)
• Individual patient management
3-stage leave bed alert
Long lasting pressure area alert
• Using 2 AAA batteries (for 6 months)
• Amazon Web Service (AWS) for
Cloud AI: Living pattern, sleep quality…
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43.05%
55.55%
59.72%
42.36%
46.52%
47.22%
64.58% Daily living pattern obtained from WhizPad
2 weeks
45.88%
1 week
51.09%
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Accumulating the norm -- Use 70% as threshold to define “normal activities”
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Normally, the older adult
1. Gets up no earlier than 05:50
2. Gets up no later than 07:30
3. Not in bed during the day
4. Goes to bed no earlier than 19:00
5. Goes to be no later than 20:40
1. In-bed longer (64.58%)
2. Got up later than normal at 07:50
3. Back to bed multiple times during
the day
4. Went be bed earlier at 17:30
5. Left bed multiple times during the
night
1 32 4 5
9/22: 64.58%
1
32 4 5
In-bed 45.88%
AI: Learning ➔ Prediction
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Machine learning for measuring sleep using “bed actigraphy”
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Real time
• In-bed movement count
from WhizPad vs.
Polysomnography (PSG)
sleep/wake state
Training example
• 30 second episodes
• In-bed movement count
from the 4 sensing areas
• Real time + previous n
minutes
• Sleep/wake by PSG
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Machine Learning results (J48 Tree)
• 35 testers, 2 hour sleep
• 7,751 30-second
episodes
• Real time + 7 previous
minutes gave the best
specificity
Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity
obtained from 10-fold cross validation
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n wake sleep accuracy sensitivity specificity ROC area
0wake 890 1391
0.78 0.94 0.39 0.660sleep 316 5154
1wake 1022 1213
0.80 0.94 0.46 0.747sleep 330 5140
2wake 1080 1109
0.82 0.95 0.49 0.785sleep 292 5178
3wake 1137 1006
0.84 0.96 0.53 0.815sleep 246 5224
4wake 1227 870
0.85 0.95 0.59 0.833sleep 292 5178
5wake 1278 773
0.86 0.95 0.62 0.855sleep 295 5175
6wake 1296 709
0.86 0.94 0.65 0.867sleep 301 5169
7wake 1320 641
0.87 0.95 0.67 0.881sleep 300 5168
8wake 1246 673
0.86 0.94 0.65 0.856sleep 337 5127
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Business viable: Support caregivers in the homes Use smart technologies to provide real-time status and long-term
patterns of the older adults
勞動部推估,台灣1,153萬上班族中,231萬人受家庭長照責任影
響,每年約17.8萬人因照顧減少工時或轉換工作,每年約13.3萬人
因照顧離職 2017/09/06中國時報
According to the “Basic Survey on Employment Structure,” by
Ministry of Internal Affairs Japan, the number of employees who left
work because of caring or nursing was 99,100 during the year from
October 2016 to September 2017. 2019/06/06 FNN PRIME
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2018/06/21甘泉伯伯活動頻率及模式
Motion sensing WhizCarpet: Hardware is often much more difficult…
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week2
5 0
39 0
117651 6677 42 0
55424 4310 37 0
88 532 10648 3152 571 1590
106 136 166 309 369 493
10 92 104 27 38 124
10 58 38 220 410 156
0 14 19 56
1 0 34 143
0 28 71 436
2 10 50 368
Easy and flexible set up;
soft surface reduces risk
of fracture when falling
Real time position display,
fall detection and alert ➔Mobility and pattern analysis,
abnormal pattern alert
Wandering behavior, path, hot spot
analysis of demented patients➔
Three types of water to handle: bathroom, floor cleaning, urine
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Starting small in the homes: WhizConnect to integrate Bluetooth products
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WhizConnect
Long term health
and living pattern
Vital signs
Environmental data
WhizSeriesReal time status
and event alerts
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WhizTouch: IoT call button for
bedridden older adults
• Big button; mobile phone as receiver;
green light to confirm the call
• But…
• Internet usage is low for older adults
(31.1% /8.6%@2018). High monthly fee
for Internet service is not acceptable.
• Connecting the IoT product to home Wi-
Fi AP has been a major usability issue;
Wi-Fi coverage is often poor in bedroom
Narrow Band IoT: the last mile
• Sim card connects directly to NB-IoT base
station; used anywhere without setup
• NB-IoT based WhizConnect to bring smart
homecare products to the homes…
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IoT care products at home?
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Smart technologies happening in the homes (2015: IoT; 2017: NB-IoT; 2019: ML/AI)
• Consider B2B2C business model
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Edge AI:
event identification
Cloud AI:
pattern recognition
3rd Party service cloud
Commercial Bluetooth
healthcare products
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The gerontechnology industry is not there, yet…
We are designers!
Design starts with a problem. Design ends with a
solution. Design s a problem solving process.
Find that Trigger-Caregivers are the best designers!
• UX: User Experience Design
From research lab to community
• Are we really doing the right
research which “will be useful in
the future?”
The future world needs trans-
disciplinary talents
• Are we educating students the right
way?
24
Yeh-Liang Hsu
Thank you
https://userexperiencerocks.wordpress.com/2015/08/20/th
en-my-kiddo-asked-whats-the-difference-between-ux-ui/