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INSECTS ELIMINATION IN HISTORIC COLLECTIONS USING LOW OXYGEN ENVIRONMENTS.

VELOXY SISTEM

Nieves Valentín RodrigoBiodeterioro Materiales Orgánicos

Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España (IPCE)

INSECTS ELIMINATION IN HISTORIC COLLECTIONS USING LOW OXYGEN ENVIRONMENTS.

VELOXY SISTEM

Nieves ValentinResearch Scientist

Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España. Madrid. (Spain)

Tiziana PlebaniHead of Preservation and Restoration.

Biblioteca Natzionale Marciana – Venezia. (Italy)

COLLECTIONS DE-INFESTATION: EXPERIMENTATION OF VELOXY BY MARCIANA NATIONAL LIBRARY

BIODETERIORATION

Nieves Valentín RodrigoBiodeterioro Mat. Orgánicos IPCE

VELOXYVELOXY®® is the outcome of the is the outcome of the European funded project:European funded project:

SAVE ARTSAVE ART (1998 (1998 -- 2000)2000)

R.G.I. Resource Group Integrator(project co-ordinator)

Central Science LaboratoryMASTER Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de EspañaIstituto Centrale per la Patologia del LibroNaturhistoriska Riksmuseet

LOW OXYGEN ENVIRONMENTS USING INERT GASES

FOR INSECTS ELIMINATION AND MICROBIAL CONTROL

PREVIOUS RESERACH

1987-1989. Nieves Valentín. The Getty Conservation Institute

Valentin, N. "Mummy deterioration halted by nitrogen atmosphere" Nature”. Vol 338: 463 (1989)

Valentin, N., Bergh, J.E., Ortega, R., Åkerlund, M., Hallström, A. & Jonsson, K. (2002)“Evaluation of a portable equipment for large scale de-infestation in museum collectionsusing a low oxygen environment”. 13th Triennial Meeting. Preprints of ICOM Committee for Conservation 1: 96-101. Paris: ICOM

Valentin, N. and Preusser F. "Insect control by inert gases in museum, archives and libraries“Restaurator. 11: 22-33 (1990)

Valentin, N., Lidstrom, M., and Preusser, F. "Microbial control by low oxygen and low relative

humidity environments" Studies in conservation. Vol. 35. 4: 222-230 (1990)

WORKS DEVELOPED USING LOW OXYGENENVIRONMENTS

Valentín, N. "Comparative analysis of insect control by nitrogen, argon, and carbondioxide in museum archive and herbarium collections”. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 32: 263-278.(1993)

DI-INFESTATION TREATMENTS USING NITROGENIN SPANISH MUSEUMS, ARCHIVES AND LIBRARIES

1991-2005


INSECTS IDENTIFICATION


Anobiidae

Dermestidae

Rhinotermitidae

Lyctidae

Cerambycidae

Tineidae

Liposcelidae Ptiniae

Others

Insects commonly identified in Spanish Museums


TREATMENTS USING NITROGEN


SAVE ART: TO SAVE THE ARTISTIC HERITAGE FROM INSECTS WITHOUT USING TOXIC CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

(1998 (1998 -- 2000)2000)

ITALY

R.G.I. Resource Group IntegratorDr. Ercole Gialdi. (Co-ordinator)

MASTERDr. Bernardo Castellaro

Istituto Centrale per la Patologiadel LibroDr. Carlo Federici

ENGLANDCentral Science LaboratoryDr. Chris Bell

SPAINInstituo del Patrimonio Cultural de EspañaDr. Nieves Valentin

SWEDEN

Naturhidtoriska RiksmuseetDr. Monika Akerlund

Some researchers of SAVE ART project

J.E. Bergh

Simon Conyers

N.Valentin

M.Akerlund

E. Gialdi

EQUIPMENT

• Using a novel equipment, VELOXY®that creates a lowoxygen environmentinside plasticenclosures where theinfested objects are located

• It produces an inertgas: NITROGEN


OBJECTIVES

• To offer an alternative treatment to toxic insecticides

• To develop a portable an effective equipment for large scale de-infestation in museum and archive collections

• To protect health of users and environment


METHOD• Identify the insect

• Construct an hermetic bubble using high barrier plastic containing the infested objects

• Replace atmospheric air in the bubble by nitrogen until reduce the oxygen concentration at the adequate flow, temperature and relative humidity

• Disconnect the nitrogen flow and maintain a low oxygen environment. The exposure time depends on the size of the object, material structure and type of insect


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

% m

orta

lity

Larvae tolerance to 0.01% oxygen at 25ºC

Anobium punctatumHylotrupes bajulus

55 65 75 85 95% RH

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

% m

ort

alit

y

Larvae tolerance to low oxygen at 20ºC

55 65 75 85 95

% RH

Insect mortality 20 days exposureNieves Valentín RodrigoBiodeterioro Mat. Orgánicos IPCE

In sec tG e n us

T em p er atu re( ºC)

R H%

O 2%

T i me(d a y s )

H ylo tr u p e s

2025

2025

35 -6035 -60

60 -8060 -80

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2025

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60 -8060 -80

0 .03

2015

3015

B l att e laP e rip la n eta

2025

2025

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0 .2

145

2510

M e ziu m

2025

2025

35 -6035 -60

60 -8060 -80

0 .2

1510

2518

T r ibo li u m

2025

2025

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60 -8060 -80

0 ,1

2814

3020

D er m es te sT r o g o d erm a

2025

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Ti n e ola

2025

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0 .2

1416

2515

Li p o s ce lis

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158

2028


CONTROL DEL BIODETERIORO POR ANOXIA


LARGE SCALE TREATMENTSMurcia. Spain. 2.000

LARGE SCALE TREATMENTSMurcia. Spain. 2.000

LARGE SCALE TREATMENT


GENERAL GUIDELINE FOR DE-INFESTATION

DELICATED MUSEUM OBJECTSPainting, textiles, books, furniture, wood, leather

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

• Temperature > 18ºC, in a range of 21-23ºC.

• Relative humidity: identical as room conditions

• Oxygen concentration: < 0.1%

• Exposure time: 3 - 7 weeks depending on RH, insect and

objectNieves Valentín RodrigoBiodeterioro Mat. Orgánicos IPCE

MARCIANA NATIONAL LIBRARYLow oxygen treatments using VELOXYMARCIANA NATIONAL LIBRARY

Low oxygen treatments using VELOXY

TIZIANA PLEBANIHEAD OF PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION.

BIBLIOTECA NATZIONALE MARCIANA -VENEZIA . ITALY

SAVE ART PROJECT

FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS

ACHIEVED


FINDINGS

• Production of a portable equipment to treat in situ infested art objects

• Instrumentation to mesure parametersduring the process.

• Production of specific plastic to preserve historic objects for long-term storage, available for archives, libraries, museums and private collections.


ADVENTAGES

• It is easy to use

• Professionals will not need to handle toxic and dangerous products

• It is safe for public in Museums and Archives

• It is safe for the environment

• The cost/treatment is reduced

• It works in a dynamic system in situ without transporting art pieces avoiding risk of damage

CONCLUSSION

• Veloxy® was found to be a useful tool for the de-infestation of historic objects, including large size

• The plastic used was easy to handle and showed acceptable aging.

• The moister content of the material should be controlled to guarantee the efficacy for de-infestation and avoid desiccation of art objects

• To decrease oxygen level in large scale treatments is difficult and requires higher personal cost.


TO BE IMPRUBEDØ The compresor can be noisy

Ø Nitrogen flow produced (1.5 l/min) was low for largescale treatments

Ø Nitrogen flow decreases when it is humidified

Ø In most of the equipments N2 flow is inversely proportionalto its purity

Ø To solve these problems increases the cost of theequipment significantly.


IN ADDITION:

Ø Pest control managment is required to prevent re-infestation

Ø Environmental parameters should be controlled and corrected

Ø A specific preventive conservation program is essential

to avoid further risks

IN THE BUILDING


THANK YOU VERY MUCH

FOR YOUR ATTENTION


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