inorganic chemicals (ioc) non-metals sampling procedures

Inorganic Chemicals (IOC) Inorganic Chemicals (IOC) Non-Metals SamplingNon-Metals Sampling

ProceduresProcedures

The purpose of these slides is to demonstrate The purpose of these slides is to demonstrate recommended sampling techniques. This recommended sampling techniques. This presentation includes:presentation includes: supplies neededsupplies needed sample tap selectionsample tap selection collection; and collection; and shipping. shipping.

Inorganic Chemicals (IOC) Non-Metals SamplingInorganic Chemicals (IOC) Non-Metals Sampling

We know and recognize that there are numerous We know and recognize that there are numerous techniques and methods for collecting drinking techniques and methods for collecting drinking water samples. The idea of this presentation is to water samples. The idea of this presentation is to demonstrate the general method used while demonstrate the general method used while providing some helpful suggestions for sample providing some helpful suggestions for sample collection, whether you are an owner, operator, or collection, whether you are an owner, operator, or trainee. This presentation is in no way to be trainee. This presentation is in no way to be considered a substitute for the federal Safe considered a substitute for the federal Safe Drinking Water Act and amendments.Drinking Water Act and amendments.

Inorganic Chemicals (IOC) Metals SamplingInorganic Chemicals (IOC) Metals Sampling

What are Inorganic Chemicals and What are Inorganic Chemicals and

why do we sample for them?why do we sample for them?

Inorganic chemicals are elements orInorganic chemicals are elements orcompounds found in water supplies. compounds found in water supplies.

What are Inorganic Chemicals and why do we sample for What are Inorganic Chemicals and why do we sample for

them?them?

They may occur naturally in the geologyThey may occur naturally in the geology

or they may be caused by :or they may be caused by :

Industry

or Agricultural activities. or Agricultural activities.

MiningMining


them?them?

It is common to have trace amounts of many It is common to have trace amounts of many inorganic chemicals in water supplies.inorganic chemicals in water supplies.


them?them?

Damaging EffectsDamaging Effects

In larger amounts, however, inorganic chemicals can beIn larger amounts, however, inorganic chemicals can bedangerous, and can cause a variety of damaging effects dangerous, and can cause a variety of damaging effects

to the liver, kidney, nervous system, circulatory to the liver, kidney, nervous system, circulatory system, gastrointestinal system, bones, and skin, system, gastrointestinal system, bones, and skin,

depending upon the chemicals and level of exposure.depending upon the chemicals and level of exposure.

Pregnant women and infants Pregnant women and infants are especially susceptible to are especially susceptible to harm from inorganic harm from inorganic chemicals.chemicals.

Damaging EffectsDamaging Effects

What are Inorganic Chemicals and What are Inorganic Chemicals and why do we sample for them?why do we sample for them?

First regulated in 1975, First regulated in 1975, the US Environmental the US Environmental Protection Agency Protection Agency established "maximum established "maximum contaminant levels" or contaminant levels" or "MCLs." for various "MCLs." for various inorganic chemicals. inorganic chemicals.

IOC GroupsIOC Groups

There are three different IOC for There are three different IOC for sampling: sampling: Non-MetalsNon-Metals MetalsMetals CyanideCyanide

This procedure is for Non-Metals. This procedure is for Non-Metals.

State Guidelines – Rules – Sample State Guidelines – Rules – Sample

RequirementsRequirements

Be sure to check with Be sure to check with your state or tribal your state or tribal drinking water program drinking water program office for additional office for additional guidelines, rules and/or guidelines, rules and/or sample requirements sample requirements since they may be more since they may be more stringent than those stringent than those required by the federal required by the federal Safe Drinking Water Act. Safe Drinking Water Act.

IOC Non-Metals Sampling SuppliesIOC Non-Metals Sampling Supplies

Before you begin sampling, it is important to have Before you begin sampling, it is important to have all of your supplies on hand. Here is a list of the all of your supplies on hand. Here is a list of the

suggested supplies you may need:suggested supplies you may need:

Cooler for shipping and storage of your sampleCooler for shipping and storage of your samplewhile in transit between collection point and lab.while in transit between collection point and lab.


Bagged Ice for your shipping cooler. Bagged Ice for your shipping cooler.


Sample ContainerSample Container


Lab slips, labels, and markers for sample containerLab slips, labels, and markers for sample containeridentificationidentification


Additional Recommended Items are:Additional Recommended Items are:

Paper towels for drying off the outside of your sample Paper towels for drying off the outside of your sample container after sampling.container after sampling.


Plastic storage baggies for ice andPlastic storage baggies for ice and

sample container sample container


Sampling ContainersSampling Containers

Although different Although different sizes and types of sizes and types of sampling containers sampling containers may be used for may be used for collecting IOC collecting IOC samples most samples most laboratories supply laboratories supply sampling containers sampling containers at 1 liter or smallerat 1 liter or smaller

As a general rule, As a general rule, proper washing of proper washing of hands is highly hands is highly recommended for recommended for the sample the sample collector.collector.


Also, food, drink, and even 2nd hand cigarette Also, food, drink, and even 2nd hand cigarette smoke should never come into contact with the smoke should never come into contact with the sample or its containers. These foreign objects sample or its containers. These foreign objects have been suspected of causing false results in have been suspected of causing false results in

samples, so be sure to practice good clean sample samples, so be sure to practice good clean sample collection procedures.collection procedures.

Sample preparation instructionsSample preparation instructions

Do not sample with Do not sample with any containers that any containers that appear to have been appear to have been tampered with since tampered with since this may cause an this may cause an undesirable sample undesirable sample result.result.


Sampling ProceduresSampling Procedures

The laboratory that supplies the sampling containers The laboratory that supplies the sampling containers may provide instruction with the kit for the type of may provide instruction with the kit for the type of

monitoring being performed. Be sure to refer to those monitoring being performed. Be sure to refer to those instructions when provided.instructions when provided.

Select a state approved sampling location if Select a state approved sampling location if any have been designated. If not, select a any have been designated. If not, select a representative sampling location. For a surface representative sampling location. For a surface water system, the plant effluent tap might be an water system, the plant effluent tap might be an appropriate sampling location. For a well appropriate sampling location. For a well discharging directly into a distribution system discharging directly into a distribution system (entry point to the distribution system or (entry point to the distribution system or EPTDS), a tap on the well’s discharge piping EPTDS), a tap on the well’s discharge piping after any treatment would be appropriate. after any treatment would be appropriate.


If possible, use a non-swivel faucet and remove all If possible, use a non-swivel faucet and remove all attachments, including any aerators, strainers and attachments, including any aerators, strainers and hoses. It is normally recommended not to take a hoses. It is normally recommended not to take a

sample at that location if all attachments cannot be sample at that location if all attachments cannot be removed because they may alter the sample results.removed because they may alter the sample results.


Turn on the water tap and Turn on the water tap and run the water until the run the water until the temperature has stabilized temperature has stabilized (use a thermometer if (use a thermometer if possible) This typically possible) This typically takes 2 to 3 minutes. Then takes 2 to 3 minutes. Then reduce the flow so that the reduce the flow so that the stream is approximately ¼ stream is approximately ¼ inch in diameter.inch in diameter. Do not Do not change the flow rate until change the flow rate until after sampling is after sampling is completed.completed.


While the water is running for thoseWhile the water is running for those

2-3 minutes, completely fill out the 2-3 minutes, completely fill out the

labels and lab slip. Be sure to clearly labels and lab slip. Be sure to clearly

identify the system information, like identify the system information, like

the public water system identification the public water system identification

number, number, exact exact sample location, date and time of collection, and the sampler’s name. sample location, date and time of collection, and the sampler’s name.

If the sample collection point has a specific coded identification, include it on the label and If the sample collection point has a specific coded identification, include it on the label and sample submission form. Be sure to attach the label prior to sampling. A wet sample sample submission form. Be sure to attach the label prior to sampling. A wet sample container may not allow the label to properly adhere. container may not allow the label to properly adhere.


Hold bottle at an angle and carefully fill it to Hold bottle at an angle and carefully fill it to its shoulder. Do not touch the interior of the its shoulder. Do not touch the interior of the bottle or the underside of the cap. Do not bottle or the underside of the cap. Do not allow the bottle to touch the faucet, or allow allow the bottle to touch the faucet, or allow water to splash up onto the faucet.water to splash up onto the faucet.


Screw the cap on the container.Screw the cap on the container.


Pack the samples in a cooler with Ice if instructed to Pack the samples in a cooler with Ice if instructed to do so. As a tip, it might be a good idea to bag up the do so. As a tip, it might be a good idea to bag up the sample and the ice separately in the cooler. This will sample and the ice separately in the cooler. This will help prevent leakage or contamination of the sample help prevent leakage or contamination of the sample

from the ice.from the ice.


Deliver the samples to the laboratory or ship the Deliver the samples to the laboratory or ship the samples by an overnight courier if instructed to samples by an overnight courier if instructed to

do so. This will ensure prompt testing for the most do so. This will ensure prompt testing for the most accurate results. accurate results.


If the laboratory has any additional shipping If the laboratory has any additional shipping recommendations or requirements, they should recommendations or requirements, they should be read and followed closely.be read and followed closely.


If you have any additional questions, please If you have any additional questions, please contact your state or tribal drinking water contact your state or tribal drinking water program office for assistance. program office for assistance.

Following the proper drinking water sample Following the proper drinking water sample collection procedures can lead to peace of mind, collection procedures can lead to peace of mind, knowing that the test results truly represent the knowing that the test results truly represent the quality of water your customers are drinking. After quality of water your customers are drinking. After all, isn’t our goal to ensure . . .all, isn’t our goal to ensure . . .


Inorganic Chemicals (IOC)Inorganic Chemicals (IOC) Non-Metals Sampling Procedures Non-Metals Sampling Procedures

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inorganic chemicals (ioc) non-metals sampling procedures

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