innovations in adaptive governance: the importance of time dr. jasper eshuis dr. arwin van buuren...
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Innovations in adaptive governance: the importance of time
Dr. Jasper EshuisDr. Arwin van Buuren
Public Administration
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Structure of presentation
Research questions Theory on time Methodology Findings Conclusion and discussion
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Research questions
• How do actors perceive time?
• How does the factor of time influence innovation processes in water governance?
• How can time be managed?
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Methodology
• Double case study– Waalblok (water basin underneath glasshouse)– The New Water (area development with floating
residencies)
• Methods: 15 interviews and document analysis
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Two approaches of time
• Clocktime: unambiguous, linear, mechanical
• Social time: perceived time– Nature of time sequential, cyclical, capricious
– Rhythm short – long cycles
– Pace (tempo) passing quickly - slowly
– Quantity scarce – plentiful
– Time horizon short-term – long-term
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Some theory: management of time
- Classic top-down decision-making: make a plan with activities and deadlines and stick to it
- Adaptive governance processes: synchronization of multiple rhythms, tempos, time horizons
- Character of time: monochronic or synchronic; phases or cycles; flexible evolution of processes
- Rhythm of time: enlarge or decrease length of cycles
- Tempo: accelerate or postpone, synchronize with tempo of other processes
- Timing: adjust moments of acting in accordance with context
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Waalblok case
• Three parties want restructuring of glasshouses and waterstorage
• Perceptions of time:– Horticulturalists: growth cycles and short term
– Waterboard: phases of policy program, electoral cycle, medium term
– Municipality: deadlines of subsidy and perceptions of voters
– Experts: medium and long term
• Management of time– Horticulturalist set hard deadline
– Phasing of implementation of 4B concept
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Waalblok case (II)
Aspects of time management
• Varying perceptions of time influenced relationships, process and outcomes
• Realization innovation 4B concept depends on adaptive management of time– dividing 4Bs; sequencing process– horticulturalists given more time regarding discharge wastewater
• Growth cycles and electoral cycle played important role– tempo increased to synchronise with these cycles
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Conclusions (I)
Time sensitive governance:
• Takes different perceptions of time into account, connects these and aims at common orientation regarding time
• Uses factor time to come to agreements and implementation
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Contact
Dr. J. (Jasper) Eshuis
Faculty of Social Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam
Dr. M.W. (Arwin) van Buuren