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Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

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Page 1: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview

Raphael Kaplinsky

Dept of Policy and Practice,

The Open University

Page 2: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Page 3: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Page 4: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions

Page 5: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Page 6: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment

Page 7: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Page 8: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Factor intensity

Page 9: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Factor intensity

Product composition

Page 10: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Factor intensity

Product composition

Distribution of rents

Page 11: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Factor intensity

Product composition

Distribution of rents

Capability building

Page 12: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Factor intensity

Product composition

Distribution of rents

Capability building

Power and social relations

Page 13: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Families of innovation studies

• Innovation rents and innovation epochs• Choice of technology• Innovation systems• Labour processes• Trade and innovation

Page 14: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation rents and epochs• Rents (Ricardo, Schumpeter, Teece, Kaplinsky)• Innovation inputs (Lall, GERD, Sussex Manifesto)• Innovation outputs (Pavitt)• Capabilities (Bell, Lall, Teece-Pisano-Shuen, Tidd-

Bessant-Pavitt)• Epochs (Freeman-Perez)

Page 15: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Choice of technology• Choice of techniques (Sen, Clarke)• Choice of products (Lancaster, James Stewart)• Appropriate technology (Schumacher, Jequier,

Kaplinsky)• Transfer of technology (Cooper, UNCTAD)

Page 16: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation systems• Evolutionary (Dosi, Nelson, Freeman)• NSI (Nelson, Freeman, Edquist)• RSI (Cooke?)• Sectoral IS (Malerba)• Global value chains (Gereffi, Kaplinsky, Gibbon)• Global Production Networks ( Ernst, Henderson et al)• Clusters (Marshal, Schmitz, Pyke-Becattini-

Sengenberger)

Page 17: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Labour process• Marx, Braverman, Cooley, Mathews

Page 18: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Trade and innovation• Trade induced defensive innovation (Wood, Acemoglu,

Lawrence and Slaughter

Page 19: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Factor intensity

X X X X

Product composition

X X

Distribution of rents

X

Capability building

X X

Power and social relations

X X

Page 20: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Factor intensity

Sen Schumacher

Product composition

Lancaster Epochs

Distribution of rents

Ricardo

Capability building

NSI, RSI

Power and social relations

Braverman

Page 21: Innovation, Poverty and Inequality – an overview Raphael Kaplinsky Dept of Policy and Practice, The Open University

Innovation, poverty and inequality - taxonomy of impacts

Absolute poverty

Relative poverty – Inequality/distribution

Functional

- class

Regions Size composition

Environment Other - contingent

Factor intensity

Abowd

Conte

Abowd

Conte

Product composition

Linn

Ciarli

Linn

Ciarli

Distribution of rents

Lazonick

Capability building

Linn Linn

Power and social relations

Lazonick

Nightingale

Nightingale


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