innovation africa 2012

8/2/2019 Innovation Africa 2012

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InnovationintheNewEconomy

(KnowledgeEconomy)

FrancisStevensGeorge www.krooman.com

OptionsforDevelopingCountriesSummaryPresentation


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KnowledgeEconomy

Theknowledge-driveneconomybringsnewchallengesforbusiness.Marketsarebecomingmoreglobalwith

newcompetitors,productlifecyclesareshortening,customersaremoredemandingandthecomplexityoftechnologyisincreasing.

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processandtheapproachtoinnovation. Thetraditionalideathatinnovationisbasedupon

research(technology- pushtheory)andinteractionbetweenfirmsandotheractorsisreplacedbythecurrentsocialnetworktheoryofinnovation,whereknowledgeplaysacrucialroleinfosteringinnovation.


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CompetitionintheNewEconomy

CompetitionintheNewEconomyisdrivenby

Innovation.Tobecompetitive,companiesmustcontiniouslyinnovate.

Companiesinthedevelopingcountriesmust


nnova e o ecompe ve n eg o a economy. Innovationhaschangedintheknowledgebased

economy.Theoldmodels-ClosedInnovation,

USstyle-areincreasinglybecomingredundant. TheNewModelsofferanopportunitytothe

developingcountries.


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Theory

GrowthandDevelopmentofanymodern

economyisbasedoninnovationandnewtechnology


oftechnologyintheupwave.

Schumpeter:technologyinnovationasthe

engineofeconomicgrowth Mensch:Onlyinnovationcanovercome

economicdepression.


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TechnologyandDevelopment

Economicbusiness

cycles

Pol/EcoInfluences TechnologyInnovation Impactonfactorsofproduction

Firstcycle

(1780s-1830s)

FrenchRevolution IndustrialrevolutionI-iron,textile,steamtechnology

Land-iron&coalresources

Capital-OT,BKnLabour-divisionoflabour/fact.Workers.

Enterprise-investmentbylandownersinnewindustry

Secondcycle(1830s-1880s)

Marx IndustrialrevolutionII-steelindustry/railroads

Land-pigironcoal

Capital-jointstock,issuingofnotes,stablebankingsystem


Labour-educationofworkers

Enterprise-investmentbyStateandVCs

Thirdcycle

(1880s-1930s)

Capitalism Electricalengineering/electricity/motor

Land-coal,petrol,othermetals

Capital-int.Finn.

Labour-moreskilled,demiseofchildlabour,

Enterprise-interwarspeculation

FouthCycle

(1930s-1990s)

Socialism,Unionism,Consumption

Nuclear/oil/electronics/microprocessing

Land-alluminium,silicone,petroleum

Capital-sophis.Finmkts,Labour-highlyskilled,universaleducation,unions

Enterprise-internationalinvestment

Fifthcycle(1990s-

Globalisation,International,Integration

Informationtechnology/telecoms/biotech/ggeneticeng

Land-recycled/enviofM,

Capital-singleworldmarket,money

Labour-know.workers

Enterprise-monopolisticmedia,IT,privateins.investors


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InnovationintheNewEconomy

Problemsolvingprocess

Occurencehighwithcommercialentities Aninteractiveprocessinvolvingrelationshipsbetweenfirmswithdifferentactors


Aprocessinvolvingtheexchangeofcodifiedandtacitknowledge

Aninteractiveprocessoflearningandexchangewhereinterdependencebetweenactorsgeneratesaninnovativesystemoraninnovationcluster


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TheQuestion

WhichInnovationmodelsshould

developingcountriesgofor?Whataretheiroptions?



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CriteriontoDetermineOptions

Indetermingtheoptionsavailableto

developingcountries,Ishallconsiderthefollowingcriterion

Knowled eDrivenFocus


Degreeofavailability

PracticalUsefulness

Levelofdocumentation Requiredresourcesforimplementation


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InnovationManagement

KnowledgeDriven

Focus DegreeofAvailability

InnovationManagementOptions


Practical

UsefulnessLevelofDocumentation

CriterionRequiredResources


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KnowledgeDrivenFocus

Degreetowhichthetechniquefocuseson

knowledgeasthemostvaluableassettoacompany,highlightingfeatureslike:flexibility,cooperation,networking,


internationalization,quicktime-to-market,knowledgemanagement,bettermarketinformationandentrepreneurshipencouragement.


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DegreeofAvailability

Techniquesandmethodologiesthatare

notsubjecttoanycopyrightsorlicenserestrictionssotheycanbeusedfreelyforanycompany.Genericmethodological


approachesandtechniqueswhicharenotspecificcommercialtoolsownedbyprivateplayers.

Opensource!


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PracticalUsefulness

Focusonspecificandkeyproblemstobe

solvedbybusinessorganizations(problem-solving-orientation,know-howproviders)Methodologiesandtechniques


withatoolnature.


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LevelofDocumentation

Welldocumented,standardizedand

systematizedtechniques,withadefinedstructureormethodofapplication(existenceofusersguideorothercodified


knowledgepiecestoreplicatethetechnique)Availabilityofreadilyaccessiblebestpracticeanalysis(existenceofexamplesandcasestudiestolearnanddiffusehowtousethetechnique)


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RequiredResources

Timerequiredtobeimplemented;Average

budgettoperformthetechniqueinafirm;Toolswhicharenottoosophisticated,andcanbegenerallyappliedbyaverage-


implementationwouldrequireanexternalconsultancy(requiredcompetencies,

expertiseandotherresourcesforimplementationandmaintenance)itshouldbealsoassessedintermsofbudget


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Conclusion

Theinnovationchallengeisnotjustabout

catchingupwithdevelopedcountriesinestablishedareasofworldproductionitisaboutdevelopinganinternalcapacityfor


andbusinessknowledge.Itisaboutlearningtolearnwhichtakestimeandrequiresresources.Aswellasadaptingtechnologytolocalconditions,thereneedstobeinvestmentinadaptingorganizationsandinstitutions.


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ProgressDiagram

Phase1 Phase2 Phase3



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LinearModel



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BlockDiagram

TEXT TEXT TEXT TEXT


Timerequiredto

beimplemented;Averagebudgettoperformthetechniqueinafirm;Toolswhicharenottoosophisticated,andcanbegenerallyappliedbyaverage-trainedbusinessprofessionals;Iftheimplementationwouldrequireanexternalconsultancy(requiredcompetencies,

expertiseandotherresourcesforimplementationandmaintenance)

TEXT TEXT TEXT


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Table

TEXT TEXT TEXT TEXT TEXT

TitleA

TitleB


TitleC

TitleD

TitleE

TitleF


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3-DPieChart

Perform

Learn

Innovate


RedesignTechnology

Grow


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Options

WhichInnovationModel(s)


TEXT TEXTTEXT TEXT

innovation africa 2012

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