informative speaking

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Informative Speaking

Introduction to Informative Speaking

Effective Informative Speaking

Sample Informative Speech

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• Defining an Informative Speech

• Types of Informative Speeches

• Subjects of Informative Speeches

Introduction to Informative Speaking

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• This type of speech uses descriptions, demonstrations, vivid detail, and

definitions to explain a subject, person, or place the audience wants to

understand.

• An informative speech makes a complex topic easy to understand or offers a

different point of view.

• Unlike persuasive speeches, an informative speech relies less on pathos and

more on communicating information.

Defining an Informative Speech


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Erik Möller speaking about a visual redesign of WikiProject main pages in his presentation on 'The purpose-driven social network: Supporting WikiProjects with technology' at Wikimania 2012.

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• A descriptive speech helps the speaker create an accurate mental picture in the

mind of the audience regarding a specific person, place, or thing.

• A demonstrative speech describes how to perform an action.

• A explantory speech explains the state of a topic.

• A definition speech explains a concept or theory regarding a topic.

Types of Informative Speeches


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Temple of Concordia



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• When choosing a subject of an informative speech consider whether you want to

describe, explain, demonstrate or educate the audience about the topic.

• The subject of an informative speech should be one that can be communicated

clearly to an audience.

• When choosing a subject for an informative speech, consider what is the

essential information that an audience should know about that subject.

Subjects of Informative Speeches


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Lectures



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• The Goals of an Informative Speech

• Scope Your Speech

• Tailor Complexity to Your Audience

• Demonstrate the Relevance of the Topic

• Make Connections

• Tailor Abstraction to Your Audience

• Make It Memorable

• Utilize Devices to Enhance Audience Understanding

Effective Informative Speaking

Informative Speaking > Effective Informative Speaking




• One of the goals of an informative speech is to enhance the understanding of the

audience.

• Another goal of an informative speech is to maintain the interest of the audience.

• A final goal of an informative speech is for the audience to remember the speech.

The Goals of an Informative Speech


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What are your goals?



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• Every piece of information in a speech should relate to the speech topic,

purpose, and thesis simultaneously.

• Audiences have a hard time following or understanding speeches that are too

broad in scope (that is, speeches that include too much irrelevant or tangential

information).

• By keeping all of the information relevant as he or she develops your speech, the

speaker's job becomes easier by keeping all supporting information on point.

Scope Your Speech


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Scope out your specific target!



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• Consider the audience that will be hearing your speech.

• Tailoring the complexity of the speech to your audience means considering how

best they receive information.

• Considering how much information your audience already knows should help you

tailor the complexity of your speech.

Tailor Complexity to Your Audience


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An audience listens to a speech at a conference



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• You can make a topic relevant by choosing a timely topic.

• Another way to make a topic relevant is to tell the audience why they should care

about the particular subject of your speech.

• Making a topic relevant for your audience increases the likelihood that they will

remember the information contained in your speech.

Demonstrate the Relevance of the Topic


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Theodore Roosevelt giving a campaign speech in 1912.



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• Make connections among your ideas so you can connect the ideas into

meaningful groups for your main points.

• Make connections between your interests and the audience interests to motivate

attention during your speech.

• Make connections with transitions to show relationships and join ideas together.

• Make connections with signpost transitions to help the audience organize ideas

by numbering the main points, such as <i>first</i>, <i>second</i>, etc.

• Make connections by using previews before main points and use internal

summaries to connect one idea to what is coming next.

Make Connections


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A switchboard staff making connections in 1979



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• The ability to simplify experiences with a word makes it easier to communicate,

but it also makes us lose the connection to the specific meaning that we want to

convey through the abstract wording.

• When you want the audience to make a concrete connection to their direct

experience, remember to come down to earth on the the abstraction ladder. You

can move up the ladder again to talk about boarder concepts.

• Your objective when choosing words is not to avoid abstract general words

altogether, but rather to avoid using them when your audience needs more

specific,concrete connections to what you are saying.

Tailor Abstraction to Your Audience


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Ladder



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• Use visual aids to help make your speech memorable.

• Repeat key points of your speech to make it more memorable.

• Making your speech memorable is important because it increases the likelihood

that the audience will walk away informed.

Make It Memorable


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An audience clapping at a conference



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• Visual aids such as graphs, handouts, slide show presentations, and objects can

help audiences understand complicated subjects. Many people learn visually and

need information provided in this context, as well as orally, to enhance learning.

• A podium can help the presenter provide the audience with necessary information

on a topic by offering a place for the speaker to have cue cards or scripts.

• A microphone is a good way to make sure that everyone in the audience hears

the presentation properly. Wireless headsets allow the speaker to amplify the

presentation while moving about the audience or reviewing visual aids.

• A video screen is a good way to make sure the audience can see the entire

presentation in a large venue.

Utilize Devices to Enhance Audience Understanding


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Visual Aid



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• Sample Informative Speech


Informative Speaking > Sample Informative Speech




• In the late hours of May 1, 2011, President Barack Obama gathered in the East

Room of the White House to address America and the world that Al Qaeda's

highest commander, Osama bin Laden, had been killed via military actions in

Pakistan.

• President Obama gives context by describing the events of September 11, 2001

and bin Laden's instrumental role in that day's events.

• The President shares some details on international intelligence gathering on bin

Laden's current location as well as the decision-making process to proceed with

the military operation on the bin Laden compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan.

• The President's speech is largely focused on events and processes, two

examples of informative speeches. He describes the events of September 11,

2001 and the military operation on May 1, 2011 as well as the process of how

that military operation was carried out.

• The President concludes his speech by thanking the many people involved in the

locating and killing of Osama bin Laden, as well as the patience and resolve of

the American people in the years since September 11, 2001.



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President Obama's informational speech on the death of Osama bin Laden


Informative Speaking > Sample Informative Speech

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Appendix

Key terms

• abstraction The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• complexity The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• connection The point at which two or more things are connected; a feeling of understanding and ease of communication between two or more people. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• definition A statement expressing the essential nature of something; formulation. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• definition A statement expressing the essential nature of something; formulation. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• description A sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or representation in language; an enumeration of the essential qualities of a thing or species. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• excerpt A clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work such as a news article, a film, a literary composition, or other media. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• firefight A skirmish involving an exchange of gunfire. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• goal A result that one is attempting to achieve. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• inform To communicate knowledge to others. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• informative Providing knowledge, especially useful or interesting information. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• intelligence A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities. (CC BY-SA 3.0)



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/abstraction

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http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/connection


http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/definition




http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/description


http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/excerpt


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http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/goal


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http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/intelligence


• memorable Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• podium A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra, preaching at a pulpit, or delivering a speech. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• relevant Not out of date; current. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• scope The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with or to which it is relevant. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• signpost A particular type of transition in the form of a brief statement that indicates where the speaker is in the speech, such as "first" and "finally," or that calls attention to a key idea, such as “now remember this.” (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• subject A particular area of study. (CC BY-SA 3.0)

• transitions Words or phrases that allow the reader to understand how adjacent parts of a communication are connected. (

CC BY-SA 3.0)



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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transitions


Erik Möller speaking about a visual redesign of WikiProject main pages in his presentation on 'The purpose-driven social network: Supporting WikiProjects with technology' at Wikimania 2012.


Wikimedia. "Erik Möller." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Erik_M%25C3%25B6ller;_WikiProjects_page_visual_redesign,_%2527The_purpose-driven_social_network_-_Supporting_WikiProjects_with_technology%2527_presentation;_Wikimania_2012.JPG.JPG




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Temple of Concordia


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Lectures


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What are your goals?


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Scope out your specific target!


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An audience listens to a speech at a conference


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Theodore Roosevelt giving a campaign speech in 1912.


Wikimedia. "Roosevelt on the Stump, 1912." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roosevelt_on_the_Stump,_1912.JPG View on Boundless.com



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A switchboard staff making connections in 1979


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Ladder


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An audience clapping at a conference


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Visual Aid


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President Obama's informational speech on the death of Osama bin Laden


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Providing knowledge, especially useful or interesting information.

A) definition

B) description

C) demonstrate

D) informative

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "informative." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/informative



A) definition

B) description

C) demonstrate

D) informative

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A) actuate

B) social proof

C) informative

D) reciprocity



A statement expressing the essential nature of something; formulation.

A) informative

B) complexity

C) definition

D) subject

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "definition." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/definition



A) informative

B) complexity

C) definition

D) subject







A) speech

B) informative

C) toast

D) audience




A) persuade

B) pathos

C) toast

D) informative



In an informative speech it is a good idea to

A) rely on pathos to convince the audience by appealing to their emotions.

B) use visual aids to give the audience a visual representation of information in the speech.

C) speak on a subject that your audience already has background knowledge about.

D) All of these answers.

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In an informative speech it is a good idea to

A) rely on pathos to convince the audience by appealing to their emotions.

B) use visual aids to give the audience a visual representation of information in the speech.

C) speak on a subject that your audience already has background knowledge about.







A sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or representation in language; an enumeration of the essential qualities of a thing or species.

A) description

B) informative

C) subject

D) excerpt

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "description." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/description


A sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or representation in language; an enumeration of the essential qualities of a thing or species.

A) description

B) informative

C) subject

D) excerpt



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/description




A) informative

B) complexity

C) subject

D) definition

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "definition." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/definition



A) informative

B) complexity

C) subject

D) definition






A demonstration speech

A) explains how to do something in a step-by-step manner, sometimes including visualizations.

B) explains the meaning, theory, or philosophy of a topic.

C) creates a vivid picture in a person's mind of an object, person, animal, or place.

D) gives a description of the state of a given topic.



A particular area of study.

A) informative

B) definition

C) subject

D) description

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "subject." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subject


A particular area of study.

A) informative

B) definition

C) subject

D) description



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subject



If you are preparing an informative speech about a famous actor, you should

A) explain his biography and name the movies he's appeared in.

B) talk about the controversy surrounding his personal life and express your opinion.

C) give your reviews of his movies.




To make sure the information in a speech is remembered by the audience, the speaker should

A) use careful organization.

B) use specific repetition of key words or phrases.

C) use focused visualizations.




To communicate knowledge to others.

A) pathos

B) toast

C) inform

D) audience

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "inform." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inform



A) pathos

B) toast

C) inform

D) audience







A) complexity

B) inform

C) relevant

D) connection

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A) complexity

B) inform

C) relevant

D) connection






A result that one is attempting to achieve.

A) memorable

B) complexity

C) goal

D) abstraction

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "goal." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/goal


A result that one is attempting to achieve.

A) memorable

B) complexity

C) goal

D) abstraction



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/goal



The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with or to which it is relevant.

A) memorable

B) goal

C) connection

D) scope

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A) memorable

B) goal

C) connection

D) scope






An informative speech should have a narrow and specific scope because

A) evidence and supporting arguments should be related tangentially.

B) it benefits the speaker by making his/her statements more credible to the audience.

C) it challenges the audience to retain a lot of information; audiences appreciate being challenged.

D) when the audience is left wondering what the speaker wanted to communicate, it fosters discussion.




A) brainstorming

B) scope

C) expert

D) choose

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A) brainstorming

B) scope

C) expert

D) choose






The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.

A) inform

B) relevant

C) complexity

D) abstraction

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "complexity." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/complexity


The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.

A) inform

B) relevant

C) complexity

D) abstraction



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/complexity



You are planning a speech about social networking including a detailed discussion of code and new programming languages. Which audience is this speech best suited to?

A) College students

B) Software engineers

C) High school students in an accelerated program

D) Market researchers



Which of the following would be a good speech topic for a mixed audience of today?

A) 19th Century English literature

B) How new touch screen technology can benefit Alzheimer's patients

C) Hairstyles of the 1980s

D) How the Pony Express revolutionized communication in America



Not out of date; current.

A) complexity

B) connection

C) relevant

D) abstraction

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Not out of date; current.

A) complexity

B) connection

C) relevant

D) abstraction



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/relevant



The point at which two or more things are connected; a feeling of understanding and ease of communication between two or more people.

A) connection

B) memorable

C) relevant

D) abstraction

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "connection." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/connection


The point at which two or more things are connected; a feeling of understanding and ease of communication between two or more people.

A) connection

B) memorable

C) relevant

D) abstraction



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/connection



A particular type of transition in the form of a brief statement that indicates where the speaker is in the speech, such as "first" and "finally," or that calls attention to a key idea, such as “now remember this.”

A) signpost

B) inform

C) relevant

D) goal

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A particular type of transition in the form of a brief statement that indicates where the speaker is in the speech, such as "first" and "finally," or that calls attention to a key idea, such as “now remember this.”

A) signpost

B) inform

C) relevant

D) goal



http://www.boundless.com//communications/definition/signpost



Which of the following is an example of how to connect your topic to audience interests?

A) Group similar ideas together and connect them to the main points in your speech.

B) Express your own excitement about the topic to help the audience connect.

C) Use words that give the speech greater cohesion by making it more explicit.

D) Give introductory previews of what you will say, in addition to summaries of what you just said.



Words or phrases that allow the reader to understand how adjacent parts of a communication are connected.

A) transitions

B) relevant

C) inform

D) scope

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWikipedia. "transitions." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transitions


Words or phrases that allow the reader to understand how adjacent parts of a communication are connected.

A) transitions

B) relevant

C) inform

D) scope



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transitions



The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities.

A) goal

B) complexity

C) abstraction

D) relevant

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "abstraction." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/abstraction


The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities.

A) goal

B) complexity

C) abstraction

D) relevant



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/abstraction



In the example below, which word is concrete and specific?"The residence contains a number of mammals, including a young mammal and a gray cat."

A) young

B) residence

C) gray

D) mammal



Which of the following best describes the process of abstraction?

A) Create a ladder with the most general word at the top and the most specific word at the bottom.

B) Find a similar quality of a group of objects, name it, and use the name to stand for the quality in other objects.

C) Use the most specific examples possible for each situation.

D) Speak using scientific terminology with specialized words when it is appropriate for your audience.



Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.

A) inform

B) complexity

C) memorable

D) relevant

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "memorable." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/memorable


Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.

A) inform

B) complexity

C) memorable

D) relevant



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/memorable



Which of the following are three techniques for making your speech more memorable?

A) Repeat key phrases, use visual aids, and let yourself be engaged in your material.

B) Inform the audience, use amplification, and hold a question and answer session.

C) Use technology, relate to your audience, and pass around a handout at the beginning of your speech.

D) Tell the audience there will be a quiz at the end, be creative, and let your speech be mysterious.



A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra, preaching at a pulpit, or delivering a speech.

A) podium

B) relevant

C) transitions

D) memorable

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "podium." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/podium


A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra, preaching at a pulpit, or delivering a speech.

A) podium

B) relevant

C) transitions

D) memorable



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/podium



Why is a podium helpful to the audience?

A) It helps the audience understand complicated topics with models or graphs.

B) It allows the speaker to have notes to answer audience questions.

C) It allows the audience to hear the speaker properly.

D) It is helpful to audience members seated far away from the speaker in a large venue.



"It was nearly 10 years ago that a bright September day was darkened by the worst attack on the American people in our history."The preceding quote is an example of

A) a description of processes.

B) giving context.

C) a demonstration.




A clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work such as a news article, a film, a literary composition, or other media.

A) goal

B) abstraction

C) excerpt

D) subject

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "excerpt." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/excerpt


A clip, snippet, passage or extract from a larger work such as a news article, a film, a literary composition, or other media.

A) goal

B) abstraction

C) excerpt

D) subject



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/excerpt



A skirmish involving an exchange of gunfire.

A) firefight

B) informative

C) signpost

D) inform

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "firefight." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/firefight


A skirmish involving an exchange of gunfire.

A) firefight

B) informative

C) signpost

D) inform



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/firefight



A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.

A) intelligence

B) subject

C) informative

D) description

Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comWiktionary. "intelligence." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/intelligence


A political or military department, agency or unit designed to gather information, usually secret, about the enemy or about hostile activities.

A) intelligence

B) subject

C) informative

D) description



http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/intelligence

Attribution

• Wikipedia. "Individual events (speech)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_events_(speech)#Informative


• Wikispaces. "JTEnglish - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://jtenglish.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking

• Text Commons. "Types Of Informative Speeches | Public Speaking." [no BPE content] FLAG CC BY-NC-ND http://textcommons.org/node/137

• Wikispaces. "Burns-Speech - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://burns-speech.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking

• Wikispaces. "BrookfieldHS-LMC - Public Speaking Informative Speech." CC BY-SA http://brookfieldhs-lmc.wikispaces.com/Public+Speaking+Informative++Speech

• Wikipedia. "Prewriting." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prewriting#Narrowing_the_topic

• Wikidot. "informative speaking - Public Speaking." CC BY-SA http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking



• Wikispaces. "Burns-Speech - Informative Speaking." CC BY-SA http://burns-speech.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking

• Wikibooks. "Rhetoric and Composition/Punctuation." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Rhetoric_and_Composition/Punctuation


• Wikipedia. "Transition (linguistics)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_(linguistics)

• Wikibooks. "Professional and Technical Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Professional_and_Technical_Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style#Selecting_Words


• Internet Archive. Public domain http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdfFree to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_events_(speech)%23Informative




http://jtenglish.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/

http://textcommons.org/node/137


http://burns-speech.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking


http://brookfieldhs-lmc.wikispaces.com/Public+Speaking+Informative++Speech


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prewriting%23Narrowing_the_topic


http://publicspeaking.wikidot.com/informative-speaking






http://burns-speech.wikispaces.com/Informative+Speaking


http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Rhetoric_and_Composition/Punctuation




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_(linguistics)


http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Professional_and_Technical_Writing/Rhetoric/Author/Style%23Selecting_Words




http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf

• Internet Archive. Public domain http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf

• Internet Archive. Public domain http://ia600607.us.archive.org/7/items/languageinaction00inhaya/languageinaction00inhaya.pdf



• Text Commons. "Make Your Speech Memorable | Public Speaking." [no BPE content] FLAG CC BY-NC-ND http://textcommons.org/node/152

• Wikipedia. "Visual aid." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_aid#Visual_Aids

• Wikipedia. "Wasteland Speech." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasteland_Speech

• United States White House. "Osama Bin Laden Dead | The White House." CC BY http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2011/05/02/osama-bin-laden-dead











http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/

http://textcommons.org/node/152


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_aid%23Visual_Aids


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasteland_Speech

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/

http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2011/05/02/osama-bin-laden-dead

informative speaking

Education

informative speech scope

informative speakingdefining

speech topic

type of speech

descriptive speech

definition speech

explantory speech

demonstrative speech