Information, Monitoring & MRV for REDD+ in Indonesia: The UN-REDD Approach

Joel Scriven

REDD+ After Cancun: Moving from Negotiation to Implementation

10 May 2011, Douala

• The UN-REDD Programme

• Information, monitoring & MRV

• Approach in Indonesia (and generally in Asia Pacific)

• Challenges to date

Outline

• Established in 2008 by UNDP, UNEP and FAO– UNFCCC Bali Action Plan

• Offers UN Joint Program: Delivering as One UN

• Agreed delivery platform with FCPF and FIP

• Supports countries to benefit from REDD+– Facilitate international cooperation;– Support countries through the development of the three REDD+ phases;– Capacity building and strengthening;

• FAO: Focus on technical monitoring and MRV aspects

The UN-REDD Programme

The UN-REDD Programme

MRV and Monitoring

Stakeholder Engagement

Multiple Benefits of forests/REDD+

Transparent Equitable Accountable Management of REDD+ Payments

REDD+ Governance

REDD+ as Catalyst of Green Economy

The UN-REDD Programme

• Two UNFCCC Decision texts:– Decision 4/CP.15 on methodological guidance for REDD+;– Decision 1/CP.16 Section II Chap. C on policy approaches for REDD+.

• Key points:– Use of International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidance and

Guidelines;– System for providing information on REDD+ safeguards (Information);– Set-up of robust and transparent national forest monitoring systems

(Monitoring and MRV);– Phased approach (1. Readiness; 2. Demonstration activities; 3. Fully

MRV’ed national activities).

Following (& Translating) UNFCCC Decisions

• Parties must develop a system for providing information on how REDD+ safeguards are being addressed and respected throughout the implementation of REDD+ activities:

a) Consistent with the objectives of NFPs and international agreements;b) Transparent and effective national forest governance structures;c) Respect for the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples and local

communities; d) The full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders;e) Consistent with the conservation of natural forests and biological diversity;f) Actions to address the risks of reversals (permanence);g) Actions to reduce displacement of emissions (leakage).

• Need to make this information accessible to all stakeholders during all implementation activities (Phases 2 and 3).

REDD+ Safeguards Information System

• In Phase 2 of REDD+:1. Demonstration Activities Monitoring System: Ensure that subnational

demonstration activities are results-based (i.e., result in measureable positive outcomes);

2. Provides basic national coverage data, e.g., forest cover changes and the location of fires (feeds into REDD+ Safeguards Information System);

» E.g. Brazil’s PRODES TERRA-AMAZON

1. In Phase 3 of REDD+:1. National Performance Monitoring System: Ensures that the

implementation of national policies and measures on all the national territory are results-based (for the country to check how successful their policies and measures are and international transparency).

Monitoring Systems

Measurement, Reporting & Verification

EMISSION FACTOR National Forest Inventory

ACTIVITY DATA Satellite land monitoring

system

2005

x

M

V UNFCCC Secretariat Roster of Experts

REDD+ GHG Inventory

LULUCF InventoryLULUCF

Inventory

Inventory compilation

QA/QC

Inventory compilation

QA/QC

Emission Inventory Database

Emission Inventory Database

UNFCCCUNFCCC

=

R

Phases & Elements: Bringing it all together...

Year 7Year 7Year 6Year 6Year 5Year 5Year 4Year 4Year 3Year 3

Capacity building & development

Capacity building & development

Year 2Year 2Year 1Year 1

Phase IReadiness

Phase IReadiness

Phase IIResults-based demonstration activities

Phase IIResults-based demonstration activities

Phase IIIPayments for verified performance

Phase IIIPayments for verified performance

RED

D+

PHAS

ESIN

FO, M

ON

& M

RV P

HAS

ES

National Performance Monitoring System

MRV System

SLMS:AD

NFI: EF

GHG-I:CO2e

REDD+ Safeguards Information SystemREDD+ Safeguards Information System

REDD+ Safeguards Information SystemREDD+ Safeguards Information System

SLMS

Demonstration Activities Monitoring System

• 3rd largest tropical forest area, peatlands; high deforestation rates

Hansen et al., South Dakota State University

Global Significance of Indonesia’s Forests

• Follow phases

• Phase 1: Readiness– Partnerships (e.g. Norway)– Extensive technical consultations– Develop Action Plan, including institutional arrangements: Build on existing

capacities and expertise– Presidential Decree to enact Action Plan – including creation of new

institutions and steering committees– Hire and train technical staff

Approach to Implementation in

Indonesia

• Phase 2: Transition, implementation & capacity building

• Implementation:– National policies and measures (e.g., logging moratorium)– Demonstration Activities Monitoring System for subnational pilot activities

(e.g., Central Kalimantan) – REDD+ Safeguards Information System

• Capacity building:– SLMS (data and image collection, processing and analysis)– NFI (training of field teams, data management, processing and storage)– REDD+ GHG inventory (standardization of all official data, reporting

requirements)

Approach to Implementation in

Indonesia

• Phase 3: Payments for verified performance

• Integration of REDD+ with other mitigation actions– Fully operational MRV System to report REDD+ mitigation performance in

CO2e: Payment linked to performance

– REDD+ reporting requirements consistent with NAMAs (paragraphs 60 & 61, 1/CP.16):• National Communications every four years• Update reports every two years

– REDD+ Safeguards Information System (ongoing)– Demonstration Activities Monitoring System National Performance

Monitoring System

Approach to Implementation in

Indonesia

• International context– Limited knowledge of negotiation outcomes

• Institutional– Gaining national consensus

• Coordination– Of international support– Distribution of tasks

• Technical– Communicating and building lasting technical knowledge

• Logistical– Extending training across Provinces

Challenges

Thank you for your attention

Contact: joel.scriven@fao.org