Infinitive and Gerund after verbs/expressions

TO + INFINITIVO:

Detrás de los siguientes verbos:

- afford: - plan - choose - offer -hope

- agree - propose - decide - help -expect

- attempt - arrange - would like - promise -want

- tend - prepare - refuse - seem -wish

- intend - manage - fail - look -need

- pretend - dare - learn - threaten

I can’t afford to pay that house / I agreed to lend her some money / He attempted to reach it.

Cuando el verbo va seguido de un objeto (verbo+objeto+infinitivo)

- ask -enable -expect -would prefer

- force -help -invite -order

- persuade -remind -teach(how) -tell

- want -warn -would like

I asked Mary to come to the party /She has forced them to tell the truth / They persuaded me to do it

Detrás de adjetivos y adverbios

( It´s interesting to learn languages)

Detrás de it is/ was +adjetivo + of+ sustantivo/pronombre

( It was very kind of you to help the old lady)

Detrás de adjetivo+for+objeto

(It was very difficult for us to find out the truth)

Con pronombres interrogativos ( excepto why)

(I didn´t know what to say)

(Why do it now?)

INFINITIVO (sin to)

- make - let - help (a veces con “to”)

Detrás de los verbos modales: can, could, must, should, would, may, might, …

He made her write a long essay / She doesn’t let me go out / Can you help me do the exercises? They could find the way / You should visit her …

Infinitive and Gerund after verbs/expressions

USO DEL GERUNDIO

Detrás de los siguientes verbos:

- admit - deny - cease - practice - enjoy*

- consider - detest - finish - risk - love*

- imagine - dislike - give up - suggest - like*

- mind - delay - resist - keep on - hate*

- involve - postpone - look forward to - carry on

- avoid - put off - miss - go on

Los verbos con “*” podrían ir seguidos de infinitivo

Normalmente con expresiones como: can´t help, can´t stand, can’t bear

Siempre con expresiones como: it´s (not) worth, it’s no use, to be used to/to get used to

It’s no use talking to her, she won’t listen / They got used to driving on the left.

Detrás de una preposición

i.e. I watched TV after doing the washing up.

Como sujeto de una oración

i.e. Smoking is not healthy

Para expresar prohibiciones cortas

i.e No smoking

VERBOS SEGUIDOS DE INFINITIVO O GERUNDIO con cambio de significado

-remember - regret - mean

- forget - stop - try

El significado de estos verbos cambia en función de que les sigan infinitivos o gerundios.

Los verbos de percepción SEE HEAR FEEL SMELL WATCH también pueden ir seguidos de objeto +

Infinitivo sin to o de objeto +ing

A continuación podéis estudiar los apuntes tomados de la página: fundacionloyola.org, de la cual he

tomado ejemplos y algunas notas para elaborar los apuntes anteriores.

Infinitive and Gerund after verbs/expressions

1. FORGET + TO + INF= se refiere a acciones futuras

i.e Don´t forget to feed the cat

FORGET + GERUNDIO se refiere al pasado

i.e. Has he forgotten saying that?

2. REGRET TO + INF se refiere al presente o al futuro

i.e We regret to give you such bad news

REGRET + GERUNDIO se refiere al pasado

i.e. She doesn´t regret lying to us

3. REMEMBER + to +INFINITIVO: se refiere a una acción en el futuro o una acción futura

vista desde el pasado

i.e. Before you go to bed, remember to switch off the TV

i.e. Before she went to bed, she remembered to switch off the TV

REMEMBER + GERUNDIO : se refiere al pasado

i.e I remember telling him before

4. STOP + INFINITIVO: “dejar de a hacer algo en movimiento para hacer una cosa distinta

i.e. We stopped the car to buy some magazines

STOP + GERUNDIO : simplemente dejar de hacer una acción

i.e she stopped crying

5. TRY + TO + INFINITIVO: intentar hacer algo con un esfuerzo

i.e Try to push the door with both hands

TRY + GERUNDIO: “experimentar, probar algo

i.e Try studying a little harder to pass your exam

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