Infant Oral Health Care

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Oral Conditions of Infancy

Candidiasis (thrush)Candidiasis (thrush)

HerpesHerpes

CystsCysts

Eruption cystsEruption cysts

Natal or Neonatal teethNatal or Neonatal teeth

Early Childhood Caries (tooth decay)Early Childhood Caries (tooth decay)

Candidiasis (thrush)

Courtesy Marquette University School of Dentistry – photographer unknown

Herpes

Courtesy USC School of Dentistry

Cysts

Courtesy Marquette University School of Dentistry – photographer unknown

Growth & Development of the Teeth

At birth the primary (baby) teeth have At birth the primary (baby) teeth have already formed already formed

Permanent teeth are developing or Permanent teeth are developing or beginning to mineralize (harden)beginning to mineralize (harden)

Courtesy WI Dept. of Health and Family Services

Eruption Patterns

Courtesy WI Dept. of Health and Family Services

Natal or Neonatal teeth

Courtesy Dr. Dietmar Kennel

Eruption Cysts

Courtesy University of Washington School of Dentistry

Primary teeth (baby teeth) Primary teeth (baby teeth) are important for…are important for…

A. Talking and eatingA. Talking and eating

B. Saving room for permanent teethB. Saving room for permanent teeth

C. They aren’t important!C. They aren’t important!

D. Both A and BD. Both A and B

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Importance of Primary (Baby) Teeth

Smiling & self-esteemSmiling & self-esteem

Chewing and eating Chewing and eating

Speech developmentSpeech development

Aid proper jaw and face formationAid proper jaw and face formation

Guide permanent teeth into placeGuide permanent teeth into place

1 or more decayed teeth 1 or more decayed teeth

Child under age 6Child under age 6

Previously known as:Previously known as:

Baby bottle tooth decayBaby bottle tooth decay

Bottle mouthBottle mouth

Nursing decay Nursing decay

Sippy cup decaySippy cup decay

Early Childhood Caries or ECC (Tooth Decay)

Courtesy Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, Missouri

Courtesy Proctor & Gamble

ECC

Courtesy Proctor & Gamble

Severe ECC

“Early Childhood Caries” is…

AA. A cavity . A cavity BB. Caused by drinks with . Caused by drinks with sugarsugarCC. Is only caused by a bottle. Is only caused by a bottleDD. Both A and B. Both A and B

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Results of ECC

Pain and infectionPain and infection

Difficulty eating and sleepingDifficulty eating and sleeping

Affects nutrition and growthAffects nutrition and growth

Courtesy Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, Missouri

Courtesy Proctor & Gamble

Results of ECC

What is a cavity?What is a cavity?

AA. A large hole in the head . A large hole in the head

BB. A disease. A disease

CC. A hole in the tooth. A hole in the tooth

DD. Both B and C. Both B and C

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Causes of ECC

Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, Missouri

ECC Causes - Bacteria

Passed from Passed from caregiver to childcaregiver to child

food/drinkfood/drink

utensilsutensils

toothbrushestoothbrushes

Blowing on or Blowing on or pre- pre-chewing food chewing food

More likely if mother has decayMore likely if mother has decay

Early spread increases decay riskEarly spread increases decay risk

Courtesy Proctor & Gamble

Courtesy Proctor & Gamble

ECC Causes - Diet

Food typeFood type

Starchy foodsStarchy foods

Added or natural Added or natural sugarsugar

Pacifier dipped in Pacifier dipped in sweetenersweetener

Liquid medicineLiquid medicine

Courtesy Proctor & GambleCourtesy Proctor & Gamble

ECC Causes - Time

ECC Causes - Time

Frequency and Frequency and length of feedinglength of feeding

Bedtime bottleBedtime bottle

““At will” nighttime At will” nighttime nursingnursing

““Carry along” Carry along” bottle or no-spill bottle or no-spill training cuptraining cup

Frequent snackingFrequent snacking

Courtesy Proctor & GambleCourtesy Proctor & Gamble

ECC Causes - Teeth

Enamel HypoplasiaEnamel HypoplasiaDeformed, weak Deformed, weak enamelenamel

Causes:Causes:• Fever or virusFever or virus• Low birth weightLow birth weight

Lack of fluorideLack of fluorideEnamel is more vulnerable to acidsEnamel is more vulnerable to acids

Courtesy Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, Missouri

Which of the Which of the following can cause following can cause ECC?ECC?

A. Pepsi A. Pepsi

B. 100% fruit juice (example: Juicy-Juice)B. 100% fruit juice (example: Juicy-Juice)

C. MilkC. Milk

D. All of the aboveD. All of the above

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ECC Prevention

DietDiet

Reduce bacteriaReduce bacteria

Oral hygieneOral hygiene

Treat motherTreat mother

Protect the teethProtect the teeth

Regular dental visitsRegular dental visits

ECC Prevention – Diet & Time

Watch sugar/starch exposureWatch sugar/starch exposure

Limit night beveragesLimit night beverages

Provide healthy snacksProvide healthy snacks

Avoid pacifier dippingAvoid pacifier dipping

Wean from bottle/breast by one yearWean from bottle/breast by one year

Ask for sugar-free medicationAsk for sugar-free medication

ECC Prevention – Reduce Bacteria

Check mother’s (or primary caregiver’s) Check mother’s (or primary caregiver’s) oral healthoral health

Treat decayTreat decay

Xylitol gum or mintsXylitol gum or mints

No saliva-sharing activitiesNo saliva-sharing activities

Courtesy Proctor & Gamble

ECC Prevention – Reduce Bacteria

Courtesy Proctor & Gamble

ECC Prevention – Reduce Bacteria

ECC Prevention – Protect Tooth

Fluoridated waterFluoridated water

Fluoride drops?Fluoride drops?

Fluoride toothpasteFluoride toothpaste

Only use before age 2 if no fluoride in Only use before age 2 if no fluoride in water, or baby has ECCwater, or baby has ECC

Only use a tiny smear across width of Only use a tiny smear across width of brushbrush

Repair hypoplasias (enamel defects)Repair hypoplasias (enamel defects)

What does fluoride do?What does fluoride do?

A. Is what causes the flu A. Is what causes the flu

B. Protects the teethB. Protects the teeth

C. Helps repair early stages of decayC. Helps repair early stages of decay

D. Both B and CD. Both B and C

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ECC Prevention - Dental Visits

12 months old or 6 months after12 months old or 6 months after 11stst tooth tooth

Early morning Early morning appointmentappointment

Build excitementBuild excitement

Be calmBe calm

Courtesy University of Washington School of Dentistry

First Dental Visit

Dentist will:Dentist will:

Check:Check:Face and JawsFace and Jaws

Gums, Tongue, Gums, Tongue, TissuesTissues

Teeth and BiteTeeth and Bite

Ask questionsAsk questions

Give informationGive information

Courtesy University of Washington School of Dentistry

Acknowledgements

MAJ Georgia delaCruzMAJ Georgia delaCruzDental Staff OfficerDental Staff Officer

Directorate of Health Promotion & WellnessDirectorate of Health Promotion & Wellness

US Army Center for Health Promotion & Preventive MedicineUS Army Center for Health Promotion & Preventive Medicine

Additional graphics or information provided by the Additional graphics or information provided by the following:following:

University of Washington School of Dentistry

Diann Bomkamp, RDH, BSDH, Missouri

Dr. Dietmar Kennel

USC School of Dentistry

Marquette University School of Dentistry

WI Dept. of Health and Family Services