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Industrialization
Industrialization It is the period of social and economic
change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial one.
It is part of wider modernization process where social change and economic development are closely related with technological innovation.
History Industrialization first started with the
Industrial Revolution in the north-west and Midlands of England in the 18th century. It spread to Europe and North America in the 19th century.
Types of Industries
Primary Industry Primary industries are those that
harvest or extract raw material from nature from land or sea.
Examples
Oil Iron ore Timber Fish Mining Quarrying Fishing Forestry Farming
Secondary Industry
Sometimes referred to as Manufacturing industry
Involve the manufacture of raw materials, into another product by manual labour or machines.
Secondary industries often use assembly lines e.g. a car factory
Tertiary Industry
Sometime referred to as Services industry
Neither produce a raw material nor make a product.
Instead they provide services to other people and industries.
Examples Doctors Dentists Refuse collection Banks
Quaternary Industries
Involve the use of high tech industries. People who work for these companies
are often highly qualified within their field of work.
Research and development companies are the most common types of businesses in this sector.
Forms of Industrialization
Broadly, industries can be of the following types depending on the raw material used and products made.
They are:
Manufacturing Industries:
-Industries which produce goods by utilizing or processing raw materials, semi-processed materials, byproducts or waste products or any other goods.
Energy-Based Industries
Industries generating energy from water resources, wind, solar, coal, natural oil, gas, bio-gas or any other sources.
Agro and Forest-Based Industries
-Business mainly based on agriculture or forest products such as integrated sericulture and silk production, horticulture and fruit processing, animal husbandry, dairy industry, poultry farming, fishery, tea gardening and processing, coffee farming and processing, horticulture and herb processing, vegetable seed farming, mushroom, vegetable farming or vegetable processing, tissue culture, green house, beekeeping, honey production, rubber farming, floriculture and production, and forestry related businesses such as leasehold forests, agro-forestry, etc.
Mineral Industries
-Industries that excavate or process minerals.
Tourism Industries
Tourist lodging, motel, hotel, restaurant, resort, travel agency, skiing, gliding, water rafting, cable car complex, pony-trekking, trekking, hot air ballooning, para-sailing, golf-course, polo, horse-riding, etc.
Service Industry
Workshop, printing press, consultancy service, ginning and baling business, cinematography, construction business, public transportation business, photography, hospital, nursing home, educational and training institution, laboratory, air services, cold storage, etc.
Construction Industries
-Road, bridge, ropeway, railway, trolley bus, tunnel, flying bridge and industrial, commercial and residential complex construction and operation.
Causes of Industrialization Improved transportation Investment capital New inventions Natural resources Population growth High immigration
Effects of Industrialization Positive Effects
Negative Effects
Positive Effects Job opportunities Transport new material Urbanization Steam engine Railroad system Raised the standard living
Negative Effects Over crowding Health problem Child labour Lack of sanitation Fatigue and illness
Top 10 Developed CountriesCountries HDINorway 0.944
Australia 0.933
Switzerland 0.917
Netherlands 0.915
United States 0.914
Germany 0.911
New Zealand 0.910
Canada 0.902
Singapore 0.901
Denmark 0.900
hdr.undp.org/en/content/table-1-human-development-index-and-its-components
Country with the highest GDPRank Country US$
1 Monaco 163,026
2 Liechtenstein 134,617
3 Luxembourg 111,162
4 Norway 100,819
5 Qatar 93,352
— Macau 91,376
— Bermuda 84,471
6 Switzerland 80,477
7 Australia 67,468
8 San Marino 62,188
9 Denmark 58,894
10 Sweden 58,269
World bank
Countries with the largest GDP share indicate a weak primary sector and a huge share in the service industry. In developing countries, however, agriculture is the largest contributor to the GDP. Their focus, in terms of economic growth, should be to make their presence felt more effectively in the service industry.
Country Industry: Major Sectors Per Nation
Country Agriculture (%) Industry (%) Services (%)
Brazil 5.5 28.5 66
Canada 2 28.4 69.6
China 10.6 49.2 40.2
France 2.2 20.3 77.4
Germany 0.9 30.1 69
India 17.2 29.1 53.7
Italy 2 26.7 71.3
Japan 1.4 26.4 72.1
Russia 4.1 41.1 54.8
US 1.2 19.6 79.2
UK 0.9 22.8 76.2
The country industry data and GDP composition spanning varied sectors across different nations are listed in the table below. The data is gathered from the CIA World Fact book, 2008.
http://www.economywatch.com/world-country/industry-sector.html
Philippines Industrialization Situation and Issues
Industrial Production in Philippines decreased 1.8 percent in January of 2015 over the same month in the previous year. Industrial Production in Philippines averaged 9.22 percent from 1986 until 2014, reaching an all time high of 68.60 percent in April of 1988 and a record low of -26.60 percent in January of 2009. Industrial Production in Philippines is reported by the National Statistics Office of Philippines.
The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Philippines was worth 272.02 billion US dollars in 2013. The GDP value of Philippines represents 0.44 percent of the world economy. GDP in Philippines averaged 60.12 USD Billion from 1960 until 2013, reaching an all time high of 272.02 USD Billion in 2013 and a record low of 4.40 USD Billion in 1962. GDP in Philippines is reported by the World Bank
Business Confidence in Philippines decreased to 45.20 in the first quarter of 2015 from 48.30 in the fourth quarter of 2014. Business Confidence in Philippines averaged 25.93 from 2001 until 2015, reaching an all time high of 54.90 in the second quarter of 2013 and a record low of -32.60 in the fourth quarter of 2001. Business Confidence in Philippines is reported by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.