INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEMS & MODULAR COORDINATION

RACHANA AGUTALE (MT15CTM012)

VAIDIK SAKUNIA (MT15CTM017)

INTRODUCTION

Industrialized Building System can be defined as building systems in which structural components are manufactured in a factory, on or off site, transported and assembled into a structure with minimal additional site works.

IBS is one of the improved building systems that are being introduced to achieve the target of faster completion with mass production of the building elements in places out of its final location in a building.

It has been proven successful in some countries, namely Finland, Denmark, Netherlands, Singapore, England and the United States.

CHARACTERSTICS OF IBS One of the major characteristics of the IBS is the  Industrial

production of components through prefabrication, “OR” sometimes highly mechanized in-situ processes i.e. permanent steel formworks, tunnel forms, etc.

Reduced labor during prefabrication of components and site works.

Modern design and manufacturing methods involving Information Technology like usage of Computer Aided design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM).

Systematic Quality Control i.e ISO 9000 principles. Open Building Concept- permitting hybrid applications, and

adaptable to standardization and MC (Modular Coordination)

CLASSIFICATION OF IBS There are various Industrialized Building

Systems (IBS) used throughout the world, and they can be classified into three major categories.

These categories are:- 1. Frame or Post & Beam System. 2. Panel System. 3. Box system.

General System

System Production Material

1 Frame System

Light weight frame Wood, light gage metals

Medium light weight frame

Metal, reinforced plastics, laminated wood

Heavy weight frame Heavy steel, concrete

2 Panel System

Light & medium weight panel

Wood frame, metal frame & composite materials

Heavy weight panel(factory produced)

Concrete

Heavy weight panel(tilt up-produced on site)

Concrete

3 Box System

Medium weight box(mobile)

Wood frame, light gage metal, composite

Medium weight box(sectional)

Wood frame, light gage metal, composite

Heavy weight box(factory produced)

Concrete

Heavy box(tunnel produced on site)

Concrete

In the evaluation of the systems various parameters such as-

1.the industrialized process used2. transportation & erection problems,3.architectural features 4.socio-economic problems must be considered.

FRAME SYSTEM Frame structures may be defined as those structures that

carry the loads through their beams and girders to column and to the ground.

Their important feature is the capacity to transfer heavy loads over large spans.

Used in the construction of bridges, parking lots, warehouses, industrial buildings, sport facilities and so on.

PANEL SYSTEM  Panel system may be defined as those structures

that carry the load through large floor and wall panels.

Concrete panel systems are extensively used in Europe for high rise building for ease of construction purpose.

Used in Hollow core slabs, Interior & Exterior Wall.

BOX SYSTEMBox system may be defined as those

systems that use 3D modules (or boxes) for fabrication of habitat units.

The main features of this system are in the internal stability as it can withstand load from various directions.

Require only large prefabricated sections to be transported or handled at one time.

WHY IBS??? Scenario in construction industry compared to other

sectors is that the construction industry suffers from low productivity, safety and quality control.

Due to the traditional labor-intensive practices, the 3- D Syndrome (Dirty, Difficult & Dangerous) has always been associated with the construction industry.

IBS is a good solution for these kind of problems of the construction industry- messy sites, high wastages, labor intensive works, low quality work, delays.

ADVANTAGES1. Reduction of site labor 2. Minimal wastage 3. Less site material 4. Cleaner environment 5. Controlled quality 6. Neater and safer site 7. Faster Project Completion 8. Lower total construction cost

Low site workers requirement due to simplified construction methods.

Quality-controlled and highly aesthetic end products through the processes of controlled pre-fabrication and simplified installations.

Reduction of construction materials at sites through usage of pre-fabricated components.

Reduction or elimination of conventional timber formworks and props which are replaced by pre-fabricated components and alternative moulds with multiple-usage capability.

Reduction of construction waste with the usage of the standardized components and less in-site works.

Cleaner sites due to lesser construction waste. Safer construction sites due to the reduction of

site workers, materials and construction waste.  Faster completion of construction projects due

to the usage of standardized pre-fabricated components and simplified installation processes.

Cheaper total construction costs.

SEQUENCE OF ACTIVITIES OF IBS CONSTRUCTION METHOD

MODULAR COORDINATION  A modular building is a pre-engineered structure

that is flexible enough to satisfy virtually any requirement, it is tougher than standard drywall construction, expandable, can be relocated and completely re-usable.

One obvious advantage that modular construction has over conventional construction is cost as not only it can one save up to 35% on the initial construction costs like labor and materials, but there are other benefits as well.

With increasing industrialization to the building industry, steadily larger parts of buildings are made up of prefabricated components, delivered to the building site from the factories.

Evidently, some sort of dimensional coordination of these component amongst themselves and with the design are of paramount importance.

The full benefit of the industrialization is impossible without standardization….AND..

No effective standardization is possible in the building industry, without dimensional coordination.

Modular coordination is a concept of coordination of dimension and space in which buildings and components are dimensioned and positioned in terms of basic unit or module.

The basic module is known as 1M which is equivalent to 100mm.

It is internationally accepted by the International Standard Organization and many other countries including Malaysia.

MODULAR CO-ORDINATION CONCEPT

Less wet work site.Non dependence on

unskilled laborLess modification on

site

Promote Industrialization (component manufactured in factory)

Through Standardization

Improves Productivity

CHARACTERISTICS OF MODULE Industrialization friendly i.e. able to cater for

manufacturing, transportation and assembly requirements.

Small enough in term of size in order to provide the necessary flexibility in design.

Internationally accepted to ensure that it can be mass produced to cater for global market.

Ergonomic i.e. able to improve the efficiency of people by providing adequate space for human livings and working conditions.

NECESSITY OF MODULAR COORDINATION

 It provides a practical and coherent: method for coordinating- the position and dimension of elements, components and spaces in the planning and design of buildings.

 To provide guidance to building component sizing which can reduce(as much as possible)the need to further trim and shape the materials to fit together in construction, hence, reducing wastage of labor and material.

For mass production of building components in factories which ensures good and consistent workmanship and quality.

To permit standardization, which encourages the use of standardized building components for the construction of different types of building.

DIMENSIONAL COORDINATION is defined as- A convention for the co-ordination of the dimensions of building components and incorporating them in their design, manufacture and assembly by means of a three dimensional spatial references system of points, lines and planes to which the position and size of a components may be related.

The dimensional coordination is essential because of the following reasons :-

 To simplify design and documentation procedures and allow the implementation of computer techniques.

To achieve optimum efficiency in the manufacture and use of components and assemblies.

 To avoid cutting or modifying components and assemblies on site.

To standardize the profile and detail of joints between components.

To Reduce non-standard or dimensionally incompatible components and assemblies.

REASONS TO CHOOSE MODULAR CONSTRUCTION OVER CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION

FEATURE ADVANTAGES BENEFITSa Pre-Engineered No need for an engg/architect. No hidden design costs.b Ease of

CoordinationAbility to supply single source installation through factory-trained distributor network.

Buying is simple with local support & assistance.

c Appearance Attractive integrated systems manufactured to your exact.

Consistent high quality in both appearance & design.

d Speedy Installation Fewer disruptions to plant operations.

Maintains plant productivity during building installation.

e No Mess No need to seal off areas against dust.

Eliminates additional labor costs & minimizes plant disruption.

f Low Maintenance Pre-finished walls require little maintenance beyond occasional surface cleaning.

Eliminates costly painting & other maintenance & repairs.

g Durability Reinforced cavity & tough quality facings decrease chances of damage.

Long lasting product will perform for years without deterioration.

h Adaptability Quickly & easily relocatable,expandable & reusable.

Provides maximum flexibility to meet your company's needs.

i Sound Resistance Fire & Sound panels provide superior sound deadening.

Noise level reduction produces a more productive work environment.

j Accelerated Depreciation

Depreciation is over 7 years vs. 31-1/2 years for conventional construction.

Quicker return on investment.