Mahmoudreza Ovissipour, Gleyn E. Bledsoe, Barbara Rasco

School of Food Science: Washington State University, University of Idaho

Waste To Worth 2015Seattle WA

March 30 - April 3, 2015

Collaborators

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Tabarestan Science and Technology Incubator, Sari, Iran

Caspian Zist Fanavaran Co. Iran

Tabarestan Genetics and

Biotechnology Research Institute,

Sari, Iran

Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural University, Sari, Iran

Wheat Production State of Art in Iran Wheat production in 2014 in Iran: 13.5 million tons

Iran is the 12th largest producer of wheat in the world

Average precipitation in Iran: 270 mm

Average precipitation in U.S.A: 715 mm, and in WA: 976 mm

Problem: The salt concentration is increasing in water and soil which are used for wheat

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Underutilized Fish Anchovy Sprat (Clupeonella engrauliformis) 12000 Mtons per

year (from the Caspian Sea)

Main application is fish meal production

Seafood production in Iran: 562,595 Mtons

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Viscera (12-18%): Fish meal, Food and Feed, Oil,

Enzymes

Fillet (40-60%): Food

Bone (9-15%): Fish meal, Collagen,

Gelatin

Head (9-12%): Fish meal, Food, Oil

Skin (1-3%): Fish meal, Collagen, Gelatin, Leather Fish

Wastes

Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Chemical Hydrolysis

Autolysis and

Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Autolysis

Project Produce amino acid fertilizer from under-utilized fish and fish waste at an

industrial scale

Desired Effect: Increasing the wheat production

Desired Effect: Increasing the wheat resistance to salinity

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Amino Acid Fertilizer Production

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Under-utilized fish or fish waste

Grinding water

(1:2 w/v)

Heating at 50 °C Adding Alcalase (1%

v/w)

Enzyme Deactivation 90°C, 10 min

Centrifugation or Decanting to

Separate Liquid and Solid Phases

Enzymatic Hydrolysis 5 h

The Effect of Fish Amino Acid Fertilizer (FAAF) on Wheat

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Roshan Cultivar

Growth

Chlorophyll

SalinityRes.

20 days trial

Amino-Hirkan

™

A comparison with 4 commercial

amino acid fertilizers was

conducted

40 and 80 mM

Greenhouse conditions: Temperature: 26°CRelative Humidity: 40%Photoperiod: 16L:8D

Results

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Parameter F-1 F-2 F-3 F-4 Amino-Hyrkan

Chlorophyll (mg/g wet weight)

3.86±0.02b 3.92±0.08b 3.88±0.1b 4.11±0.02ab

4.48±0.13a

Catalase (control) (U/mg Protein)

0.777±0.058 0.821±0.121 0.685±0.072 0.831±0.114 0.725±0.031

Catalase (40 Mm) (U/mg Protein)

0.784±0.042 0.756±0.055 0.745±0.43 0.786±0.062

0.765±0.053

Catalase (80 Mm) (U/mg Protein)

0.715±0.076 0.794±0.087 0.720±0.038 0.740±0.067

0.688±0.083

Peroxidase (control) (U/mg Protein)

6.12±0.14bB 5.87±0.2bB 6.34±0.16bC 6.82±0.8bC

8.84±0.14aC

Peroxidase (40 Mm) (U/mg Protein)

8.95±0.08b A 8.9±0.03bA 9.08±0.05bB 9.13±0.08bB

11.23±0.06aB

Peroxidase (80 Mm) (U/mg Protein)

9.14±0.20bA 9.05±0.11bA 9.45±0.14bA 10.22±0.11bA

13.54±0.36aA

Chlorophyll Production and Salinity Resistance The influence of four different commercial amino acid fertilizers and Amino-Hyrkan™ on Roshan wheat cultivar chlorophyll, and response to salinity

1 Values with different lower case letters in same column are significantly different (P < 0.05)2 Values with different upper case letters in same row are significantly different (P < 0.05)

Growth

Parameter F-1 F-2 F-3 F-4 Amino-Hyrkan

Seedling Height (cm)

21.34±0.75b 21.08±1.11b 21.64±0.54b 21.52±0.35b 27.45±0.83a

Seedling weight (g) 4.1±0.42b 4.02±0.23b 4.14±0.63b 4.23±0.81b 6.3±0.5a

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The influence of four different commercial amino acid fertilizers and Amino-Hyrkan™ on Roshan wheat cultivar growth

Values with different upper case letters in same row are significantly different (P < 0.05)

Growth

Amino acid Quantity (g/100 g)

F-1 F-2 F-3 F-4 Amino-Hyrkan™

Histidine 5.77 5.87 7.92 8.1 9.12

Isoleucine 5.26 5.16 6.14 5.54 7.21

Leucine 6.91 6.11 7.42 6.87 7.67

Lysine 0.97 0.67 1.27 2.65 3.82

Methionine 0.85 1.55 1.32 2.64 1.52

Phenyl alanine 2.41 2.41 3.57 3.83 3.76

Tyrosine 0.48 1.42 1.11 1.19 1.47

Threonine 4.87 3.64 4.87 4.3 5.1

Tryptophan _ _ _ _ _

Arginine 7.08 6.73 7.78 6.83 8.32

Valine 7.2 6.91 7.42 8.83 7.87

Aspartic acid 8.32 9.66 10.33 9.23 11.45

Glycine 3.1 2.88 4.18 6.08 4.58

Alanine 2.23 2.15 1.86 2.86 2.7

Glutamic acid 12.76 14.22 15.31 16.23 15.65

Serine 5.42 4.98 6.38 7.38 6.63

Total 73.63 74.36 86.88 92.56 96.87 11

Amino acid composition of four commercial amino acid fertilizer and Amino-Hyrkan

Commercialization

Lab Scale Test

Greenhouse Test

Farm Test

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Other Related Products from Fish Wastes

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Algae Soda

Peptone from Tuna Wastes Feeds

Continuing Efforts

Optimization of amino acid fertilizer composition based on application to specific crops

Determination of the effects of seafood-based amino acid fertilizer on nutritional value, and the disease resistance of plants

Amino acid fertilizer production from other sources such as tuna wastes, stickwater, restaurant wastes, and slaughter house by-products

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Seafood Processing Waste

Flying Fish Heads

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Simple Fish Compost

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Thank You!Questions ?

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