industrial revolution why britain first? the effects on europe the effects on the world

Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution

Why Britain First?Why Britain First?

The Effects on EuropeThe Effects on Europe

The Effects on the World The Effects on the World

Why Britain FirstWhy Britain First

ReasonsReasons1.1. England was small enough to build roads, England was small enough to build roads,

waterways, canals and railroads to cover the waterways, canals and railroads to cover the whole country.whole country.

2.2. England was already urbanized. (People had England was already urbanized. (People had already begun moving to cities to look for already begun moving to cities to look for jobs)jobs)

3.3. England began using new technology like England began using new technology like railroads especially fuels like coal.railroads especially fuels like coal.

4.4. The new forms of agriculture allowed for more The new forms of agriculture allowed for more production of foodproduction of food

5.5. England had a large pool of unemployed England had a large pool of unemployed people looking for workpeople looking for work

EnglandEngland

Effects of the Industrial Effects of the Industrial RevolutionRevolution

Improvement in TransportationImprovement in Transportation

UrbanizationUrbanization

Working ConditionsWorking Conditions

The Rise of Big Business The Rise of Big Business

Laissez-Faire EconomicsLaissez-Faire Economics

Rise in Standard of LivingRise in Standard of Living

Change in Social RolesChange in Social Roles

New Class StructureNew Class Structure

TransportationTransportation

Improvements in transportationImprovements in transportation– The steam engine allows for cheap The steam engine allows for cheap

transportation.transportation.The steam engine was first used in miningThe steam engine was first used in mining

– James Watt makes a faster and more efficient James Watt makes a faster and more efficient engine.engine.

Steam engines are use on boats making the Steam engines are use on boats making the transportation of people and raw materials transportation of people and raw materials cheaper and faster.cheaper and faster.

– Robert Fulton, American Robert Fulton, American

TransportationTransportation

RailroadsRailroads– A cheap way to A cheap way to

transport goods transport goods and raw materials.and raw materials.

– Created new jobs in Created new jobs in both the railroad both the railroad industry and industry and mining industry mining industry (coal to run the (coal to run the trains)trains)

– Made travel easierMade travel easier

Class QuestionClass Question

Write down on a sheet of paper what Write down on a sheet of paper what – Urbanization is defined asUrbanization is defined as

– Next brainstorm with a partner the followingNext brainstorm with a partner the followingYour city is set up to hold 40,000 people and you do Your city is set up to hold 40,000 people and you do so very efficientlyso very efficiently

– Good trash pick up, sewers work well, enough food, Good trash pick up, sewers work well, enough food, hospital spaces, jobs, transportation systems, police, hospital spaces, jobs, transportation systems, police, housing for allhousing for all

In 9 years your city triples in size to 120,000 people In 9 years your city triples in size to 120,000 people or a little less then 9,000 new people a year. What or a little less then 9,000 new people a year. What problems might your city have.problems might your city have.

– Brainstorm and write down the problemsBrainstorm and write down the problems


Due to the growth of the factories in Due to the growth of the factories in the cities people moved from the the cities people moved from the rural areas to the cities.rural areas to the cities.– By 1850 most major European cities By 1850 most major European cities

double in size.double in size.– In most cities the living conditions were In most cities the living conditions were

poor.poor.Cities were without sewage, and garbage Cities were without sewage, and garbage rotted on the streets.rotted on the streets.


Why was there a growth of citiesWhy was there a growth of cities– People were living longer because of People were living longer because of

better dietsbetter diets– The number of wars and epidemic The number of wars and epidemic

diseases declineddiseases declined(What does epidemic mean)(What does epidemic mean)

– Factories sprung up in citiesFactories sprung up in cities


On a sheet of paper write down two On a sheet of paper write down two to three reasons why factories to three reasons why factories sprung up in cities and not in rural sprung up in cities and not in rural areas.areas.


Factories Factories – Sprung up becauseSprung up because

Large labor force to work in the factoriesLarge labor force to work in the factories

Most cities had railroads and canal or rivers Most cities had railroads and canal or rivers for easy transportation of goodsfor easy transportation of goods

Access to large steam engines and Access to large steam engines and machinesmachines

Banks and money systems in citiesBanks and money systems in cities

Most investors lived in citiesMost investors lived in cities


Living ConditionsLiving Conditions– People lived in areas called row housesPeople lived in areas called row houses– People lived in overcrowded apartmentsPeople lived in overcrowded apartments– Most apartments had no Most apartments had no

Running waterRunning water

SewersSewers

Trash pick upTrash pick up


The cityThe city– Sewers and open drains were common Sewers and open drains were common

in most citiesin most cities– Because cities could not get rid of Because cities could not get rid of

human and animal waste, it rotted in human and animal waste, it rotted in the streetsthe streets

Cities smelled horridCities smelled horrid

– With no fresh drinking water people With no fresh drinking water people often drank from unsanitary wateroften drank from unsanitary water


If there are open sewers, waste in If there are open sewers, waste in the streets, dirty water what are you the streets, dirty water what are you going to have in cities?going to have in cities?

List on a sheet of paperList on a sheet of paper


Disease spread Disease spread quickly. Cholera quickly. Cholera epidemics wiped epidemics wiped out large portions out large portions of the people living of the people living in the slums.in the slums.


Typhus can be carried Typhus can be carried by lice, fleas, or mites.by lice, fleas, or mites.It is not be transferred It is not be transferred from person to person.from person to person.Often times these lice Often times these lice live in dirty, unclean live in dirty, unclean bedding, clothing.bedding, clothing.People who can not People who can not wash their clothing, wash their clothing, clean themselves or clean themselves or have clean bedding have clean bedding will often times will often times contract lice.contract lice.

SymptomsSymptoms– Severe headacheSevere headache– ChillsChills– FeverFever– General achesGeneral aches– RashRash– It kills up to 40 It kills up to 40

percent of its percent of its victimsvictims

– If not treated the If not treated the person dies in person dies in about two weeksabout two weeks

UrbanizationUrbanizationAn acute diarrhea disease An acute diarrhea disease of the intestines.of the intestines.Caused by bacteria.Caused by bacteria.After contraction the After contraction the person can show signs person can show signs after a few hours or up to 5 after a few hours or up to 5 days later.days later.If untreated a persons If untreated a persons chances of survival are chances of survival are about 40%about 40%After the bacteria is After the bacteria is ingested they multiply in ingested they multiply in great numbers.great numbers.The bacteria produces a The bacteria produces a toxin that disrupts the toxin that disrupts the intestine.intestine.

SymptomsSymptoms– Some may have no Some may have no

symptoms at all.symptoms at all.– GenerallyGenerally

Severe Severe dehydrationdehydrationMassive diarrheaMassive diarrheaVomitingVomitingMuscle cramps Muscle cramps from the loss of from the loss of waterwaterSunken eyesSunken eyesDry tongueDry tongue


People lived in crowded buildings. People lived in crowded buildings.

No police protection.No police protection.

Life span for a person in the city was Life span for a person in the city was 17.17.


Working ConditionsWorking Conditions– Take a moment and write down what Take a moment and write down what

happens to people when they work long happens to people when they work long hours, six days a week at a repetitive hours, six days a week at a repetitive job with machines.job with machines.

Factories and Working Factories and Working ConditionsConditions

FactoriesFactories– Factory owners wanted to keep the Factory owners wanted to keep the

machines running as long as possiblemachines running as long as possible– Workers worked up to 14 hours a day six Workers worked up to 14 hours a day six

or seven days a week.or seven days a week.– Work became routine, same job every day.Work became routine, same job every day.– Workers had to keep up with the pace of Workers had to keep up with the pace of

the machines.the machines.– People were treated as if they were a People were treated as if they were a

machinemachine


Factories were Factories were dangerous placesdangerous places– Poor lighting.Poor lighting.– Machines were not Machines were not

safe.safe.– Accidents and Accidents and

injuries happened injuries happened daily.daily.


Factory ConditionsFactory Conditions– No job securityNo job security

People could be fired at any timePeople could be fired at any time

– Half and hour lunch and dinnerHalf and hour lunch and dinnerNot paid forNot paid for

– Extreme temperaturesExtreme temperaturesExtremely hot in the summerExtremely hot in the summerCold in the winterCold in the winter

– Once in the factory people were locked Once in the factory people were locked into the factoryinto the factory

Child LaborChild Labor

Children played a very important Children played a very important role in the family economy during role in the family economy during the Industrial Revolutionthe Industrial Revolution

Children had always been used to Children had always been used to bring money into the family like bring money into the family like working in the fields but the working in the fields but the Industrial Revolution exploited Industrial Revolution exploited childrenchildren


What does the word exploited mean?What does the word exploited mean?

What would be reasons why factory What would be reasons why factory workers would be able to exploit workers would be able to exploit children and want to use children in children and want to use children in factories?factories?


Children as young as the Children as young as the age of 6 worked in the age of 6 worked in the factories.factories.

Children worked 6 to 7 days Children worked 6 to 7 days a week 12 hours a day.a week 12 hours a day.

Children were often beaten Children were often beaten to get them to work.to get them to work.

Factory workers would Factory workers would often splash water on often splash water on children or hit them with a children or hit them with a stick to keep them awake stick to keep them awake while working the long while working the long hourshours


Why use childrenWhy use children– Children had small hands and were Children had small hands and were

good with working with threadgood with working with thread– Because children were smaller they Because children were smaller they

were able to get under and around were able to get under and around machines easier then adultsmachines easier then adults

– Children could be trained to work at Children could be trained to work at factory workfactory work


Children were cheap Children were cheap laborlabor

Children were only paid Children were only paid 1/6 of what an adult 1/6 of what an adult male would makemale would make

Often times factory Often times factory owners would hire owners would hire children because they children because they were cheaper then were cheaper then adultsadults

Because of this children Because of this children became the main money became the main money makers for the familymakers for the family


It was not It was not uncommon to see uncommon to see children the ages children the ages of nine, ten or of nine, ten or eleven who had eleven who had been working in been working in factories and had factories and had lost fingers, hands, lost fingers, hands, arms, or legs.arms, or legs.

Notes SummaryNotes Summary

Write about the working a living Write about the working a living conditions during the Industrial conditions during the Industrial Revolution.Revolution.

Also why was Britain first among the Also why was Britain first among the Industrialized nations? What did Industrialized nations? What did they have that other nations did not they have that other nations did not have?have?

industrial revolution why britain first? the effects on europe the effects on the world

Documents

transportation of people

england slide

growth of cities people

streets cities

work slide

new people

transportation urbanization

world slide