industrial minerals
DESCRIPTION
Ministry of Energy and Mines. Current Trends and Future Opportunities. Industrial Minerals. George J. Simandl Industrial Minerals Specialist. Industrial Minerals and the Economy Trends British Columbia’s Geological Potential Assessment of Mineral Projects. Outline. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Industrial MineralsIndustrial Minerals
George J. SimandlGeorge J. SimandlIndustrial Minerals SpecialistIndustrial Minerals Specialist
Current Trends and Future OpportunitiesCurrent Trends and Future Opportunities
Ministry of Energy and Mines
OutlineOutline
Industrial Minerals Industrial Minerals and the Economyand the Economy
TrendsTrends
British Columbia’s British Columbia’s Geological PotentialGeological Potential
Assessment of Assessment of Mineral ProjectsMineral Projects
Any rock, mineral, or other Any rock, mineral, or other naturally occurring substance of naturally occurring substance of economic valueeconomic value, exclusive of:, exclusive of:
Definition of Industrial MineralsDefinition of Industrial Minerals
Dual minerals
metallic ores mineral fuels gemstones
Non-m etals
Metals
Year
0
4
8
12
Bill
ion
Can
$
16
198
5
1990
1995
200
0
Industrial Minerals and Metal ProductionIndustrial Minerals and Metal Productionin Canadain Canada
50%
75%
(Industrial Minerals and Structural Materials) ★
B.C.
Industrial Minerals in B. C.Industrial Minerals in B. C.
Mine - QuarryProcessing PlantProspect/DevelopmentMainly AggregatesOther Occurrence
High-Low PrincipleHigh-Low Principle
• High value: world market
• Low value: local market
Mineral US$/tonne
Wollastonite 200 - 300
Graphite 230 - 750
Mica 210 - 1200
Mineral US$/tonne
Crushed stone 6
Natural aggregate 4
Gypsum 7
High-Low PrincipleHigh-Low Principle
Developed / Developing countries
Security of land tenure
Trade barriers & government initiatives
Land sterilization
Value-added processing
Energy cost differences
• High value: world market
• Low value: local market
Land Sterilization / UrbanizationLand Sterilization / Urbanization
Source: USGS and BC Ministry of Energy and Mines
Land Sterilization / UrbanizationLand Sterilization / Urbanization
Source: USGS and BC Ministry of Energy and Mines
Raw Industrial Mineral
+Processing Method
Milling, Micronisation, and
Classification Flotation
Surface Modification
Bleaching Expansion
Delamination Calcining
Fusion
Value-Added Product
Value-added ProcessingValue-added Processing
Modified from: Simandl et al, 1996
Value-added Processing of CaCOValue-added Processing of CaCO33
Source: Harben & Kužvart, 1996
1. Aggregates / Agricultural lime
2. Glass, Carpet, Shingles
3. Adhesives, Caulks, Putty, Rubber, Stucco, Floor tiles
4. Fine ground fillers
150 10 14
40
80
120
160
200
Energy-intensive Value-added ProductsEnergy-intensive Value-added Products
Mineral Product US$/tonneMagnesite Raw 50
Caustic MgO 119 - 138Dead-burned MgO 105 - 135Fused MgO >320Mg Metal 2430
Energy-intensive Value-added ProductsEnergy-intensive Value-added Products
SiliconFerrosiliconSilicon carbideSintered or electrofused refractoriesTraditional or advanced ceramicsReinforcing or insulating fibresGlassIndustrial intermediates
Other Examples:
Global TrendsGlobal Trends
Environmental Regulations Health Regulations Recycling Efforts Technology
Environmental RegulationsEnvironmental Regulations
ZeolitesPerliteDolomiteCalcium carbonateLime Magnesia / MagnesitePeatDiatomite
Negative Impact Positive Impact
Sulphur
Gypsum
Environmental RegulationsEnvironmental Regulations
Source: Institute for Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, 2001
Salt
Health RegulationsHealth Regulations
Asbestos
Source: Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Youngstown State University, 2001
Silica
ATHWollastoniteDiatomiteMg(OH)2 PerliteVermiculitePumicePyrophylliteBariteAlumina/Emery
FiberglassCeramic fibersCarbon fibersAramid fibers
GarnetOlivineMagnesiteSlag
RecyclingRecycling
Source: National Asphalt Paving Association
TechnologyTechnology
Past
Glass plastic containers Acid neutral paper
Present
Wireless communications Flame retardants “Superpave”
Future ?
Internet marketing Fuel cell CO2 sequestration
What are the opportunities in British Columbia?
Project SelectionProject Selection
Successful IM Project
Deposit
Market
TenureTechnical FactorsInfrastructureTransportation
BC Industrial BaseExportsNicheTrends
Kettle Valley Stone CompanyKettle Valley Stone Company
B.C. Successes & ConclusionB.C. Successes & Conclusion
Rocky Mountain TufaRocky Mountain Tufa
MargraniteMargranite
IKOIKO
LafargeLafarge