Induction & Fuel Systems

Mr. Lombardi

Induction

The term “induction” applies to the pathway for fuel and air to enter the combustion chamber.

Including:– Fuel Storage, Filters, Lines, & Pumps– Carburetion– Fuel Injection– Manifolds

The Purpose of A Fuel System

Basic Parts of A Fuel SystemBasic Parts of A Fuel System

Air CleanerFuel Tank

Fuel Line

Fuel Inj/Carb

Fuel Pump

Fuel Filter

Air Filter

Fuel Tank

Usually two pieces of steel, welded together to form a container

Can also be made of plastic. It will have a fuel pickup in the deepest part Filler neck Vent to allow air back in Gauge Fuel pump

Fuel Filter

Screens out dirt and rust particles from the fuel, normally made into cartridges containing a filter paper.

Fuel Lines

A fuel line is a hose used to bring fuel from storage tank to the distribution center. (Carb/Injectors)

Commonly made of steel or high density plastic.

Fuel Pump

Fuel has to be pumped from the fuel tank to the engine under low pressure to the carburetor or high pressure to the fuel injection system.

Fuel Delivery

Carburetor Fuel Injection

Carburetors

Rely on the Venturi Vacuum principle Rated in CFM 3 Common Styles

– 1 Barrel– 2 Barrel– 4 Barrel (square bore/spread bore)

Venturi Vacuum

float bowl

fuel

atmosphericpressure

ventfuel

nozzle

venturi

vacuum

1 Barrel (200 – 400 CFM)

2 Barrel (350 – 500 CFM)

4 Barrel (400 – 1150 CFM)

Square Bore Vs. Spread Bore

Fuel Injection

Atomizes the fuel by forcibly pumping it through a small nozzle – Throttle Body Injection – 15 psi– Port Fuel Injection – 90 psi– Gasoline Direct Injection – 3,000 psi– Diesel Direst Injection – 30,000 psi

First Fuel Injection

1910 - Adams Farwell Originally adopted for diesel engines.

Typical Injector

Throttle Body Injection

1 or 2 Injectors for engine

Port Fuel Injection

An injector per cylinder aimed at the port opening.

Diesel Fuel Injection

Fuel injection “Timing” is critical

Direct Injection

Similar to Diesel, An injector per cylinder spraying directly inside each cylinder.

Intake Manifold

“Wet” for Carbureted applications “Dry” for Injected applications Older manifolds were made from Cast Iron Modern manifolds are made from Aluminum Future manifolds will almost always be made

of plastic (vinyl, phenolic resin, etc.)

Carbureted Intake Manifold

Injected Intake Manifold