indonesia: the untold stories
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Interesting data and facts that will make you feel more proud and love Indonesia. Premiere edition of information about Indonesia's natural wonders and potentials, what it stands and what so unique about this archipelago.TRANSCRIPT
DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF INFORMATION AND PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONMINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
INDONESIAT H E U N T O L D S T O R I E S
WORDS OF REMARKS
INDONESIA THE UNTOLD STORIES
The Ministry of Communication and Information Technology is proud to present this publication to the public containing various treasure the country has that perhaps many of us know little about. That is why we title this publication as Indonesia; The Untold Stories.
Over many years of development and in pursuit of our own identity, we have come to realize that many information, history, geography, anthropology, culture, national treasure and many more nation’s belongings we learnt from the west. In fact, our existence as a nation which dated back to thousands of years ago had very little place in the world history. Only after foreign settlement in Indonesia, we then began our nation and all its vast diversity being told to the public.
Naturally we have been grateful to all those explorer, historians, and many more foreign discoverers who have been passionate enough to write about our country. Nevertheless, to further give us a sense of unity or our own identity, the Ministry aims at publishing this book to seek wisdom from our own identity. It is with this purpose we hope to accomplish a clear path towards our destiny and help develope a direction for the future path towards prosperity.
We hope this publication will bring about pride and joy to everyone who simply never ceases to be amazed about this country, what it stands for and what make it so special to all of us.
Enjoy reading and God Bless Indonesia.
FREDDY H. TULUNG
DIRECTOR GENERAL OF
INFORMATION AND PUBLIC
COMMUNICATION
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FOREWORD
Geography is destiny. This book called INDONESIA THE UNTOLD STORIES is the premiere series of publication about the country’s best kept secrets information that astonishes not just every Indonesian, but the world alike.
This coffee table style and format is designed to ease and entertain readers with picturesque and easy to digest content of all ages and walks of life.
Indonesia which spans over 5,000 kilometers from east to west or equivalent range of Vladivostok to Sweden is a country of endless wonders and diversity waiting to be discovered. Out of 17,500 islands less than 6% even have names. No wonder if Indonesia is called with many precious phrases; from the jewels of equator, the amazon of the sea, the most diverse rainforest, and most of all the custodian of coral reef triangle. Our oceans contribute over 30% of air all creatures breathe in this planet.
With so much to write about this country, we are confident that we will follow production of the next series and will welcome contributions, critics or even some photographic materials to enrich our library.
We wish to acknowledge a special friend from Good News From Indonesia movement who relentlessly strive to spread the good news about this country.
Please also join us in wishing all of Indonesian the very best and may this book brings the best of us; today, tomorrow and beyond.
DEDET SURYA NANDIKA
DIRECTOR OF INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT AND PROVISION
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INDONESIA THE UNTOLD STORIES
EDITOR IN CHIEFFreddy H. Tulung
REDACTORDedet Surya Nandika
EDITORRosmiati
WRITERSTeguh Imawan
Akhyari Hananto (GNFI)Dimas Aditya Nugraha
Suminto YuliarsoFarida Dewi Maharani
Riana RiskinandiniNuniek Aprianti Wibowo
Renita SukmaYusri SinambelaTitania Nurrahim
Bayu Dwi PurnomoDadang Sutrisna
Agus Setia Budiawan
SECRETARIATHeryadiNaca
Tri MurwantiSyafaatRokayah
Lucy Tri AmintasariYudi SyahrialHanrosboy
AtikahAida Susilowati
GRAPHIC DESAINERAgus Kustiwa
M SaburDanang Firmansyah
TRANSLATORSErmiel Thabrani
Muhammad Azhar Iskandar ZainalSepta Dewi Anggraeni
Donum TheoFilmon Leonard WarouwPenni Patmawati Rusman
Rina AlexandraSiti Chodijah
SugiartiWilda Stiana
Directorate of Information Management and Provision Directorate General of Information and Public Communication
Ministry of Communication and Information Technology Republic of Indonesia
d i t p p i @ m a i l . k o m i n f o .g o . i d
w w w. k o m i n f o .g o . i d
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TABLE OF CONTENTWORDS OF REMARKS
FOREWORD
46 YEARS TRAVELING AROUND INDONESIA
INDONESIA IS AS LARGE AS EUROPE
THERE ARE 707 LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
5 MOST SPOKEN LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
INDONESIANS FOR MANKIND
RUN ISLAND, MOLUCCAS,
MORE VALUABLE THAN MANHATTAN, NEW YORK
SPICES TO SPICE UP LIVES
MOUNT TAMBORA ERUPTION
THE LAND OF WEDHUS GEMBEL
LIVING HARMONIOUSLY WITH CALAMITY
LAKE TOBA, ONE OF THE WORLD’S TOP TEN DEEPEST LAKE
TROWULAN, TEMPLE OF THE LARGEST KINGDOM IN SOUTH EAST ASIA
PINISI, THE CONQUEROR OF SEVEN OCEANS
A GLIMPSE OF INDONESIAN OVERSEAS
HERBAL INDONESIA
INDONESIAN APHRODISIAC BLEND
LUWAK COFFEE, THE MOST EXPENSIVE COFFEE IN THE WORLD
THE GREEN GOLD OF INDONESIA
GIGANTIC LEAVES
BIODIVERSITY
THE LAST JURASSIC ANIMAL ON EARTH
INDONESIA: THE WORLD’S GREATEST FAUNA HABITAT
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3
5
7
9
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15
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25
27
29
31
33
35
37
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45
47
49
51
52
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INDONESIA’S CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS WORLD PEACE
THE ROLE OF INDONESIA IN INTERNATIONAL FORUM
CHAMPION OF DEMOCRACY
INDONESIA DEMOCRACY INDEX (IDI)
BENGAWAN SOLO, AND TO THE DISTANT THE RIVER FLOWS
ECHOES OF GAMELAN UNDER THE FEET OF EIFFEL TOWER
INDONESIAN TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
PENCAK SILAT FOR THE WORLD
CIMANDE VILLAGE, THE BIRTHPLACE OF FAMOUS PENCAK SILAT
OLD TRADITIONS NEVER FADE AWAY
NELSON MANDELA PROMOTED BATIK IN UNITED NATIONS
KOTEKA AND PAPUA
INDIGENOUS INDONESIAN
QUAKEPROOF TRADITIONAL HOUSES
TRI HITA KARANA, ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION TRADITION
INDONESIA, A NATION OF 1000 TEMPLES
STANDING THROUGH THE TEST OF TIME
TRIBUTES TO THE LATE AND ETERNAL SOULS
INDONESIA CYBER WAVESCAPE
ON-LINE CONTINUOUS CONNECTIVITY
DINAMIKA MEDIA MASSA MUTAKHIR
BANGKA AND BELITUNG’S TIN ON WORLD’S PHONES
INDONESIA: A TREASURE ISLAND
LIST OF ILLUSTRATION SOURCES
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92 frontier small
islands
THE WORLD LARGEST ARCHIPELAGO BETWEEN TWO
CONTINENTS; ASIA AND AUSTRALA
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If we take one day trip on every island, it will take 46 years to end the trip across the archipelago.
The distance between the tip to the top of Indonesia
is longer than the continental US.
46 YEARSTRAVELING AROUND INDONESIA
Inhabited
Uninhabited
islands registered at the United Nations
Total number of islands
Sources: Ministry of Marines Affairs and Fisheries Affairs
87.62%
12.38%13,466
17,480
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INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO :
7.7 MILLION KM2
COASTLINES
95,181 KM
1.9 MILLION KM2 (25%)
LAND AREA
5.8 MILLION KM2 (75%) SEA AREA
BORNEO539,460 KM21
SUMATERA443,066 KM22
JAVA138,794 KM25
10 PROVINCES 119 REGENCIES34 CITIES
6 PROVINCES85 REGENCIES 34 CITIES
5 PROVINCES 47 REGENCIES AND 9 CITIES
NAGARI SIKABU-KABU TANJUANG HARO PADANG PANJANG, IN LIMA PULUH KOTA REGENCY, WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE,is THE LONGEST NAME FOR
ADMINISTRATIVE AREA IN
INDONESIA BANTEN, WEST PAPUA, EAST
BORNEO, NORTH BORNEO AND
NORTH MOLUCCAS are Indonesian provinces THAT
DO NOT MAKE THEIR BIGGEST
CITIES THEIR CAPITAL CITIES
INDONESIA IS AS LARGE AS EUROPEIN
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The archipelago stretches farther than the the continental of US
6 BALI & NUSA TENGGARA
CELEBES180,681 KM24
PAPUA421,981 KM23
3 PROVINCES 37 REGENCIES 4 CITIES
6 PROVINCES 65 REGENCIES 11 CITIES
MOLUCCAS & PAPUA:4 PROVINCES57 REGENCIES6 CITIES
MERAUKE DISTRICT is THE FAR EAST DISTRICT
IN INDONESIA, AND ALSO
THE BIGGEST (45,071
KM2), or more than 14
TIMES LARGER THAN
YOGYAKARTA SPECIAL
DISTRICT’S AREA (3,185,80
KM2)
INDONESIA34 PROVINCES 410 REGENCIES 98 CITIES
Source: Ministry of Home Affairs
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1. Greenland : 2,166,086 km²2. Papua Island (including New Guinea) : 890,000 km²3. Borneo Island (Including Malaysia & Brunei) : 743,330 km²4. Madagascar 587,041 km²5. Baffin Island 507,451 km²
6. Sumatera : 443,065.8 km2
7. Honshu : 230,500 km²8. Great Britain : 218,595 km²9. Victoria Island: 217,291 km²10. Ellesmere Island: 196,235 km2
OF INDONESIA’S MAJOR ISLANDS ARE IN THE TOP TEN LARGEST ISLANDS IN THE WORLD
The world speaks over 7,105
languages and 10% or 707 of
them are spoken in Indonesia. One
single island Papua New Guinea
is home to 836 languages and
dialects. All these come with vast
cultural and ethnic diversity.
THERE ARE 707 LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
languages inthe world
languages in Europe
languages in Indonesia
languages in Asia7,105 2,304
284707
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According to www.internetworldstat.com
Bahasa Indonesia is the
most popular language in cyberspace.
LANGUAGE
CENTERS
Bahasa Indonesia or Indonesian
Language is taught in
“Selamat malam hadirin sekalian, selamat berpisah
dan sampai bertemu lagi di lain waktu (Good night
people, goodbye and until we meet again)” is the voice
of ILYAS HARUN, speaking in Bahasa Indonesia,
taped in a gold record in VOYAGER I spaceship.
The ship was launched by NASA in 1977 and has
now reached the outer border of our solar system.
The record was put in Voyager I spaceship as an
anticipation of alien encounter, if the ship is accidently
caught by extraterestrial beings.
8 MOST
THERE ARE 707 LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
Sources : Summer Institute of Linguistics
International; global.britanica.com
SPOKEN LANGUAGE IN
THE WORLD
BAHASA INDONESIA
IS THE
IN 48 COUNTRIES
SINCE DECEMBER 1997,
BAHASA INDONESIA HAS BECOME THE
IN HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM.
It means that Bahasa Indonesia is equal to
English, French, and Japanese, as prioritised
second languages.
SECOND OFFICIAL LANGUAGE
Right now, there are over than
in Bahasa Indonesia.
IT WILL BE INCREASED BY 5,000
FROM NEW ADOPTED WORDS.
93,000 VOCABULARIES
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BORNEOThe number of dialects is
CELEBESThe number of dialects is
In Sumatera, every 50 Km apart, a different language or dialect is spoken.
In February 20013, Balinese language is added to Google translation feature in addition to the existing Javanese and Bahasa Indonesia
SUMATERAThe number of dialect is
5 MOST SPOKEN LANGUAGES IN INDONESIA
JAVA & BALIThe number of dialects is
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JAVANESE LANGUAGE (75.5 MILLION)
SUNDANESE LANGUAGE (27 MILLION)
MALAY LANGUAGE (20 MILLION)
MADURANESE LANGUAGE (13.6 MILLION)
MINANGKABAU LANGUAGE (6.5 MILLION)
NUSATENGGARA
The number of dialects is
MOLUCCASThe number of dialects is
PAPUAThe number of dialects is
154
Source :
Summer Institute of Linguistics International
MOST SPOKEN DIALECTS
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ETHNIC DIALECTS SPOKEN BY LESS THAN
10 PEOPLE :
• Lengilu• Hoti• Piru• Hukumina• Hulung• Bonerif and• Woria
INDONESIANS FOR MANKIND
Distinguished scholar, scientists and former
President of Indonesia made remarkable
contribution to mankind.
BACHRUDDIN JUSUF HABIBIE
Indonesia’s third President is also a renown aeronautic
engineer who holds 46 global patents.
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“HABIBIE THEOREM”
In the history of aircraft making, until Habibie’s theory of
CRACK PROGRESSION was discovered and published,
it was not exactly known that an aircraft overtime can
produce a metal fatigue which can be fatal if early detection
method was not in place. His theory has made air travel
safer, more efficient and easier to maintain.
His theory also further extend the cruising capacity of
an airline (longer distance), fuel efficiency and carrying
capacity. All this is because his theory improve the aircraft
weight factor. In other words, the weight of an aircraft is
reduced but the carrying capacity and distance coverage is
increased. It makes a lot of economic sense, because less
is more.
VERTICAL PLANE
Habibie was entrusted to design a whole new aircraft alone.
One of his masterpiece is the PROTOTYPE DO-31, a first
propeller plane which is capable of taking off and landing
vertically. This project was developed by HFB and Dornier
industry. The design was later purchased by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration USA (NASA).
WORLD-CLASS CEO
He was the only non German native who sat as
the second in command in the biggest aircraft
manufacturer located in Hamburg, Germany.
A BRAIN BEYOND.
Habibie’s IQ is 200; far more superior than the world
greatest intellects, Albert Einstein who scored 160,
higher than Galleleo (165) or even Sir Isaac Newton
(190).
STANDING BY FOR THE R80 TO FLY
Habibie who is now almost 80 never loses his passion
and drive to invest a better aircraft product. Now, he is
undertaking a project called R80. This aircraft is ideal
to help Indonesia bridge its thousand islands because
it can take off and land at short runways and on short
flights (hoppers). It is expected to begin its maiden
flight in 2016.
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WIWEKO SOEPONO,THE INVENTOR OF TWO CREW
COCKPIT DESIGN
In the past, wide-body commercial aircraft was typically flown
by 3—5 people in the cockpit. It was Wiweko Soepono who
initiated the idea to fly a wide-body airplane with a crew of two in
the cockpit. Mr. Soepono who was also the first Asian to fly over
the Pacific using a single engine plane invented: Forward Facing
Crew Cockpit (FFCC) on Airbus A300-B4. This allows a wide body
aircraft flown by two people instead of commonly by 3-5 people.
SOSROBAHU, TJOKORDA RAKA SUKAWATI’S ROAD CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE
Rotating fly over road construction is a technique invented
by Tjokorda Raka Sukawati and it is called Sosrobahu
method or tehnique. This technique allows traffic underneath
to flow undisturbed thus easing up the road congestion
which otherwise is caused by the construction. Patents have
been registered worldwide.
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THE GUERRILLA WAR STRATEGYOF ABDUL HARIS NASUTION
Abdul Haris Nasution, a 5-star General with years of guerrilla combat experience
against foreign colonialism wrote a fascinating text book on guerrilla warfare and
used as a mandatory learning reference in many of the world’s elite military schools
including the West Point, USA. This book is available in various world’s languages.
KHOIRUL ANWAR’S 4G TECHNOLOGIES
Dr. Eng. Khoirul Anwar is the inventor of and, at the same time, holds the
patent of two FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) technologies used for high-speed
satellite and 4G (Uplink). This method is able to solve the problem of the
future wireless transmission that requires both low energy and high accuracy.
This technology has become the world standard, namely the International
Telecommunication Union Recommendation (ITU-R) No. ITU-R S.1878 and
ITU-R S.2173
Sources : indonesiasetara.org; runway-aviation.com
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RUN ISLANDBANDA ISLAND
NAIRA ISLAND
AI ISLAND
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In late 17th century, a far away little island called Run in Moluccas was heavily disputed by the Dutch and the British; all in the interest of dominating the world’s major spices. The two eventually ceased fighting and signed a treaty and agreed to exchange Manhattan Island in New York (formerly New Amsterdam) with Run
Island, the world’s top nutmeg producer. Nutmeg was then more valuable and much more needed than gold.
RUN ISLAND, MOLUCCAS, MORE VALUABLE THAN
MANHATTAN, NEW YORK
R(H)UN ISLAND is one of the smallest islands of the Banda Islands,
Indonesia. Run Island is LESS THAN TWO MILES LONG
AND THREE QUARTER OF A MILE WIDE.
Source : business.time.com
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Much of Indonesian history recorded
on the global history is founded on
the explorers’ pursuance of exotic
goods and trading materials. The European
fleet of merchant ships went to Indonesia in the
16th century was primarily attracted because
of the abundance of spices particularly in the
tip eastern part of Indonesia. No wonder this
country is called the Spice Islands. These
spices were not just in high demand in Europe,
some of them were even more precious than
gold. Exotic goods from far away islands were
considered perfect gifts for their Majesties,
Kings or Queens of these European Kingdoms.
Famous explorer such as Columbus, Marco
Polo, Magellan and Vasco de Gama were
among thousand of others who journeyed a
world and beyond and set foot on these islands
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Source: business.time.com
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INDONESIA, PARTICULARLY
THE NORTH CELEBES,
MOLUCCAS AND NORTH MOLUCCAS
SUPPLY OVER THREE QUARTER OF THE WORLD’S
NUTMEGS NEEDS.
Columbus believed he had
reached the East Indies
(now Indonesia and
beyond or Nusantara)
which was his
predetermined
destination. He
called the islanders
as INDIOS which
was later more popular
as INDIAN.
MOUNT TAMBORA ERUPTION WAS RECORDED AS THE WORLD’S MOST CATASTROPHIC DISASTER IN MODERN HISTORY
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THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CLASSIFIED THE ERUPTION OF MOUNT TAMBORA AS THE MOST POWERFUL VOLCANIC ERUPTION IN MODERN HISTORY.
AS THE RESULT OF TAMBORA ERUPTION,
THE EARTH WAS COVERED BY DARKNESS,
WHICH INSPIRED THE BIRTH OF LEGENDARY MYSTERY NOVELS SUCH AS ‘DARKNESS’ BY LORD BYRON, ‘THE VAMPYRE’ BY DR. JOHN PALIDORI AND ‘FRANKENSTEIN’ BY MARY SHELLEY.
TAMBORA SPEWED OUT ASH, DUST, AND NO LESS
THAN 400 MILLION TONS OF SULPHURIC GASES
INTO THE AIR, UP TO 27 MILES PERPENDICULAR TO
THE STRATOSPHERE, FAR ABOVE THE CLOUDS.
THE ERUPTION OF TAMBORA IS 10 TIMES MORE
POWERFUL THAN THE ERUPTION OF KRAKATOA, AND
10,000 TIMES MORE POWERFUL THAN THE ERUPTION
OF EYJAFJALLAJÖKULL IN ICELAND IN 2010.
400 MILLION TONS
27 MILES
10.000 X
Sources : nationalgeographic.co.id; Fresh Water Ecology
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YEAR WITHOUT SUMMER, DATES BACK TO 1816—1818, TRIGGERED CROP FAILURES AND DEATHS IN MANY PARTS OF THE
WORLD.
THOMAS JEFFERSON BECAME THE FIRST FORMER US PRESIDENT WHO WAS SENT INTO DEBT DUE TO
CROP FAILURES IN VIRGINIA AS A RESULT OF BIZARRE WEATHER
CAUSED BY MOUNT TAMBORA ERUPTION.
RESULTING IN NAPOLEON’S DEFEAT IN THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO DUE TO EXTREME WEATHER IN 1815.
A 34-YEAR-OLD GERMAN, KARL FREIHERR VON DRAIS, INVENTED DRAISINE, A TWO-WHEELED WOODEN TRANSPORTATION AS A SUBSTITUTE OF HORSE AT THE TIME OF TAMBORA ERUPTION.
THE LAND OF WEDHUS GEMBEL
MOUNT KRAKATOA in 1883. THE
ERUPTION WAS EQUIVALENT TO 13,000
TIMES THE HIROSHIMA ATOMIC BOMB.
MOUNT TAMBORA, West Nusa
Tenggara, in 1815, spewed out 1.7
MILLION TONS OF ASH that covered
the atmosphere as far as Europe
for a long period of time.
THE TWO LARGEST VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS EVER RECORDED IN THE WORLD HISTORY :IN
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WEDHUS GEMBEL
Mount Merapi’s Wedhus Gembel is a hot cloud that could vaporize human body with the burning effect similar to that of
high voltage electric shock or a lightning strike.
Mount Merapi which is still active now often burst its ashes high up in the sky forming a dense cloud resembling the shape of goat or lamb fur. This cloud differs from ordinary cloud. It is very dense and curly and can be seen from miles away.
The Javanese believes that such a great natural power must be named wisely as not to reflect fear.
Sources : indonesia.travel; esdm.go.id
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Indonesia is situated in The Ring of Fire where many active volcanoes are located. Its marine seabeds are
home of the world’s most active tectonic plates and always on a constant collision. They are Euro-Australian, Euro-Asian and Pacific plates.
Indonesian must learnt to adapt, adopt and mitigate with its geographic nature which more often produce more wealth and goodness than disasters if we all know how to live in harmony with our environment.
LIVING HARMONIOUSLY WITH CALAMITY
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Sources :
bappenas.go.id;
nationalgeographic.com;
indonesia.travel;
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Almost all earthquakes including the most
catastrophic ones occur in the span of ring of fire. INDONESIA HAS 129 ACTIVE
VOLCANOES AND THREE MAJOR TECTONIC PLATES COLLISION THAT OCCURS
FREQUENTLY. This creates a constant
phenomenon and trend of tectonic, and seismic
earthquakes.
Everyday, thousands of earthquakes take place
in this archipelago. Fortunately, most of them
scored low on Richter scale because most
occur very deep under the oceans’ beds. Thus,
the effect is less devastating. But when a major
collision occurs in shallow water, a giant tsunami
and aftermath is felt thousands of miles away.
TOTAL AREA OF LAKE TOBA:
1,130 KM²
LAKE TOBA DIMENSION:
100 KM LONG; 35 KM WIDE
DEPTH OF LAKE TOBA:
505 M (RANKED 9TH IN THE WORLD’S DEEPEST LAKE)
SAMOSIR ISLAND ELEVATION:
1,000 M ABOVE SEA LEVEL
SAMOSIR ISLAND SURFACE AREA:
630 KM²
Lake Toba, in which Samosir Island is
located, is THE DEEPEST AND THE BIGGEST VOLCANIC-FORMED LAKE IN THE WORLD. This was actually a caldera from a Super Eruption of an extinct Mount Toba. The uplift magma surfacing from the deep is a volcanic activity that form Samosir island.
ONE OF THE WORLD’S TOP TEN DEEPEST LAKELAKE TOBA,
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There are OVER 1,500 LAKES IN INDONESIA with 840 LARGE ONES AND THE REMAINING SMALL ONES.
Lake Toba is located IN SUMATERA, THE 5TH
LARGEST ISLAND
IN THE WORLD.
LAKE GUNUNG TUJUH IN
JAMBI IS THE HIGHEST LAKE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, LOCATED
AT AN ALTITUDE OF 1,960 MASL.
LAKE MATANO IN SOROWAKO (SOUTH
CELEBES) WITH 600 METERS DEEP IS THE DEEPEST LAKE
IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE 9TH DEEPEST LAKE IN THE WORLD.
LAKE KELIMUTU (FLORES ISLAND, EAST
NUSA TENGGARA,
INDONESIA) CONSISTED
OF THREE COLORED CRATER LAKES NAMELY TIWU ATA POLO, TIWU NUAMURI KOO FAI, AND TIWU ATA MBUPU. EACH OF
THE THREE LAKE HAS DIFFERENT COLOR NAMELY RED, BLUE, AND WHITE.
LAKE KAKABAN IN DERAWAN
ISLAND, EAST BORNEO, IS THE WORLD’S LARGEST JELLYFISH LAKE WHICH COVERS
AN AREA OF 5KM2. THERE ONLY TWO
COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD WHICH HAS
JELLYFISH LAKE, NAMELY PALAU AND INDONESIA.
THERE ARE 7JELLYFISH LAKES IN INDONESIA, NAMELY:1. LAKEKAKABAN, KAKABAN ISLAND OF
THEDERAWAN ISLANDS, EAST BORNEO2. LAKEHAJIBUANG, MARATUA ISLAND, EAST
BORNEO3. JELLYFISH LAKE LOCATED IN
KARAWAPOP, MISOOL ISLANDS, RAJA AMPAT, WEST PAPUA
4. JELLYFISH LAKE LOCATED IN SUMALELEN, MISOOL ISLANDS, RAJA AMPAT, WEST PAPUA
5. JELLYFISH LAKE LOCATED IN BATANPALE, RAJA AMPAT, WEST PAPUA
6. LAKE MARIONA, TOGEAN ISLAND, CENTRAL CELEBES
7. LAKELANDU, EAST NUSA TENGGARA
IN 2007, LAKE PANIAI, PANIAI REGENCY, PAPUA,
WAS RECOGNIZED BY 157 COUNTRIES ATTENDED THE WORLD LAKE CONFERENCE HELD IN INDIA, FOR
ITS BEAUTY. LAKE PANIAI
IS AN ENDEMIC HABITAT OF
PAPUA SHRIMP WHICH IS
KNOWN AS “UDANG SELINGKUH” (OR
LITERALLY TRANSLATES
AS “CHEATING SHRIMP”
OR CHERAX ALBERTISII) -A
SHRIMP WITH BIG CLAWS/
FLOPS SIMILAR TO CRAB-
THE POPULATION OF
THIS CREATURE IS NOW
CONSIDERED ENDANGERED.
LAKE SENTANI, PAPUA, HAS ITS
OWN ENDEMIC SPECIES OF FRESHWATER
SHARK WHICH IS COMMONLY REFERRED TO AS SAW
SHARK OR SENTANI SHARK.
Sources : worldatlas.com; geology.com;
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OVER
REIGNED IN INDONESIA
807kingdoms
MAJAPAHIT• While Italy has Pompeii, Peru has Machu Pichu,
Jordan has Petra, Cambodia has AngkorWat,
Greece has the Acropolis, INDONESIA HAS
TROWULAN; THE RUINS OF THE CAPITAL
CITY OF THE LARGEST KINGDOM IN
SOUTHEAST ASIA, MAJAPAHIT.
• Majapahit was the last Hindu-Buddhist Empire
that ruled the archipelago and became the largest
empire in the history of Indonesia. IT GAINED
POWER OVER JAVA, SUMATRA, MALAY
PENINSULA, BORNEO, TO EAST INDONESIA.
• INDONESIA’S FLAG COLOR RESEMBLED TO
MAJAPAHIT FLAG which is RED OVER WHITE.
• KALI MAJAPAHIT, a newly emerged martial art
popular in the Philippines was actually originated
from Majapahit war troops. Kali Majapahit means
the Kris (dagger-like weapon) of Majapahit. In the
manuscript of Majapahit in Negarakertagama is
called Sundang Majapahit which a form of martial
art using Kris and swords as its lethal weapons.
Source : indonesia.travel
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TROWULAN,TEMPLE OF
THE LARGEST KINGDOM IN SOUTHEAST
ASIA
PINISI,THE CONQUEROR OF SEVEN OCEANSPINISI IS A BUGINESE TRADITIONAL SHIP THAT WAS JOURNEYING THE WORLD’S GREATEST OCEANS SINCE 14TH CENTURY. Pinisi average Death Weight
Tonnage or DWT is between 100 to 200 TONS and is hand built by master craft men
and ship builders using the best available wooden
materials from the islands.
INDONESIA’S OCEAN VOYAGE LEGACY WAS MADE POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF PINISI. It is one among
other prominent signs of a true marine nation.
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Indonesia’s renown marine tribes, THE BUGINESE TRAVELED AS FAR AS
AUSTRALIA IN 17TH CENTURY BEFORE EUROPEAN SET FOOD ON
THIS CONTINENT. A proof of this journey
was well recorded in THE ABORIGINES PAINTING. This painting must be a manifestation
of an important historical event because Aborigines
were land lock not marine tribe.
There is place in CAPE TOWN SOUTH AFRICA CALLED
MACCASSAR (now called
Makassar, the capital city of South
Celebes). This is a landmark and
legacy of Buginese settlement and
voyages.
Source : wikipedia
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We can find Buginese villages almost in all Indonesian
regions. THE SPREADING OF BUGINESE OCEANIC VOYAGES HAD REACHED
ASIA PACIFIC AND BEYOND.
1 OUT OF 20 PEOPLE IN THE WORLD IS INDONESIAN AND THEY ARE EVERYWHERE.
No less than 8 MILLION Indonesian Overseas spread all over the world. This number is equal to the population of Sweden and Austria or even twice of Singapore’s population.
Indonesian overseas annually contributes to Indonesian foreign exchange up to US$ 7BILLION, OR NEARLY RP.70TRILLION. This amount is almost equal to the annual allocation for special autonomy fund in 2012 State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) which transferred by central government to local governments. There are currently 56 INDONESIAN OVERSEASNETWORK (IDN) BRANCHES IN 26 COUNTRIES.
A GLIMPSE OF INDONESIAN OVERSEASIN
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THE AVERAGE INCOME of Indonesian citizen in the The United States is HIGHER than an average The United States citizen.
SURINAME
DURING 1890-1939 OVER 30 THOUSANDS FORCE LABORS WERE BROUGHT TO SURINAME FROM JAVA BY THE DUTCH to work on sugar cane plantation. They have since blended with local natives and form a mixed culture of Javanese and Surinamese.
TODAY, A CLEAR SIGNS AND LEGACY OF JAVANESE ARE EMBEDDED IN VARIOUS LANDMARKS OF THE COUNTRY. Many places have been named in Javanese meanings and language. This is most eminent in the names of Surinamese people who are natively Javanese
Sources : setkab.go.id; indonesiadiaspora.com.au;
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Javanese people in
Suriname are STILL USING JAVANESE LANGUAGE for naming a person or a village.
KAWANUA is Minahasa people who do not live in the land of Minahasa. Kawanua in Minahasa language is often interpreted as inhabitants of the land or the united
Wanuas or “MINAESA” (MINAHASA PEOPLE)
INDONESIAN HERBS IN
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INDONESIA HAS THE 2ND LARGEST BIODIVERSITY IN THE
WORLD AFTER BRAZIL. 75% OF ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES
CAN BE FOUND IN INDONESIA.
THE FACULTY OF PHARMACY OF UNIVERSITY OF GAJAH MADA
IN YOGYAKARTA IS THE ONLY UNIVERSITY IN INDONESIA THAT
TEACHES HERBAL PHARMACY
940 species have been identified
7,500 are medicine plants
283 species have been registered as jamu
(traditional medicine) at Indonesian National Agency of Drug and
Food Control (BPOM)1,845 species have been inventoried
2012 US$ 1.1 BILLIONS
2015(DOMESTIC MARKET) US$ 1.8 BILLIONS
2015(FOREIGN MARKET) US$ 1.5 BILLIONS
40,000plant species
90,000 plant species have been used as herbal
medicine.
Indonesia has been voiced by APEC ECONOMIES as THE CENTER FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
AND HERBAL DEVELOPMENT
Sources : Research and Development Ministry of Agriculture; National Agency of Drug and Food Control; Ministry of Health.
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HERBAL MEDICINES
MARKET
TANGKUR BUAYA, MAKES YOU
AS STRONG AS A CROCODILE
Tangkur Buaya or Croc’s genital is a rare commodity and
must not be harvested from wild crocodile. This is men’s
supplement for an increased love appetites.
Countless herbal plants and spices grow in these lush tropical islands. any are known to be aphrodisiac.
PURWOCENG,
JAVANESE APHRODISIAC
Grows in high altitude of Dieng plateau. It warms the
human body and helps blood circulation thus improving
reproduction system and libido.
INDONESIAN APHRODISIAC BLENDIN
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PASAK BUMI,
INDONESIAN FOREST APHRODISIAC
Pasak Bumi or loosely translated as earth pillar is an
earth Aphrodisiac growing over 30 feet underground.
The herbal is best consumed with tea, ginger and a
twist of lemon.
MADURESE HERBAL BLEND,
NEXT ROUND COMES AROUND
Madura, an island off Surabaya coast is well known for its
herbal aphrodisiac. A blend of ginger, tumeric, eggs, honey
and fish oil is a natural way of maintaining healthy vitality
and love scent.
Sources : Research and Development Ministry of Agriculture; National Agency of Drug and Food Control; Ministry of Health.
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This coffee costs US$ 160/pound. You must be wondering how it tastes.
Luwak coffee is natural coffee beans blended in the stomach of a Civet (mongoose family). These beans can only be found in the faeces of these animals.
It was told that during the early colonial plantation region of Indonesia, the plantation workers were only allowed to drink these Luwak coffee. Only recently, the world’s coffee connoisseur realized that this coffee is exotic and has a special taste found in no other coffee beans families.
LUWAK COFFEE, THE MOST EXPENSIVE COFFEE IN THE WORLD
35
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2.000.000coffee stakeholder
1.300.000 hectaresof coffee plantation
1,6 billionsis Indonesian coffee export value
350,000 p/a Export is
Indonesian coffee export volume.
robusta coffee (85%) and arabica (15%)4th largest in the world after Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia.
50 export destination countries of
Indonesian coffee with USA, Japan, Germany, Italy, and United Kingdom as the main destinations.
950 gr/capitalocal consumption
750.000 tonsThe amount of coffee
production in Indonesia
96% of coffee plantation in Indonesia are individually owned by local
farmers, the other 4% belongs to private plantations and government (PTP
Nusantara)
Indonesia is thePRIVATE
PLANTATIONS AND GOVERNMENT
PEOPLE’S PLANTATION
4th largest coffee producing
country in the world.
Sources : therichest.com; aeki-aice.org
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PATCHOULI
SUGAR-
CANE
PALM TREECOCONUT
CACAO
COFFEE
JATROPHA CURCAS
CLOVE
SUNAN PECAN
RUBBER
PEPPER
TEA
15 PRIMARY PLANTATIONS IN INDONESIA
COTTON
TOBACCO
CASHEW
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THE GREEN GOLD OF INDONESIA
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PALM TREE
INDONESIA IS THE LARGEST PALM
OIL PRODUCER IN THE WORLD. In
Indonesia, the spreads are in the region
of Aceh, the east coast of Sumatra, Java,
and Celebes.
STATE FOREIGN EXCHANGE FROM
THE EXPORT OF CRUDE PALM OIL
(CPO) IS 13.5 TRILLION RUPIAH
RUBBER
Indonesian rubber production is almost
100% in the form of semi-finished
upstream industry products: Ribbed
Smoke Sheet, Standard Indonesian
Rubber, Unsmoked Sheet, and
Concentrated Latex. While for downstream
production, Indonesia still has very limited
number of producers, including PT Industri
Karet Nusantara which is a subsidiary
of PT Perkebunan Nusantara III Medan,
North Sumatra.
A total of 95% cacao plantations owned
by individual farmers covering about 1.7
MILLION FARMERS in Indonesia
FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTRIBUTED
REACHED US$ 1.05 BILLION IN 2012
The total of national production of cacao
beans in 2012 REACHED 712,000 TONS
Indonesia is the world’s
LARGEST PRODUCING
COUNTRY of natural rubber after
Thailand
Indonesian natural rubber production in
2012 reached
3.27 MILLION TONS
Indonesia controls ±27% - and
Thailand ±30% - of the world’s
demand of natural rubber.
CACAO
Indonesia is 18% cacao producer
in the world which is number 3 after
Ivory Coast and Ghana
95% of cacao plantation is owned and
harvested by 1.7 MILLION local farmers.
This resonates a significant livelihood for
smallholders.
Source: Ministry of Agriculture
2ND
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THE SANG LEAVES (JOHANNESTIJSMANIA ALTIFRONS) belongs to the the palm family
(Arecaceae). Indonesia’s diversity of palm ranks first
in the world which reached 477 SPECIES, 225 SPECIES OF WHICH ARE ENDEMIC.
GIGANTIC LEAVES
6 M
1,7 M
Sources : www.goodnewsfromindonesia.com
www.pacsoa.org.au
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IN LANGKAT district of NORTH SUMATRA particularly in the mountain scape of LEUSER, you will find A PALM LEAF LIKE MEASURING UP TO 4 TIMES THE HEIGHTS OF AN ADULT HUMAN. The locals call it DAUN SANG OR JOEY PALM. This one is the DIAMOND OF JOEY PALM and endemic to this habitat. These leaves are a common BUILDING MATERIALS in these areas.
60% of the world’s rattan species can be found in Indonesia.
350 OF 600 SPECIES OF THE WORLD’S RATTAN grow in
Indonesia’s tropical rain forest habitat.
BIODIVERSITY
INDONESIA HAS THE LARGEST RAINFOREST
IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. The total
area of tropical forest in Indonesia
REACHED 98.56 MILLION HECTARES or 52.4% of the
total land in Indonesia.
Indonesia ranks 8th
out of 10 countries
with THE LARGEST
NATURAL FOREST
AREA IN THE WORLD
INDONESIA IS A COUNTRY WITH THE
SECOND LARGEST BIODIVERSITY IN THE
WORLD, REACHING 20,000 SPECIES, 40%
are endemic or native plants in
Indonesia.
THE WORLD’S SMALLEST ORCHID• Orchids (Orchidaceae) reached 6,000
SPECIES OF ORCHIDS
• The Indonesian Scientific Institution (LIPI)
duirng the period of 2009-2013 found 9
NEW ENDEMIC species of ORCHIDS.
• Oberonia sp, THE SMALLEST ORCHID IN
THE WORLD, native to Mentawai Islands,
West Sumatra and SUGARCANE ORCHID
(GRAMMATOPHYLLUM SPECIOSUM)
SPREAD across the islands of Sumatra,
Borneo, Java, Celebes, Moluccas, and
Papua.
RAFFLESIA,
THE WORLD’S LARGEST FLOWER From 32 species of Rafflesia in Southeast
Asia, 17 can be found in Indonesia.
RAFFLESIA ARNOLDI IS THE
LARGEST FLOWER IN THE WORLD
with ALMOST 1 METER IN DIAMETER
AND WEIGHING UP TO 11 KG,
endemic in Bengkulu, Indonesia.
Indonesia has the most diversed species of
Meranti or shorea Dipterocarpus in the world,
with more than 400 species.
35060%
40%Sources: Indonesia Forest Statistics 2011, Ministry of Forestry; lartas-kemendag.net;
www.panda.org; ditjenbun.deptan.go.id; blog.sivitas.lipi.go.id; fwi.or.id; uplmps.unsoed.ac.id;
SPECIES
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THE LAST JURASSIC ANIMAL ON EARTH
Sumber :
menlh.go.id
nationalgeographic.com
world.new7wonders.com
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Komodo is the last Jurassic animal on earth. IT SURVIVE OVER 36 CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE LAST 200 MILLION YEARS. This giant monitor
lizard is ONLY FOUND IN KOMODO ISLANDS is also known as the
LARGEST CRAWLING DRAGON EVER KNOWN to mankind.
KOMODO,THIS LIZARD IS BELIEVED TO BE THE ONLY THE PRE-HISTORIC DINOSAUR THAT - SURVIVED UP TO THIS MOMENT. Local people
living near Komodo Island, its habitat, called this giant animal as
ORA.
Komodo has an average length of 2-3 meters. THE LARGEST KOMODO EVER EXISTED WAS 3.13 METERS LONG AND 166 KILOGRAMS WEIGH.
In 1986, KOMODO NATIONAL PARK WAS AWARDED AS UNESCO’S WORLD HERITAGE SITE
KOMODO NATIONAL PARK
KOMODO IS ONE OF THE WORLD NEW NATURAL SEVEN WONDERS.
KOMODO ISLAND IS PART OF THE KOMODO NATIONAL PARK WHICH COVERS THE AREA OF 173 THOUSAND HECTARES. The largest part of the Komodo National Park is marine. The sea
floor of Komodo National Park’s marine water is the best diving
sites in the world.
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LEATHERBACK SEA TURTLE (DERMOCHELYS CORIACEA)
• The few last remaining marine creature from the time
of dinosaur roamed the earth. This species spawn in
Indonesian waters and journey around the world from
Papua to African peninsula.
• Leatherback Sea Turtle body weight can reach 900 kg with
a body length of about one and a half to two meters.
• Habitat: tropical waters to sub-polar regions and regularly
spawn on beaches in tropical regions.
• There are very few places in the world they choose to
spawn. One of their spawning grounds is in the Jamursba
Medi Beach and Warmon Beach located in the North
of West papua Province’s Bird’s Head, Abun District,
Tambarauw Regency.
TRENGGILING OR PANGOLIN
• Has been existed since the
Oligocene and Miocene
era, about 33 million to 23
million years ago.
• Habitat: tropical rainforest
in the lowlands. Trenggiling
can be found in Southeast
Asia. The Trenggiling found
Indonesia is known as
Trenggiling Java (Manis
javanica) and can be found
in the mountainous regions
of Sumatra, Borneo, Java,
and Bali.
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Sources : www.iucnredlist.org; www.bk.menlh.go.id; www.penyu.org; www.seaturtle.org
COELACANTH FISH (IKAN RAJA LAUT – NORTH
CELEBES)• Coelacanth fish is estimated to have existed
since the Devonian era of about 380 million
years ago.
• This fish is believed to have gone extinct since
the end of the Cretaceous period 65 million
years ago, but was rediscovered in the waters
of North Celebes in 2007.
• In Indonesia, ancient Coelacanth fish can be
found in the waters of Talise, North Minahasa
and Malalayang waters, the Bay of Manado,
North Celebes.
AROWANA FISH• This fish has existed on earth
since 220 million years ago.
This fish can be found in the
Amazon, in some parts of
Africa, Asia, and Australia.
Arowana Fish (Scleropagus
sp.) can be found in the
freshwater area in Indonesia,
especially in upper Kapuas
River and Lake Sentarum in
West Borneo. This fish thrives
in the peat primitive forest
water ecosystem.
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Sources : www.wwf.or.id; www.bk.menlh.go.id
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TARSIUS PRIMATE (TARSIUS PUMILUS OR PYGMY TARSIER)
This is THE SMALLEST PRIMATE IN THE WORLD
and is only a PALM SIZE OF A MAN.
SUN BEAR (HELARCTOS MALAYANUS)
This is THE SMALLEST BEAR IN THE WORLD, endemic to
Borneo. This bear is HALF THE SIZE of a grown adult.
INDONESIA: THE WORLD’S GREATEST FAUNA HABITAT
Sources: www.indonesia.travel; www.bk.menlh.go.id
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• Bird species in Indonesia IS THE FOURTH MOST POPULOUS IN THE WORLD.
• From the 1,598 SPECIES OF BIRDS in INDONESIA, 381 SPECIES ARE ENDEMIC.
• BIRD OF PARADISE (Paradisea
Rubra, Paradigalla Carunculata,
Dyphilodes Respublica) is the prettiest
and most beautiful birds in the world
because of THE STRIKING FEATHER COLOR.
• Endemic in the Bird’s Head region
(Arfak Mountains) and THE WEST JAYAWIJAYA MOUNTAINS in Papua.
• THE SMALLEST COCKATOO is THE PYGMY PARROT with a length of ABOUT 8 CM and lives in Papua and
surrounding islands.
• INDONESIA is ranked first IN THE WORLD FOR THE LARGEST NUMBER OF SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLIES SPECIES.
• A TOTAL OF 121 SPECIES FOUND IN INDONESIA and 44% OF THEM ARE ENDEMIC.
• THE SECOND LARGEST BUTTERFLIES IN THE WORLD, THE GIANT BUTTERFLY (ORNITHOPTERA GOLIATH) which lives in the forests
of Papua MEASURING ABOUT 13 TO 15 CENTIMETERS.
JAVAN RHINOCEROS (RHINOCEROS SONDAICUS)• TOTAL POPULATION OF NO MORE THAN 50 ANIMALS in
Ujung Kulon National Park on the most western tip of Java.
• INCLUDED IN THE RED LIST OF THE IUCN WORLD CONSERVATION AGENCY, which is in the category of critically
endangered.
Sources: menlh.go.id; nationalgeographics.com, world.new7wonders.com, Ministry of Forestry
INDONESIA’S CONTRIBUTION
TOWARDS WORLD PEACE
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THE CURRENT PRESIDENT (2009-2014) SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO, was a Brigadier General commanding a UN Chief Military post (UNPF) during peace mission in Bosnia in 1995
SINCE 1957, a total of Indonesian United Nations troops participating in peace missions in a number of countries
reached 24,284 PERSONNEL.
Indonesia ranks 15 OUT OF 177 countries which are the most frequent to send world peacekeeping force.
Indonesia peace-keeping forces named Garuda has been deployed on UN sanctioned war areas as
many as 79 TIMES.
Sources:presidenri.go.id, un.org, dpd.go.id,
republika; voi.co.id, Ministry of Foreign Affairs
MEGAWATI SOEKARNO PUTRI
The fifth President of Indonesia, Megawati Soekarno Putri, has
been named as The 8th Most Powerful Woman
from 100 women leaders in the world by the
International Business Magazine, Forbes,
During his presidency, his cabinet secured a lasting peace with the country’s prolonged disputes with
Aceh.
SOEHARTO
Under his reign, Soeharto promoted
the most diligent national movement
called P-4. This basically a translation and transformation of the nation’s character building to maintain peace and harmony
among all Indonesian and inter-faith populations.
ABDURRAHMANWAHID
Indonesia’s fourth president, Abdurrahman Wahid, who was often
called Gus Dur, received the World Peace Prize
Award from a non-profit institution of World Peace Prize Awarding Council
(WPPAC), which is based in the United States and South Korea. Gus Dur
was assessed for always bringing a message of
peace between religious communities, playing an active role in the
campaign for pluralism, anti-terrorism and the
protection of the rights of minority groups.
SOEKARNO
The first President of Indonesia with the world’s
developing countries led the formation of
Asia Africa Non-Aligned Movement and its ten
principles. The first congress took place in Bandung in 1955. This congregation led to the basic peaceful
coexistence among all its members. IN
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THE ROLE OF INDONESIA IN INTERNATIONAL FORUM
Indonesia participates in regional and international forum
such as ASEAN, UN, G-20, APEC, ASEM,
OIC AS WELL AS WTO.
The AAC or Bandung Conference in 1955, was intended to inspire Asian and African nations to
liberate the states from colonialism.
THE AAC WAS ATTENDED BY 29 ASIAN AND AFRICAN COUNTRIES COUNTED FOR HALF THE WORLD
POPULATION AT THAT TIME.
Indonesia is highly respected by member
countries of OIC (ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION). Indonesia
is considered AS A ROLE MODEL, and bridge builder between the West and
Islam world. In addition, Indonesia is also a
good role model in REPRESENTING HARMONY OF ISLAM,
MODERNITY AND DEMOCRACY.
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Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. His speech during Asian-African
Conference (AAC) in 1955:
BANDUNG WOULD ALWAYS BE THE CAPITAL OF ASIAN
AFRICAN STATES
THE ROLE OF INDONESIA IN INTERNATIONAL FORUM Indonesia is among the founding
member states of ASEAN and is now cochairing the New African Strategic Partnership
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) was first initiated in Blake Island, Seattle USA in 1993. It began a few years earlier as a forum of Economic Ministerial Meeting among the 12 initial APEC Economies. In 1994, in Bogor the leaders agreed to pursue what is then known as Bogor Goals aimed at Free Trade and Open Economy by 2010 for developed Economies and 2020 for developing Economies. Currently APEC has 21 Economies as its members spanning from Papua New Guinea to Peru on the other side of the planet.
Sources: apec.org; Ministry of Home Affairs;General Election Comission; undp.or.id; menegpp.go.id.
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In the early reformation
era of 1999,( the milestone of Indonesian democracy) , the number of political party
participated in the election was 48
THE AVERAGE OF ELECTION IN
INDONESIA, is held in every
DAYS DURING THE WHOLE YEAR, including legislative and presidential elections, as well as regional and local elections for governors, mayor, and regents.
5
IN 2012
local elections were held
PARTIES
7548
IN 2013
local elections were held
148IN 2011
local elections were held
87
CHAMPION OF DEMOCRACY
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IDI REFERS TO NUMERICAL FIGURES INDICATING LEVEL OF DEMOCRACY DEVELOPMENT in all provinces in Indonesia BASED ON CERTAIN ASPECTS OF DEMOCRACY, NAMELY CIVIL LIBERTY, POLITICAL RIGHTS, AND INSTITUTIONS OF DEMOCRACY. IDI is a joint cooperation between Indonesian National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas), Coordinating Ministry of
Politics, Law and Security (Kemenkopolhukam), Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Ministry of Home Affairs, UNDP, Australian
AID, and also provincial stakeholders including Provincial Governments, Academicians, Media and NGOs
INDONESIA DEMOCRACY INDEX (IDI)
INDONESIA
6.76
MALAYSIA
6.41
THAILAND
6.55
According to the Economist Intelligence UnitDEMOCRACY INDEX 2012
A directive for gender congressional participation of 30% was established in 2004, giving women more
opportunities and empowerment to lead the nation together with their fellow Indonesians. SINCE THEN THE ADMISSION OF WOMEN IN THE PARLIAMENT HAS DOUBLED IN THREE ELECTION PERIODS (2004-2009, 2009-2014 AND BEYOND)
30%
Democratization process is also measured by the FREEDOM OF PRESS. Indonesian
press enjoyed this freedom even more than their colleagues in many developed countries including the US, Europe including Scandinavian countries
and Japan.
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THIS SONG IS A MANIFESTATION OF A GREAT RIVER IN JAVA CALLED BENGAWAN SOLO STRETCHES OVER 540 KM THROUGH MAJOR PULSE OF JAVA.
SINGERS AROUND THE WORLD WHO MADE A COVER OF GESANG’S BENGAWAN SOLO ARE AS FOLLOWS: TOSHI MATSUDA (JAPAN), WALDJINAH (INDONESIA), ANNEKE GRONLOH (DUTCH-INDONESIAN), REBECCA PAN (PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA), FRANCES YIP (PRC), P. RAMLEEDAN SALOMA (MALAYSIA), MAYA GOLOVNYA (SOVIET UNION), VIOLETTA VILLAS (POLAND).
THE SONG HAS BEEN TRANSLATED IN 13 LANGUAGES including English, Mandarin, Russian, Japanese and many more. It has been sung by many world renown singers.
THE SONG OF BENGAWAN SOLO WAS
WRITTEN IN 1940 BY GESANG MARTOHARTONO IN
CENTRAL JAVA.
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BENGAWAN SOLO WAS AND STILL IS A FAMOUS SONG CREATED BY GESANG MARTOHARTONO OF CENTRAL JAVA. THE JAPANESE AND THE POLLACK USED THESE SONGS TO AMPLIFY SENSES OF PATRIOTISM. EMPEROR HIROHITO AWARDED A SPECIAL RECOGNITION FOR THIS SONG AND ITS AUTHOR.
BENGAWAN SOLO, AND TO THE DISTANT THE RIVER FLOWS
The river of Bengawan Solo, which inspired Gesang, is THE LONGEST RIVER ON JAVA ISLAND WITH 543,8 KM LENGTH with two headwaters from South Hills, Wonogiri and Ponorogo and ends as creek in
Gresik.
“BENGAWAN” IN JAVANESE MEANS “THE GREAT RIVER”.
The river and its water system was formed about 4 million years ago.
Sources : music.columbia.edu, wikipedia, tokohindonesia.com
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Sources :guinessworldrecord.com
muri.org
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GAMELAN IS INCLUDED IN THE
CURRICULUM AT SEVERAL SCHOOLS
IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA AND JAPAN.
MOREOVER, IT HAS BECOME A FIXED
CURRICULUM AT NEW ZEALAND SCHOOL
OF MUSIC (NZSM).
WORLD’S FIRST GAMELAN FESTIVAL WAS
HELD IN 1986 IN CANADA.
ECHOES OF GAMELAN UNDER THE FEET OF EIFFEL TOWER
IN 1889, JAVANESE AND SUNDANESE GAMELANS WERE PART OF THE
INAUGURATION OF THE EIFFEL TOWER IN PARIS and had influenced the work of a
famous french composer, Claude Debussy (1862-1918), whose later made a breakthrough in
western classical music
MUSIC COMPOSER FOR BOX OFFICE MOVIE
“LIFE OF PI”, MYCHAEL DANNA, INSERTED
THE SOUNDS OF BALINESE GAMELAN AS
ITS MOVIE SOUNDTRACK.
KARINDING – WEST JAVA
Kariding musical instrument
IS MADE OF WOOD AND
PALM FROND LEAF. IT IS
A PEN SIZE INSTRUMENT
PLAYED BY BLOWING ITS
TUBE AND MOVEMENT OF
FINGERS
Karinding was initially
USED BY SUNDANESE
ANCESTORS TO DRIVE
AWAY PEST AT PADDY
FIELDS, OR IN THE
TRADITIONAL RITUALS OR
CULTURAL CEREMONIES.
MURI RECORDED a national
record of playing Karinding by
515 people in Sumedang.
INDONESIAN TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
ANGKLUNG – WEST JAVA
Angklung has been registered
as Masterpiece of Oral and
Intangible Heritage of Humanity
by UNESCO since November
2010.
GUINNESS BOOK OF
RECORDS recorded THE
LARGEST ANGKLUNG
ENSEMBLE CONSISTED
OF 5,182 PARTICIPANTS IN
WASHINGTON DC.
Participants were orchestrated
by Indonesian angklung
maestro, Mang Udjo.
A.S.A.P. DRAGON FLY is
a rock band that plays rock-
angklung (rocklung) and has
been performing around the
world, such as in Tong Tong
Festival XII in Den Haag, The
Netherlands, Germany, Turkey,
China, Shanghai, Egypt and
Malaysia.
KOLINTANG – MINAHASA
The biggest Kolintang WAS RECORDED IN THE
GUINNESS BOOK OF RECORDS IN OCTOBER
31ST 2009. It was made of a single compact car size wood
of Cempaka tree.
THIS INSTRUMENT ALONG WITH BAMBOO MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS also held
a record of MASSIVE MUSICAL ORCHESTRA
PARTICIPATED BY OVER 1200 PEOPLE IN TONDANO, NORTH CELEBES IN 2009.
SASANDO – EAST NUSA TENGGARA
Sasando is a traditional musical instrument that
combines THREE TYPES OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS,
NAMELY HARP, PIANO AND GUITAR; three MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS IN ONE
RHYTHM SECTION
YAKKUB BULLAN once played Sasando in Indonesian
Cultural Night in Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes and
Instituto Superior de Artes Havana, Cuba.
SASANDO HAS BEEN REGISTERED TO THE
UNESCO FOR INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE ,
pending the announcement.
Sources : muri.org; guinessworldrecord.com
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PENCAK SILAT FOR THE WORLD
A genuine and native Indonesian martial art called Pencak Silat was first introduced by King Erlangga of Sidoarjo, East
Java in the early years of the first millennium. This self defense system was initially used to exhibit power and defend
territory from enemy invasion
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During the era of kingdoms on Java,
Sumatera, BORNEO, CELEBES up
to Malay Peninsula, people created
various moves adapted from local animal
behaviours in the environment.
Those kingdoms were as follows: Kutai,
Tarumanegara, Mataram, Kediri, Singasari,
Sriwijaya, Majapahit
During colonial era, Pencak Silat was
instrumental in combating foreign forces in
Indonesia. One remarkable incident was the
heroic battle of Surabaya in November 1945
Today, Pencak Silat us taught in Indonesian
Military Academy as well as many schools of
Martial Arts in the world
Source: wikipedia
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CIMANDE VILLAGE, THE BIRTHPLACE OF FAMOUS PENCAK SILAT
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PENCAK SILAT CIMANDE IS ALSO KNOWN TO CURE BONE FRACTURES
AND DEFORMATION.
Pencak Silat is NOW
ORGANIZED WORLDWIDE
under PENCAK SILAT
FEDERATION, and at
the moment it members
40 COUNTRIES. This
federation is centered towards
INDONESIA’S PENCAK
SILAT LEARNING INSTITUTE
CALLED PADEPOKAN located
in Indonesia Miniature Garden in
Jakarta.
THE FIRST PENCAK SILAT
WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP
WAS HELD IN VIENNA,
AUSTRIA IN 1986.
THE MOVIE “THE RAID” won
various international film festivals
and subsequently put Pencak
Silat on the world stage. There
are now at least 600 styles
and moves of pencak silat in
Indonesia alone.
Influenced by local cultures,
pencak silat is also dominant in
religious nuance.Sources : tiff.net; Research and Development Ministry of Health
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Stone jumping tradition in Nias island, North Sumatera, popularly known as HOMBO BATU OR FAHOMBO, has existed for centuries amongst megalith cultures on an island with 700,000 population, of 5,625 KM2 and surrounded by Indian Ocean.
Pile of rocks that must be jumped over is 2 METERS HIGH, 90 CM WIDE AND 60 CM LONG. The top rock may not be touched and perfect landing must be performed, otherwise the risk of broken bones or muscular injuries is unavoidable.
OLD TRADITIONS NEVER FADE AWAY
OLYMPICS
Man On the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta, Charles Austin from USA jumped as high as 2,39 meters
Woman On the 2004 Olympics in Athens, Slesarenko Yelena from Russia jumped as high as 2,06 meters
NATIONAL
Man On the 2012 National Games (PON) in Pekanbaru, Riau, Andre Dermawan jumped as high as 2.15 meters
Woman On the 2012 National Games (PON) in Pekanbaru, Riau, Andre Dermawan jumped as high as 2.15 meters
NIAS ISLAND
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REOG is one of Indonesia’s numerous well-preserved traditional dances. It originates from PONOROGO, a city on northwest East Java. Thus the dance inherits its famous name; Reog
Ponorogo. The dancer is believed to obtain power from mystical or supernatural realm.
The male dancer wears a crowned lion mask made from peacock feathers. HE HOLDS THIS 60 KG MASK WITH
HIS TEETH. He gains this powerful strength from an in-depth spiritual exercises including fasting and meditation.
Sources : indonesia.travel; olympic.org
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NELSON MANDELA PROMOTED BATIK IN UNITED NATIONS
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A batik designer, NUSJIRWAN TIRTAAMIDJAJA, or known as IWAN TIRTA introduced Indonesia’s batik to the
world. His batik was first WORN BY THE WORLD LEADERS DURING APEC SUMMIT IN BOGOR, INDONESIA IN 1994.
Nelson Mandela ALWAYS WORE BATIK IN MANY DIGNIFIED AND MAJESTIC FORA INCLUDING IN THE UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND DURING A VISIT TO THE BUCKINGHAM PALACE.
WOVEN FABRICThe world famous designer house Gucci
used Indonesian woven fabric as material for their fashion line. International markets
have acknowledged the quality of Indonesian woven fabric. The fabric is considered
valuable due to its handcrafting process. Hence an international brand like Gucci
agreed to collaborate with Indonesian weaver.
The woven fabric were presented on international designer runways from Milan, Paris and now in London. In 2010 Fashion
Week Spring, Frida Gianini from Gucci exhibited a cocktail fashion collection with
tribal style theme using ikat; a traditional woven fabric pattern from Sumbawa,
Indonesia.
• Sumbawa Weaving from Sumbawa
WEAVING ORIGIN :
• East Nusa Tenggara Weaving from Timor
• Troso Weaving from Jepara
• Lombok Weaving from Lombok
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PUNCAK JAYAWIJAYA IS ONE OF THE WORLD’S SEVEN SUMMITS WITH THE HIGHEST PEAK OF AN ISLAND. It is also called by
many other names such as: Mount Carstensz, Carstensz Pyramide or
Carstensz Topenz. The native has its own names like Nemangkawi according
to Amunkal Tribe, Ngga Pulu and Mount Sukarno. Puncak Jaya, which is
located on equatorial region, has stable climate with the average 0.5 degree
Celsius temperature fluctuation per year.
PAPUA IS THE FOURTH HIGHEST TERRAIN AND THE LARGEST ISLAND IN THE WORLD. Its climate
and topography provide diversities in
ecosystem. THE ISLAND HAS COMPLETE ECOSYSTEM
such as snow, tundra, savannah,
mountains, rain forest valley, mangrove, wet
land, lake, river, sea grass and tropical coral
reef, home to the most diversed sea species
in the world.
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KOTEKA is traditional male covering used in native Papua cultures. IT IS MADE FROM MARROW OUTER SKIN. Koteka is made by taking out marrow’s
flesh and seed and drying the outer skin under sun. Literally, the word koteka means
“clothes” and is derived from a language of one of the ethnics in Paniai. SOME PAPUA HIGHLAND ETHNICITIES CALL IT HOLIM OR
HORIM.
BAJOE TRIBE is also
called SEA NOMADS who refuse to live on land. They
are nomadic and live on boats
journeying from coast to coast.
They originate in South East
Celebes and voyaged as far as the
Philippines.
THE BADUI AND ARABIC BADAWI which
is world apart refuse to adopt
modern living. They both are
custodians of their pristine habitat.
Much like the Amish in USA.
TENGGER TRIBE is a
native community who inhabits
Mount Bromo plateau; an active
volcanic mountain ridge in Bromo
Tengger Semeru National Park,
East Java. TENGGER PEOPLE ARE FAITHFUL HINDUS
but unlike Balinese Hindus, the
Tengger people do not worship
their Hindu religion in temples or
religious domes. They believe that
they are the last pure descendants
of Majapahit Empire.
DANI is one of the tribes living
in Papua Island. The community
settles at Grand Baliem Valley
in Wamena, Papua. THE VALLEY IS FAMOUS FOR ITS ANNUAL FESTIVAL, KNOWN AS THE BALIEM VALLEY FESTIVAL ON AUGUST. THE THREE-DAY FESTIVAL SHOWS THE RE-ENACTMENT OF WAR BETWEEN DANI, LANI AND YALI TRIBE SYMBOLLING FERTILITY AND PROSPERITY. The Danis
live in a traditional house called Honai
and had a unique feast named Bakar
Batu (Burning Stone) where meals
are roasted within special burned
stones. This feast can also be found
throughout Papua.
INDIGENOUS INDONESIAN
Sources : indonesia.travel; Ministry of Home Affairs
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GADANG TRADITIONAL HOUSE: MINANGKABAU, WEST SUMATERA
The traditional Minangkabau house is proven to have the flexibility and sturdiness to withstand tremors beyond 8 Richter Scale.
It uses no nails to bind each section but a carved joint to glue it together. During the horrific earthquake on 30 September 2009,
these houses remained standing and intact.
Sources : theinternationaljournal.org, parisada.org, indonesia.travel, Moluccas Cultural Foundation
QUAKEPROOFTRADITIONAL HOUSES
Traditional houses in Indonesia
are not only beautifully designed
but also quakeproof.
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WOLOAN TRADITIONAL STILTS HOUSE, TOMOHON, NORTH CELEBES
The stilts house is constructed from selected woods like ironwood
(Eusideroxylon zwageri) and Magnolia wood. The wood structure
is well known for its durability during earthquake. Since 90’s
era, Woloan Stilts House is exported to overseas such as Latin
America countries, Asia and even Europe.
JOGLO TRADITIONAL HOUSE, YOGYAKARTA
The house has its own uniqueness on the solid arch roof
construction. Each room has its own individual roof. It has
four main pillars to support the main structure and hold the
roof. Joglo structure is made from wood logs frame which is
assembled like a tent.
LAHEIK TRADITIONAL HOUSE, KERINCI, RIAU
Laheik or Larik in Bahasa Indonesia means lines. The house
is constructed from logs which are assembled using pegs.
Moreover each part is assembled using roots fibre rope.
Laheik is commonly built in Lake Kerinci region which is
situated on caesarean tectonic plates of Asia and Australia
OMO HADA TRADITIONAL HOUSE, NIAS, NORTH SUMATERA
Based on its structure, Traditional Nias house construction consisted
of column (enomo) and beam (ndriwa). The columns are supported
by big rocks as the foundation against strong wind. Furthermore,
the diagonal column becomes the key to its steady and flexible
architecture when earthquake occurs.
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One example of such tradition is
TRI HITA KARANA. It is a Balinese
local wisdom which highlights three
main elements of harmony. The three
elements are harmony between
human and environment, harmony
among humans and harmony between
human and God. It becomes the
APEC Economies sustainable tourism
tagline because the purpose of
development is not only to accelerate
economic growth but also to preserve
sustainable environment from which
human gets the benefits.
SUBAK is an irrigation system in Bali based on local wisdom reflecting Tri Hita Karana
concept. It is a comprehensive communal water management based on cultural
values, land use, water level and quality. The system based on the foundation of
Hindu rules and values is the integration of landscapes, cultural values in civil society
and unique faith system. Subak is one of the oldest form of democracy in the world as
applied on water management for crops, pura (temple), worship places and houses.
TRI HITA KARANA, ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION TRADITION
Indonesia is blessed with diversed and abundant ethnics and
cultures. Traditions born from Indonesian ethnic and cultural
communities are still well preserved until today.
Source : trihitakarana.info
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IMPROVING VILLAGE ECONOMY
Local wisdom through mutual
cooperation is also reflected in
warteg (street restaurant). The
restaurant management is rotated
amongst family or hometown friends
as the reflection of: cooperation in
social and economy order and for
working opportunity for family and
friends. This is one of much historical
local wisdoms which is still practiced
by some communities.
TALLASA KAMASE-MASE is the
principle of life for Kajang community.
They were taught to live a humble,
modest live and to avoid greed.
Environment is seen as part of their
living ecosystem, rather than lifeless
foreign objects.
The community living in Bulukumba
Regency, South CELEBES divides
the forest into three zones. The first
zone is Borong Karamaka (Forbidden
Forest) where the forest potentials are
prohibited to be exploited. The second
is Borong Batasaya (Boundary Forest)
where its wood can be used but based
on traditional laws. The last is Borong
Luarayya (Utilization Forest) where
people may plant woods like bitti or
crops like cocoa. These local wisdoms
can effectively preserve the sustainable
environment.
PELA GADONG is a concept
to establish brotherhood among
kampong (communities) in Moluccas
particularly the Ambon Island. The
idea was born from the agreements
of inter-communities’ ancestors.
That is still well preserved by their
generations in upholding social law.
Source : palingindonesia.com Sources : parisada.org, indonesia.travel
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BOROBUDUR IS THE LARGEST TEMPLE IN THE WORLD• The temple is located in Borobudur Village,
Magelang Regency, Central Java.• It is 42 metres high (10 storey) with more
than 1 kilometre long reliefs.• It is estimated that Syailendra Dynasty from
Ancient Mataram Kingdom (ca. 750-850 CE) took 40 years to construct.
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INDONESIA, A NATION OF 1000 TEMPLES
SUKUH TEMPLE, A HISTORICAL TRAPEZIUM ARCHITECTUREAccording to history books, the oldest civilization is characterized by its trapezium architecture for example Chichen Itza Pyramide in Yucatan, Mexico. Accordingly, Indonesia has Sukuh Temple with the similar architecture.1. It is located at Sukuh Village, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java.2. The temple relief shows erotic depiction of naked figures and
headless character (Gupala Statue).3. Known as “The Last Temple” It is the last temple built before the
fall of Majapahit Empire in Central Java.
Source:www.indonesia.travel/id
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CETHO TEMPLEKARANGANYAR, CENTRAL JAVA
• It is built during Hindu Majapahit Kingdom
golden age in 15TH CENTURY.
• “CETHO” IN JAVANESE LANGUAGE
MEANS CLEARLY VISIBLE. Furthermore it
means that from the village, people can observe
clearly the three surrounding mountains. THEY
ARE MOUNT MERBABU, MOUNT MERAPI
AND MOUNT LAWU. In addition, people can
see the peaks of Mount Sindoro and Mount
Sumbing.
• Cetho Temple reliefs are decorated with GIANT
TURTLE, THE SUN (PROBABLY SYMBOL
OF THE SUN OF MAJAPAHIT KINGDOM)
and 2 metres long of PHALLUS SYMBOL
(MALE GENITAL) with ampallang piercing.
• A ROUGH CARVING OF TURTLE SHAPE
symbolizes request or demands to God.
MOUNT PADANG SITE
• The site is located AT MOUNT PADANG,
KARYAMUKTI VILLAGE, CAMPAKA
DISTRICT, CIANJUR REGENCY.
• Its age is estimated 4500 YEARS OLD which
means IT IS OLDER THAN MESOPOTAMIA
CIVILIZATION AND THE GIZA PYRAMID
IN EGYPT. It is also believed as the oldest
civilization in the world.
• It is not a simple site but an enormous
monument. THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE IS
900 SQUARE METRES IN THREE HECTARES
OF TOTAL SIZE. It is ten times wider than
Borobudur in Central Java.
• The age is different for each stone layer. THE
TOP LAYER IS ESTIMATED FROM 500 BC
while the BOTTOM IS FROM 7000 BC.
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MUARO JAMBI TEMPLE COMPOUND
• It is located in MUARO JAMBI TEMPLE
COMPOUND, MUARO SERBO DISTRICT,
MUARO JAMBI REGENCY
• The compound size COVERS AN AREA OF
12 SQUARE KILOMETRES WITH MORE
THAN SEVEN KILOMETRES IN LENGTH,
STRETCHING ALONG THE RIVER BANK. IT IS
ESTIMATED TO BE 12 TIMES LARGER THAN
BOROBUDUR COMPOUND, AND TWICE THAN
ANGKOR WAT COMPOUND IN CAMBODIA.
• The record shows that there are 11 MAIN
TEMPLES FOUND IN THE COMPOUND, some
of which had been restored. THE RESTORED
TEMPLES ARE GUMPUNG, TINGGI, TINGGI
I, GEDONG, GEDONG I AND II, KEDATON,
KOTO MAHLIGAI, ASTANO, TELUK I AND
II, BUKIT SENGALO AND KEMBAR BATU.
IT IS BELIEVED THAT THERE ARE STILL 82
UNEARTHED TEMPLES IN THE COMPOUND.
SAMBISARI TEMPLE
• The temple is situated at the north of Yogyakarta-
Solo main road about 12 KILOMETRES EAST
OF YOGYAKARTA CITY.
• It is estimated built on 812-838 CE when Hindu
Mataram or Ancient Mataram Kingdom ruled by
King Rakai Garung from Syailendra Dynasty.
• Sambisari is a unique temple because LOCATED
ON 6.5 METRES BENEATH EARTH SURFACE.
Thus it is also known as underground temple.
However experts predict that it was initially
above the earth level like many other temples.
But the region was COVERED BY VOLCANIC
MATERIALS DUE TO MOUNT MERAPI
ERUPTION ON 1006 AD
Source : www.indonesia.travel/id
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STANDING THROUGH THE TEST OF TIME
FORTS
Despite mentioned in the history that 459 forts were built in Indonesia, only 275
forts have been identified. Those historical buildings were scattered across
Indonesia, from its large islands to the smallest ones, with various physical
conditions.
Now the forts have been standing throughout Indonesian history. Some forts such as
Fort Vredeburg in Yogyakarta, Fort Rotterdam in Makassar of South Celebes, and Fort
Marlborough in Bengkulu are still standing tall in excellent physical condition, serving as
important city landmark. The forts in Indonesia served not only as protection from enemy,
but also as a place for trade activities. Therefore, the architecture combined military
architecture with rooms for traders from office, warehouse, place of worship, hospital, to
soldier barrack.
The forts resemble a complex or a small town consisting of various facilities for the
community living in the forts. Generally, the forts were situated along the coast near
harbor, or along river banks.
TROPICAL ART-DECOBANDUNG
Until today, Bandung is still home to
several best examples of Tropical
Art-deco architecture in the world.
These buildings in European architectural
style were built in the 1920s, when the Dutch
government was gradually moving its capital
to Bandung. During that time, many wealthy
Dutch people lived in Bandung, thus the city
was named “Parijs van Java”—Paris of Java.
The most famous building with deco
architecture is Gedung Sate, the building
which now become West Java Governor’s
office. This glamorous building with antenna
similar to satay combined a neo-classic style
with indigenous elements, creating elegance
and unique combination of West and East
ambiance.
Indonesia has been known as a nation rich of spices, that many other nations had been attracted to come and explore its resources
since the 16th century. For several reasons foreigners like Portuguese, Dutch, and English made their effort to defend their position and
monopoly trade in the country by developing their territories and forts.
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KERATONNGAYOGYAKARTA
HADININGRAT
Keraton or kraton in Javanese
means palace. One of the famous
keraton is Keraton Ngayogyakarta
Hadiningrat or Yogyakarta Palace. Until
today the palace has well preserved
physical building, function, tradition, and
social system. Physically, the palace of
Sultan Yogya consists of seven main
complexes, namely Siti Hinggil Ler
(North Hall), Kamandhungan Ler (North
Kamandhungan) Sri Manganti, Kedhaton,
Kamagangan, kamandhungan Kidul (South
Kamandhungan) and Siti Hinggil Kidul
(South Hall).
LUBANG JEPANG,BUKITTINGGI,
WEST SUMATERA
Lubang Jepang (literally means
Japanese Hole) is a tunnel
(bunker) for shelter, built by
Japanese army for defense, during
Japanese occupation of Indonesia,
around the year 1942. There are 21
tunnels in 1470 meters length, built by
Romusha (forced laborers) who were
sent from BORNEO and CELEBES.
Some rooms in the tunnel were
functioned as military room, torture
chamber, ammunition storage room,
and detention room.
LAWANG SEWU
Lawang Sewu in Javanese means
One Thousand Doors; while actually
it only has 429. However, it has
1200 door leaves in either two hinges or
two sliding door leaves.
Source :www.indonesia.travel/id
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TRIBUTES TO THE LATE AND ETERNAL SOULS
“NGABEN”, BALINESE CREMATION
CEREMONY
Ngaben is a ceremony of
incineration of corpse or
cremation carried out by Hindu
people in Bali, Indonesia. The essence of
this ceremony is to send back the spirit
of the ancestors (deceased people) to
its origin. The ritual is usually performed
festively without mourning.
For some of us death is a sacred event that needs special ceremony to honor it. In Indonesia, some rituals of death are still preserved
in its people’s culture up to this moment:
CEMETERY IN TRUNYAN VILLAGE,
KINTAMANI, BALI
Trunyan is the name of a village
situated at the edge of Batur Lake,
Kintamani, Bali. When a villager
died, the corpse would not be burried
on the ground, instead, it would be laid
to rest on a large stone which has 7
concaved surfaces. The dead body of
the deceased will only be covered by
rudimentary bamboo cages. Strangely,
despite the absence of embalmment,
the corpse would not cause stench.
The explanation on why the corpse
which is only laid on the ground do not
spread stench although it is naturally
decomposing lies on a tree called Taru
Menyan. Taru Menyan trees produce
scent that could neutralize the unpleasant
odor from the dead body. Taru means
tree, and Menyan means pleasant smell,
it only grows in this village. Therefore, the
tree Taru Menyan, which is later more
popular as Trunyan, is believed as the
origin of the village’s name.
Their tradition arranged that the area of
cemetery for the deceased villager would
differ in accordance to the cause of death
or their marital status.
When a Trunyan villager dies naturally,
the corpse would be covered in white
cloth. Moreover, a funeral ceremony
would be held for the deceased, and
the corpse would be laid on the ground,
under a big Taru Menyan tree in an area
named Sema Wayah.
If someone died of unnatural causes
such as accident, suicide, or murder,
the corpse would be laid in a different
area named Sema Bantas. While
for babies and children as well as
unmarried adult, the deceased would be
laid in Sema Muda.
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CEMETARY OF DAYAK BENUAQ,
EAST BORNEO
The Benuaq or Bentian burry the
body of a deceased person in a
carved wooden coffin-like container
which is fixed on top of a wooden post or
hung on ropes. After a few years they will
open the grave and exhume the bones to
eventually bless them and put them in a
container fixed on permanent posts.
TRIBUTES TO THE LATE AND ETERNAL SOULS
BATU LEMO, TANA TORAJA
Lies in the village of Batu Lemo,
Tana Toraja, is a graveyard on
the face of a rock-cliff. The graves
have been there since the 16th century.
There are 75 holes on the rock cliff, some
of which with wooden statues called tau
tau displayed on balconies carved into the
cliffs. The statues are symbols of social
status and role when they lived as local
nobles.
On the side of the cliff is a hill with deep
cave. Wooden coffins are arranged in
groups based on family lines.
KAMBIRA TANA TORAJA
BABY CEMETARY
As for deceased babies, the bodies are
embalmed and covered in cloth for later
be put in holes on big trees. The holes
would then be covered by woven palm
fiber. The Torajans consider the ritual as
similar with returning the babies back to
their mothers wombs. The place of the
hole on the tree defines social strata of the
family. The higher the hole, the higher the
social status is.
ASMAT TRIBE MUMMIFICATION
Asmat tribe of Papua has a custom
of body mummification, They
usually perform the mummification
for the chief of tribe or war commander.
Bodies are mummified using traditional
ingredients to honor traditional heritage
and religion. Currently we can find three
mummies in Papua; Aikima mummy in
Aikima, Jiwika mummy in Jiwika, and
Purno Mummy in Asologaima. The three
mummies are in Wamena.
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Majority of Indonesian internet users own
motor vehicle.
• 88.6% have motorcycles
• 17.4% have cars
• 16.8% have both
INDONESIA INTERNET USER IS DOMINATED BY MIDDLE-CLASS SOCIETY.
6 OF 10 INTERNET USERS visit social network every month
58MILLION
PERSONS
Currently
Indonesian
mobile internet
consumers
reach
3 OF 10 NETIZENS claimed to replace their mobile phones
in the past year
1 OF 10 NETIZENS claimed to replace their laptops or netbooks
in the past year
An estimation by Indonesia Internet Service Provider Association (APJII), Indonesia internet user:
2012 = 63 MILLION USERS
2013 = 82 MILLION USERS
2014 = 107 MILLION USERS
2015 = 139 MILLION USERSOR 50% OF INDONESIAN TOTAL POPULATION
40% (24.2 MILLION PERSONS)
of Indonesian internet users spend
more than 3 HOURS ONLINE
PER DAY.
63.95% OF 63 MILLION USERS
have Facebook and Twitter accounts
2,3%
Majority of Indonesian
internet users are youth
of
15-35 YEARS OF AGE
OF WORLD’S INTERNET USER IS
INDONESIAN
INDONESIA CYBER WAVESCAPE
79
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Majority of Indonesian netizen is
BARGAIN HUNTER. When they
are about to do a purchase, they
tend to collect as many information
as possible about the product in
order to avail themselves with the
best product.
ONLINE SHOPPING
• 3.7 MILLION NETIZENS buy/sell online using various exitsting platforms from Facebook, e-Commerce site, Classified Ads
forum, BlackBerry Group, Blog, to Twitter.
• BANK TRANSFER is the most favorite payment method in online shopping.
• Only 3.9% online shopper pay with CREDIT CARDS.
• Products bought online by netizens are dominated by FASHION, APPAREL, and ACCESSORIES.
• Average Budget for netizens’ online shopping is around US$ 14.
• Women: APPAREL, ACCESSORIES, BAGS.
• MEN: TICKETS, BOOKS, ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS SUCH AS HANDPHONE, COMPUTER, OR LAPTOP.
Sources: Mark Plus Insight Netizen Survey 2012,Nielsen, Markplus, APJII, Renstra Ditjen IKP 2011-2014 Kominfo
NETIZEN ARE
BARGAIN HUNTER
56.4%
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Did you know that in Indonesia, communication and internet have become parts of people’s primary need? A study conducted by a magazine stated that phone credit and internet connection cost have become a spending more significant than food, beverages, transportation, body care, and
health expenditure.
ON-LINE CONTINUOUS CONNECTIVITY
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CELLULAR PHONE
TELEVISIONSMARTPHONE
RADIO
NEWSPAPERS
INTERNETMAGAZINES
104%
95% 67%
47%
25%
24% 13%
MEDIA PENETRATION IN INDONESIA
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Irrespective of a lower income per capita of average Indonesian, each citizen has at least one cellular phone toppled with the growing number of social and modern media, the country has a wealth of media spanning from big cities to rural villages
THE DYNAMICS OF INDONESIA’S CURRENT MASS MEDIA
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1
300++415
495
1465
737
218
69
257
10NUMBER OF TV STATIONS
PUBLIC TV
LOCAL TV STATION
DAILY NEWSPAPER
MAGAZINE
RADIO
PRINT MEDIA
TELEVISION
ONLINE MEDIA
TABLOID
PRIVATE TV STATION
NUMBER OF PRINT MEDIA
IF HUMAN EYES COULD SEE THE FREQUENCY WAVES,COULD YOU IMAGINE HOW INDONESIAN SKY WOULD LOOK LIKE?
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The world’s top electronic cellular brands will not exist without Bangka and Belitung’s tins. These are islands
located in the western Indonesia and contributes to one third of the world’s tin supplies.
BANGKA AND
BELITUNG’S TIN ON
WORLD’S PHONES
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CHINA152,000 METRIC TONS
MALAYSIA37,800 METRIC TONS
PERU25,400 METRIC TONS
THAILAND22,900 METRIC TONS
INDONESIA52,300 METRIC TONS
26% of world production
WORLD’S TIN PRODUCER (2012)
WORLD’S LARGEST TIN EXPORT,
800 kilo tons of
TIN RESERVES, or
Sources: US Geological Survey, PT Timah Tbk.
16.6%of the world’s reserves of
4.8 MILLION TONS
Indonesian Tin Exchange specialized in transaction of export tin ingots defines
the world’s tin price. Tin ingots trade through exchange mechanism could prevent practice
of “under invoice”, increase reception of royalty, prevent illegal tin trade, and increase Indonesia’s
competitiveness. The principle of exchange trade is free and fair trade where seller and buyer are
free to carry out any transaction without any restrictions.
100,876 TONSin 2012.
is the world’s
largest TIN company.
3rd
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Indonesia is the world’s
2nd largest exporter with
203 million tons of export. On the first position
is Australia (252 million tons).
China, as the world’s largest
coal producer only sits on the 7th
position of world’s coal exporter
(47 million tons).
Indonesia’s coal reserves
is only 0.5 %of world’s reserves yet it
is the world’s 6th largest
producer with 246
million tons production.
INDONESIA: A TREASURE ISLAND
INDONESIA HOLDS HUGE UNDER GROUND MINERALS AND PRECIOUS COMMODITIES DEPOSITS. GOLD,
COPPER, COALS, OILS, GAS, DIAMONDS, AND PRECIOUS MINERALS ARE FOUND ACROSS THE COUNTRY.
COAL
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World’s 2nd
largest LNG
exporter
country of as
much as
29.6 BCF
World’s 13th country
with largest natural gas
reserves of as much as
92.9TCF
World’s 8th
largest natural gas
producer country
with 7.2 TCF
production.
World’s 18th
natural gas
consumer with
3.8BCF/day of
consumption.
GOLD COPPER
NICKEL
The world’s largest gold mine is Grasberg Mine(Freeport) in Papua.
It is the
world’s 6th
largest gold
producer
with 6.7% of world production
It has
the world’s
7th largest gold
potential. 7th largest contribution to
the world’s copper reserves
with 4.1%
Indonesia is the 2nd
largest copper producer
with 10.4% of
world production and
the world’s
Indonesia has the world’s
8th largest nickel reserves
with 2.9%of world’s nickel reserves.
It is also the world’s 4th nickel
producer with 8.6% of
world production.
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PAGE PHOTO/ PICTUREDATE &
DOWNLOAD TIMEAUTHOR LINK
6INDONESIAN MAP ILLUSTRATION
20140507 10.44 Wikipedia: Indigohttps://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Ensiklopedia-Indonesia.jpg
9BACHRUDDIN JUSUF HABIBIE
20140507 13.30 Office of the Vice President The Republic of Indonesia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bacharuddin_Jusuf_Habibie_official_portrait.jpg
11SOSROBAHU TECHNIQUE
20140507 13.45 Jafkhairihttp://download.antarafoto.com/search-result/dom-1398239101
11TWO CREW COCKPIT DESIGN
20140507 14.00 Ministry of Transportation
http://m.dephub.go.id/read/berita/direktorat-jenderal-perhubungan-udara/persyaratan-pilot-asing-oleh-maspakai-penerbangan-nasional-diperketat-15880
12THE GUERRILLA WAR TECHNIQUE
20140507 14.30 Punt / Anefohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Abdul_Harris_Nasution.jpg
14 PULAU R(H)UN 20140507 14.45 Lencerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Banda_Islands_en.png
16 COLOMBUS 20140507 15.00 Sebastiono del Piombo
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16 NUTMEG 20140507 15.30 Brocken Inagloryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nutmeg_Zanz41.JPG
17 FRANKENSTEIN 20140507 16.05
A promotional photo of Boris Karloff as Frankenstein's monster, using Jack Pierce's makeup design, Universal Studios
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATION SOURCES
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18 THOMAS JEFFERSON 20140508 12.14 Rembrandt Peale (1778-1860)
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18 NAPOLEON 20140508 12.14
The York Project: 10.000 Meisterwerke der Malerei. DVD-ROM, 2002. ISBN 3936122202. Distributed by DIRECTMEDIA Publishing GmbH
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18 DRAISINE 20140508 11.34Wilhelm Siegrist (1797-1843)
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18SUMBAWA THOPOGRAPY
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19 GUNUNG KRAKATAU 20140509 14.27
Lithograph: Parker & Coward, Britain; Original uploader was Twinsday at en.wikipedia
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23 DANAU TOBA Barry Kusumahttp://indonesia.travel/en/destination/48/the-incredible-lake-toba/article/27/lake-toba-history-of-a-volcanic-mega-explosion-and-its-legend
25 TROWULAN TEMPLE 20140507 17.05Gunawan Kartapranata
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28AUSTRALIA CONTINENT ILLUSTRATION
20140508 16.50 Hans Braxmeierhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Reliefmap_of_Australia.png
31 INDONESIAN HERBS 20140509 17:50 heydriennehttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Spices_22078028.jpg
33 PURWACENG 20140508 16.30 Ministry of Agriculturehttp://perkebunan.litbang.deptan.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/perkebunan_PurwocengPipru-05.jpg
34 PASAK BUMI 20140508 17.29Hutan Lindung Sungai Wain
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34MADURESE CONCOCTION
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35 A GLASS OF COFFEE 20140508 12.46 Indonesia.travel
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35 LUWAK 20140508 08.58 Leendertzhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Luwak-Katze_in_Kepahiang.jpg?setlang=id
35 LUWAK COFFEE 20140508 12.55 HaztechGuy
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37 PEPPER 20131014 15.52
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37 TEA 20131014 13.11http://balittri.litbang.deptan.go.id/eng/index.php/component/content/article/26-news/42-the-four-different-types-of-tea
37 JATROPHA CURCAS 20131014 12.11 http://cybex.deptan.go.id/category/bidang/perkebunan/tanaman-tahunan/jarak-pagar
37 CLOVE 20131014 18.45 deptan.go.id
37 CASHEW 20131014 14.25 http://perkebunan.litbang.deptan.go.id/?p=4360
37 SUGAR-CANE 20131014 04.31http://perkebunan.litbang.deptan.go.id/?page_id=3755
37 COTTON 20131014 18.55http://ditjenbun.deptan.go.id/perlindungan/berita-189-musim-hujan-datang--penyakit-antraknosa-dan-bercak-daun-kapasmengancam.html
37 TOBACCO 20130514 05.59 http://cybex.deptan.go.id/lokalita/pelatihan-budidaya-tembakau-ram-0
37 SUNAN PECAN 20130514 15.41http://cybex.deptan.go.id/penyuluhan/pembukaan-lahan-dan-penanaman-kemiri-sunan
37 PATCHOULI 20131014 19.55 http://ditjenbun.deptan.go.id/perlindungan/berita-194-layu-bakteri-yang-merugikan-tanaman-nilam.html
39 RAFFLESIA ARNOLDI Kemparekraf
39 ORCHID Kemparekraf
41 KOMODO Kemparekraf
43LEATHERBACK SEA TURTLE
Fiqman Sunandar ANTARA FOTO
43LEATHERBACK SEA TURTLE
ANTARA FOTO
44 COELACANTH 20140508 12.08 Qwertzy2
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44 AROWANA 201405 09.13Marcel Burkhard alias cele4
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45 TARSIUS PRIMATE 20131014 19.55http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Tarsius_tarsier_Tandurusa_zoo.JPG
45 SUNBEAR 20140508 18.21 Ryan Poplinhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Sun_Bear_7.jpg wikimedia commons. Disclaimer: to share and to remix
46 BUTTERFLY Yusran Uccang ANTARA FOTO
46 JAVAN RHINOCERUS 20140508 13.15http://www.rhinoconservation.org
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46 JAVAN RHINOCERUS 20140508 17.14http://ppid.dephut.go.id/photos/news/ratubadak1.jpg
46 BIRD OF PARADISE 20140508 18.12 Herry Wijayantohttp://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/cendrawasih%20by%20herry%20wijanto.jpg
47 GARUDA CONTINGENT Istimewa Penerangan Konga XXIII-H dan G/UNIFIL
47SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO UN
Istimewa Ani Yudhoyono
48 SOEKARNO Setkab
48 SOEHARTO Setkab
48 ABDURAHMAN WAHID Setkab
48 MEGAWATI Setkab
49 JAVAHARLAL NEHRUBundesarchiv, Bild 183-61849-0001 / CC-BY-SA
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53BENGAWAN SOLO RIVER
20131014 19.55 http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bengawan_Solo_in_Solo.JPG
54BENGAWAN SOLO PAINTING
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Nederlands: Litho. Litho naar een oorspronkelijk schilderij van A. Salm.. De rivier de Solo Link: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_rivier_de_Solo_TMnr_3728-417.jpg
55 EIFFEL TOWER 20140508 16.10 Brian Bibbets http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/MG_8998.jpg Free License
55 CANADIAN FLAG 20131014 19.55 http://www.pch.gc.ca/eng/1363356053583/1363342021822
55 GAMELAN Tony Kemparekraf
56 KARINDING Agus Bebeng ANTARA FOTO
56 ANGKLUNG Marshal Kemparekraf
56 SASANDO Bambang Widjanarko Kemparekraf
56 KOLINTANGJessica Helena Wuysang
ANTARA FOTO
57 PENCAK SILAT 20140506 16.05 Maril Gafurhttp://download.antarafoto.com/search-result/dom-1399265701
59 CIMANDE VILLAGEhttp://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/wisata/fimages/Kampung_Pulo.JPG
60PADEPOKAN PENCAK SILAT
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60PENCAK SILAT COMPETITION
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60 POSTER THE RAID 20140507 16.15 http://www.indonesia.travel/id/news/detail/681/memajukan-film-indonesia
61 STONE JUMPING NIAS 20140508 14.12 Fanny Octavianushttp://www.antarafoto.com/peristiwa/v1252159004/lompat-batu
62 REOG 20140508 12.56 Sapto Budiarsohttp://www.indonesia.travel/en/news/detail/723/tall-ship-dewaruci-reaches-miami-harbor-u-s-a-rendezvous-with-indonesian-community
63 ANI YUDHOYONO 20140508 13.30 Anunghttp://www.presidenri.go.id/ibunegara/index.php/galeri/album/thumb/detail/129/602/
63 NELSON MANDELA 20140508 12.41South Africa the Good News
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64 WOVEN FABRIC 20140508 08.39 Kemparekraf
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65PUNCAK JAYA ( PIRAMID CARTENZ)
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66 TENGGER TRIBE 20140508 12.51 Musyawirhttp://www.antarafoto.com/spektrum/v1307689826/suku-tengger
66 BAJOE TRIBE 20140508 14.52Sahrul Manda Tikupadang
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66 DANI TRIBE 20140508 15.27http://www.indonesia.travel/en/destination/427/baliem-valley-festival
67GADANG TRADITIONAL HOUSE
20140507 15.29http://www.indonesia.travel/id/news/detail/766/menggapai-finish-di-rumah-gadang-termegah-di-sumatera-barat
68OMO HADA TRADITIONAL HOUSE
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68LAHEIK TRADITIONAL HOUSE
20140509 15.59 Tropenmuseum of the Royal Tropical Institute (KIT)
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68WOLOAN TRADITIONAL HOUSE
Ismar Patrizki ANTARA FOTO
68JOGLO TRADITIONAL HOUSE
Directorate General of Indonesian Culture
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69 TRI HITA KARANA 20140508 10.22
http://www.indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/Paddy%20Fields,%20Pupuan,%20BALI,%20PHOTO%20BY%20EFENDY%20BONG.jpg
70TALLASA KAMASE MASE
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70 WARTEG 20140507 08.42 Veriyanta Kusumahttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Food_at_Warung_Tegal.jpg
71 BOROBUDUR TEMPLE Kemparekraf
72 SUKUH TEMPLE 20140507 10.38 Merbabuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Candi_Sukuh_2007.JPG (By: Merbabu)
73 MOUNT PADANG SITEhttp://www.disparbud.jabarprov.go.id/destinasi/userfiles/image/buat%20artikel%20copy.jpg
73 CETHO TEMPLE 20140507 11.44 Kembangrapshttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Ceto_tampak_depan.jpg (By: Kembangraps)
73 MUARO JAMBI TEMPLEhttp://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/_MG_2201%20Candi%20Gedong%20II.jpg
74 SAMBISARI TEMPLE 20140507 10.27 Crisco 1492http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Sambisari_Panorama_%2829_December_2013%29.jpg (By: Crisco 1492)
74 ROTTERDAM FORThttp://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/fort%20rotterdam3.jpg
75 GEDUNG SATEhttp://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/1_bandung_gedungsate.jpg
75KRATON NGAYOGYAKARTA HADININGRAT
http://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/Keraton%20Yogya%202.jpg
76 LUBANG JEPANGhttp://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/Lampu%20menerangi%20Lobang%20Jepang%20Bukittinggi.jpg
76 LAWANG SEWUhttp://indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/lawangsewu2.jpg
76 NGABEN Agus Kustiwa
77CEMETERY IN TRUNYAN
20140508 18.43 Yusuf IJsseldijkhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Human_skulls%2C_Trunyan%2C_Lake_Batur%2C_Bali.jpg
77CEMETARY OF DAYAK BENUAQ
20140508 19.47 Tropenmuseum
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Een_Benua_Dajak_kamponghoofd_%28petinggi%29_van_Tanjongjan_Borneo_TMnr_10001683.jpg
78BATU LEMO, TANA TORAJA
20140508 15.33http://www.indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/Toraja-07.jpg
78ASMAT TRIBE MUMMIFICATION
20140508 12.41 http://www.indonesia.travel/en/destination/471/the-wamena-highlands
78 Batu Lemo-Tana Toraja 20140508 15.33 http://www.indonesia.travel/public/media/images/upload/poi/Toraja-07.jpg
78 Mumi Suku Asmat 20140508 12.41 http://www.indonesia.travel/en/destination/471/the-wamena-highlands
