Geographical, Political & Climatological of Indonesia

Political, Geographical, & Climatological of Indonesia

Political system of IndonesiaPolitical system of Indonesia:Presidential Representative Democratic RepublicPresidentVice President Total land area: 1,904,569km2 Territorial area: 5,193,250km2Shoreline length: 81.000 kmTotal population: 225,6 million (2007)

Indonesia is divided into 34 provinces, a province is headed by a governorhttp://en.wikipedia.org

608' N to 1115' S Latitude9445' E to 14105' E LongitudeGeograpichal location of Indonesia

Indonesian Archipelago consist of 17,508 islands 6,000 islands inhabited

5 Main Islands: Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi & Papuahttp://www.smpn1depok.comLocated in 3 Plate Tectonic plates :1. Eurasian Plate2. Australian Plate3. Pacific PlateResult : Earthquake & Tsunami

www.dive-videos.com

Indonesia located in the Ring of Fire Active Volcanoeswww.geography.org.uk

Climate of IndonesiaTemperature : coastal plains, average of 28 C inland and mountain areas, average of 26 C higher mountain regions, average of 23 CHumidity : relative humidity ranges between 70 % - 90%Climate :1. Tropical Climate : Indonesian located in the equator line (608' N to 1115' S Latitude 9445' E to 14105' E Longitude) -> Wet and Dry Season2. Maritime Climate : Indonesia surrounded by sea (an archipelago country) -> High Precipitation -> Low different in the temperature3. Monsoons Climate : West Monsoon: October April -> Rainy Season East Monsoon: April October -> Dry Season

West MonsoonWind direction: Asia -> AustraliaEast MonsoonWind direction: Australia -> Asiahttp://www.smpn1depok.comhttp://www.smpn1depok.comMonsoons

Precipitation in IndonesiaSource: bmkg.go.idLocal climate: can be mountain and coastal climate7

Climate of IndonesiaSource: weatherspark.com

Jakarta

PadangTemperature

PrecipitationHighest precipitation in January caused flood in many areas in Jakarta

28-30 C27-29 C400 mm/month75 mm/month

Climate of Indonesia (continued)HumidityJakartaPadangSource: weatherspark.com

Wind Velocity80%70%

Temperature increased by 0.3Annual precipitation decreased by 2-3%Changes in precipitation patterns (decline in the south, increase in the north)Seasonality precipitation changes (wet season rainfall increased in the south; dry season rainfall in the north decreased)Observed Climate ChangeTemperature IncreaseHulme and Sheard (1999), and Boer and Faqih (2004)Sea Level RisePrecipitation Changes

The disappearing of small Islandwithin 2005 2007, 24 small islands disappear in this location:3 island in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD)3 island in Papua5 island in Riau 2 island in West sumatera7 island in the coastal area of Jakarta(source: Ministry of Oceanary & Fishery)

Projection of Jakarta Coastal Region in 2050Sea Level RiseTemperature IncreaseForest Fire Increasing deforestation rate since 2000 2005 (2.8 Million Ha/year)Total loss approximately 91 Million USD Caused haze disaster and respiratory illness (source: www.beritabumi.or.id)

Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/03/science/03obfires.html?_r=0Forest Fire in Pelalawan, Riau at 2006

High flood risk, e.g. the Jakarta flood on 2 February 2007 inundated 70,000 houses, displaced 420,440 people, killed 69 people, losses of Rp 4.1 trillion (US$ 450 million) (WHO, 2007, Bappenas, 2007)

Precipitation ChangesDecreased rainfall during critical times high drought risk,uncertain water availability, uncertain ability to produce agricultural goods,economic instability, more undernourished people, hindering progress against povertyand food insecurity (Wang et al., 2006)

http://goodmorningjakarta.wordpress.com/2011/05/10/hello-world/

Source: http://us.metro.news.viva.co.id/news/read/383023-jokowi--bundaran-hi-banjir-karena-tanggul-latuharhary-jebol

Wir danken ihnen fr ihre Aufmerksamkeithttp://www.gen22.org/2012/03/gambar-gambar-motif-batik-indonesia.html