indo-us workshop on highway and airport pavement engineering (hipave) v2
TRANSCRIPT
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Advances in asphalt mix
evaluation
Con Sinadinos, CEO
IPC Global, Australia
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The greatest advances in asphalt mix evaluationhave come from the USA
Strategic Highways Research Program (SHRP)
Superpave Design System:
Superior Performing Asphalt Pavements
Mechanistic-Empirical Design Guide
Advances in asphalt mix
evaluation
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Pre SHRP
Binder Specifications
Aggregate Specifications
Volumetric Design
Moisture Sensitivity
Simple Test
Marshall StabilityHveen Stability
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Strategic Highways Research
Program (SHRP)
Meant to be based upon fundamental
material characterization tests
Ran into technical problems relating to thepredictive model
Technical problems relating to the predictivemodel for rutting and fatigue cracking resultedin the abandonment of this approach byFederal Highways Administration (FHWA)
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SHRP Mixture
Tests
Shear Test AASHTO TP7Modulus
Permanent Deformation
Flexural Fatigue AASHTO TP8
Fatigue Cracking
Indirect Tensile Test AASHTO TP9
Thermal Cracking
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Issues With SHRP
Products
High Costs
Equipment
Training Performance Models
Errors
Not Calibrated
Not User Friendly
Change The Way We Do Business
Engineer Mixtures to Perform
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Superpave Design System
The final product of the SHRP asphalt programarea was the Superpave System.
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NCHRP
SuperpaveEvolution..
Superpave Design System
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Steps of Superpave Mix
Design
1. Materials Selection 2. Design Aggregate Structure
3. Design Binder Content 4. Mixture Performance Testing
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National Cooperative
Highway Research Program
(NCHRP) Reports
9-19: Superpave Support and PerformanceModels
9-29: Simple Performance Tester for Superpave
Mix Design 9-33: Mix Design Manual for Hot Mix Asphalt
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NCHRP Project 9-19
RecommendTest(s)
DevelopProtocol(s)
Develop Criteria
Validate Criteria
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Project 9-19 Correlation Study
MnRoad
WesTrack FHWA-ALF
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Dynamic Modulus Test
0
0*
E
Stress
Strain
Time
RuttingMin |E*| at High Temp
Fatigue CrackingMax |E*| at Intermediate Temp
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Static Creep Test
Flow Time
TIME
RuttingMin FT at High Temp
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Repeated Load Creep Test
Flow Number
RuttingMin FN at High Temp
TIME
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Sample preparation
17
0mm
150mm
150mm
100mm
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NCHRP Project 9-29
Equipment Specs
Procure PrototypeEquipment
Evaluate Prototype
Equipment Revise Specs
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Project 9-29 Equipment
Specifications
Simple Performance Test SystemStatic Creep / Flow Time TestRepeated Load / Flow Number Test
Dynamic Modulus
Test Automated Specimen FabricationEquipment
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Project 9-29 Specification
Development
Draft Equipment SpecsCost Estimate
Manufacturers Review
Prototype EquipmentSpecsRevised Estimate
Users Workshop
Ideas
Research TestProtocols
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Project 9-29 Prototype SimplePerformance Test Procurement
EnduraTec
Instron
Interlaken
IPC Global
Specifications
Advantages Cost Past Performance
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Project 9-29 Prototype Simple
Performance Test Systems
Tests
Flow TimeFlow Number
Dynamic Modulus
Temperature Range20 to 60C (now 4 to 60C)
Confining Pressure Range0 to 210 kPa
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Project 9-29 Prototype Simple
Performance Test Systems
IPC Global
Interlaken
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Final report January 2010 (AAT)
Test procedures for dense, gap, and open-graded mixes
HMA performance tests
Criteria developed with M-E Design Guide Final critical issues being evaluated:
FAA values and CAA values
Flat & elongated requirements
Performance Tests
Design VMA values Design gyration levels
RAP
Project 9-33 Mix Design
Manual for HMA
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AMPT Uses
Dynamic Modulus Master Curve forStructural DesignAASHTO MEPDG
Mixture DesignNCHRP Project 9-33 Mix Design Manual for
Hot Mix Asphalt
Material EvaluationsHomogenity of RAP Mixtures
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Pavement Structural Design
AASHTO Mechanistic-Empirical PavementDesign GuideHMA Characterized by a Dynamic Modulus
Master CurvePlant Aged Conditions
Modulus Needed
Stress-Strain Analysis
Rutting Model
Fatigue Cracking Model
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Temperature and LoadingRate Effects
1
10
100
1000
10000
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Reduced Frequency, Hz
DynamicModulus,
ksi
4 C
20 C
40 C
-3.0
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
0 5 10 1 5 20 25 3 0 35 4 0 45
Temperature, C
ShiftFactor
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NCHRP 9-29 Draft Practice
Developing Dynamic Modulus MasterCurves for Hot-Mix Asphalt ConcreteUsing the Asphalt Mixture Performance
TesterTesting Conditions
Temperature
Frequency
Replicates
Data Analysis
Excel Spreadsheet
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Rutting Resistance
2-3 in
Shear Deformation - Major
Densification - Minor
High Temperatures
Early in Pavement Life
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0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Load Cycle
PermanentStrain,
%
0.0000
0.0005
0.0010
0.0015
0.0020
0.0025
0.0030
0.0035
0.0040
0.0045
0.0050
P
ermanentStrainRate,%
perCycle
Permanent Strain Permanent Strain Rate
Flow Number = Minimum
Permanent Strain Rate
Repeated Load Test
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AMPT
Flow Number (Fn)
Developed as indicator of rutting potential
9-33 relationship flow number/maximumtraffic with lab mixes (field mix issue-age)
Issues High temperature 50% reliability PG
LTPPBind 3.1
Confined/unconfined Load: various levels have been used
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IDT for E* Determination
FHWA Sponsored - NCState
Procedure RuggednessTesting
ETG review underway
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Implementation
Pooled fund purchase and deliver AMPT forhighway Agencies
Initially 9 units with option for 29 more
Provide training to use AMPT to performproposed standard practices for measuringdynamic modulus and flow number
2 Day Training Course
Evaluate nationwide implementation and useof AMPT for assessing performance over awide range of climatic conditions, materials,and structures.
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Pooled Fund Progress
FHWA, eighteen states, and the Ministry ofTransportation in Ontario, Canada havecommitted over $1.8 million to participate in this
study AMPT Equipment will be delivered to study
participants in 2010
Continuum Damage Fatigue software andhardware is available from IPC
still in research stage
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Pooled fund participants
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AMPT (2009/2010)
Develop pooled fund for training and equipmentpurchase of the equipment
Technician training for operation of theequipment (AAT contractor/NCAT Lab)
Remaining issue withdetermination Flow Number, Fn
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AMPT Uses
Dynamic Modulus Master Curve for StructuralDesign
AASHTO MEDG
Mixture DesignNCHRP Project 9-33 Mix Design Manual for Hot
Mix Asphalt
Material Evaluations
Modified Binders
Forensics
Etc
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AMPT Summary
Specifically for HMA Testing Three Performance Related Tests
Dynamic Modulus
Repeated Load
Creep
User Friendly, Second Generation MixturePerformance Testing Equipment
Available from at least two manufacturers Extensive National Efforts to Develop and
Implement
A k l d t
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Acknowledgements
Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC
Engineer ing Ser vices for the A sphal t Indust r y
Development andApplication of the Asphalt
Mix Performance Tester
Ramon Bonaquist, Ph.D., P.E
Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC
Field Engineer
Learning & Development SeminarDallas, TX -- April 19-23, 2010
CONSTRUCTION & PROJECT MANAGEMENT DESIGN GENERALIST PAVEMENT & MATERIALS
The Future of the SuperpaveMixture Design System
Asphalt Mix Part IIJohn Bukowski
Asphalt Team Leader
DEVELOPMENT OF A FUNDAMENTALLY BASEDDEVELOPMENT OF A FUNDAMENTALLY BASED
SIMPLE PERFORMANCE TEST(S) TO SUPPORTSIMPLE PERFORMANCE TEST(S) TO SUPPORT
THE SUPERPAVE VOLUMETRIC MIX DESIGNTHE SUPERPAVE VOLUMETRIC MIX DESIGN
PROCESSPROCESS
Dr.M.W.WitczakDr.M.W.Witczak
Professor, ASUProfessor, ASU
TASK CTASK C
Superpave Models ProjectSuperpave Models Project
NCHRP 9NCHRP 9--1919
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Questions?