Indo-European Migrations: 4m-2m BC

Indo-European Migrations: 4m-2m BC

The Middle East: “The Crossroads of Three Continents”

The Middle East: “The Crossroads of Three Continents”

The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area

The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area

The Middle East: “The Cradle of Civilization”

The Middle East: “The Cradle of Civilization”

What is a Civilization? an advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached.

What does a society need in order to be called a Civilization?

1. Cities as centers for trade2. Record Keeping a form of writing3. Specialized Jobs and skilled workers4. Institutions- Government, Religion, Education5. Advanced Technologies and Tools

Cities as centers for Cities as centers for tradetrade

A place for people to bring A place for people to bring things to trade for other itemsthings to trade for other items

Protection, Culture, Easier lifeProtection, Culture, Easier life

Record Keeping - WritingInca-Quipu Babylonian - Cuneiform

Egyptian hieroglyphics

Specialized JobsJewelry Maker Scribes

Farmers

Military

Mr. Edge

Al Asad, Iraq

Stone Mason

InstitutionsGovernment Code of Hammurabi

EDUCATION

Religion

Advanced Technologies and Tools

SumeriansSumerians

Sumerian Religion - Polytheistic

Sumerian Religion - Polytheistic

Enki

Enki

Innana

Innana

Anthropomorphic Gods

Anthropomorphic Gods

Mesopotamian TradeMesopotamian Trade

“The Cuneiform World”

“The Cuneiform World”

Gilgamesh – Story Telling

Gilgamesh – Story Telling

Gilgamesh Epic Tablet:Flood Story

Gilgamesh Epic Tablet:Flood Story

Cuneiform: “Wedge-Shaped” Writing

Cuneiform: “Wedge-Shaped” Writing

Cuneiform WritingCuneiform Writing

Sumerian ScribesSumerian Scribes

“Tablet House” “Tablet House”

Sumerian Cylinder Seals

Sumerian Cylinder Seals

Ziggurat at UrZiggurat at Ur

Temple

“Mountain of the Gods”

Temple

“Mountain of the Gods”

The Royal Standard of Ur

The Royal Standard of Ur

Mesopotamian HarpMesopotamian Harp

Board Game From UrBoard Game From Ur

Sophisticated Metallurgy Skills

at Ur

Sophisticated Metallurgy Skills

at Ur

Sargon of Akkad:The World’s First Empire

[Akkadians]

Sargon of Akkad:The World’s First Empire

[Akkadians]

The Babylonian Empires

The Babylonian Empires

Hammurabi’s [r. 1792-1750

B. C. ] CodeHammurabi’s [r. 1792-1750

B. C. ] Code

Hammurabi, the JudgeHammurabi, the Judge

Babylonian MathBabylonian Math

Babylonian NumbersBabylonian Numbers