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INDIGO NEWS

by MASTER

INDIGO DYEING MACHINES DEVELOPMENT (what it takes to make the difference) The leaflet here attached that celebrates our fiftieth working year, more than the dutiful thanks to you, to our technicians and cooperators, expresses the achievement of this precious goal that we have been able to reach thanks to a philosophy that we can say is the base of our success. The construction, in 1972, of the first slasher continuous indigo dyeing machine, for denim warp chains, up to then rope dyed has revealed not only the future potentiality of this new system, but also the necessity to study in detail all its special technology. So being already established manufacturers of machines and plants for yarn dyeing on cones, beams and so on, we decided to develop also this new production and to continue to dedicate ourselves to the specific field of yarn dyeing only, placing ourselves the aim to reach, also for this new indigo dyeing machine, the excellence that had always marked our production. In order to reach this goal and since we are firmly convinced about the importance that theoretical and applied research represent the milestone for an always more advanced and efficient technology which is respectful of the environment, we are the sole manufacturer of these machine in the world to have adopted a Research & Development department equipped with creel, fractional warping, and a lab dyeing machine able to reproduce in small scale the industrial ones and moreover we do also have a well equipped chemical lab. This equipment made it possible for our technicians and qualified cooperators to perform researches, trials and tests for new concepts and allowed them to have an always deeper knowledge of the dyeing processes, through the influence of their various parameters, for the continuous updating of our machines. All this being said in addition to the active cooperation with our customers, among the most valued denim manufacturers in the world, allowed us to essentially differentiate our machines from those of our competitors, that are excellent manufacturers of standard machines, such as warping, sizing and so on, but are in no way specialized in the machines for indigo dyeing, “core” of the denim productive process.

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As no one can say to be specialized in every field, the best continuous dyeing/sizing line is the one composed by the most developed dyeing machine together with the best sizing machine, so there are gained, in two different fields, the mutual experiences and the most updated technologies. Our incomparable , and that is the most popular slasher dyeing machine in the world, can work with perfect synchronism with every type or brand of sizing machine, without mechanical coupling, but just with electric interchange to manage the safety systems and the alarms. Moreover it is the only one equipped with:

Half circular bottom and double flow, on all width (pat.) dyeing vats for an even and total bath rechange, without turbulences and with reduction in hydrosulphite consumption;

Special construction vats for each specific use and/or treatment, to get the maximum operative quality and flexibility;

Feeding of the reinforce bath to each single vat by compensate circulation system, guarantee of dyestuff concentration evenness;

Stainless steel/rubber squeezing pads with big diameter equipressure rollers, for an even squeezing at each working pressure;

mixing/circulation bath group with ponderal dosing system and hydrosulphite dissolving and set of n° 5 baskets for total filtering;

RapidSky” (pat.) oxidation enhancing devices with differentiated effect, they reduce even the yarn stress and the wastages at lot change;

Enhanced washing units “EcoWash” (Pat.) with three sections vats with half circular bottom, with guided circulation and with internal counter flow, for an effective action and sensible water saving;

dyed yarn accumulator, gravity and low tension type, without stress for the yarn itself;

Machine and colour kitchen equipped with the whole plants on board made in stainless steel;

Automatic instruments for command and monitoring (PC - PLC - Touch Screen- Modem) supported, in redundancy, by devices for the manual managing of the basic operative cycle parameters too

While , where besides tradition we added the modernity, the rationality and the completion of the IndigoFlow, is also equipped with:

front-to-front bath circulating system; Big delivery pumps for higher recycle/hour of the dyeing bath; Caustic soda and sodium hydrosulphite automatic dosing systems with special dissolving

device; Oxidisers groups with big diameters rollers, short laps and extreme ergonomics; Ground fitted colour kitchen tanks; Drying rollers groups with side housing and suction hoods for a safe working environment Our technological leadership has been further confirmed by the new (pat.) and (pat.), the most developed slasher and rope dyeing machines in the world that use the new ingenious technology, ecological and economical, of the (pat.) modules. 2/13 2

As no one can say to be specialized in every field, the best continuous dyeing/sizing line is the one composed by the most developed dyeing machine together with the best sizing machine, so there are gained, in two different fields, the mutual experiences and the most updated technologies. Our incomparable , and that is the most popular slasher dyeing machine in the world, can work with perfect synchronism with every type or brand of sizing machine, without mechanical coupling, but just with electric interchange to manage the safety systems and the alarms. Moreover it is the only one equipped with:

Half circular bottom and double flow, on all width (pat.) dyeing vats for an even and total bath rechange, without turbulences and with reduction in hydrosulphite consumption;

Special construction vats for each specific use and/or treatment, to get the maximum operative quality and flexibility;

Feeding of the reinforce bath to each single vat by compensate circulation system, guarantee of dyestuff concentration evenness;

Stainless steel/rubber squeezing pads with big diameter equipressure rollers, for an even squeezing at each working pressure;

mixing/circulation bath group with ponderal dosing system and hydrosulphite dissolving and set of n° 5 baskets for total filtering;

RapidSky” (pat.) oxidation enhancing devices with differentiated effect, they reduce even the yarn stress and the wastages at lot change;

Enhanced washing units “EcoWash” (Pat.) with three sections vats with half circular bottom, with guided circulation and with internal counter flow, for an effective action and sensible water saving;

dyed yarn accumulator, gravity and low tension type, without stress for the yarn itself;

Machine and colour kitchen equipped with the whole plants on board made in stainless steel;

Automatic instruments for command and monitoring (PC - PLC - Touch Screen- Modem) supported, in redundancy, by devices for the manual managing of the basic operative cycle parameters too

While , where besides tradition we added the modernity, the rationality and the completion of the IndigoFlow, is also equipped with:

front-to-front bath circulating system; Big delivery pumps for higher recycle/hour of the dyeing bath; Caustic soda and sodium hydrosulphite automatic dosing systems with special dissolving

device; Oxidisers groups with big diameters rollers, short laps and extreme ergonomics; Ground fitted colour kitchen tanks; Drying rollers groups with side housing and suction hoods for a safe working environment Our technological leadership has been further confirmed by the new (pat.) and (pat.), the most developed slasher and rope dyeing machines in the world that use the new ingenious technology, ecological and economical, of the (pat.) modules.

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INDIGOGENIUS/2 INDIGOGENIUS/4 M/S COVOLAN IND. TEXTIL (BRASIL) M/S TRC CANDIANI SpA (ITALY)

is an integrated dyeing module made up of a combination of a dyeing vat with a special group for dyestuff diffusion/fixation at soluble condition (leuco) in the yarn adjustable through heat activation and timing variation in inert environment. Thanks to the (pat.) the indigo and sulphur dyestuffs continuous dyeing technology takes a new form: advanced technology as a means, ecology and economical as a result, and that is “Green Dyeing” for denim of the future.

In the (pat.) modules the indigo chemical reduction is really total and perfect: the dyeing ability of leuco makes us think of a particles disintegration at nanometric level, which puts the dyeing bath in condition to penetrate and fix itself onto the fibre in a superior way if compared to the traditional system, in some cases this also allows to eliminate the fixing agent even dyeing with a higher concentration of dyestuff in the bath. Moreover during the dyeing process of sulphur dyestuffs, and of the sulphur black in particular, we can see a higher colour output which can be visually evaluated at around 40% with a higher fixing grade and even with more brightness if compared to the dyeing process performed by traditional machines. In practice, if compared to the classical indigo dyeing method, common to all traditional machines and which foresees three operating steps repeated several times consisting in: yarn soaking with dyestuff, squeezing to eliminate the bath excess contained into the yarn itself and leuco oxidation by yarn staying at air,

added a fourth intermediate operating step and that is the hot leuco diffusion/fixation for a long timing in inert environment, in this environment yarn immersion and yarn squeezing take place as well. The (pat.) and the (pat.) allowing in addition to the traditional dyeing processes other special dyeing processes, obtainables in an exclusive way thanks to the possibility to combine in different ways the physical/chemical characteristics of the dyeing bath with the mechanical/technical variables the machines are equipped; these lead in significant interaction which results are the achievement of dyeing with particular effects to manufacture new products that are original and unrepeatable with traditional machines.

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INDIGOGENIUS/2 INDIGOGENIUS/4 M/S COVOLAN IND. TEXTIL (BRASIL) M/S TRC CANDIANI SpA (ITALY)

is an integrated dyeing module made up of a combination of a dyeing vat with a special group for dyestuff diffusion/fixation at soluble condition (leuco) in the yarn adjustable through heat activation and timing variation in inert environment. Thanks to the (pat.) the indigo and sulphur dyestuffs continuous dyeing technology takes a new form: advanced technology as a means, ecology and economical as a result, and that is “Green Dyeing” for denim of the future.

In the (pat.) modules the indigo chemical reduction is really total and perfect: the dyeing ability of leuco makes us think of a particles disintegration at nanometric level, which puts the dyeing bath in condition to penetrate and fix itself onto the fibre in a superior way if compared to the traditional system, in some cases this also allows to eliminate the fixing agent even dyeing with a higher concentration of dyestuff in the bath. Moreover during the dyeing process of sulphur dyestuffs, and of the sulphur black in particular, we can see a higher colour output which can be visually evaluated at around 40% with a higher fixing grade and even with more brightness if compared to the dyeing process performed by traditional machines. In practice, if compared to the classical indigo dyeing method, common to all traditional machines and which foresees three operating steps repeated several times consisting in: yarn soaking with dyestuff, squeezing to eliminate the bath excess contained into the yarn itself and leuco oxidation by yarn staying at air,

added a fourth intermediate operating step and that is the hot leuco diffusion/fixation for a long timing in inert environment, in this environment yarn immersion and yarn squeezing take place as well. The (pat.) and the (pat.) allowing in addition to the traditional dyeing processes other special dyeing processes, obtainables in an exclusive way thanks to the possibility to combine in different ways the physical/chemical characteristics of the dyeing bath with the mechanical/technical variables the machines are equipped; these lead in significant interaction which results are the achievement of dyeing with particular effects to manufacture new products that are original and unrepeatable with traditional machines. 2/13 3

INDIGOGENIUS/2 INDIGOGENIUS/4 M/S COVOLAN IND. TEXTIL (BRASIL) M/S TRC CANDIANI SpA (ITALY)

is an integrated dyeing module made up of a combination of a dyeing vat with a special group for dyestuff diffusion/fixation at soluble condition (leuco) in the yarn adjustable through heat activation and timing variation in inert environment. Thanks to the (pat.) the indigo and sulphur dyestuffs continuous dyeing technology takes a new form: advanced technology as a means, ecology and economical as a result, and that is “Green Dyeing” for denim of the future.

In the (pat.) modules the indigo chemical reduction is really total and perfect: the dyeing ability of leuco makes us think of a particles disintegration at nanometric level, which puts the dyeing bath in condition to penetrate and fix itself onto the fibre in a superior way if compared to the traditional system, in some cases this also allows to eliminate the fixing agent even dyeing with a higher concentration of dyestuff in the bath. Moreover during the dyeing process of sulphur dyestuffs, and of the sulphur black in particular, we can see a higher colour output which can be visually evaluated at around 40% with a higher fixing grade and even with more brightness if compared to the dyeing process performed by traditional machines. In practice, if compared to the classical indigo dyeing method, common to all traditional machines and which foresees three operating steps repeated several times consisting in: yarn soaking with dyestuff, squeezing to eliminate the bath excess contained into the yarn itself and leuco oxidation by yarn staying at air,

added a fourth intermediate operating step and that is the hot leuco diffusion/fixation for a long timing in inert environment, in this environment yarn immersion and yarn squeezing take place as well. The (pat.) and the (pat.) allowing in addition to the traditional dyeing processes other special dyeing processes, obtainables in an exclusive way thanks to the possibility to combine in different ways the physical/chemical characteristics of the dyeing bath with the mechanical/technical variables the machines are equipped; these lead in significant interaction which results are the achievement of dyeing with particular effects to manufacture new products that are original and unrepeatable with traditional machines.

2/13 3

INDIGOGENIUS/2 INDIGOGENIUS/4 M/S COVOLAN IND. TEXTIL (BRASIL) M/S TRC CANDIANI SpA (ITALY)

is an integrated dyeing module made up of a combination of a dyeing vat with a special group for dyestuff diffusion/fixation at soluble condition (leuco) in the yarn adjustable through heat activation and timing variation in inert environment. Thanks to the (pat.) the indigo and sulphur dyestuffs continuous dyeing technology takes a new form: advanced technology as a means, ecology and economical as a result, and that is “Green Dyeing” for denim of the future.

In the (pat.) modules the indigo chemical reduction is really total and perfect: the dyeing ability of leuco makes us think of a particles disintegration at nanometric level, which puts the dyeing bath in condition to penetrate and fix itself onto the fibre in a superior way if compared to the traditional system, in some cases this also allows to eliminate the fixing agent even dyeing with a higher concentration of dyestuff in the bath. Moreover during the dyeing process of sulphur dyestuffs, and of the sulphur black in particular, we can see a higher colour output which can be visually evaluated at around 40% with a higher fixing grade and even with more brightness if compared to the dyeing process performed by traditional machines. In practice, if compared to the classical indigo dyeing method, common to all traditional machines and which foresees three operating steps repeated several times consisting in: yarn soaking with dyestuff, squeezing to eliminate the bath excess contained into the yarn itself and leuco oxidation by yarn staying at air,

added a fourth intermediate operating step and that is the hot leuco diffusion/fixation for a long timing in inert environment, in this environment yarn immersion and yarn squeezing take place as well. The (pat.) and the (pat.) allowing in addition to the traditional dyeing processes other special dyeing processes, obtainables in an exclusive way thanks to the possibility to combine in different ways the physical/chemical characteristics of the dyeing bath with the mechanical/technical variables the machines are equipped; these lead in significant interaction which results are the achievement of dyeing with particular effects to manufacture new products that are original and unrepeatable with traditional machines.

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The technical, ecological and economical advantages are:

Dyeing process independent from external variables; Better indigo and sulphur dyestuffs diffusion and fixation to the fiber; Higher dyeing yield (about 40% with sulphur dyestuffs); use of about the half of dyeing vats number Reduction (until -80% approx.) of caustic soda and hydrosulphite consumption Reduction of energy consumption Reduction of washing water consumption No nitrogen consumption when the machine is running (“C” type) Drastic reduction of sulphite and sulphate in the effluent waters less yarn wastages at lot change (“A/B” types) Operative flexibility increase due to the possibility to operate with high

concentrated indigo and at high temperature too.

(pat.) and (pat.) then are not only the right answer to an always changing fashion, but also to the always greater attention and sensitivity given in the whole world to ecological and environmental problems, and that is to say towards the “green” products. Denim has become an absolute “cult” without limits of use and time, since a long time it has broken ranks of basic, even if it was high quality, for join those intended for diversification of items and of comfort. But it is implied that this innovative spirit, which is always under pressure so to introduce the customer to always more attractive and exclusive solutions, shall be supported by a continuous technological evolution of the chemical and mechanical/textile fields. These fields need to be flexible and versatile in order to put in practice these new ideas and so to satisfy an always more demanding market. Surely never before as this time the denim, even interpreted in a subjective way as long as you want, has become the icon of a new age and of a new “dress up” culture. We shall never forget that beyond these “variations on the theme” of classical denim, lies a working reality based on great competence, on careful planning quality and on different skills that must be added to complement each other, as well as on a farsighted entrepreneurship aimed at renewal and continuous adjustment of the machine.

MASTER S.r.l. - Via Enrico Fermi 10 - 20846 MACHERIO (Italy) Tel : (++39) 039.20.13.066 - web: www.mastermacherio.it

Fax: (++39) 039.20.12.274 - e-mail: info@mastermacherio.it 2/13 4

The technical, ecological and economical advantages are:

Dyeing process independent from external variables; Better indigo and sulphur dyestuffs diffusion and fixation to the fiber; Higher dyeing yield (about 40% with sulphur dyestuffs); use of about the half of dyeing vats number Reduction (until -80% approx.) of caustic soda and hydrosulphite consumption Reduction of energy consumption Reduction of washing water consumption No nitrogen consumption when the machine is running (“C” type) Drastic reduction of sulphite and sulphate in the effluent waters less yarn wastages at lot change (“A/B” types) Operative flexibility increase due to the possibility to operate with high

concentrated indigo and at high temperature too.

(pat.) and (pat.) then are not only the right answer to an always changing fashion, but also to the always greater attention and sensitivity given in the whole world to ecological and environmental problems, and that is to say towards the “green” products. Denim has become an absolute “cult” without limits of use and time, since a long time it has broken ranks of basic, even if it was high quality, for join those intended for diversification of items and of comfort. But it is implied that this innovative spirit, which is always under pressure so to introduce the customer to always more attractive and exclusive solutions, shall be supported by a continuous technological evolution of the chemical and mechanical/textile fields. These fields need to be flexible and versatile in order to put in practice these new ideas and so to satisfy an always more demanding market. Surely never before as this time the denim, even interpreted in a subjective way as long as you want, has become the icon of a new age and of a new “dress up” culture. We shall never forget that beyond these “variations on the theme” of classical denim, lies a working reality based on great competence, on careful planning quality and on different skills that must be added to complement each other, as well as on a farsighted entrepreneurship aimed at renewal and continuous adjustment of the machine.

MASTER S.r.l. - Via Enrico Fermi 10 - 20846 MACHERIO (Italy) Tel : (++39) 039.20.13.066 - web: www.mastermacherio.it

Fax: (++39) 039.20.12.274 - e-mail: info@mastermacherio.it

The technical, ecological and economical advantages are:

Dyeing process independent from external variables; Better indigo and sulphur dyestuffs diffusion and fixation to the fiber; Higher dyeing yield (about 40% with sulphur dyestuffs); use of about the half of dyeing vats number Reduction (until -80% approx.) of caustic soda and hydrosulphite consumption Reduction of energy consumption Reduction of washing water consumption No nitrogen consumption when the machine is running (“C” type) Drastic reduction of sulphite and sulphate in the effluent waters less yarn wastages at lot change (“A/B” types) Operative flexibility increase due to the possibility to operate with high

concentrated indigo and at high temperature too.

(pat.) and (pat.) then are not only the right answer to an always changing fashion, but also to the always greater attention and sensitivity given in the whole world to ecological and environmental problems, and that is to say towards the “green” products. Denim has become an absolute “cult” without limits of use and time, since a long time it has broken ranks of basic, even if it was high quality, for join those intended for diversification of items and of comfort. But it is implied that this innovative spirit, which is always under pressure so to introduce the customer to always more attractive and exclusive solutions, shall be supported by a continuous technological evolution of the chemical and mechanical/textile fields. These fields need to be flexible and versatile in order to put in practice these new ideas and so to satisfy an always more demanding market. Surely never before as this time the denim, even interpreted in a subjective way as long as you want, has become the icon of a new age and of a new “dress up” culture. We shall never forget that beyond these “variations on the theme” of classical denim, lies a working reality based on great competence, on careful planning quality and on different skills that must be added to complement each other, as well as on a farsighted entrepreneurship aimed at renewal and continuous adjustment of the machine.

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2/13 4 2/13 4

MASTER S.r.l. - Via Enrico Fermi 10 - 20846 Macherio (Italy)Tel. (++39) 039.20.13.066 - web: www.mastermacherio.it

Fax (++39) 039.20.12.274 - e-mail: info@mastermacherio.it