indian ocean survey and protocol

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GLOBAL SYNOPTIC SURVEY AND PROTOCOLGLOBAL SYNOPTIC SURVEY AND PROTOCOL

INDIAN OCEANINDIAN OCEAN

ByBy

Vijayalakshmi R. NairVijayalakshmi R. Nair

ConsultantConsultant

National Institute of OceanographyNational Institute of Oceanography

KochiKochi



Assessment and evaluation of environmental parametersAssessment and evaluation of environmental parameters

and primary and secondary productivityand primary and secondary productivity

- 2,

Current surveys in Indian OceanCurrent surveys in Indian Ocean

Stratified zooplankton sampling (0Stratified zooplankton sampling (0--1000m)1000m)

from 114 stations from Indian EEZ, 2003from 114 stations from Indian EEZ, 2003--

2007, MR2007, MR--LR, Project of DOD, NIOLR, Project of DOD, NIO 91.5 92.5 93.5

10.5

11.5

12.5

13.5

Studies on biodiversity of phytoplankton and zooplanktonStudies on biodiversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton

with special emphasis on island ecosystem (Andaman sea)with special emphasis on island ecosystem (Andaman sea)

Stratified zooplankton samples (0Stratified zooplankton samples (0--300m) from300m) from

16 oceanic and 16 coastal stations, 200316 oceanic and 16 coastal stations, 2003--

2007, MR2007, MR--LR Project of DOD, NIO.LR Project of DOD, NIO.



Under sampled areaUnder sampled area

Western side of Indonesia : Significant for IndoWestern side of Indonesia : Significant for Indo--Pacific communityPacific community

Deep water collections (south of Equator) : Surfacing of meso and bathypelagic speciesDeep water collections (south of Equator) : Surfacing of meso and bathypelagic species

JGOFS (India) : Central and eastern Arabian SeaJGOFS (India) : Central and eastern Arabian Sea

Stratified zooplankton collections from 93 locationsStratified zooplankton collections from 93 locations

(0(0--1000m), 19921000m), 1992--19971997

Bay of Bengal process studies (Sequel of JGOFS) :Bay of Bengal process studies (Sequel of JGOFS) :Coastal (10 stations) and open sea (15 stations)Coastal (10 stations) and open sea (15 stations)

Stratified zooplankton collections from 0Stratified zooplankton collections from 0--1000m,1000m,

20012001--20032003

Recent surveys in Indian OceanRecent surveys in Indian Ocean



E5.E5. National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) is planning a cruise along aNational Institute of Oceanography (NIO) is planning a cruise along a transecttransect

across the Indian Ocean. Zooplankton species to be identified and preserved for across the Indian Ocean. Zooplankton species to be identified and preserved for

DNA barcoding (CMarZ contact : Ann Bucklin)DNA barcoding (CMarZ contact : Ann Bucklin)

Naqvi (Cruise Leader) informed cruise will be delayedNaqvi (Cruise Leader) informed cruise will be delayed

C6.C6. The French program OISO may provide opportunities for CMarZ sampling of The French program OISO may provide opportunities for CMarZ sampling of

zooplankton in the Indian Ocean (CMarZ contact : Colomban de Vargas)zooplankton in the Indian Ocean (CMarZ contact : Colomban de Vargas)

Status not knownStatus not known

SW Indian OceanSW Indian Ocean

A12 A12 African Coelocanth Ecology Programme off the east coast of South Africa, African Coelocanth Ecology Programme off the east coast of South Africa,20042004--20052005

A13. A13. µMadex¶ cruise south of Madagascar during February 2005µMadex¶ cruise south of Madagascar during February 2005

D1.D1. Sampling during annual fisheries stock assessment, monthly environmentalSampling during annual fisheries stock assessment, monthly environmental

monitoring cruises and dedicated research training cruises during 2008monitoring cruises and dedicated research training cruises during 2008

Specimens will be identified for DNA barcodingSpecimens will be identified for DNA barcoding

(CMarZ contact : Hans Verheye for A12, A13 & D1)(CMarZ contact : Hans Verheye for A12, A13 & D1)

Comments:Comments:

Overview of the cruises for east coast of South Africa by Hans VerheyeOverview of the cruises for east coast of South Africa by Hans Verheye

Cruise proposals for Indian Ocean, excluding off South Africa, not promisingCruise proposals for Indian Ocean, excluding off South Africa, not promising

CMarZ may plan a cruise for Indian Ocean. A few experts from India canCMarZ may plan a cruise for Indian Ocean. A few experts from India can

participate and identify species for DNA barcodingparticipate and identify species for DNA barcoding

CMarZ related cruises in Indian OceanCMarZ related cruises in Indian Ocean



Zooplankton species of Indian OceanZooplankton species of Indian Ocean

Calanoid copepodsCalanoid copepods 476 (2 new species)476 (2 new species)

ChaetognathsChaetognaths 31 (2 new species)31 (2 new species)

MedusaeMedusae 131 (2 new species)131 (2 new species)

OstracodsOstracods 3232

EuphausiidsEuphausiids 5151

PteropodsPteropods 2525

MysidsMysids 102 (34 new species including 4 new genera)102 (34 new species including 4 new genera)

Penaeid and Cariid larvae (Decapods)Penaeid and Cariid larvae (Decapods) 3838

Hyperiidae (Amphipods)Hyperiidae (Amphipods) 164164

Fish larvaeFish larvae 6060

TotalTotal 1110 (40 new species)1110 (40 new species)

Zooplankton community around Andaman waters showed dominance of copepods (59 species)Zooplankton community around Andaman waters showed dominance of copepods (59 species)

followed by chaetognaths (16 species)followed by chaetognaths (16 species)

TsunamiTsunami 20042004 inin BayBay of of BengalBengal showedshowed lowlow biomassbiomass forfor zooplanktonzooplankton.. CopepodCopepod communitycommunity

showedshowed surfacingsurfacing of of mesopelagicmesopelagic speciesspecies likelike Lophothrix Lophothrix frontalis, frontalis, Haloptilus Haloptilus spiniceps,spiniceps, Pachos Pachos

punctatum, punctatum, Mormonilla Mormonilla phasma phasma andand ConaeaConaea rapax rapax

Community StructureCommunity Structure



Biogeographic provincesBiogeographic provinces

Tropical zone

Maximum diversity

Indo-Pacific species

Subtropical zone

Cosmopolitan species

Surfacing of meso and bathypelagic species

Transitional zone

Maximum faunistic contrast, overlapping of cold & warm water species

3131 speciesspecies of of chaetognathschaetognaths occuroccur inin IndianIndian OceanOcean

TropicalTropical zonezone :: 11.. NorthNorth of of 1010°°SS withwith maximummaximum biodiversitybiodiversity

22.. PredominatedPredominated byby IndoIndo--PacificPacific speciesspecies33.. UniqueUnique inin maintainingmaintaining speciesspecies inin respectiverespective bathymetricbathymetric levellevel

SubtropicalSubtropical zonezone :: 11.. DominatedDominated byby cosmopolitancosmopolitan speciesspecies

22.. MesoMeso andand bathypelagicbathypelagic speciesspecies penetratepenetrate toto upperupper stratastrata

TransitionalTransitional zonezone :: 11.. MaximumMaximum faunisticfaunistic contrastcontrast

22.. SpeciesSpecies of of southernsouthern coldcold waterwater andand warmwarm waterswaters overlapoverlap



ContributionsContributions1.1. Laboratory based cooperating projectLaboratory based cooperating project

IIOE data : Digitized details for 1,548 zooplankton collections from entireIIOE data : Digitized details for 1,548 zooplankton collections from entire

Indian Ocean including station details, biomass, totalIndian Ocean including station details, biomass, total population, densitypopulation, density

for all taxa, 21 chaetognath species and 26 ostracod speciesfor all taxa, 21 chaetognath species and 26 ostracod species

22.. TrainingTraining coursecourse

Taxonomic identification of copepods, chaetognaths and ostracods,Taxonomic identification of copepods, chaetognaths and ostracods,

NIO, Kochi (November 2005 & April 2006)NIO, Kochi (November 2005 & April 2006)

Basic training for zooplankton analysis and identification of 54 taxa,Basic training for zooplankton analysis and identification of 54 taxa,NIO, Kochi (2006)NIO, Kochi (2006)

3.3. Awareness on CMarZ activities Awareness on CMarZ activities

Presented a paper Presented a paper

Census of Marine Zooplankton (CMarZ)Census of Marine Zooplankton (CMarZ) -- a Global Biodiversity Projecta Global Biodiversity Project

ByBy

Vijayalakshmi R. Nair and Ann BucklinVijayalakshmi R. Nair and Ann Bucklin

At At

Symposium on National Biodiversity and Ecosystem InformationSymposium on National Biodiversity and Ecosystem Information

Infrastructure : Challenges and PotentialsInfrastructure : Challenges and Potentials ± ± Jan 30 to Feb 2, 2006,Jan 30 to Feb 2, 2006,NCL, Pune, IndiaNCL, Pune, India



Popular Scientific ArticlePopular Scientific Article

Science Reporter (CSIR Publication)Science Reporter (CSIR Publication) Vol.Vol. 43 No.5, 943 No.5, 9--15, May 200615, May 2006



Taxonomic Experts from IndiaTaxonomic Experts from India

Saramma U. Panampunnayil (Mysids) : Participated in NW AtlanticSaramma U. Panampunnayil (Mysids) : Participated in NW Atlantic

cruise (April, 2006)cruise (April, 2006)

Identified 8 bathypelagicIdentified 8 bathypelagic

species. 6 species givenspecies. 6 species given

for DNA sequencingfor DNA sequencing

Lalithambika Devi, C.B. (Fish larvae) : Participated in NW AtlanticLalithambika Devi, C.B. (Fish larvae) : Participated in NW Atlantic

cruise (April, 2006)cruise (April, 2006)

Identified 43 species.Identified 43 species.

15 species given for DNA15 species given for DNA

sequencingsequencing

Rosamma Stephen (Copepoda) : Gave training in identificationRosamma Stephen (Copepoda) : Gave training in identification

during a workshop onduring a workshop on

copepods (July 2006) at AWIcopepods (July 2006) at AWI

Worked at WHOI (July 2006)Worked at WHOI (July 2006)

on species pageon species page

Paulinose, V.T.Paulinose, V.T. : Specialist for Decapod larvae: Specialist for Decapod larvae

CMarZ Network CMarZ Network



Workshop on IndOBIS (September 25Workshop on IndOBIS (September 25--26, 2006)26, 2006)

The Indian Ocean Biogeographic Information system (IndOBIS) isThe Indian Ocean Biogeographic Information system (IndOBIS) is

one of the 7 regional nodes established by OBISone of the 7 regional nodes established by OBIS

Responsible for collection, collation and dissemination of data andResponsible for collection, collation and dissemination of data and

information about biodiversity in the Indian Ocean region throughinformation about biodiversity in the Indian Ocean region through

its portalits portal http://WWW.indobis.orghttp://WWW.indobis.org

As member of SG, CMarZ introduced objectives, activities andAs member of SG, CMarZ introduced objectives, activities andachievements of CMarZ to participantsachievements of CMarZ to participants

indian ocean survey and protocol

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