THE EVOLUTION OF INDIAN CINEMA

Arthi A. KumarFacts and history of Indian Cinema

Shruti KhandelwalProfitability and Investment

Venkatesh G.Technological advancesTrendsetters

Anuj MahajanStakeholdersSocial impact and Way forward

• Cinema, or motion picture, is the art of moving images, a visual medium that tells stories and exposes reality

• Indian Cinema is world’s biggest film industry

• The biggest single mistake that non-Indian commentators (and some Indians) make is to assume that ‘Bollywood’ is the same thing as Indian Cinema. It isn’t.

What is Cinema?

Different types of cinema

235

218

190177

99

94

84

6462

1715 24

Number of movies

Hindi TeluguTamil KannadaMarathiMalayalamBengaliBhojpuriGujaratiOriyaPunjabiOthers

• History and facts of cinema

• Genres and styles• Parallel Cinema• Mainstream Commercial (or) Masala Films

• Relevance of music

• Awards

Outline

Silent Movie

(1913)

Silent Movie

(1913)

The Indian movie industry was influenced by The Lumiere brothers` whose first show was a silent movie for 10 minutes

Birth and rise of sound

Introduction of movies in regional culture

Color pictures like ‘Kisan Kanya’ were produced

Birth of sound and Color

(1930s)

Birth of sound and Color

(1930s)

Parallel Cinema

(1970s)

Parallel Cinema

(1970s)

Realistic cinemaSocial significance

and artistic sincerity

Revenge was a dominating theme in 1970s

Romance and Indian family system

Patronizing Indian tradition and heritage

Problems faced by an ordinary citizen

Commercialization

1980s and 90s

Commercialization

1980s and 90s

InnovationInnovation

Stages of development in Indian Cinema

• International• Oscar Awards• BAFTA (British Academy of Film and Television Arts)• Cannes• Golden Globe Awards

• National• National Film Awards• Dadasaheb Phalke Award• Filmfare Awards• IIFA Awards

Awards

Profitability & Investments

PROFITABILITYDoubled in size in the last 4 years and is projected to

double again by 2012.

Growth over the yearsGood quality films deliver profits even before they

are released. Internationally Indian cinema reaches more than

30 countries .The business follows global trends and remains

relatively unaffected during times of recession.Highest theatre admission in the world (3.29

billion).In 2010, Indian box office revenues touched $1.8

billion

Reasons for cinema industry’s growth

Economic and personal income-linked factors

Low media penetration in lower socio-economic classes.

Liberalizing foreign investment regime

Investments

The Indian government granted the film business industry status in 2002.

India has been a preferred destination for global and Indian corporate.

Major international film studios like Sony, Warner, Universal, Disney, Viacom and Fox in the process of setting up operations & entering the film production sector in India.

Barriers to investmentsPiracy

Lack of a uniform media policy for foreign investment.

Merging of the FII and FDI caps

Tax treatment of foreign broadcasting companies

Employment India's burgeoning film and television industry

created nearly 1.8 million jobs according to a new report released by PricewaterhouseCoopers.

Technology in CinemaGame Changers

Movie Making

Silent Movie

The Talkies

Colour Cinema

The 3D effect

Digitalizing

Promotion Strategies

Bit Notices

Posters and Cut-outs

Trailer

Radio and Television

Social Media

The Game ChangersDadasaheb PhalkeSatyajit RayShyam BenegalAdoor GopalakrishnanMani Ratnam

Movies Across BordersParallel Cinema

• Apu Trilogy• Mani’s

Trilogy• Elements

Trilogy

Commercial Cinema

• Chandralekha

• Sholay• DDLJ• Lagaan• Magadheer

a

InfluencersAncient Epics and Sanskrit DramaTraditional Folk TheatresRegional Politics Western Cinema

Indian Cinema – Impacts

StakeHolders

Cast & Crew

Film-Makers

Music Company

Service Suppliers

Theatre Audience

Theatre Owners

Insurance Company

Audience

Stakeholders

Equipment Manufactur

er

AdvantagesBig Revenue generator. ($ 1.8 billion in 2008)Instructive and Informative.Provides a very good insight. E.g. – Epic, War Movies.Very beneficial for illiterate people, giving them a chance

to have and give opinions.One of the most effective method of exposing social

evils.Can be used for establishing mutual international

understanding and paving the way for permanent world peace.

DisadvantagesGrossly underpaid crew leading to job dissatisfaction.Huge losses due to lack of good scripts and

consequent failure of the movie.Lot of objectionable content for some audience.Less time spent on reading, with family, on

introspection. Youth being the most vulnerable, gets detached from

the dismal realities of life.Giving people new ideas to commit crimes.

e.g. – Dhoom Gang

The Way ForwardA merger of commercial and parallel cinema.Government aid by way of subsidy, tax reduction,

encouragement to talented artists and technicians.Animated movies - The next big thing.Lot of emphasis on overseas audience, NRIs.Strict regulations against piracy (piracy results in annual

losses of around $ 1 billion).Infrastructure development in tier – 2 & 3 cities.Co-production with foreign production houses, helping in

evolution of cinema due to increased global exposure.

Thank you