India before the British

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I N D U S V A L L E Y C I V I L I Z A T I O N

W H A T W E K N O W

INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATIONWHAT WE KNOW

• They had a writing system in place: which we can’t decipher

• Amazing cities: dense homes

• Streets to navigate & neighborhoods

• Government & zoning

• Cities were built with care

• Clean

• Gravity could carry waste & water away from the homes

• They had plumbing & sewage

• They traded with coins: exports & imports

• Indus Valley was a peaceful people- little evidence of warfare &almost no weapons.

• It declined because of: conquest, environmental disasters, earthquake?

POINT BEING…

INDIA DID NOT JUST

START WITH THE BRITISH

IN THE 1600s!

INDIA#25

H I S T O R I C A L U N D E R S T A N D I N G S

S S 7 H 3 : A N A L Y Z E C O N T I N U I T Y A N D C H A N G E I N S O U T H E R N A N D E A S T E R N A S I A

a . D E S C R I B E H O W N A T I O N A L I S M L E D T O I N D E P E N D E N C E I N I N D I A

b . D E S C R I B E T H E I M P A C T O F M O H A N D A S G A N D H I ’ S B E L I E F I N N O N - V I O L E N T P R O T E S T

GET OUT YOUR SURFACE TABLETS & WITH YOUR PARTNER START TO COMPLETE

YOUR NOTES!

Naylork.weebly.com- #25 •Make sure you chat where it asks you to chat…

•& answer the questions when it asks you to

answer them! ☺

•All of the things that you need to write will be in

orange.

1601• Great Britain came to India

through the East India Trading Company to set up trading forts.

• They were looking to trade goods

• EX: (ivory, gold, silks, dyes) and spices (cinnamon, saffron, pepper, sugar, vanilla).

1760•Britain had

gained political

and economic

power over

India.

Inequality• Indians began to resent being ruled by a foreign government.

•They were treated as second-class citizens.1. The best jobs and education were only available to the British.

2. Indians were also taxed heavily by the British on goods that were found in their own country. (ex: salt, tea)

1800’S

• In the 1800s, nationalism began to surface in India.

– Nationalism is a belief that people should be loyal to those with whom they share common history and customs.

• The first two groups to work for the rights of Indians were the Indian National Congress in 1885 and the Muslim League in 1906.

– As they became better organized, they began to call for independence from Britain.

WWI’s Impact •During WWI (1914-1918) millions of Indians

joined the British army.

•The British Parliament promised when war

ended, Indians would be able to have more

control of their government.

•Nothing changed after the war.Turn & Talk: What do you think the Indian people should do at this point? Why?

Indian Troops During WWI

Amritsar- 1919

• Many Indians upset with the British false

promises.

– protesters were arrested and sent to jail

for up to two years without a trial.

• At the Temple of Amritsar, British soldiers

started shooting at a large group of Indians

because they were gathering illegally.

– Over 400 people were killed and 1200

were injured.

• This massacre spurred Mohandas Gandhi

into action to fight for India’s independence.

Jallianwala Memorial –Amritsar

Gandhi • 1869: Mohandas Gandhi was born in India

on October 2nd, 1869 and studied law in

England.

• 1914: After spending time in South Africa

during Apartheid, he returned to India in

1914 with a determination that people

should be treated equally, no matter their

race or religion.

– He was shocked by the way Indians

were segregated and oppressed by

British authorities.

Click on image

Gandhi continued…

• After Amritsar, Gandhi decided to

quit practicing law and to devote

his life to fighting for the equality

of all Indians.

– He believed it was time for the

people of India to stop obeying

the unjust British laws. (civil

disobedience)

Gandhi’s Beliefs• Civil disobedience- disobeying

unjust laws

• Gandhi encouraged his followers to practice nonviolent protests against the British in order to bring about social change.

• He believed through civil disobedience the world would see the injustice in India and force change without using violence.

• Gandhi believed that acts of goodness produced positive reactions while violence only produced negative ones.

1930- Social Change • Gandhi led his followers in

boycotts, hunger strikes, and

nonviolent protests.

• 1930 Salt March: Gandhi led a

march to close a British salt

factory, the guards responded by

beating the peaceful protestors.

• News of this event spread

worldwide and people around the

world began to call for the British

to grant Indian independence.

WATCH THIS VIDEO ON THE SALT MARCH…

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G1_D

m1ZjRAM

1947- Independence • Many Indians followed

Gandhi’s nonviolent acts of

protest

• After WWII, Britain no longer

had enough money or people

to keep India under its rule.

• On August 15, 1947, Britain

formally gave up their colonial

claims to India and the

Republic of India was

established.

After Independence• Even though India had won its

independence, India was not peaceful.

– Hindus and Muslims could not reach a solution as to how to rule an independent India.

• Eventually, the country was split into India for the Hindus and East & West Pakistan for the Muslims.

• The partition of India led to genocide.

– Knowingly killing an ethnic group Hundreds of thousands of people were killed in widespread violence.

October 1947

1948- Gandhi •Gandhi was very disappointed by the partition; he

wanted all Indians to live together peacefully in

one country.

–Even though he was Hindu, he felt that all religious

groups should be welcomed in India.

• In 1948, at the age of 78, Mohandas Gandhi was

assassinated on his way to a prayer meeting in

New Delhi.

WATCH THIS VIDEO ON INDIA & PAKISTAN 30 YEARS LATER…

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngTO_V-tcew

COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TICKET OUT

THE DOORS PART 1 & PART 2 ON THE BACK OF

YOUR #25

CHOOSE YOUR OWN TICKET OUT THE DOOR- PART 1

•Describe how

nationalism led to

independence in India.

Be sure to use specific

examples from your

notes to support your

answer. (4-5 sentences)

•Create a propaganda

poster that supports

Indian independence

from Britain. Be sure to

use a slogan and a symbol

that explains why India

wanted independence.

CHOOSE YOUR OWN TICKET OUT THE DOOR- PART 2

•Describe the impact of

Mohandas Gandhi’s belief

in non-violent protest.

Be sure to use specific

details from your notes

to support your answer.

(4-5 sentences)

• Write a poem or song

that you believe the Indian

people could have sang

with Gandhi as they

protested. Be sure to use

specific events and beliefs

of Gandhi’s in your lyrics.