independence movements
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Independence Movements. China: Civil War. Agenda 3/20/14. Warm-up and Review Homework Quiz on World War II Notes on China Civil War Venn Diagram Homework- Reading Guide on Cold War Syrian Civil War. Chinese Civil War (1927-1949). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Independence Independence MovementsMovements
China: Civil WarChina: Civil War
Agenda 3/20/14Agenda 3/20/14
Warm-up and Review HomeworkWarm-up and Review Homework Quiz on World War IIQuiz on World War II Notes on China Civil WarNotes on China Civil War Venn DiagramVenn Diagram Homework- Reading Guide on Cold War Homework- Reading Guide on Cold War Syrian Civil War
Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)
1912 – 1912 – NationalistsNationalists overthrew the Qing dynasty overthrew the Qing dynasty which had ruled which had ruled China China since 1644since 1644
1912 – 1912 – Sun Yixian Sun Yixian became the President of became the President of China (goals – end to foreign control, China (goals – end to foreign control, democracydemocracy, and economic security for all , and economic security for all Chinese) – ineffective leaderChinese) – ineffective leader
1913 – Yuan Shikai (a powerful general) 1913 – Yuan Shikai (a powerful general) became President of China – ruled as a became President of China – ruled as a military military dictatordictator (sparked (sparked revoltsrevolts throughout China – throughout China – period of instability)period of instability)
Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)
May 4, 1919 May 4, 1919 (May Fourth Movement) – After (May Fourth Movement) – After hearing about the Versailles Treaty, many hearing about the Versailles Treaty, many students, workers, manufacturers, shopkeepers, students, workers, manufacturers, shopkeepers, and professionals protested Western and professionals protested Western influence/influence/democracydemocracy in China and opted for in China and opted for Lenin’s brand of Lenin’s brand of Soviet communismSoviet communism
While the Communist Party was forming, Sun While the Communist Party was forming, Sun Yixian and his Yixian and his Nationalist Party Nationalist Party set up a set up a government in government in South ChinaSouth China
1911 Revolution
Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)Chinese Civil War (1927-1949)
April 1927 – April 1927 – Chiang Kai-shek Chiang Kai-shek and the and the Nationalists attacked the Nationalists attacked the CommunistsCommunists in in ShanghaiShanghai
1928 – Chiang Kai-shek became 1928 – Chiang Kai-shek became President of the President of the Nationalist Republic of Nationalist Republic of ChinaChina
1927-1949 – 1927-1949 – Civil War Civil War between between NationalistsNationalists and and Communists Communists
NationalistsNationalists
Leader - Leader - ChiangChiang Kai-shek Kai-shek Area Ruled - Area Ruled - Southern Southern ChinaChina Foreign Support - Foreign Support - United StatesUnited States Public Support - Public Support - Weak due to Weak due to inflationinflation
and failing economyand failing economy Military Organization - Military Organization - Ineffective, Ineffective,
corruptcorrupt leadership and poor leadership and poor moralemorale
CommunistsCommunists
Leader -Leader - Mao Mao ZedongZedong Area Ruled -Area Ruled - NorthernNorthern China China Foreign Support -Foreign Support - Soviet UnionSoviet Union Public Support -Public Support - Strong Strong due to due to
promised land reformpromised land reform Military Organization -Military Organization -
Experienced, motivated Experienced, motivated guerilla guerilla armyarmy
Two Chinas EmergeTwo Chinas Emerge
China had split into China had split into twotwo nations – Island of nations – Island of Taiwan (Taiwan (Nationalist ChinaNationalist China) and the ) and the People’s Republic of China People’s Republic of China (mainland (mainland China)China)
Chiang Kai-shek Chiang Kai-shek – ruler of Nationalist – ruler of Nationalist ChinaChina
Mao Zedong Mao Zedong – ruler of People’s Republic – ruler of People’s Republic of China of China
Great Leap Forward (1958-Great Leap Forward (1958-1960)1960)
abandonabandon the Soviet model of economic the Soviet model of economic developmentdevelopment
people’s communespeople’s communes ••unrealistic output targetsunrealistic output targets industryindustry agricultural and human disasteragricultural and human disaster
Great Leap Forward
Cultural Revolution Cultural Revolution
Mao’s goal was to get rid of Mao’s goal was to get rid of privilege privilege ruling ruling class class
Mao issued reforms meant to Mao issued reforms meant to erase all erase all traces traces of of Western Western InfluenceInfluence
Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution Cultural Revolution
Mao’s Mao’s Little Red BookLittle Red Book, a collection of , a collection of teachings on communism, became a teachings on communism, became a popular symbol of the Cultural popular symbol of the Cultural RevolutionRevolution
The whole plan failed miserably in The whole plan failed miserably in advancing China socially or advancing China socially or economicallyeconomically
After Mao’s DeathAfter Mao’s Death
Xeng Xeng DiapongDiapong Took over after Took over after Mao’s DeathMao’s Death Reformed China’s economy to a Reformed China’s economy to a market market
economyeconomy Continued Continued communist control communist control of of
governmentgovernment