in search of a common transatlantic "whole-of-government" approach to peace-building processes in...

8/9/2019 In Search of a Common Transatlantic "Whole-of-Government" Approach to Peace-Building Processes in Africa: The

1/44

Economic Policy PaPEr SEriES 2010

IN SEARCH OF A COMMON TRANSATLANTIC

WHOLE-OF-GOVERNMENT APPROACH

TO PEACE-BUILDING PROCESSES IN AFRICA

(The Case of Sudan)

TIMOTH OTHIENO AND VITA SEBEk1


2/44

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3/44

In Search o a Common ransatlanticWhole-O-Government Approach

to Peace-Building Processes in Arica

(the Case o Sudan)

August 2010

O V Sbk

Abb

Ex S 3

I 5

D W--G A

P-B 8

I 8

U S 9

3 U K 4 E U 5

3 D P w E I-G C 9

4 F P P: A W--G

A S

4 I

4 US I S

43 UK E S 3

44 EU S E P 4

45 J I D S 6

5 C 9

6 R 3

7 E 33


4/44

Abbreviations

AFRICOM U S A CAGOA A Gw O A

APF A P F

AU A U

CFSP C F S P

CHASE C, H S

D

CJTF-HOA Cb J k F-H

A

CPA C P A

CPP C P PCRC C R C

DAC D A C

DED D Ewk

(G D A)

DFID UK D I

D

DG D G

DOD D D

DPA D P A

EEAS E Ex A SESDP E S D

P

ESFP E S F

P

EU E U

FCO F Cw O

ICAF I- C A

Fwk

IGAD I-G A

D

JMST J M S

GoSS G S S

IPF IGAD P F

JAM J A M

JDO J D OJAM J A M

JHA J H A

JMA J M C

MDGs M D G

MDTFs M D F

MOD M D

NATO N A Oz

NGO N Oz

NIF N I F

NSC N S C

NSS N S S

OECD Oz E

C D

PBP P-B P

PEPFAR P E P AIDS

R

PMI P M I

PSA Pb S A

RRM R R M

S/CRS O C

R D

SPLA S P Lb A

SPLM S P Lb M

U.K. U K

UN U N

UNAMID A U/U N

M D

UNDP U N D

P

UNITAF U k F

U.S. U S

USAID US A I

D

WOG W G


5/44

In Search o a Common ransatlantic Whole-O-GovernmentApproach to Peace-Building Processes in Arica

3

Executive Summary

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6/44

Economic Policy Paper Series 20104

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7/44


5

Introduction1

Peace-building h

received growing

international

attention,

especially over

the past decade,

as a shifting

constellation

of international

and regional

organizations,

national

governments, an

non-governmenta

organizations

has conducted a

series of comple

peace-building

operations aimed

at stabilizing

countries just

emerging from

periods of

internal war.

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8/44


Many donor-

supported peace-

building processes

in Africa have

been fraught

with challengesand complexities,

including lack of

donor cooperation,

and have

consequently

lost their way.

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9/44


7

The transatlantic

donors have long

recognized this

need and have

made efforts

to improve

government-wide

coherence in the

approaches to

peace-building

(e.g. intra-

government

coordination,

which is also

referred to as

the Whole of

Government

(WOG) approach)

as well as in

terms of creating

opportunities for

donor cooperatio

in peace-building

processes.

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10/44


2.1 IntroductionThe 2007 OECD Principles for Good

International Engagement in Fragile States

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Transatlantic Donors and their

Whole-of-Government Approaches to

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11/44


9

The U.S.

government has

made several

efforts to apply

the WOG approa

to its dealings

with conflict and

fragile states in

terms of policy

coherence and

intra-government

cooperation.

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12/44


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13/44


11

The challenges

remain, the main

one being the

absence of a tru

comprehensive

policy framework

strategy to

encompass the

relevant policies,

tools, and actors

to mainstream th

WOG approach

in peace-building

activities of the

U.S. government.

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14/44


15/44


13

DFIDs most

recent policy

document entitle

Eliminating

World Poverty:

Building our

Common Future

from 200946

addresses the lin

between various

dimensions of

peace-building.

Among other

things, the

document

stresses

prevention as

the best way to

stem conflicts

and create the

conditions for

sustained growth

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16/44


The United

Kingdoms WOG

approach to

peace-building is

further underlined

by two inter-departmental

financing

instruments,

namely the

Conflict

Prevention Pool

(CPP) and the

Stabilization

Aid Fund.

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17/44


15

More work is

also needed on

aligning the FCO,

DFID, and MODs

understandings o

fragile states and

national security

interests with the

goal of supportin

sustainable

development in

fragile states, an

their analytical

frameworks.55

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18/44


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19/44


17

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The EUs approac

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tackled by milita

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20/44


The main obstacle

to a greater EU

policy coherence

still lies in the

fundamental

separationbetween inter-

governmental

nature of CFSP

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Commissions

collaborative

perception of

development work.

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21/44


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Transatlantic Donor Policies

Toward an Enhanced Inter-Government

Cooperation3

Transatlantic

donors have

highlighted

cooperation with

other donors

and internationa

organizations as

key to achieving

their foreign poli

objectives and

have made some

attempts at bette

coordination

of their peace-

building policies.


22/44


23/44


21

4.1 IntroductionP b-

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US

From Policy to Practice: The

Application of The Whole-of-

Government Approach in Sudan4


24/44


Since 2005, the

U.S. government

had provided more

than $6 billion

in assistance,

addressinghumanitarian

needs (including

food), economic

growth, (re)

building of

infrastructure,

and delivery of

services such

as health and

education,

financed throughUSAID.

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USAID DOS,

b -

-b bk

b S,

D, b , E S

D

S ,

US

I Ob 9, US w Sudan strategy79

-

, b

S W H

S z k bw

D q

C P A (CPA)

I w S,

US w b

bj, w US

:

helpingtoachieveadefinitiveendtoconflict,

b,

D b

w

,

, ;

supportingtheimplementationoftheCPA

A,

,

- w- ;

ensuringthatSudandoesnotprovideasafe

W U.S. Special Envoy for Sudan

US S ,

-

w

, UN A U

(AU)8

I S , Ob

w b -

, DOD

U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM).

b , w w b

7, k US bj-

A wk w A

(b-) z

b I w, - Ob

A,

A , b -

A ,

- , b

8

A , AFRICOM

N D S

WOG b wk w

US w

W AFRICOM b - ,

, DOD,

DOS, USAID,

AFRICOM

US -

bj


25/44


23

- DOD- -, - -

b, ,

, 8

I S, AFRICOM

US

k -

S b z SPLM

b w

CPA A ,

US A F AFRICOM

k D

D

S , W

S

A US

US

S US I

U S CPA

S w -

, b

w S

US - k b

-M S w US

bw S E S DOS

w w K O

, DOS w k - k

S, S

b

D, w O

S E S w k w

k w

4.3 The U.K. Engagement in Sudan

UK S b -

z b bw DFID,

MOD, FCO b

, , , j I b

U K

S , w

Special Representative in Sudan, w

b j FCO/DFID Sudan Unit,

w FCO, w , b

, MOD S U w

UK

S -

S U A CPP UK S

IGAD- AU

D

xb S U b

bw -

,

bw

I Africa

Greater Horn Department ( DFID

; w w :

E C A; W S

A), w -, Department for Overseas Military

Aid/Defense Policy Directorate MOD

w- -

83

I 5, w DFID engagement strat-

egy for Sudan, UK S

j ,

M D

G (MDG) , UK

w :

meethumanitarian,recovery,andreintegration

b ;

provideassistancetoimplementthepeace

b bz

b k;


26/44


supportthedevelopmentofeffectivegovernance;

supportthedevelopmentandimplementationof

- 84

S , bj w -

b -

CPA

D P A (DPA)

CPA

k A , b -b,

(

j w),

SPLA

,

- -

A , UK

x D

wk b

-k

b , UK

$667 S bw

7, $ 8-

9 w , MDF,

UN C H F, k

A CPP (w kw CPP)

w S

H A w ( 75 )85

Sbz U b w

S w , D

D C, w

b- -b

w

D bw ,

q -

, bw FCO

DFID, Cb A UK

, b

b S WDFID S,

FCO b w

b b I

C J F, UK

S U,

UK S , -

w w

w w-:

w US

EU ,

w b

S

4.4 The EUs Sudan Engagement Policy

EU ,

, A

EU S A 5,86 w

C C P -

, , 587The

EU Strategy for Africa

A , b :

P, , w

EU w ,

A

, b

M, EU

wk w b b

,

,

,

z

E w b

A b b

k

3 S , b

b b

The EUs current

approach to

conflict prevention,

management,

and resolution in

Africa is reflectedin its EU Strategy

for Africa from

2005,86 as well

as in the Council

Common Position

on conflict

prevention,

management,

and resolution

from 2005.


27/44


25

b ,

b

,

b

, k

5 C C P88

b b z

w EU A -

, b -

A b- -b

b A , w EU

b-

, w -b-

b C P

EU CFSP, EU

C , b EU

b w b

bw EU b

I b w

UN, AU, A b- z,

w , U S

b EU wk w

6 EU regional political partnership for

peace, security, and development in the Horn

of Africa89 bj

b H A, w

S, q

MDG EU

, k

b-

b , -

I w EU x

C R S

P b C A9

B b , EU

-

-b S kw wk

C A EU

S :

disbursingaidforrecoveryandrehabilitation

S w- ;

supportingtheimplementationoftheCPA

z;

supportinginternationalmediationeffortsto

bw N S, bw D

;

maintainingdialoguewithKhartoum,the

G S S (GSS),

EU 5 -

S 5,

- , b, -

, 64

3 A , S -b EDF

8-3 3 ,

M 8 S C, S

G

C A9 I , -

b

EU

EDF, w,

African Peace Facility (APF), b 4

A -b

-b, ,

I w, APF

A U

M S (AMIS), k b

A- b

APF, 35 A EC

Instrument for Stability

The EU has

committed over

500 million for

development

assistance to

Sudan since

2005, covering

post-conflict

recovery,

rehabilitation,

and developmen

activities, and

640 million for

humanitarian

assistance

since 2003.


28/44


(IfS) w -b - D UN-

F A U-U N J

M S (JMS) D

F w j

AU UN z

D, -

A /

C

S, EU /-

S - w CFSP, w

C

S 99, E C

w S -

b b

, -

F x, 994

EU UN b

S, w CFSP

EU

J 4 M 5 -

b, w w w

UN S C R 59

O EU k w

CFSP EU

S q w EU

Special Representative for Sudan 5,

EU b D 4,

- ESDP -

AMIS J 5 Db 7,

w AMIS w

j AU/UN M D (UNAMID)

F, E C

R R M (RRM),9 -

IS, Nb

M , b C

CFSP

A EU k S,b -b ,

b

S b,93 k

b

E C w

EU w

A w,

EU w

, -

- -b

w W EU - OECD-DAC

,

bw EU

b

4.5 Joint Involvement of Transatlantic

Donors in Sudan

j -

w -b

S

w b w

z

bj A ,

S U K -

w-

-- -

w U S

, b EU

A w -

S b

A , z

S b

E H A ,

EU U K

Since lack

of sufficient

coordination

among the

activities of

member statesand the European

Commission was

highlighted as a

challenge the EU

needs to deal with

in the near future.


29/44


27

b- z

S, AU IGAD

k b

A

w b b

, , -

bz

bj -

S b

CPA,

b b D, w GSS -

S

Bw x

j -b

S w

k

S U K, U S,

Nw wk

IGAD- w

G S

SPLM wk w

A - w

I , k D w

b ,

CPA, US

S E S z

F S CPA, -

k ( U S, U

K, Nw CPA -

) M

, U S, EU, U

K w C, F,

R ( - E6 ) j

S

UN/AU w b

D, b k S,

CPA

S E6 b

S

94

I -CPA , -

b F,

U S, U K,

EU w N Nw

UN W

Bk

wk I , UN W

Bk k Joint Assessment Mission

(JAM) S

- (x

CPA w ) -

Framework for Sustained

Peace, Development, and Poverty Eradication,

w w b b

, w ,

S,

bw

bw k

A JAM, w MDTFs w

b CPA , K

, GSS A

b MDF

O D C 5

$45 b, b w z w , -

b W Bk

q

b 95

The main commo

objective regardin

the transatlantic

donors involveme

in Sudan is

undoubtedly

supporting the fu

implementation o

the CPA, bringing

peace and stabil

to Darfur, as well

as strengthening

the institutions

of the GoSS

and supporting

security sector

reform in

southern Sudan.


30/44


A w w b

6, w

U K b :

C, Dk, N, Nw,

Sw b Joint Donor

Office Jb

G S S

MDF

b x A

b

GSS , -

M U,

S , -

, , -

w S,

,

b , w96

J D O x x

S O b

: bw

bj (

K S S w

U S w

); -

( b

, bz, -

); x b bw

(D DG DG Ex R; DOS

USAID); x S

q ( w S b-

)97


31/44


29

b k

b -

- w

x k -b

A A

q ,

, ,

z

WOG -b

A

WOG -

b b x b A

bw b b,

b w

,

-b -

- -

, w bj

Bw

A

-b w

x B U

K U S z

b b , w

EU z

w wk w

b Hw, w

EU

b -

, U S

- bz

w

US U K

w bw,

-b

b

EU 98

S j k ,

,

w

A b

b b WOG

,

z

wk N,

z b

, ,

b xb b

, ,

, x

UK Cb O US x b

b A

-b w

k

w k

3 A z

- bz

-

, b

w Hw,

U K,

U S, w w

bk

b Hw, -

b b

4 I b U K U

S, w

FCO DOS,

Conclusion5


32/44


I U S,

P

b

w ,

, w U

K, DFID k

-b/

b

k w ,

F

x, w DFID ,USAID US

w USAID A

S S A

x

,

w

/

b w k -

5 A

-

, b

w w

,

q

, , 99

- B

, b q wk

,

WOG -b

E w,

w b b q

w q

k b w

6 A , S, w

-

-b

, U K CPP,

EU , U

S S/SRC A ,

z ,

,

A b

w b, S,

b

k j I S, b ,

w

j JAM MDF,

w

, J D O

Hw, ,

b ,

w , b


33/44


31

B w - w A ,

S , -

WOG -

-b

w b

I WOG -

b ,

R The governments of transatlantic donors

should be encouraged to adopt a national

policy framework, w w

,

-b

S w b

w : w

b -

-b ,

S,

wk w /

w

-b

w

R S wk b compre-

hensive b

(,

, ) -b

w WOG ,

w flexible -

b A ,

bb

R3 A , wk several dilemmas for national

governments regarding WOG approach to

peace-building:

balancingnationalinterestsversusfragile

;

takinganincrementalapproachoranambi- -

;

institutionalizingaWOGapproachorrelying

/ - -

-- b;

coordinatingpoliciesatthehighestlevelor

WOG ;

poolingfinancialresourcesorusingindi-

b

R4 Donors should be encouraged to work

toward providing sufficient incentives for

the adoption of an integrated approach to

peace-building in fragile states in order to

avoid competition and tensions between the

relevant government departments B

bw

b b b-

w

-b wk,

w b - I ,

b -

z

k A , -

(- )

bw

R

-b A

, b :

R5 The efficient and continuous coordination

bw k

k within a permanent

common framework -

z UN

Recommendations6


34/44


x w - ,

bw ,

/

I , w b

bj UN -

b , x,

R6 w

-b

b w -

A

w -b

, national development strategies of

recipient states could provide a common

focus for all the donors in the absence of joint

donor engagement strategies.

R7 A , -

b

the long-term support for regional or

sub-regional African organizations involved

in peace-building, w

R8 I b -b

wk, ad-hoc cooperation bw

, w

UN -b ,

k S -

modest initiatives

- , elaborate opera-

tions b

S -

bw

w

-b

R9 G b

w

-b

, -b -

w b joint initia-

tives, b x

complementary initiatives/programs


35/44


33

Endnotes7 A w w, O w

H C

Pb A D I

D (DFID) U K V Sbk

w x A

I , -b

, ,

, ,

, k F ,

3 R P D Sk, Te Dilemmas o

Statebuilding Conronting the Contradictions o Postwar Peace

Operations (Nw Yk: R P, 8)

4 U N,An Agenda or Peace Preventive

diplomacy, peacemaking and peace-keeping(A/47/77 - S/4,

7 J 99), ://www/D/SG/

( )

5 OECD, D C D

D A C,Mainstreaming Conict

Prevention: Peacebuilding Overview,Issues Bries (P: OECD

DAC, 5), :/www/3/8/ 353436 (

49) S OECD, D C

D, T D A C, Principles

or Good International Engagement in Fragile States and

Situations (P: OECD DAC, A 7), ://www/

/ 6/45/3836874 ( )

6 A R M, S-B P A Nw

P I E P-C F

S? P ransorming Political Structures:

Security, Institutions, and Regional Integration Mechanisms

Wk, E R D, F,

I 6-7 A 9

7 R P D Sk, Te Dilemmas o

Statebuilding Conronting the Contradictions o Postwar Peace

Operations (Nw Yk: R P, 8)

8 T b

-b A , ,

9 S W, H-J S, W M

P S S: w C C

I Diplomacy, Development and Deense: A Paradigm or Policy

Coherence, S W, H-J S, W

M (B S, 9), 7

T

; w, WOG

b

w A ,

bw

b,

b ,

, bk

A x -b

w b x

-

F bw

b

, , , k

A US ,

b w DOD ,

DOS USAID F x, DOD

b

DOS USAID,

x q

3 S D Ww, S Bw: NGO

M H C, International Journal o Peace

Studies 7, (A-W ), 35-56; H-W

J, Peacebuilding in Postconict Societies, (B, C:

L R Pb, 5), 98

4 S W, H-J S, W M,

P S S: w C C,

Diplomacy, Development and Deense: A Paradigm or PolicyCoherence, S W, H-J S, W

M (B S, 9), 49

5 W M B Mk B S US S

A A, U.S. Arica Policy beyond the Bush

Years Critical Challenges or the Obama Administration,

J G Ck, S J M (W

DC, C S I S, 9), S

N B, R T-L S: W

Gb D M A W

Nx P S D Ab I, Te White House and

the World A Global Development Agenda or the Next U.S.

President, N B (W: C Gb

D, 8), 46 Sw Pk K Bw, Greater Tan the

Sum o its Parts? Assessing Whole o Government Approaches

to Fragile States (Nw Yk: I P A,

7), 3


36/44


7 U S T W H, Te National Security

Strategy o the United States o America (Sb ),

:///w/US (

)

8 T b-S A $3

b $66 b 6 S P N L,

US F A P A, U.S.

Arica Policy beyond the Bush Years Critical Challenges or the

Obama Administration, J G Ck S J

M (W DC, C S I

S, 9), A W M B, Mk

B S US S A A, U.S.

Arica Policy beyond the Bush Years Critical Challenges or the

Obama Administration, J G Ck, S J

M (W DC, C S IS, 9), 5-6

9 US T W H, Te National Security Strategy

o the United States o America (M 6), ://www

// (

), 5

T US -

b (- ),

x -b

US D D, National Deense Strategy

W DC, J 8 ://www/ w/

8%N%D%S (

)

E, x

,

,

A

, z WOG

b S US

D A, Hq, Stability Operations

Field Manual No. 03-07(W DC: D

A, 6 Ob 8), :///CAC/

R/ FM37/FM3-7 ( 4)

3 T Q D Rw

bj US

, : P US

q , , , w , w ,

, b

b S US D

D, Quadrennial Deense Review (W DC,

Fb ), ://www/q/QDR%%

%9JAN%6 ( 3)

4 D Ck , Donors and the Fragile States

Agenda: A Survey o Current Tinking and Practice Report

submitted to the Japan I Cooperation Agency

(L: ODI, M 6), ://wwwk//

w/37 ( )

5 T USAID wk f ,

: ,

, ,

, b

Hw, b

w F A Fwk

S P 7- S US A I

D, Policy Framework or Bilateral Foreign Aid

Implementing ransormational Diplomacy through Development

(USAID, J 6), ://www//_wk_j6 ( 3)

6 T wk w w

b ,

w- ,

w , b

I

USAID DOS

B wk,

f, , w

Sz P S

Df - z

DOS/USAID

7 MCC w b 4 b US C , k w

w- ,

, ,

z, b

w

8 Sw Pk K Bw, Greater Tan the Sum o

its Parts? Assessing Whole o Government Approaches to Fragile

States (Nw Yk: I P A, 7), 3, 37

9 US A I D, Fragile

States Strategy (USAID, J 5), ://www/

/5___ ( 3)


its Parts? Assessing Whole o Government Approaches to FragileStates (Nw Yk: I P A, 7), 384

3 F x, w w S/CRS -

w , DOD- D 35

M S Sb, S, ,

R (SSR) O Nb 5,

b US


37/44


35

DOD w b w f

q b


its Parts? Assessing Whole o GovernmentApproaches to Fragile

States (Nw Yk: I P A, 7), 4

33 Ib

34 J B Aw, M P MP, Aw

N, A D: Mk F A M

E , Foreign Aairs, 87:6 (Nb/Db

8) ://www/b//F_A-

Aw_N_MP ( 3)

35 Foreign Assistance and Development in a New Era,

b S R G L S I

D A G D, J 8, :////?=389 (

3)

36 OECD, D C D,

D A C, United States Development

Assistance Committee (DAC) Peer Review (P: OECD, 6),

://www//6/57/37885999 (

)

37 US D D T S D,

Memorandum or Secretary o State Options or Remodeling

Security Sector Assistance Authorities (W DC,

Db 5 9), ://www w/w-/

//G__C_59 (

4)

38 P C Aw D, B W

Bw B: S D Rw S

D L D, International Aairs, 85: (9),

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( 7), 47-6

39 D Ck , Donors and the Fragile States

Agenda: A Survey o Current Tinking and Practice Report

submitted to the Japan International Cooperation Agency

(L: ODI, M 6), ://wwwk//

w/37 ( ), 4

4 I J 9, UK ,

w w w A G

P b , x w , w wk, w

x, A

w k w MOD wk w

, b k

j w

4 UK M D, Te Strategic Deense Review: A

New Chapter(J ), ://wwwk/NR//

DD89DBE6-CEAA-4995-9E-5EF6D9FC73//__

w__%% % %5566_ (

4)

4 S B, J M W, Aw Bk, T

I US UK L A D, Economic

Policy Paper Series 09 (W: G M F

U S, 9), 7

43 DFID W P

k bw F x,

UK D I D, Eliminating

World Poverty: A Challenge or the 21st

Century (White Paper

on International Development) (L: D

I D, 997), ://wwwfk/

D/b/w997 (

)

44 HM Government, PSA Delivery Agreement 29: Reduce

poverty in poorer countries through quicker progress toward

Millennium Development Goals (HM G, Ob

7), ://www-k//b_7_9

( 4)

45 HM Gove, PSA Delivery Agreement 30: Reduce

impact o conict through enhanced U.K. and international eorts

(HM G, Ob 7), ://www-

k//b_7_3 ( 4)

46 UK D I D,

Eliminating World Poverty: Building our Common Future

(L: D I D, J

9), ://wwwfk/D/w/b-

-- ( 4)

47 O

j b ,

,

48 T UK -b

DFID -b S

DFID Policy and Practice Paper Building Peaceul States and

Societies (L: D I D,

)

49 UK Cb O, Te National Security Strategy o United

Kingdom Security in an interdependent world(M 8),

://bk///

__ ( )

5 S W, H-J S, W M,

P S S: w C C,


38/44


Diplomacy, Development and Deense: A Paradigm or Policy


M, (B S, 9), , 8

5 S Lw-W, Review o the U.K. Government

Approach to Peace-building and Synthesis o Lessons Learned

rom U.K. Government Funded Peace-Building Projects 1997-

2001 (L: DFID, A 3) ://wwwf

k/D/b//646 (

)




53 S W, H-J S, W M,

P S S: w C C, Diplomacy, Development and Deense: A Paradigm or Policy


M, (B S, 9), 89




55 Ib, 3

56 T w P J C

C M A (997/999),

w ( x b, ,

, j )

w f b C

-k T Lb EU b A F,

S, J, b E P

b - x qf j

C

57 I , b w

E C , C,

w E P, ,

C J w

C w

58 A b A 5 E

U, EU CFSP b f ;

b k b

EU, ; b

59 EU j

ECHO (E C H O),

-

6 S W, H-J S, W

M P S S: w C

C I Diplomacy, Development and Deense: A

Paradigm or Policy Coherence, S W, H-J

S, W M (B S, 9),

44

6 A w

E Ex A S

(EEAS) H R F A

S P T EEAS w w

EU b w

C S, C,

b EEAS

b k,

w w x C

C k H RA , , ,

w b C, w

C w b EEAS F

Presidency Report to the European Council on European

External Action Service, B 3 Ob 9 (493/9),

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9 ( 8)

6 G G, EDSP , European Security

and Deense Policy: the rst ten year, G G,

D H, D K (P: I S

S, E U, 9), ://www/

//ESDP_-wb ( 5), 6

63 C E C, PolicyCoherence or Development Accelerating progress toward

attaining the Millenium Development Goals, COM(5)34f

(B, 45), ://-x/LxUS/

LxUS?=COM:5:34:FIN:EN:PDF (

6)

64 E C,A Secure Europe in a Better World

European Security Strategy, (B, Db 3),

://www//U/78367

( 6)

65 C E C, Policy

Coherence or Development Establishing the policy ramework

or a whole-o-the-Union approach, COM(9)458 f

(B, 599), ://////COM_9_458__ ( 7)

66 T Partnership Agreement between the

members o the Arican, Caribbean and Pacic Group o States o the

one part and the European Community and its Member States o the

other part, w w J 3, , C, B

67 G G, EDSP , European Security


39/44


37

and Deense Policy: the rst ten year, G G,

D H, D K (P: I S

S, E U, 9), ://www/

//ESDP_-wb ( 5), 6-6

68 S W, H-J S, W M

P S S: w C C

I Diplomacy, Development and Deense: A Paradigm or Policy


M (B S, 9), 4

69 OECD, D C D,

D A C, European Community

Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Peer Review (P:

OECD, 7), ://www//57/6/389659

( )

7 T b

z

, , k

j , MDF,

b j

7 E P, C, C, E

C D, Ofcial Journal o the European

Union, C46/, 46, :////

//_ _5_ (

6)

7 Work Plan EU-US echnical Dialogue and Increased

Cooperation in Crisis Management and Conict Prevention (March

2008) :///x_///__

__wk__ ( )

73 UK Cb O, T N S S

U K S w

(M 8) ://bk//

/__ ( )

74 HM G, PSA Delivery Agreement 30: Reduce

impact o conict through enhanced U.K. and international eorts

(HM G, Ob 7) ://www-

k//b_7_3 ( 4)

75 D Kk, D Sw M Cbwk,

A Nw A US-EU S C Wk

P 9 (M: FRIDE, Nb 9), ://www.ride.

org/descarga/WP92_US_EU_Security_ENG_ Jan10.pd (accessed,10.02.2010), 8.

76 Ib,

77 F x, bw 993 996, USAID

S b G H A I

(994), , b,

I 997 , C

, US C f

S A 998 bb US b K

z, U S -

S O If R, w

k

S,

w

78 W M B, Mk B S US S

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Years Critical Challenges or the Obama Administration,

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