~do~sn3ukan'o%tynodns~u r n n l n ~ ~ ~ l m u l # ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ w ~ ~ n ~ ~ h u ~ ~ ~ n i C q ~ a q ~ ~ a : : i ? n ~ 5 G ~ 5 a ~ q l i 7 ~ q ~ ~ ~ i t r r ~ i h 3 3 ~ 5 5 p i 7 m q a ~ l i i ~ cuqmurafiu- nsn tu $aaswi~qudu~w nuditT~~61~n'rmaunorl ruriaunrTulaned nnmrrdrilu

d t d rSunu~mraui l i innu~~u~u~i f~~ur~u3~u d?u'LH'dsmm~d~iiua~tr1~~3usr"~ d

P ~ + Q u~rauned (G. ~ d e n k o v ) A i ~ . ~ O i ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ u n ~ 3 [ ~ ~ ~ " r u a : : ~ n n ~ 6 n i ~ ~ s 5 ~ n ~ n 1

uvi~o&7dmnd4aw ~ a l r i p / l s o n ~ i n d i r r ~ r i ~ ~ m ~ 8 n ~ 5 w ~ ~ ~ ~ u d I np~a r l ks~

iiu~liqunu ~auvca~n n~h~~alusj~nmulan~fqd 2 duiguum3iin~~na~T~uua: a d L~U@~IUIQLL~'P% .[u~::uu~GI~~~~uu ~ ~ a i i n ~ ~ ~ l / ~ ~ i j ? ~ f i u u n7~rflrnl%~?~1qa

~ilualu::dlii~::.nu~uJ ad7~15RR ludou~ua~uu A.R. 1953 d5rl;kl!3~nw1?7 Y~~~

d d P 4 6 u7uuvcnb ~9uursn~nqau i in~~~noanu~d~a67m~imo~ngl~tu nn(rsu5, tucys

(~avrcnti Beria) L ? J U H ~ H U I H ~ ~ U ~ . ~ O ~ T U ~ T U ~~iuaausssulu8q~u~ U R Z ~

n~5unraHEinnpHmttalynnnuuai h~cinuPquiau

~fluqnna "'L%mw" (unperson) H

mau~3iia6ad7~ln~muin~u luhqda7u n.~. 1953 H G ~ ~laml~n~wrnrnaunovli~~~u~Gi

nvttwY~ ~ ~ f i u n i ~ w ~ m ~ A ~ ~ f i ~ h ~ : : F ~ d ~ : : n " ~ u ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ i l l ~ o ~ a ~ m ~ l ' ~ ~ r ~ u m 47~~J&~lul i f i M~qaBiiUkgt3RL#u(1zvestiia) a~3gu~rwrin8uuluwur~un~~ ~ ~ h , t n ~ m g f i n ~ ttdJmdA wriran4uloqws.rn~nu~3dad knSaravlquod

d ~ : : ~ u i i ~ ~ u u u ~ n i ~ d ~ ~ l d n i ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u u a : : i n o ~ l ~ d ~ ~ ~ n B d n ~ ~ u r ~ ~ ~ t i ~ u ' ~ ~ ~ hrnls::~iddiiuu%htr63) ludouqumriud R.R. 1955 unaunnrlmoonnn

iiiu~dquiun~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m u a ~ c n l ~ : : a ~ n ~ ~ d r ~ n : : u ~ u ~ ~ ~ i d i ~ i i ~ i d ~ : : a ~ n ~ ~ u ~ r " r ~ ~ N ~ ~ ~ u L ~ w ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u u ~ z I U " I ~ $ A < U S ~ ~ .A , ~ n ' ~ ~ i a ~ ~ a i l ~ r a ~ u d i ~ ~ m ~ ~ n ~ ~ u ~ u ' n ~ a ~ rnriau~n4oq~fi~ r n r a u n o ~ 6 r ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ 9 u ~ r i ~ u n i ~ ~ G ~ ~ ~ ~ l ~ 2 m a L f a : : n U n a ' ~ a o n Q7n~lu::n52rn'a~75fl'L R.R. 1957 O a U ~ n ~ ~ f l l ~ ~ (Marshd N.A. ~ u l ~ a n i n ) L ~ U

G 5 h ~aei i i~airr R?aLd (Nikita Sergeyevich hshchev) ~ : ~ ~ b 7 ~ 7 0

a a ~ a n ~ ~ u o ~ ~ d a q n ~ i ~ ~ 7 n l u w 5 5 ~ ~ ~ 1 u i j a i i n o i uuuduariuf/amSu~~udl bufi7ld ~ua:a:aunukswszdwan nko7nC/iimniru~maunad$w'un7.~ldli ~ y ~ a d n a ~ s

nnsa~lus~uusau Imu

hGoou u7~uunrkd (Marshal R. ~din&sky) . hsqdlt~wdq~inu ~u~~ou#uima~ A.H.

195s yaniiiu cnasn~~nr i~ud~u~ans'~uu01~ ~?~~uflirSuunuunt:~~u~om~'i

n7srtssmcleuii~Qeo1ip1~i;~1tu dq

b a ~ h i i ~ ~ d a ~ n ' a u n a i o ' u r ~ s - mstd~uuu~uu~uao~r~a~ud~iil~'~~ika.~d~:au 39m6uthusl~~~iualii.joia~d~~ 1wnsrd.s:~uarisaw55r~fqd 22 ludauqai~u R. W. 1 96 1 ~7RLndd5lmWjl ccm?I~t3~K/U~~qu'~~:ai8u~dn7~'18n'nSr~uu'~iia& ua:nrii~d5:miu.'ocn'7~~~17t ~1Xd~~'t17uu~G5'u~da~r3~u~~~s'iuni~maa~umitua h.m:dun r~marlnh~mj7aolJud.~m5ii5~~d R.H. 1934 ~?lun~s~~uciuni~nnm

d d U U r i~r&lnd n ~ u d a n i u w n r r a ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ n m u u u ~ ~ r u ~ l ~ a u ' u ' t l a ~ ~ l m ~ t u m m vd 4 mauolna~n'au~d~u"u1mu~u13~ ~uwuunu~u'sm~a~~i iu~~ ' t la~am~tudu~~~~~n~mu~

d 48 r i u ~ a ~ u l ~ l i d ~ i ~ ~ ~ ( . ~ ~ r ~ u t u Z o i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n{~nmm~ludsldsulAun'a~~n~a kg Au paad uariilnku du6u un'm~fi1a~svl1u7~a'un{u~a8iuw~~~aan~inw~~~

i n q s l n s r ~ ~ ~ u i ~ ~ ~ a u ~ ~ u ~ i t u . j ' ~ : : ~ ~ ~ u d a c ~ u ~ a ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ u f i w ~ u r ~ u n ~ ~ n u n5:dau~~urnu r~a~ad~i~aue~u~s~i i i i l ( M d Brezhnev) ~~a:~himtl damnat4

d d (Nicholas Padgomy) 9 1 . ~ ~ d u W Y U ~ i i m m a ~ i a ~ ~ ~ f i i ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~ u u ~ ~ i ~ u r ~ 1 ~ ~ m i 8 n i ~ w ~ ~ ~ l u n ~ ~ s : ~ u r m ~ n . r s u i ~ n ~ ~ n a ~ ~ l u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u r.a. 1963 ~fd7n~uvia6iuwnfign a'uaannnws5rum7JSni53~i5mi~4 l u i u a s m n q ~ ~ 70 Saa~r~a~udIu~Aau tuwiau R.H. 1964 ~iuYnGuvitlodnrfiumrritunna.~au'7~~'~~7::au um7ddni5uamqaan

k r n u ~ m r ( i l ~ ~ a ~ u d ~ ~ u ~ d d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ a ~ ~ u ~ d u i m ~ u ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ i ~ ' 1 ~ adi&fiii I I~~W&R.R. 1963 ~ n n i 5 d ? ~ 1 u ' i # d i ~ i ~ ~ u " m ~ ~ ~ r ~ u ~ u

~ m d 5 : m n u a ~ 7 . ~ 1 ~ ~ 3 ~ ~ ~ ~ a u ~ ~ u ~ ' I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ ? U ' ~ H ~ ~ ~ ~ Q ~ : : ' U O U ~ ' P I L ~ ~ ~ L L ~ : uauiu~malGuin#u ~~rnwua~am~uhdd~~~d~u~rnw~?iuo'~hm uaaaqhn~d

U d d . nwdni3m~i'um~iiauhJ mr. fu~aun~dun~uuiraua.~vu'w~~ni~~i ia .~~~~u~~u~d~~d rnnil~am~u~indiurinn'uaanuilGrnn'u~ijA~::l~d5::m~~;0lu i)nSwa~qa JmuA Wua:nisda~ulu7Xn'nSami'iu~3u~un~u~i5n uu~unkuccn~aank~nu~m~

d e u m dfitatrcmu~dadu #~&u~~n'uw3n~uauana~m7~~ (fathers and sons) qmum~n/llw u 4'cr uifnd~aiiu nn'uSc3Jsuciauau mwu~bauuukinndfin3uia~~~ni33f bh.tod

(Osipov) ~ ~ ~ d a r n l ~ u u 5 ~ ~ 7 ~ f l 1 4 3 7 5 ~ f 7 5 ' I 6 ~ ~ (Veche) dadldmllif la~~~8~ud~~a: n i ~ u a m a i n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ s ' ~ ~ n " u ~ s ~ u i i m ~ ~ n ' B ~ ~ ~ n d m n l ~ ~ ~ f i ~ # u l u & n ~ " s # ~ & w a dau'ndnmluuminma'aadi.~d3 ~~(nrkl~wilunrn~iiu'ndn~dcn'w~#"~m3 2,000

4'u d RU l d a ~ d 5 : ~ ~ I ' ~ 1 ~ ~ a o \ ~ # r i i & ~ i ~ t l ~ ~ u m ~ n u p w a ' . j n ~ 3 w~n~nd~u~wm~n{uni~

oinnniumnnitm.i~iin~~n~~~~r~ul

&im.a. i a 58 m1nrmldfi3 d d ~ 4 1 ~ r r s i l ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ u r 3 n i ~ ~ ~ b ~ m u a ' ~ d.lu Y Y d r8ud76~~tnu nn~dndnisrhslu b g ~ d u a u l ~ d n m r ~ u ~ e ~ n u ~ n ~ u diudpfl7u7~~

unzdn3nnrts~.nu l u m a . 1961 dmdjadmzundumm~~3rd9~~idd~~viin'~ 10 31&Lt<7 O ~ O ~ L ~ R ~ ~ L ~ ~ I I U W ~ ~ 4 .It8Zid~ 1 L H ! ~ ~ I I J R D R ~ ~ ' ~ ~ H ~ § . I 1fh.J 0.90 .ildi36D

tw3uql unzamnistfium~n~~mw

~ ~ n h ~ r r n ~ r i 7 n u m n m ~ 3 u 6 1 n ~ 1 . j ~ ~ s ~ ~ ~ n ' ~ d ~ z ~ n f l ~ ~ s d m ~ ~ u o aniaaiui?uje

ni4rfls~1iie (The Multilateral Council for Mutual Economic Assistime-Comecon) d dugn~b lum.n. I 954 & ~ n m 6 ~ ~ u d i ~ t n f i ~ ~ . i d m ~ u ~ 0 n d ~ ~ ' 1 ~ ( d ~ u 1 ~ u n ' n ' ~ ~ ~ ~ X Q Q ~ ~ n ~ w I ~ ~ ? u m ~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ ~ ~ u t n s l H ' m ~ ~ u t i ? u t w ~ n u r i o i ~ ~ d s ~ ~ n rda A.R. 1953

lvr~umlw3utdnuri8ulu.i~'uzu~~~but~u 520 husiia trr ir iau~~iu"~ lu R.R. 1945

h u r i i k a i ~ s ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ i ~ n o ~ d n i ~ u i l 6 (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation-NATO)

k ~ ' l a ~ ~ ~ ~ u ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ : : d i 1 1 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ] ~ ~ ~ ] 5 ~ u " ~ Z ? ' ~ datwauwi~~ui~~~dds~un'u~di l 6~ R.fl. 1954 ~ A ~ v l i m ~ ~ ~ i l y ~ i ~ u a 5 u i i L U D ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ & R ~ ~ $ I $ ~ U E ~ . J ~ ~ I ~ U I ~ ~ Itlfi1191

~ ~ ~ n ~ r i n i s ~ u 5 ~ ~ ~ i ~ i l s ' p 1 ~ ] 4 (Warsaw Pact) 'Lu~4ouwqamfiu R.R. 1955 iTa~i%f~

s~dni.rd~~uni~ui~i~Iv~~u~tw"a~o~n'ui~uiiu kf ium~udaa~uinss: :~~u~uno~

riwhurirr i i Iri[a~~tlmbRno~rt~a"~'Lud~::~n~~I~d~6uoonlmu'11ou~~~u n~~~vdt%uniqdoud5::~nfloii~ 7 'Lu R.n. i 955 do~+j~niwwquivlri

~ ~ i u u ~ ~ u i u ~ i i s ~ ~ : : ~ ~ ~ - d t u a a ~ n 5 a ~ ~ a ~ a d n 6 i ~ d i v l i i ~ o ~ ~ ' ~ 1 ~ ? u m ~ i a u umn<i~iiuIu~.a.i 948 ' n i i n ~ u i u ~ ~ u u a ~ ~ ~ u : : p 1 a ~ l u l a ~ o ~ vii'L$~l~~ad~~a::6ilG muisomna~oouvox~iiuld I ~ ~ u m a u " u a u i u l ~ s ~ n i ~ s i ? u t ~ ~ o i i ~ d 5 : : ~ n ~ ~ ~ a : : i a i l ~ m ~

t~unai.~GoGu~tiu iUu6u u n m ~ ~ i l a n l 6 ~ ~ ~ ~ o 0 n ~ ~ u m u d i ~ ~ ~ a : : ~ a i u ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ i ~ " s u m PI I unudrinacuz~~iu n u ~ i u ~ ~ i l n l i n n ~ r i i u ~ : : ~ i i u ~ ~ ~ u i i u u i ~ a : : ~ ~ i i u u Iviiuma~uiu'Lu

mdnisuil6idnni5nuensriu Iudd.rrqu?aunm a uns~qihi 'Lu~inunsn~i~u ".a. 1955 ~ ~ ~ ~ i u i ~ u e i l o ~ a u ~ ~ ~ ~ t v ~ u a ~ y a m i r u m n a . ~ I u ~ ~ n " i i ~ ~ i ~ i i n "

(Geneva Spirit) &ouoqahului[~~i LI&::~~;&I mna~di~(111mPm U ~ R Q I U ~ I ' I ~ G ~

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ c i o u n a i u a ~ l & ~ ~ a ~ a i i ~ ~ o ~ 3 u ~ ' L X ~ ~ a ~ a d l 6 u i n bi is~~~%~~n~mmsd~15dmz?'uoan~w~i::u"md~dol~~niw~in~~inu

aGunm3u i g m n a o ~ d . i : : ~ n ~ n ~ n " d ~ : : P 7 ~ u ~ i i i u u u ' a u ~ : : d d o u ~ ~ o a ~ ~ ~ m u m i a o ~ 6 t: n ~ u @ n n i s ~ ~ n n i ~ ~ d a u u ~ i d a ~ d 5 : : ~ n ~ t ~ d i u v i ~ a : : i ~ o ~ t l ~ ~ u m ~ u ' ~ u n i ~ ~ ~ u ~ u ~ ~ ~ u . j

d w 4

aqni501oiiq inuanmau lu~~osurim::iunon nszunsqn3o~urm'o~nuju~iu1ui~ou a!

ilquiw ~ . ~ . 1 9 5 3 ~ u ~ v i ~ u m ~ o ~ ' L & n ~ . ~ ~ ~ d 5 i u d ~ u i~n~ iu~~ idn~ j l ln 'uaau

m ~ a ~ ~ ~ ~ l i i k ~ r h a i u h ~ i ~ s ' ~ u i a d ~ ~ n m % i ~ iuAo~Id~~uiu ramqo1rn~ns.rmpW

uaud ~ i i ~ m n u j u a i u ~ u ~ ~ a r u ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~ b u t l ~ a u n ~ m ~ i i u u ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ n i w qa?lara? d d Tnqanl & a m i ~ u ~ u o ~ n ~ i n d i u ~ ~ i r n " u ~ i ~ 6 ~ i a a i ~ n i m u n ~ u ~ a m w ~ ~ m m ~ u ~ a ~ ~ ~

~ J L L R U ~ k ~ i 1 ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ d t ~ a u d 8 ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ u 3 ~ a ~ # ~ d i 1 ~ n 1 ~ i i ~ i ~ a ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ u V ludL1m in15

~lna~oouaou' l~~duauf lWdiuiodnm~o~?hd~zm~ uazn~tflirarn%nniimdqqi

3oiaei &9~94?nrin0irial~1~rc. l~saournulu61uuIuuiusi~~d~z~n~ rhnntlu,Id

mz~uoondu 7 ~dinninoi~~uuadi~~duaud ~ u i u i i ~ m d r i b i u i 9 n ~ ~ d n m 5 ~ ] . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

~ ~ d a m ~ u ' h ~ o i s ; ' i z ~ g ? ~ o 1 f 3 i i ~ n i ~ n ~ u ~ ~ ~ 0 ~ d ~ : : ~ n t l u % i ~ d n d o ~ ~ h&d CninanmuazilqqiauIuym7 dad diauaun'ern.i~animIii

d ~ 3 ~ n ~ ~ n i . n i i m w c f i ~ n i ~ ~ a ~ ~ a # ~ l u ~ ~ o ~ 0 ] a i ~ u m.cr. 195s 2u mfi dsznitl~z

undnvJ"uszmiun~ni8y~aof~1~1i 4~~azoz~flunais uat:~~~'.izuuwmuw.i~m~u

d a ~ n ~ ~ 6 o m . r f r u h n m ~ 1 u n o ~ n ' ~ ~ ~ n i ~ o ~ ~ o 1 ~ u o 1 n d ~ ~ 0 t d i ~ u ~ ~ 1 ~ alua d d m i m i 4 r a a i ~ n ~ s w s 5 m m o ~ 1 u ' a i i n d m u n H u u

wanriomaiu ~ ~ a ~ u ~ a ~ ~ u o 1 t m ~ ~ ~ n o ~ l / i ~ ~ ~ a u ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ d n m ~ a ~ i t ~ ~ n e ~ ~ ~ ~ a d ~ n

qnmiu m k n i ~ ~ a i o t ~ v ~ a u ~ i i o i l n u a n d ~ z ~ n ~ ~ ~~qm5fi iu' .~uon~biui~

~nuia~asillnm5o~~l5d6)z?'w~nn ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u m i u d a i a ~ u a a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a ( ~ b ~ n z t ~ n z n a ~ n ' ~ a ~ ~

dsz~n~u"sisieuua ~u"Iti8aumm~iuu ~uaa.~d~rrnm

#quviri~ou~urnviud m.a. 195s m 3 n t ~ ~ ~ u u ~ u u i s ~ u ~ ~ Y *~ntlnYr'umn

ci?~~rin uni~o~iaun'uodi~d~~99 (Peaceful Coexistence) &~hiindIudouazliu u d a o r r amuuluuiuaoqunrrunovl ndid5iiG acuz~Saanununirnw~mqnmiuW3~ rhwiu

m?n~ad m ~ o ~ l ? u & ~ u ~ u ~ ~ n i 5 ~ ~ n 1 ~ u ~ a ~ m i u ~ ~ a z i 3 ~ ~ n ' ~ l u ' 1 ~ ' ~ u ~ ~ u i i m ~ ~ o 1 n .

azrrumqsia~m?aaui b~~una~uayu~~wu~fi~ao1dao~~~~ia~e%us'luqT~do1o~nni~ ~yunii L L M U ~ ~ R ~ ! (The Rapacki Plan m.L 195 7 ~ o m i u i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d ~ d ~ z ~ n ~ ~ d ~ ~ a u d )

d a I 'lu ~ f i . 1958 ~ d o ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l d a ~ d o ~ n ' ~ ' i n ~ ~ n l 5 d 6 ~ ? ' ~ ~ 1 a ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 ~ 0 u m?a~(nJn~rn

fial.r%&mn ~mu~uluvealnunriln&lziwol~ri~n"1du8 ~unn'in'inismn~u

m l ~ ~ a ~ ~ 6 o ~ d ~ d ~ a m f i ~ d ~ z ~ n ~ o 1 z 5 ~ o 1 n d a ~ ~ ~ o i ~ u l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ r l ~ 6 n ~ s ~ ~dn5uld ~iui~nr iuah' ldnn~uou ~( i lJntnt l~S~mnn5~%~n'~af i f l e q ~ ~ u ~ l i o ~ h a o u ~ e u ~ u u r l a ~ w ~ u a m ~ u a ~ ~ n d ~ ~ u u o ~ ~ i i u i i ~ ~ou~li'~u.~~wanwiu~su~ou 40 3 rmn15d~?7iuoa~~n'Lir~~ouiur)~~n~au A.U.

1957 w~~~~oui143Q~dmn 12 ~ ' ~ a ~ w ~ o ~ n ~ . i z n ~ ~ ~ u ~ u ~ n u t ~ u ~ u H i f . ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ f i u

aesdiu3huiiuu ~l~ai ia~rnwlvf iumt~u~$i ~5uni7~d5zni~uaa~n~~ a d i u l d l ds~tn~~lnani~~dm'ii~n'ii~l~'~oinzd~z~n~ii~a~zd~z~~anni~ld~3~muiiuu6aumu ~aqttazld~~aunquiu w ~ u & n h ~ ~ a ~ n i w ~ w ~ " ? u m i i a ~ ~ ~ ~ z ~ a ~ ~ ~ n i ~ (bureaucra-

cy) unzHit~aanpmniqaa~n'n~uiind-taiiuauiu~tG uoalnma JfiaRi9uwan iina~~ri' (revisionist) h'aui?al~'a~ig, mii3n'nns.rfiyuiiuu tWin15IAia~n'~ozEqId &~vumni?nudii~~am~ii~lnani~3uliuau~udaiiui~lw~"?um ni5dm5si7u 1 ttdnzml i i ~ n 5 m n u i i a i i a d ~ ~ u u u a ~ m u l i n n i u ~ ~ u i l ~ ~ i q n ~ u ~

Rttdm.n. 1957 uluuiudi~dn~nmnL~"?ummna~T&nSwn~a.jmaiu rhr~~ua'nwuz3dmu~~duu5z~ii~~wfium a~i3-1 URZ%J m~atudii~~.ki)u'L~ii~z i imnut$~~~&~n'umz'i~mn~~am~maiu~8~~$in~ud~z~nflmau~aiiadt~nz?'mni~n'~ a ouwq~~zt%~iniurnnau d a b ~ 3 u m t ~ i ~ a ~ n ~ ~ ~ i i ~ n i ~ ' L ~ m S ~ a a n n n i u ~ m u a u ' ~ a y ~ i ~

ad 4 nn?udo~iu~nsa5s~iiuu~tu3n'u 5a5it~nttnzq5nw~uuumz?'u~1fi ni5t~iunsnuw.s ~on~~i~ai~iui~l~6a~~~udildiitluinlmu~~wizni~a~i~~~au~anul$3riaadel Isiia~~~zmmaiusj'ut~naIunis~i~ii~mnu~u~'~~~ua~i~ ~knn i l n~a~ad iud i aml:enuai~uttailu?iY~n i i d u n i ~ a i i u ~ ~ i ~ - ~ u i u ~ u d ~ s ~ q ~ w ~ 5 ~ m a u i i a i i a ~ m&d 21 ludauunsimu R.R. 1959) d a u i ~ l a t u ~ ~ n n i u ~ 8 ~ ~ ~ i ~ w ~ 3 ~ m m ~ t ~ 5 n d ~ A duniqld ~ ~ o u a ~ ? ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ u n ' u u i u v tdni.rt5umi~~fufiu"~6iil~'tiimdamnnqlmlm 2 au ~~nztiau~~~iini5ds~~u~u~muamn'ud5::m~7~u~a~~u~11aiu"u ~mia~dunim m5yue 2 aaua~ig~ ~ ~ ~ u t d i ~ d a o m u u u l ~ d ~ ~ t n ~ ~ a t ~ u ~ n ~ ~ m n ~ ~ n : : l w ~ " ? ~ m o ' u ~ u u'n0ulK ~~a~udkdnaaudi~%q~~tw~ma~~ila~~f~niw~wt"?um adwl5fiA' au'~zliii tn~ni.iahm~mOvy - 2 ~~atu*hmiiue~ldti3~m~d~::d5~u1~16~ ~dir"so~iut0i ~anu l ~ ~ t ~ w i z n i ~ ~ i n ~ u u ~ a ~ u t l a ~ d 5 z ~ n ~ ~ 1 ~ u m n ,

~ U ~ Z M ~ R . R . 1957- 1960 ~nu3uWYUdsa~4i.j"oun'urnniwlp1t"?umlm~ ~aidanu$uli u d 8 i i t ~ ~ n i ~ d ~ ~ t ~ ~ m ~ ~ i ~ d u i i l r r ' ~ l u u 7 u ~ r i ' i ~ n ~ : : ~ ~ u ~ ( ~ a t ~

Leap Forward), VlN?RlflMn55N ~ ~ z ~ ~ ~ ~ M ~ ~ 0 : : ~ 5 5 ~ ~ 3 1 ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i i ~ i i ~ ~ M ' 1 i n ' a u ~

R~mwlwflua & w n m ~ s u ~ ~ a ~ a ~ ~ u m ~ u " l ~ 5 . ~ n 7 ~ m a u ~ ~ n i 5 ~ i i r n u t l a ~ " o u uennn w 4 w u"u ~uukdsr~~d1~niw1~1t~um~maiutdi1~a~mnud5::tn~~~~n v?uttvi~.n.i960 r' U Y ~ ~ ~ n i s & u a m ~ ~ m 1 1 a " m ~ s r ~ i ~ ~ 1 m d s z t n ~ t 5 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ da"o~ndnlcu#~ln~mt5a

*du "wanMuri" ; (nvisimism) Idu~lhlnnnu~auntii. ,&~8uAi#1n'u"ou b u r , d s d r a mnuiia~afi~tflu "mn~st~ans (dogmatism) nosqn~ a~uun~~~cfj~1mu7m~tui~n'u

u ~ s m n i n k ~ ~ ~ u m ~ u n ~ u d ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ i i a d ~ ~ d ~ ~ u ~ u ~ u ~ ~ z n ~ ~ u a n s ' ~ ~ ~ ~ a z

br?uniiil~nih&g lada~ku~rrazrua$3u lu~3aurrnnuu R.R. 1961 ~AmnsB

dm~~qviil~~~nnarusrnfi buansq niuayuk~i'qndn%nb (BV of Pigs) ad& ,

munSqinqmnisdRui ~~iudpGud.~zndi~aHjg? ~razlpl~?um~&~ l u z .r w R.R. 196 21 n ~ ~ ~ d s r ~ n ~ ~ ~ u n ~ a ~ n q ~ d ' i t n i ~ f l i u n m a a u a i ~ a i i ~ ~ ~ i u s " i ~ ~ s 5 ~ ~ ~ i ~

iini.r~i.raw6i mvi a a o m l a r l s z n d i ~ ~ a b u ~ u ~ u u a u l n ~ ~ ai l a~n'unu~. i -~ui i~~~#ui ~ ~ a ~ a d ~ ~ ~ ~ n z ~ ~ i z ~ ~ 7 z ~ . r ' ~ f i ~ " o u ~ ' C ~ d a ~ 6 ~ ~ * ~ d ~ u v i i ll&~iud hmdiqu ~hz~n~~auinii~d$?lan *HJI~A.R. tgsa j i l "~~~~r&uiu-Iamau'~oy~tsfiw3h

rdoiimn'wr~az5m.rau~7~1~1a a .~"ou~~n~ i iuu '~d iu~~aau~~~ f ium ~ni ' i~dsz~nr~nu~q~ad 1

b~o?dzti . C

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160 HI 471

njufiu~ninnlh (steel-eaters ~uiaknrjuqmm~ns~un~n) n~rmwrinuaznrju 1 h n ~ d i ~ i ~ l h a d i ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ u u n i s n ' ~ ~ ~ d f i ~ ~ s ' ~ ~ ~ a d s : : ~ ~ s u ' ~ o u f i i ~ ~ ~ 1 msudq%u$7lH'

w 4 8 tfim%uuuo~auumn& u ~ ~ ~ D M ~ ~ ~ u I ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ I u ~ ~ L u ~ unr'hafiu (Aleksci

b ~ & n ~ i C I ~ l 5 s n ~ $ a n a i u ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ w ' a m i f im i i ' ~?~n isdou~~u uarussqd~i l inui~1l6

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I v A a m p q ~ (~~" IL i i r f iu i~) n&md~i~ci?~~unmu1::u'iuw~~~w3n~d1115.~ oh~ariaih%g 1 LL& ~u ia~uuvh i~$uH iv l r im ~~85urfJuGawri7 hw'ndis'ani5 m a

n s d ~ m ~ ~ v l i i u i ~ : : ~ ~ m ~ u ~da~amw5s~~ouhi ia i~5&.~d 2s i iu ic lu-~uwuu R.R.

1 96 6 ~ ~ ~ L ~ . J ~ ~ L U ~ I I U ~ S L . ~ ' L ~ U L ~ U ~ " ~ ~ I ~ I H ~ ' I I D . J ~ R ~ ~ ~ L R ' I I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I J ~ E ) . ~ & L ~ U

rnsiiuriuii~urn~ud~6~ui~g~qa 4 d J a J m ~usaluuvhi (Leonid I. Brezhney) ym5n55un5~okl~u~nvl71uu

nln(siaui~'a~~dLaaf9uan") l u fi.n 1906 w&~inth~$om.rRnwihBuuiln fiaiaamka::?~?~anrnis i irh~iut~wiwi.r~clauij~~aiadi.~~u'n~1~ro~n UL&& doe 1 $ 4 ~ ~ 4 ".a. 1938 k6fiil~u8@60lfi~mn'u~~1~vd w m u h ~ n i m ~ i f i d u ' u mnmdann&d 2 ~~~n~~~uni . ianda~~u~nuu~::~6uRwn01"s n & 1 ~ n n d s i r i i ~ i u ~ n 6

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19 5 o 1 ~ ~ ~ u ~ a ~ ~ i w 5 5 ~ ~ u a m ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ 1 a ~ ~ a ~ d r n d ~ a u d O F I - ~ L U ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ P ~ ~ ? G I

~usa~udl6~~umui~nis~~::ns.sui"6i~nn1~uakau-l%n~a::nsun~5iQa~ lu R.R.

I 9s o uci~ci.m6u~nil~1lH'w'uni.ju4.j i i u i ~ ~UL~EIULUMIUU m a . $ 1963 ~~%fl€It i (Kozlov) HUGIBIUIQ ~ u ~ n ~ u d & l t i n i i b A'u$~timamlms &riu~~tli~8urinm~iia~T~1~3u01~~i~u~ndm~7~ondunnqmu~u ~&~IuIPI~ ~ainma ~ ~ ~ s i ? ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ u r 9 1 ~ 7 0 d ~ ~ i n ~ ~ d ~ ~ v l ~ ~ ~ a f i m ~ n i s ~ i i o ~ & u n i o

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m ~ ~ u l m u o ~ c i ~ l ~ i ~ d i ~ i ~ d S ~ ~ " L u w ~ ' i m ~ ~ a z ~ ~ i C n i ~ m ~ u q u ~ l a ~ 1 ~ 6 1 u n ~ ~ c r i 1 ~ d e

Jszea ig~~uazm.r~nvm5l6 ~uom~8ouu'uinu-~umuu A.R 1971 ~ h n ~ 5 5 ~

34 . ~ ~ ~ u ~ i ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ m a ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ d d d o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' i m m o u i j ~ i i a d I R E I ~ L U ~ ~ L U ~ ~ ~

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fin& (R. Nixon) d 5 ~ 5 i ~ i s ~ ~ i ( l ~ ~ ~ i ~ l ~ ~ U ~ A ~ o ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ U ~ n ~ d l u l 9 a a ~ 1 ~ l ~ 6

oriw2i l u R.H. 197 3 $ifliju ~ a d ' i z ~ u ~ d d i 6 q ~ ~ ~ 4 1 ' i u ~ ~ ~ ~ a u i ~ n m ~ : : n ~ u n i 5 ~ ~ h ~

I h d ~nuwa&.i~ms ~nmln (nailnu) @ ?iu~m~dad ((oulnsuoiino~~amqiu6~

m) ify~ms lns5ln (iguum~diqd5z~na) a~z~Bu~riul6flnm8i~I'11I5~od~~az~s~aa~ t d t Id lu R.R. 1975 ~ ~ ~ a w ~ i n ~ ~ i ? ~ ~ ~ m n ' i u w ' ~ ~ i ~ i ~ ~ d ~ 1 i n n 5 u n i 5 ~ u " o N au'amw55m

d E d d mouijqQammsqn 25 ( A . 1976) i idszniardauu~~da~m~::~aai~ni~~~azf i~ : : d nsuni5rdoq auian~6uaniw 16 FIU r~uw~nn~usa~ud~~on~u'iui 10 FIU dquonji

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~ m u " a ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ a m I ~ ~ d i ~ s i ~ ~ a u " ~ ~ ~ ' ~ m u i i u u ~ w ~ i ~ ~ ~ ' ~ &naiu"~eu'~~~urnui5nluni~ d- cr r l i ~ iuao~~usa~uds-am~.~~do~o in~~u i l~u~ou ~usa~udn wudii~i~u'qmni55mn15

bn$iuvnmad~zui~~nud~ai16 ~ ~ d m ~ ~ u u i u n i g u u m s ~ u d i u i ~ ~ o ~ i i n ~ a i d ~ m d v4

L ~ ~ E J E M ua-kudoZqp55u anla i h u ~ d (Nikolai I. Tikhonov) -%I 75 9 ~u5arud$mnu diYun"I61Bi~~nud

u u ~ u u d 1 l 5 . 1 ~ a u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ : : ~ ~ ~ u n u i n n 7 ' i ~ ~ ~ i ~ d ~ u " ~ ~ ~ d ~ d V cia n i 5 l ~ n ~ i u l u m ~ z n s u n i 5 ~ d o ~ WSSR~L~ULL~UIU ~ ~ I ~ L ~ ~ ( ~ u . ~ ~ ~ R R I u ~ N : : ~ ~ ~ u I z

E d n i ~ n w ~ ~ i m u lum.a.1977 ~nisnnm8iswssm r~ui%nws.imduss'iJun%ao~~viiuun

) ;U~in l i~~niq oJi4I562i aCamw.i~~~m&d 24 J~znia~ij79~dninl~::quau"sm~~~5~ qn$iq muaiszaoquwu*ioluirir'iq mtlr:nssrn~ni.inaijwlu"L$o~dn~dn'i~um

uluuiun~n8ndnId au~3nd~6u~iu?ufu~~u 241 mu h.XIan8na~auq i s 5 mu W Y ariasiws.1~~4;d 25 ~iionaui3n1nrilmm~ou~1 go WSSR~~~~UI~IM~TPXU LQD&

~nuiiquisu ".a. 1977 auian~duhuaufi~~'i6.2 humu ~i$ul~i?~ti3nii1ualj~

mqa~sd i i l ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ i u ~ Q u ~ ~ i a u a u n 1 5 (vanguard)~dutuafiam7~uld aa~iflnrc5smu'

n i ~ l n a i u a ~ ~ i u ~ q l m ~ 6 i ~ ~ ~ ~ i i ~ ~ ~ d i ~ ~ ~ ~u~%n&num~9uamj. n q 1 IU 4 uazlu76

o;iludi~~niqrhgy IuaL u~~muCuuw'suuiv ~ ~ ~ . r m ~ u n u i n i ~ ~ u . n u d ~ ~ d d d i ~ ~ L

1G~1uao~igfia~riiod7~s::u'ms::?'~~~n::iidszbn5n?w ~uau'arnassm~f;d 25 i i n l s ~ ~ v d d db d o ~ l f i ~ s ~ m m u ~ u m a : : u ~ o 1 " s ~ v i ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ s ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ : : ~ m ~ s o ~ ~ o n l ~ d d 5 ~ u m w : : n s 5 u ~ ~

n7snmlutiiounqalnlsrr R.R. 1978 ~~~~~d~u5~tuvlndni7ii~al~uoulfiun'w4sn (Partiinost) fi(RYo9~na7uihQ$lulqn7sd5~noun'uiau

d d u d d cswnu~ndwn'ulu'iqu - So ~so~ni~lualjs~~m~uvjdnmso~Qiau

s ~ u o u m w ~ 5 d f l w u d ~ ~ m . j ~ 3 o d n m s ~ ~ l ~ u ~ ~ m n ~ 4 u ~ m ~ ~ G u a o u ' ~ ~ u " ~ w n ~ ~ ~3o~auilu ~~zu~u&m'ad~mu~~uuRnlu vioPSI 7 ~~a~tlm~on~a~~~n7~uam~ma~u5mtflu1d

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rn7"6iq~rili?u ~umud~o~d~n~~~~1r4u'~)un-ii(~3msi~cn"~u'~~~~nudau& railriii diuiqinaulqlmeHwj auiBnhu~~~"Iumw::nsuni~tflo~~o ~fii~umul~~mrnc.:: bani~nq~~~u~v~ud~nnufw'u~on~ifo1~n"Ld tu~uvElu'snmsncdduuudn~~)fu:: nsums~ii o~hu~lui3n'IJ1iiu'~1ouiau'Li nsun~.nilo~"W~mU"ou~~u~ni::t~~~ds~m3d bulun::~a~wii~m5i~iu3 odw'h6a doh n . ~ . ,1981 @71aiiun~::iYu~&L~uy' ~ i ~ ~ a n " ~ ~ u m tum~uv~nq 74 3 qaaod nq' 75 9 ilua::ftauIn oiq 74 s nu~lju odi.r~a~,th, Qn~iaoonnnf i fumzunit~~06~~dau~u'~d~~&a Jiw~nistddsuri?$7 5::ciupod~uriuouniulu~~n"il + - s . 3 ,

~uariu~um~url i ~ w a ~ ~ ~ ' ~ 7 ~ ~ i u m ~ d n ~ s o ~ u i ~ 1 n ~ a u a ~ ~ ' L ~ " s ~ 1 niduTuus~ ~dunidnudnnm~um~uutuu~rnw'fa~~~~ ~udsutumsu m.n.

1966 lin~fiaoiiud u ' n ? D 7 5 & 5 5 a n 5 5 ~ m l ~ ~ R 5 ~ d ~ ihiu L H ~ P U ~ I w::~nu d d d

inu7 n r t s l u l ~ ? ~ n i u ~ ~ a ~ m 5 i n 2 u ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ n : : d ~ : : [ ~ i u n n q u ~ u a o ~ ~ ~ u ~5aq

rnscii~iruuluuiudduul~~~u~n~~u ni5hmurnmm~n::~wu~~~uo,~~~u~~n::ni~ii~n'u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u n u m ~ n z ~ i n u i rinduu~~~mlio~Inu~1~'74iun'nn"u~~~u.~iu iouiiidnnirr ~ d u ~ ~ 5 i l 9 0 l l LLRI 190/3 L i ( ~ ? h ~ 7 ~ ~ 5 5 ~ M ~ L ~ ( ~ L L M < & ~ Y ~ ~ X % U L L ~ Z §

Imrfiucnua::5zuuk~uGuu ~3erinnauviilG~bsr~duuldn~u~uus'ou ~tY7'Lun~~uiu s n y ~ ~ n z i u w a n d ~ ~ . r : : n ~ 2 ~ t ~ ~ ~ a u ~ n ~ m u o n 5 o u mahqm2~un~n?wI'p1r?um wais7u~uh~nlnaaerwanmu L ~ : : ~ ~ w D ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ R ~ M ~ D . ~ I P I L ~ u ~ ~ ~ L ~ u ~wn-msiim

s d d a: n'uu~~z6uduuuii~1~ammnumu~1m'nu'um~u'~~~u"o~~~n::doiold ma~nsmqn~Buii diu~~~~iinrmm~dulun~niw~~d::~Gr'u2n~~~~wu7nuiud~n Inu~arnzly4iiu&au u5w3fio ~s*?ar~~~~~~ii~lGau~uia1~n::~2~Im~~adi~mmr"saij~~wi::1~mm5~~Z~

d a w mana~r(nuomnd.r::mn~oi'~uni~~5.~.j~uain~~~nu huZguafnylulna~awi::lu~a ~~unm~diiur~u7ugu~~~a iiYqnd5zmn5fqn57 n~uini~kwuil j~uni i IU R.R.

1970 doqdi.~ 7 lunmucliumayalu CyaPudwiounz 21 L~I?U qiuii 7 Cnmn ~ ~ u a m m a ~ n ~ ~ u ~ u ~ r i a o ~ y n ~ u ;qtd R.n. 1959-70 d5::mn3~mo$nyn2u$uiiuau a ariounr 44 i l q m d ~ m n 5 l u ~ ~ ~ ~ u n n i . ~ n a i u ~ ~ u i l q ~ i ~ . ~ ~ ~ " s u ~ u i n ~ u ~w::n75d

~uaudsmn51u~a~auun~~du ~uiu&~a~~md~iiu~uu~nuiud.~~dou5u~n'uilq~i

~nw5nssu d7~iuniulud.1::~nu i ~ u i s ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ q i l q ~ i B o u ~ n ~ : : ~ ~ i n i ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ a ' o ~ o

8 7 ~ 7 0 j 3 { ~ i a ~ a ~ n m ~ ~ ~ d ~ u ~ ~ ~ d ~ n i 5 d n ~ 5 0 . ~ ~ ~ ~ 5 : : ~ 0 u d 5 m 3 d 1 m u ~ n u d ~ z n i ~

1~Tnndal~~~u~iij~::l5~iimBun~u'1un~nir(1~1fium ~ienfimn"u~u'~ii~auiu~n~ud dn~5ouhsSaviilGnk ~u~3nauaum~~uu'n3n11~~inmIt~n::il~qiuu 8-~olhmu

a u 4 aounui3nnrjuu l o uunncra7,,uns~47ua~iutmf I L R ) ~ ~ Q Y ~ . ( m e SS~LZUOV

Memorandum) ~ U ~ L W U U ~ S ~ U 17h8@l B.R. 1968 ~~n~~wuuw<niuuontl~~~n~1dau @us ~ : : B : : ~ D ~ L ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ L ~ ~ ~ B ~ ~ ~ ~ L o u ~ P I L ~ ~ ~ $lio~ni.i~liua~uan~wn~u"~.~n"a ldrta::dsYmlnadlmu

i j u lm~~usatur l&n i~n 'un~~u~dos i~d i~7~our '~~d i~~u 'n ij Jou ~ ~ ; d ~ i ~ ~ m ~ ~ i 3 f i ? ? u ~ ~ ~ w m u i 1 ~ 5 ~ t ~ l u A.H. 1966 iata3 m.raa rinduu

Tm5um { ~ D J I I I M ~ U S L ~ H ' L ~ & ~ ~ Z L ~ H ~ ' ~ ~ ( I M ~ b d t f a q i i d a (wd seven) ~ d i k ~ ~ ~ 5 f i 6 ~ t ~ ~ ~ i ~ l ~ T ~ u w m ~ 7 n T ' ~ ~ t ~ 1 d u ~ n ~ n ~ 0 ~ ~ u ~ i ~ "darnclm~ih

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c l d V ~ S m ~ a m n a ~ ~ ~ a i u i a u ~ a ~ a n 3 ~ 3 h$71 n.g. 1977-8 Q I U ? U ~ ~ ~ ~ W I R R U ~ J U O L ~ U mud u d u hrnn heels ~znz.rorl6~~h~us1~1fi1dn~ls'fiu n.a., 1980 ~ ~ L R O U onnisriu~an

u&da i i # ~ u r i ~ ~ ~ a ~ i n ' o a i ' I I ~ i n 5 s u d ~ ~ $ i i i h n i q ~ m ~ i q n h 'I#iYuammhha.jlr ma d ~ n ~ ~ d d ~ u ~ r ~ a z ~ u ~ ~ n a a ~ l n u a n d 5 r ~ n f i ( i u l u { ~ n ~ u ~ d r f i ~ a ~ ~ u d ~ a a n u ~ n

' a ' d d5:mfi~viuau ndiclq l o Iaaruuiimflu m3mca Sm3uavl auinin ynarlid iiu

au7uqmm~o55ud5::~nn~~ffudi~~~iiu~d ~da~:uurfi~wjyiiil~a.~l~~~~umlu'ijd~zbn~ mvr mza~yukgqjcyd ~ ~ ~ ~ U I H ~ H W I U ~ ~ zn75 k&ri mn~~u~u~dn~d~mdsa~iin

L~&.JI$ n1sCm5nivra7n5uywiari7~ d rl

ilmna~a 1 d ~ ~ . j . ~ ~ u ~ m d a r n n n s ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ 1 1 7 q d u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 n ~ i i u ~ d 6dlumzra3u

D.R.Kelly, ed., "Soviet Politics in the Bmzhnev Eran(New Yo&, 1980), p.57.

lumwvi igu lam5:H l in j iu i~~~~u lon%udR3 iu8 i~wot i i~~~d~ l f r5w~~~aa4d5z~nR

3 ~ I $ m i u h u ~ ~ u u u a ~ i i n i ~ w ~ m ~ ~ ~ m ~ n s ~ d ~ l i ~ ~ $ n ' ~ u i ~ i a o ~ ~ o n a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Y d n i ~ c i 7 ~ u s h u r l s r ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 u m . ~ ~ ~ d ~ . ~ . ~ 970 L ~ D S W ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ I L ~ I L ~ R I W ~ ~

w ~ m r i u ~ n ~ ~ a : d ~ o o ~ ~ i ~ u ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ n * n f i ~ ~ ' u ~ 5 r d o ~ s ~ ~ u m a ~ ~ . ~ u b u ~ u R ~ w i ~ i ~ ~ u u ~ ~ s d

&," " aaumu (autarchy) f l~~~mrl~nn~~ucnm~u~aiioindi~d~::~n~1 hacaniz~~o~6u wa w9n w&qiu uonmnls~5u~l~zhnonqnldn5d~~nzno.j k d u o o n ~ u ~ i d ~ z ~ n 3 ' m q l u ~ i ~

d d 1 Y %uaz 8s niimwdu~m~tluu . d m s ~ o o n ~ i u ' u ~ r l k ~ ~ ~ d ~ ~ a ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ( u ' ~ ~ u ~ i n - . ss ~ ! I U ~ U R.R. 1970 L ~ U 125 61~6b"11r R d . 1975 LL~/~VL~IU~WI~$IU'UI&I;L~W 12-

13 ~ i ~ u i ~ ~ ~ a d ~ ? U l s ~ ~ u m ~ ~ a z ~ l 5 ~ ~ ~ j ~ n n o i ~ c n ' o u r i i ~ d i ~ i n ~ 1 a ~ m o i i ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ( i + ,

R.R. 1.980 ~ d ~ ~ ~ m w a ~ ~ m w n ~ ~ ~ i ~ u ~ ~ i ~ n n ~ 6 2 u ~ ~ ~ w a n i ~ ~ f i ~ i i ~ ~ ~ n z 6 2 u ~ ~ ~ d o l ' o q ~ ~ i l # i i u ~ $ 6 u n i 5 J i t a ' 1 ~ 8 ~ ~ ~ ~ a 8 ~ i n n ~ ? ' ~ m n ~ ~ a z ~ i n ~ ~ ~ s ~ , ~ s ' ~ i o 1 ~ u ~ u 1 s ~ ~ " s u

I U ~ L ~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ L R ~ ~ J ~ ~ Q U ' U & H ~ ~ L U ' ~ L ~ U U ~ U ~ H ~ ' ~ ~ qnalMn$iu l s ~ ~ u n ~ ~ ~ i ~ m n u ~ ~ ~ a r h u i ~ m ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ a i i b o ~ a w i z h ~ i o r r i ~ ~ m ~ f ~um~uddi

~ ~ u i i o ~ n i ~ ~ ~ a i l ~ ~ 2 i u 1 u ' i ' L o o ' ~ # (dc'tcnte) n'uaafjq uaznfiuiunn un~a f iac~ in~ i aG3-1 luri7uni.ru~~jmq~udfi6~ l u R.R. i 980 lv14umw~md~u5uIXa.I 7 1'3 n u ii~ r i ~ u ~ f i t u IUR.~~. 1978 uaclniinnaik; i s ~ U C U dq~fiu~mnda~<~-~ ~ z w l m

In' a ~ m w I a r i u m ~ ~ u ~ b i ~ a ~ ~ ~ h ~ 0 ~ ? ' ~ ~ 6 ~ u ~ n n i i d ~ z 1 n f r d ~ l m uu'irdoahuila~ ~ ~ ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ I ~ ~ I ~ L ~ ~ ~ : : B U , ~ U U ~ U ~ ~ J ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ : ~ ~ ~ ' U I ~ b ~ u n 8 i ~ ~ i ~ ~ u ~ & u o ~ c h u

Y O I v ~uluranfi;r<auar 57 ~~fia~ss~m85jaa: 2s rm:3~Giuusaaar 50 1u m.~. 1980 dsrmns~a~5umii4iuau 26s ~IURU fa~a: 63 at.iiu$m ma~~a<nqaihIu~a~!h

'!

nai~~~u~iuau~~?nii21i3~m~ub~d'1173~a~~~u".j~.j~~ud5::111n~dau1n~~a.jdsr~n41

nis&~adr~u~mo h ~ ~ ~ m ~ " T a r i a ~ i i ~ i i ~ ~ d ~ n ~ n i s ~ i f l ~ ~ ~ n u ~ a ~ a i ~ u ~ . j u " a ~ ~ ~ a ' a ~ ~ u o i f l u " u au~nulan h R.R. 1970 ~ a a l n r ~ a r l m ~ ~ n d i i d a ~ a i ~ ~ u i o 1 s ~ i u ~ i d ~ m ~ ~ l 9 mim

rumsvionu a ~ i ~ ~ s i i ~ a n i w i a i ~ u ~ u a n n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ d ~ u i n ~ ~ a ~ " ~ i a L L U Y ~ ~ ~ I U ~ U ~ ~

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D.R. Kelly, ed., op.cit., p116.

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1966 l~hmaJi~mwwilri~~u~mdunalum?~~iu~a13u Su~iiu6a~d~wila~3unn'iunis d' nms b~uqnmwnssuua::n~s~muinwu aaudsz~nRauiunnsimdi)m.~n7s6is::~ii~n'u

d a ~ 6 ~ a a ~ l a ~ ~ u m l ~ u ~ ~ a ~ n s S u ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ i u n ' ~ n i ~ d s ~ ~ n ~ m : : ? ' u n n d ~ n 1 1 ~ m a ~ ~ ~ u lu ds::in~nliuaanna7u ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ i ~ ~ n s n ~ ~ ~ u a z a ~ ~ u S n 3 ~ a n i u n ~ s ~ u " o u ~ m u ~ ~ ] ~ ~ q ~ u ~~Zu~unuaard~m~an~u::v:jO~ds::~n~m::?'u~~n b~3ucnho2l~dd~~adr"sun~u~c15~~ii~ uaznxn~is usi$o~nntoaaur~~fimu'Lu~~~]u~n~~~u R.R. 1967 UIEJU-IUII~~ISL?~~

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n~mwTvf umbirbucn'o.~~~urfin'.jn oq5w ~doa5'14d~u1~111n::do L ~ ~ . J L I W S ~ ~

riiiiiiiiui~~u~nn~rri IU R.R. 1979 \ ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ P x ~ ' u ~ I ~ ~ H I ~ o ~ ~ J N H I R I ~ E ~ ~ ~ ~

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~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ & ~ D ~ ~ ~ & L L M ~ ~ W ~ ' J ~ I U B ~ ~ I W I ~ ~ ~ .d# d Ivfiamlriuau~qmai i ~ f i ~ h n ~ l s ' = ufi~i~nuiTuriudCuan5'gro::maun~

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L ~ ~ U P ~ ~ I L ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I v ~ u m l f i u n nzu'm~unz~~3cc~~unin~ns~naqm~ u1an16~ &JLR.I

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~ailu~u~~udnde~ilfid::ua~mijin'a~ds::mwn"u ignascda!~ila~uuinn37~3u 'him~20 4'

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" d V a W 8 gn~~d~&.j ~daami3uihhl hu~iu&driplrmu iiua.jnnuu~nmnu~nu~~~q~Gu~mui

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r d d 2: r a ~ s u ~ u a s n n r a a i i ~ i l i ~ u i u a u w ~ ~ i u n i . j ~ a d : : ~ z d ~ ~ a u ~ ~ a a d i u ~ d ~ m l m ~ ~ ~ ~ s ~ . j ~ ~ a " ~ 55

iiuukfluiiuu

wnin~san.1.ru~~dau1~3iin~ni:u1u~.j A.R. 1954- 58 GLGUUR~I.~

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awv~17uavni w-d Jam~ciidriilumu'~5oo1~~s~u tu uu'amw'nciiuuh~~umm5.jd 2:

2 (knmu A.R. 1954) (d3~uAw~13n l u A.T(. 1934) ginad (A. S U ~ ~ O V ) Laas nisa~mwrin~~uu~~s*nuIa13~o1ds=:)wuiu~~~~n~~1~ i u a : ~ a ~ i r ' ~ 3 u ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ u u ~ ~ n d n ~ u qmumsaiuuu~u'u~miua~ u.'uudn&~ 7 iiunnulGd~dimm i!u~icmwaos~ndud

d v a w ~ ~ t l 6 a a n ~ ~usa~w'n~~uunm~annaanuandsz~na u~zlu&iud~u'uriau~iaa~s'u m s ~ ~ ~ ~ u . j ~ u a u ' m ~ ~ a ~ . j i ~ u ~ n ~ w ~ n ~ ~ u ~ ~ ~ m n a a n ~ ~ u d a . j d i u iionrjurdi d~a~5u

da & ~uainua:Gn~Buuju~k ua~ntu ayindiiuuR a w a n n u ~ u u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ ) . j u m i t i u ~ ~ a z ~ ~ u qua~mw ~4imiidwss~k~prlpdilz~di1~n~nup1.j ~. ja~.jdi~jiwm~1~~11~'ld~m1udiu ammu '~ti. joinuu'rnwss~~k6 20 (qumriub R.R. 1956) diim-mn~iiu.jiiuda.j 3ssam3su~~araad-In n ~ u ~ d N a u ~ ~ i h r i a ~ d a u ~ i n ~ ~ d ~ w l n n ' i 3 ~ i d ~ ~ ~ 0 d s : : a i u

" d4 oiatyin~smmdni8u nrju~a~udu~ontiu%jn'ifld~u~ iinis~8u~muui~3un~~iscu'

~ ' U ~ Q E J I ~ ~ M ua~uiJ~~lj7~~4~alu"LAn

(Not by Bread Alone R.H. 1956 un"PId (v. ~)udintsev) fH'~aodi~uu?

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I u m.n 1956 disrola.fr~un (Boris Pasternak fi.67. 1890-1960)

I i u ouuaiiuiurliido L ~ I ~ J ~ u ~ ~ J ~ ~ Q ~ u ' u P S ~ J W D n trnai~m~n (m. Zhivago) uriai5m51an

IH~ ih~~mo~uun~CIun3~do RL J R ~ ' ~ ( ~ O U ~ ~ ? G U ~ : : I U ~ W ~ ~ J R.H. 19.20- 1930

~~u'ou~un"?~~uiImai fUwu'uaentu ~u i~me4uun luvk7u~wu~tw i~ i .~~~u~S .~~~a ii n~iiwubuar~ou~~~?un::un~~daniw~~~ n q w 1 ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ 8 u ~ m u ~ ~ w i : : ~ i ~ t l o ~ ~ ~ ~ f l ~ i l u f &(N m~15~1~~7u~~daa&fium~3'ti Ihsuo4uun~fiuhnii 20 S uarnnmsd~o.~Ina LU5LVltlLL~::n'tln'lJ ~ J ~ ~ ~ L ~ ~ U U ~ ~ ~ I J L U R I . 1955 ~ ~ R L ~ I D ~ L L u ~ ~ I R R ~ u ~

m.rni5~iio~ ~ ~ i v i i ~ ~ i i o u r n r ~ e i u ~ ~ a : : ~ a ~ ~ " u n ~ i : o 30 ~ r i o u ~ o ~J~~ILUI~~UQU'UI~H' dd d n'u iluwao dami~uat (Feltrinelli) ~ S R I L ~ ~ E J U H ~ L ~ E I J ~ ~ ~ I H ' L I ~ ~ ICIU~IWI~~IL~~UU

n&nn.nu%'u6dnnQ#u~u~~~um us~m~m~~anhdfid~~asau'i .~qniw~i'~::~d~ud d ad muaaaai ou'idsfi4 ~ ~ a m ~ ~ u a ~ ~ m ~ ~ u ~ i i u w ' ~ u ' ~ ~ f n a d ~ z u n ~ n ~ ~ p ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ d u d ~ u

&~Imudubl 5 mi~ugiu::1mibni5a~niwu'n~duu Iu~~ouvrq~tniuu A.H. 1957 i i n i ~ udado~ m ~ . h i ~ n ~ ~ u n i a i ~ ~ n q w ~ ~ a : : d u w ' 6 u ~ U ' u n i ~ m n t q d

8 d uouiui7$a~lliuun'~~7u~aia~n~a18u* ms.aiImil~~i~'tl~wuu~a::iiy'~a~~lI~1i rn~ialu~~alw J i r m a i ~ ~ ~ a n ~ s u t u ~ ~ ~ u q n i ~ u a.67. 1958 Iharmefuun~9urin~3uu

4d' .v Y d la~iumnu~~5n~6r'uulfiu5mu ~ a ~ u i n m 5 ~ ~ ~ K u ~ H ' ~ a i d ~ ~ a a ~&IoCwi~tiumnha

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kn lc5u rn5ii33o1 c i s o 6 d n (Baau-~ivoi) di~~ma6~unuou~zwiu~~i~ni~d~' io1 * w e d w

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ts lmrur i~ai ln~vi iu"~ d ~ w i u a n ~ s i ~ u # u u a a ~ ~

u~innuaaulhn~mo5uunlu"1i~Guw'~wuuw~"LuIa~"?u , i w m z ~ < i ~ u i d

MSSRAR~I ma~a~?um~~wi~u~::di~danaiuddrln~~ud~~m~hi~nu"u (LLG~LWRJWI r d dl mwsuo1vrauu - h a ' s Theme 1i~u~muiiuuadi~uinn"u~ridni~~1iuniwuuddaud

luuaaln) tiad~::~Rmdauaaudin~o1as'11~n Q ~ ~ i i o u i i E n ~ ~ o l n ~ 5 d ~ z ~ ~ ~ u u n n ' u LY ~ d a u n n ~ n i ~ n ~ : ~ u ~ r ~ u " u u ~ a ' u u a m n ' ~ ? ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u I ~ ~ ~ u m a q d i u 7 u'ni5mauadwnmS?

d d d dww @ ua::qnaiu~d~nal&aua r i indi?aau~~~~uvl~~u'~::~~~Guwn~dun~num ua::%'~fuuqn

a i u 1 w ~ ~ m ~ u n a i ~ ~ 8 u d a u ~ ~ a ~ u n ~ a u ~ ~ d n i ~ d ~ : : ~ i u a ~ ~ 1 a r i 1 u ~ 3 u a ' u ~ ~ u ~ ( i l u i a w i ~ ,

d w w dnurn5I~nRrM ~ i m ~ w a n 7 5 ~ ~ a : o q a a ~ ~ ~ ~~a : :~~a iu~~~~uumsnm~uuf iup iu~~u

nfiuna~unkiuwum 'IGdnisneufiiu~G!l~~u~& ~~~::~~an~d~uumaiuAm~~un'w~G!lmu

L ~ Y ~ L G J ~ ~ v l ~ a a i m n u d a i u n a ~ u ~ ~ u n i ~ ~ a n u ~ # u n A ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ n ~ u 1 u I d l u a u ~ ' d a u i d k

ni: laAu~PGii~u~a'7~~n~n~~'~1. ja 'uni~udaiu n.ff.1956 &wada~nsuni.saun'i4dmi"n~

b~?u~di~~uiiauati~n"~n~::t11d~~~1~"1~'1iwf auiu h u n u ' u ~ u r a z a i a ~ u ~ u ~ m a ~ do n l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d n n u ~ ~ n a i m ~ ~ ~ ~ a 5 " u ~ u " 1 ~ w ~ a m ~ ' i i m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a n i ~ ~ & i i u u ~ ~ n ~ d ~ : : ~ i a a r i i u .~-hs::?uwaR' 7 n~maudnbi~dnF1~udau'nflnwiu~i'inuin'uu~w~n~n~~~u~u"1~~d~na

a d LRU ~~duu"ur~~~au~w3~n'u~iui0s"~ariiu~mun ~Ynflnm~auinunu~nldoon C / L M & ~ d ~ i h ~ u P X R u u i o d ~ u ~ i

- ~dadhl~lurarmuei luld n~a~avlRds:nunaiu~uuin mssw&dau

n ' 1 w m 1 l a ~ ~ 8 ~ d o u d ~ ~ ~ r ~ t 1 ~ ~ i 1 f l ~ ~ 4 u o 1 m d i l 0 1 n ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ i j ' 1 ~ a d m FI~~LUVI k ~ u l d ~ a ' i r i u ~ u a ~ i n d i i u u d u I ~ i i n ~ w a n m ~ ~ d ~ u ' u ~ ~ o ~ n i u 1 ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ i lmafi.~.

1956 tadfpuln (Yevtuahenko) ~ u d u ~ n % ~ ~ d { i h w 5 ~ ~ i i d u d m 5 ~ ~ u u n f i 0 n ~ ~ u '

anusmi h m n i i a d s ~ ~ i u u i n t v i i b ~~ i ih i lpg~u i r&Qnk~~ i~uado~n"~n iu~ in5~au 'u n m i ~ u m r v i i u " ~ u " u r i u a u C / i i n i ~ d u ~ ~ d u urlidourtkknlnlria& drnsdu~nu

A d iinuiuodi.r ~ ~ ~ u a r ~ f i d a . r ~ r i z # ~ m ~ d o 3 " u - n ~ ~ ~ I u T c i r J ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ s u ~ ~ u q u v ~ i ~ - I

cl d u&mun ~ i u dm ~u idu iP (Babiyar, FI.R. 196 1 ) (~au~udh~auIn unn?douuia fi~i553lafium 33,000 nulun.rc. 194 1 d~3uulani 1nkunsl~t.irl Imud5rmuM

oiari7u63 (anti semitibm)\~~~il:8~d7~~~d~~~~~~ij~ii~d ncjua~5ny~ilu~nn~und

i 1 ~ ~ u n i ~ ~ ~ u d ~ ~ u i n a i 3 ~ s j ~ ~ u ~ d ~ : : n a ~ ? ~ n ~ ~ u ~ u n ~ 5 a ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ d a a : : m u ~ d o o ~ m ~ u ~ s l i u r ~ a : : i i a i ~ n i s d ~ ~ i u ~ 3 a ~ u u i $ r i i u a r n a u ~ a ~ ~ a u 1 n ~ n ~ i ~ i ~ ~ ~ a " ~ 4 a m ~ ~ ' L u n 1 5

d C d~duilrymni~8maaum3;a~~un~u~5in&dnaLi~dm5u\d~~~u~ &un.fi. 1962 Cn

?ili~oiqiu8ad::iniiaa ~a~imad~ti l~u~nn3iudn~a~8~du1u~~5u~~uu~~u'Imu~M'u'o R m i i Y R ~ ? s ' ~ w ~ 20 ~$u~nduiu~55ufi16gu::~~ M'a~uamqm~~m~d~nad (Tretiakov

Gallery) 'LuuaaIn ~uaam~uiuuuul~iaa~~urcm3~~wd 20 ~t~uuiua~i iu~uaA n?

o'nniuiqEiui ~ k ~ i ~ \ ~ ~ i ~ ~ n s : : ~ u i l i n n i u n i ~ ~ ~ u r d s a ~ d ~ ~ ~ u ~ n d i ~ ~ u ~ a ~ u u ' n ~ ~ u u

~~a::iimn?:u~gun?

ndu~&iluuwuiuiuvliII5::1uaua~r6~in#~ 'Ludouqainu n.~.1962

~ u d o~muIn ~%uuunn?dau LLniuinsauamii?iu" (Stalin's ~e irs )#u au'Lud51d61 n; a~~dad~dmwk unn?unu"~danis~~u\d\6iiil::ijni~~u~n"5~mi~u$u~n ~$uni>~&

unama a~nisauliiuami lu aqmarf168u1Giurl biTuvdu'Limaaq %iu ~miiIa32~

(One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich) %a;laLfinmu~mas' ~tiai?~uiim@u (A. z d'd

Solzhenitsyn) 8 d ~ 3 1 5 ~ 7 5 ~ ~ n ' L O ~ U L ~ E I U M ~ ~ ~ % ~ I U U UI~PIUUUW ~ 4 6 1 ~ 7 8 1 ~ 51::1M'

nirrdriimntil~~u~n'ulil3o1d~::~iTu1udiun'nn'~11~u~iuaa~~mi~u ~au$unnds-m

nisoimu'Lutudiuuarui~n015uoinu'u~ua~tu~u~d~~a~~nna~ijlil~mo~\d?'u h u i

aniwd~daunnurdaui~ uddudsu\d&un~iu1$uu~&LLa::nin~ij1u~fiu5$ LR

i j ~ a ? a ~ ~ u ~ y r b n a ~ i a o u n ~ i u n ~ n m i j n ~ u a a ~ a i ~ ~ s j ~ ~ u d d ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ n i ~ ~ ~ a : : ~ n " u ~ $ ~ i aatuywd ~~nis~ in~ iu~naaru~a '21udan~iun i~ f l l~~m~iuu '1a~unn '~~~a: :u 'm0i~~dn

uywa~5uaauami8u uiaanu~~anisauii~amiSu b~iinudu3iiurhdi5~3n~nn15ni R~u i&~ f mn~~ai-~uir~~~u~-wiiu~un'~1'11~um1nkil::~~0~wu ua::n;a~adil3uwum

diuiilmi?u ~IUIUIJ~IL~R n n i ~ u k l ~ u ~ u ~ ~ i u n ~ i u 8 ~ 1 n " s u m ~ u n ~ u 1 b ~ ~ ~ i u ~ ~ \ d nmu

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rii'LM'nu~n"sunR'a\fiu"I~ 114 bbniuin(I~uami8u" i i i ? w a ' L n ~ ~ ~ n i ~ m ~ 7 ~ ~ ~ i u i f a ~ : : d 2 ' d u diuui daiu n.~. 1962 i i n ~ ~ ~ l n i 5 "30 38ad~Iadu~1~ iiam~uiu 2,000 t~uwna~

utimuuilua (Manezh Gallery) ~nk~n5uSu ~a5nne::dauin5 75 mu UI~ULLRGNW~

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186 HI 471

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aI ad', ansunGii7nl a a z i ~ ~ u ~ u u u r n ~ n ( i l ~ o ~ ~ ~ ~ n 5 ~ ~ 1 a ~ i i . ~ a u " u u i ~ i n a v ~ a f f ~ ~ a z ~ o . ~ t i - r ~ P ' X m... 1920-29 Q t n a d ~ q u m ~ ~ m ~ u M ~ u ~ ~ ~ d ~ 9 9 (R.R. 1960) ~ ~ d u # a f i m w a i m ~ u

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