importnt vocab

8/2/2019 importnt vocab

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aberration(n.) something that differs from the norm (In 1974, Poland won the

World Cup, but the success turned out to be an aberration, and Polandhave not won a World Cup since).

abhor(v.) to hate, detest (Because he always wound up getting hit in thehead when he tried to play cricket, Marcin began to abhorthe sport).

acquiesce(v.) to agree without protesting (Though Mr. Pospieszny wanted to

stay outside and work in his garage, when his wife told him that hehad better come in to dinner, he acquiescedto her demands.)

alacrity(n.) eagerness, speed (For some reason, Simon loved to help hisgirlfriend whenever he could, so when his girlfriend asked him to setthe table he did so with alacrity.)

amiable(adj.) friendly (An amiable fellow, Neil got along with just abouteveryone.)

appease(v.) to calm, satisfy (When Jerry cries, his mother gives him chocolateto appeasehim.)

arcane(adj.) obscure, secret, known only by a few (The professor is an expertin arcaneKashubian literature.)

avarice(n.)excessive greed (The bankersavarice led him to amass anenormous personal fortune.)


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brazen(adj.) excessively bold, brash, clear and obvious (Critics condemnedthe writersbrazen attempt to plagiarise Frankow-Czerwonkos work.)

brusque(adj.)short, abrupt, dismissive (Simonsbrusque manner sometimesoffends his colleagues.)

cajole(v.) to urge, coax (Magda's friends cajoledher into drinking toomuch.)

callous(adj.) harsh, cold, unfeeling (The murdererscallous lack of remorseshocked the jury.)

candor(n.) honesty, frankness (We were surprised by the candorof thepoliticians speech because she is usually rather evasive.)

chide(v.) to voice disapproval (Hania chidedGregory for his vulgar habitsand sloppy appearance.)

circumspect(adj.)cautious (Though I promised Martas father I would bring herhome promptly by midnight, it would have been more circumspectnotto have specified a time.)

clandestine(adj.) secret (Announcing to her boyfriend that she was going to thelibrary, Maria actually went to meet George for a clandestine liaison.)

coerce


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(v.) to make somebody do something by force or threat (The courtdecided that David Beckham did not have to honor the contractbecause he had been coercedinto signing it.)

coherent(adj.) logically consistent, intelligible (William could not figure outwhat Harold had seen because he was too distraught to delivera coherentstatement.)

complacency(n.) self-satisfied ignorance of danger (Simon tried to shock his friendsout of theircomplacencyby painting a frightening picture of what mighthappen to them.)

confidant(n.) a person entrusted with secrets (Shortly after we met, he becamemy chiefconfidant.)

connive(v.) to plot, scheme (She connivedto get me to give up my plans tostart up a new business.)

cumulative

(adj.) increasing, building upon itself (The cumulative effect of hoursspent using the World English website was a vast improvement in hisvocabulary and general level of English.)

debase(v.) to lower the quality or esteem of something (The large raise thathe gave himselfdebasedhis motives for running the charity.)

decry(v.) to criticize openly (Andrzej Lepper, the leader of the Polish SelfDefence partydecriedthe appaling state of Polish roads.)

deferential


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(n.) ill will, hatred, hostility (John and Scott have clearly not forgiveneach other, because the enmitybetween them is obvious to anyone intheir presence.)

erudite(adj.) learned (My English teacher is such an erudite scholar that hehas translated some of the most difficult and abstruse Old Englishpoetry.)

extol(v.) to praise, revere (Kamila extolledthe virtues of a vegetarian dietto her meat-loving boyfriend.)

fabricate(v.) to make up, invent (When I arrived an hour late to class,I fabricatedsome excuse about my car breaking down on the way towork.)

feral(adj.) wild, savage (That beast looks so feralthat I would fear beingalone with it.)

flabbergasted

(adj.) astounded (Whenever I read an Agatha Christie mystery novel, Iam alwaysflabbergastedwhen I learn the identity of the murderer.)

forsake(v.) to give up, renounce (I won't forsake my conservative principles.)

fractious(adj.)troublesome or irritable (Although the child insisted he wasnttired, hisfractious behaviour - especially his decision to crush his jamsandwiches all over the floor - convinced everyone present that it wastime to put him to bed.)

furtive


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(adj.)secretive, sly (Claudias placement of her drugs in her sockdrawer was not as furtive as she thought, as the sock drawer is thefirst place most parents look.)

gluttony(n.)overindulgence in food or drink (Helens fried chicken tastes sodivine, I dont know how anyone can callgluttonya sin.)

gratuitous(adj.) uncalled for, unwarranted (Every evening the guy at the fish andchip shop gives me a gratuitous helping of vinegar.)

haughty(adj.)disdainfully proud (The superstarshaughtydismissal of her co-stars will backfire on her someday.)

hypocrisy(n.) pretending to believe what one does not (Once the politicianbegan passing legislation that contradicted his campaign promises,his hypocrisybecame apparent.)

impeccable(adj.) exemplary, flawless (If your grades were as impeccable as yourbrothers, then you too would receive a car for a graduation present.)

impertinent(adj.) rude, insolent (Most of your comments are so impertinentthat Idont wish to dignify them with an answer.)

implacable(adj.) incapable of being appeased or mitigated (Watch out: once youshun Grandmothers cooking, she is totallyimplacable.)

impudent(adj.) casually rude, insolent, impertinent (The impudentyoungwoman looked her teacher up and down and told him he was hot.)


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incisive(adj.)clear, sharp, direct (The discussion wasnt going anywhere untilher incisivecomment allowed everyone to see what the true issueswere.)

indolent(adj.) lazy (Why should my indolentchildren, who cant even pickthemselves up off the sofa to pour their own juice, be rewarded with atrip to Burger King?)

inept(adj.) not suitable or capable, unqualified (She proved how ineptshewas when she forgot two orders and spilled a pint of cider in a

customers lap.)infamy

(n.) notoriety, extreme ill repute (The infamyof his crime will notlessen as time passes.)

inhibit(v.) to prevent, restrain, stop (When I told you I needed the car last

night, I certainly never meant to inhibityou from going out.)

innate(adj.) inborn, native, inherent (His incredible athletic talent is innate,he never trains, lifts weights, or practices.)

insatiable(adj.) incapable of being satisfied (My insatiable appetite for blondeswas a real problem on my recent holiday in Japan!)

insular(adj.) separated and narrow-minded; tight-knit, closed off (Because ofthe sensitive nature of their jobs, those who work for MI5 mustremain insularand generally only spend time with each other.)

intrepid


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(adj.) brave in the face of danger (After scaling a live volcano prior toits eruption, the explorer was praised for his intrepidattitude.)

inveterate(adj.)stubbornly established by habit (Im the first to admit that Iman inveteratecider drinkerI drink four pints a day.)jubilant

(adj.) extremely joyful, happy (The crowd wasjubilantwhen thefirefighter carried the woman from the flaming building.)

knell(n.) the solemn sound of a bell, often indicating a death (Echoingthroughout our village, the funeral knellmade the grey day even moregrim.)

lithe(adj.) graceful, flexible, supple (Although the dancers were alloutstanding, Joannas control of herlithe body was particularlyimpressive.)

lurid(adj.)ghastly, sensational (Barrys story, in which he described a

character torturing his neighbour's tortoise, was judged too luridto bepublished on the English Library's website.)maverick

(n.) an independent, nonconformist person (John is areal maverickand always does things his own way.)

maxim(n.) a common saying expressing a principle of conduct (Ms. Stones

etiquettemaxims are both entertaining and instructional.)meticulous

(adj.) extremely careful with details (The ornate needlework in thebrides gown was a product ofmeticulous handiwork.)

modicum


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(n.) a small amount of something (Refusing to display evena modicumof sensitivity, Magda announced her bosss affair to theentire office.)

morose(adj.)gloomy or sullen (Davidsmorose nature made him veryunpleasant to talk to.)

myriad(adj.) consisting of a very great number (It was difficult to decide whatto do on Saturday night because the city presented uswith myriadpossibilities for fun.)

nadir(n.) the lowest point of something (My day was boring, butthe nadircame when my new car was stolen.)

nominal(adj.) trifling, insignificant (Because he was moving the following weekand needed to get rid of his furniture more than he needed money,Kim sold everything for a nominalprice.)

novice

(n.) a beginner, someone without training or experience (Because wewere allnovices at archery, our instructor decided to begin with thebasics

nuance(n.) a slight variation in meaning, tone, expression (The nuances ofthe poem were not obvious to the casual reader, but the teacher wasable to point them out.)

oblivious(adj.) lacking consciousness or awareness of something (Oblivious tothe burning smell emanating from the kitchen, my father did notnotice that the rolls in the oven were burned until much too late.)

obsequious


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(adj.)excessively compliant or submissive (Donald acted like Susansservant, obeying her every request in an obsequious manner.)

obtuse(adj.) lacking quickness of sensibility or intellect (Political opponentswarned that the prime ministersobtuse approach to foreign policywould embroil the nation in mindless war.)

panacea(n.) a remedy for all ills or difficulties (Doctors wish there was asinglepanaceafor every disease, but sadly there is not.)

parody(n.) a satirical imitation (A hush fell over the classroom when theteacher returned to find Magdalena acting out aparodyof his teachingstyle.)

penchant(n.)a tendency, partiality, preference (Fionas dinner parties quicklybecame monotonous on account of herpenchantfor Indian dishes.)

perusal(n.) a careful examination, review (The actor agreed to accept the roleafter a three-monthperusalof the movie script.)

plethora(n.) an abundance, excess (The wedding banquet includedaplethora of oysters piled almost three feet high.)

predilection(n.) a preference or inclination for something (James hasapredilection for eating toad in the whole with tomato ketchup.)

quaint(adj.) charmingly old-fashioned (Mary was delighted bythe quaintbonnets she saw in Romania.)


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rash(adj.)hasty, incautious (Its best to think things over calmly andthoroughly, rather than make rash decisions.)

refurbish(v.) to restore, clean up (After being refurbishedthe old Triumphmotorcycle commanded the handsome price of $6000.)

repudiate(v.) to reject, refuse to accept (Tom made a strong case for anextension of his curfew, but his mother repudiatedit with a few bitingwords.)

rife(adj.)abundant (Surprisingly, the teachers writing wasrife withspelling errors.)

salient(adj.) significant, conspicuous (One of the salientdifferences betweenAlison and Helen is that Alison is a couple of kilos heavier.)

serendipity

(n.) luck, finding good things without looking for them (In an amazingbit ofserendipity, penniless Mark found a $50 bill on the back seat ofthe bus.)

staid(adj.) sedate, serious, self-restrained (The staidbutler never changedhis expression no matter what happened.)

superfluous(adj.) exceeding what is necessary (Samantha had already won thecampaign so her constant flattery of others was superfluous.)

sycophant


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(n.) one who flatters for self-gain (Some see the people in the cabinetas the Prime Ministers closest advisors, but others see themas sycophants.)

taciturn(adj.) not inclined to talk (Though Magda never seems to stop talking,her brother is quite taciturn.)

truculent(adj.) ready to fight, cruel (This club doesnt really attract thedangerous types, so why was that bouncer being so truculent?)

umbrage(n.) resentment, offence (He called me a lily-livered coward, and Itook umbrageat the insult.)

venerable(adj.) deserving of respect because of age or achievement(The venerable High Court judge had made several key rulings inlandmark cases throughout the years.)

vex(v.) to confuse or annoy (My boyfriend vexes me by pinching mybottom for hours on end.)

vociferous(adj.)loud, boisterous (Im tired of hisvociferouswhining so Imbreaking up with him.)

wanton(adj.)undisciplined, lewd, lustful (Joannaswanton demeanor oftenmade the frat guys next door very excited.)

zenith(n.) the highest point, culminating point (I was too nice to tell Emily that she

had reached the absolutezenith of her career with that one top 10 hit of

hers.)


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Writing dialogue skills - activities to answer the question

1. Teacher : All the students except you, have submitted theassignment. I dont see how you can get away

with it.

Student : Must I complete the assignment before thisevening?

Teacher : Yes, you must.

2. Ravi brought a letter from his school to his father with a

request to permit him to attend NSS camp for ten days.Father : Were planning to go to Thiruppathi next week. Do

you really need to attend the camp?

Ravi : Yes, Daddy. Im an NSS volunteer. I am afraid I cantavoid it.

Father : What do you all do there?

Ravi : We have to render some social service to the villagers.Father : OK then, go ahead with your camp.

TASKS: Write dialogues for the following situations, eachperson in a dialogue having atleast four turns:

1. Your friend has to catch the train at 9 pm. You advise him that

it is necessary to be at the station before 8.30 pm.

2. The postman delivers a parcel to you. He asks you to sign aform.

3. You are in a shop to complain about a camera you have bought,which does not work properly.You speak to the manager about

his obligation to replace it.

Asking others to do something in English - "you have to" or"should I"

ASKING IF/SAYING ONE IS OBLIGED TODO SOMETHING

WARM UP

You have to leave your footwear outside.

Where have you seen this kind of instruction?Why is it necessary to follow this instruction?

LETS ROLE PLAY

1.Arundathi : My son in Delhi has written to me asking me

to go over there next Monday.

Bhagyam : What for?

Arundathi : It seems he has to attend a training programme
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at Kolkatta. Do I need to go?

Bhagyam : Yes, I think you ought to go. His family needs

some elderly person to be with them.

Arundathi : In that case let me tell my husband to book atrain ticket for me to Delhi.

Bhagyam :Its better if he books today itself.

Arundathi :Yes, thats a good idea.

2. In a Transport Company, the manager has received a court

warrant for deposing before the magistrate about a bus

accident.

Transport Inspector : Sir, did you see the warrant from the

magistrate court?

Manager :Yes, but I didnt see the details.

Transport Inspector : You know, Sir. One of our buses plying

to Trichy was involved in an accident a

fortnight ago.

Manager : Oh! I see. Are we required to be present

in the court?Transport Inspector : I think we are under an obligation todepose before the magistrate.

Manager : Who will do it, you or me, Sir?

Transport Inspector : One of us can represent our company. I

myself will attend because I know allthe details of the case very well.

Manager : OK. Thank you.

FOCUS ON COMMUNICATION

Asking if one is obliged to do something

Informal & Neutral

Have I got to ?

I havent got to ..Have I?Must/should I ..?

Formal

Are we under any ...obligation to

Are we / Arent we obliged to/ required to ?

Is the onus upon me ?

Saying one is obliged to do something

Informal & Neutral

I think you have to.......

Im afraid youll have to ..Im afraid you should/ought to.

I think you are expected to

Im afraid you cant avoid .


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Formal

I think you areunder an obligation to .I think it is compulsory/ obligatory.I think the onus is upon us.

How to encourage others in English with example

1. Physical Education Teacher & Renuka

PET : Renu!You were mainly responsible for the victory

of our team in hockey. Thats great.

Renuka : But, Sir, I am anxious about playing for the statetournament.

PET :You are doing fine. Theres nothing to feeldiscouraged.

Renuka :Thank you for your encouragement, Sir. Im nowgoing home for the week end.

PET : Convey my regards to your Dad.Renuka : Yes, Sir. Let me take leave of you.

PET : OK, Bye.

Renuka : Good-bye, Sir.

2. School Pupil Leader (SPL) with senior students.

Student 1 : When are we getting the bus passes?

Many of our friends are asking for it.SPL :Im meeting the Headmaster this evening to

represent the matter. But I am a little scared.

Student 2 : Why should you? Go ahead. Were right behindyou.

SPL : Thanks a lot.

Student 1 : We were told that he was not too well yesterday.

So, before opening the matter, please enquireafter his health.

SPL :Ill try my best to convince the Headmaster

about the problem.Student 1 and 2: All the best.

SPL : Thank you.


A. Encouraging:

The expressions that can be used to encourage people in their

efforts and on their achievements, are detailed below:

Informal : Come on!Keep it up!

You can do it!

Go on!
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Neutral : Well done!

Youre doing fine / very well!

Thats fine / lovely / great!

Formal : You have our backing.

You have our whole-hearted supportWe feel you should go ahead.

Thats most encouraging.

B. Enquiring after someone:

Informal : Say hello to Prithiv.

Regards to your Dad and Mom.Give my love to your kids.

Neutral : Please give Mr. Baskar my best wishes.

Please remember me to your uncle.

Formal : Please give my regards to John.Would you give your Dad my kind regards?Please convey my best wishes to Rakhesh.

ORAL PRACTICE

Principal : Im happy to know you are among the top five in

the half yearly exam.Student : I got 96% Sir.

Principal :96 %! Thats great! Keep it up.Student : Thank you, Sir.

A: You seem to be in a hurry.B: Yes, Im taking a train to Chennai. Im attending an interview

for a job.

A: Good luck! By the way, will you meet our friend Sudhakar?

B:Im actually going to stay with him.A: Really? Give my love to him.

B: O sure. See you later.

A: Bye.

TASKS: Write dialogues for the following situations. Each

person in a dialogue can have four turns. Use both

encouraging expressions and utterances for enquiring

after someone.

1. The District Collector encourages a police officer who hasbeen awarded a medal for his meritorious service.

2. A boy encourages his younger sister who is participating in a

dance competition for the first time.

3. A teacher conveys his enquiries to the Headmaster of another

school through a friend working in that school.


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ACTIVITY: Pair work

Get your dialogues corrected by your teacher and role-play

them.

Discussing about higher study or Higer education in English

B. DISCUSSING HIGHER EDUCATION

Answer these questions:

1. Did you go to a nursery school?2. How many subjects did you study at the primary level?

3. How is the secondary school system different from the primary

level?

4. At what age do you leave school?

5. When you leave school will you take up a job or go for higher

education?

STUDYING IN COLLEGE / UNIVERSITY

You will soon pass the Higher Secondary Examination and if you

have done well will get a seat (a place) in a College or go into/enter a

University / an Institute. In a college you have the option of taking upa degree course or a diploma course.You could also avail of / receive

/ be awarded a grant / scholarship if you do extremely well in the

Higher Secondary Examination. Your teachers will be known aslecturers and professors and your lessons will be lectures anddissertations / projects / field study. You will be an undergraduate

while doing / studying the course and you will become a graduate

when you complete the course. If you go in for further study and

register for a second course or degree, you will be doing a post graduatedegree and on completion you will be a post graduate. You could go

on studying further through the M.Phil. course (Master of Philosophy)and end up with a Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) by conducting /carrying out / pursuing research in the subject of specialisation. In the

final analysis you could be considered a skilled / a technically trained

or an academically / professionally qualified person.

Task 1: The subjects you have studied at the school level are quitedifferent from those you would be studying at the higherlevel. Here are a few subjects which are the courses for

study. Each subject has its related branches. Name atleast

three related branches for each subject.

e.g. Film Technology: Cinematography,Animation, Directing

1. Medicine 2. Business Management

3.Law 4.Architecture

5. Politics 6. Education

7. Applied Science 8. Humanities

9. Catering 10. Engineering
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Task 2: The following terms are frequently used by students who

are at the Higher Secondary or undergraduate level:

To what do these terms refer?

1. Career Counsellors

2. Placement Agencies3. Student Advisory Bureau

4. Human Resource Development Department

Collect information on the above through reference work in the

library or Net.

Task 3: Role-play: Conduct a mock interview in the class between

a career counsellor and a student who wants to goabroad for further studies. With the information gatheredunder Task 2 construct your dialogue, using the italicised

terms from the write-up on Studying College / University.

Highlight the following:

1. The course chosen2. Procedures for obtaining application form3. Information on Universities which conduct the course withoutscholarships or grants

4. How to apply?

5. Are there research facilities available?

6. What are the tests and exams to be taken for admission?

English word related to occupation - questions and roleplayto improve english

Task 1: The following are words pertaining to occupations:

Job - regularly paid position, post or occupationProfession - a paid occupation that requires advanced educationand training

Career - profession or occupation with opportunities foradvancement or promotions

Task 2: Role Play

1. Gather information on the following occupations.

2. Imagine you are working in one of these and address the classabout yourself and your job. You may use some of the words/phrases underlined in the reading passage with reference to

a) the hours of work

b) the responsibilities of the work

c) the promotion / growth opportunitiesd) the retirement benefits

e) perquisites

1. Radiographer 2. Front Office Executive
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3. Security Officer 4. Telephone Operator

5. Nursing Staff6. Admiral

7. Copy-writer 8. Chemist

9. Physician 10. Ecologist11. Free-lancer 12. Technician

Task 3: Put the following questions to a neighbour, a family friend,your parents and your teacher and record their responses.

The meaning of the words / phrases have been given in

brackets for your benefit:

1. What is your occupation?

2. Do you have job satisfaction in your work place (A feeling that

your job is worth doing and refreshes you)?

3. Do you get regular salary increments (increase in pay)?

4. Does you job require you to work hard or to get better qualified

academically to keep you climbing the ladder (to get promotions)?

5. Would you reach a glass ceiling in this post (reach a level whereyou cannot get further promotion even if you deserve it)?

6. What is your holiday entitlement (number of days you have aright to take leave)?Discuss the findings in the class.

Expressing sympathy - O God, HOw sad, using it inconversation - formal and informal

EXPRESSING SYMPATHY

WARM UP

The Newsreader on TV: Ninety children studying in classes

I to V were burnt to death in a fire accident in a school inKumbakonam.

Viewer: O God! How sad!

LETS ROLE PLAY

1. Formal

Student : May I know why you look sad, Sir?

Teacher : Im really upset; you know, my uncle passed awayday before yesterday.

Student : Im very sorry to hear that, Sir.

Teacher : In fact, it was he who brought me up. He was mygodfather too.

Student : How sad, Sir!

Teacher : Well miss him a lot.

Student : Time is the best healer, Sir.Teacher : Thank you for the comforting words.

Student : It was the least I could do.
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2. Neutral

A: Why do you look upset?

B: You know, I have lost my wallet somewhere thismorning.

A:Oh, Im very sorry to hear that. How much money did

you have in it?B: I had Rs.500 /- in it.

A: Which places did you visit from the morning?

B:I went to the restaurant for breakfast and then ..

A:Why dont you speak to the person in the cash counter?B: Yes, let me try.

A: I hope you will get it back.


Some of the expressions we use for sympathising with peoplewho are in distress in various situations are given below.

Formal

I am most upset to hear that.

What a terrible situation for you!One should not worry too muchI do sympathise with you.

Informal

What a pity! Thats awful.How sad! Poor old you,

Neutral

O dear! I am sorry. Im awfully sorry.

What bad luck! Thats a pity!

You must be very upset / annoyed.

Task 1:In each of the following exchanges, the one who

sympathises is not using the appropriate expression,

make his expression communicatively effective.

a. A: My cousin got his leg fractured in an accident.

B:Hes poor.

A & B are watching a cricket match on TV

b. A: How great Anil Kumble is! Look here, hes bowled out

Muralidharan. (Suddenly the power goes off)

B: The power has gone; it is bad.

Task 2: On the first day of the Pongal holidays, you ring up to

your friend Arvind to invite him to a party that evening.


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He tells you he is running a high temperature. Write atelephone conversation between you and your friend.

Task 3: Your uncle has invested all his lifes savings in acompany. He has just heard that the company has gonebankrupt. Write a dialogue between you and your

uncle.

Explaining the scenrio - giving reason in English - Exampleusage of "reason, explain"

GIVING REASONSWARM UP

The quality of life of a villager in India is far inferior to that ofa villager in the West because the people in India do not receive

good education.Do you agree with the reason for the poor quality of life in

India?Formal

The principal has called Rahim into his chamber to talk tohim about an offer of scholarship to study in Malaysia.

Principal :Dont you think the scholarship is a great boon

youve got. Why do you decline this offer?

Rahim : I do realise the value of the scholarship, sir. But if I

could explain, my mother doesnt want me to gooverseas.

Principal : Why?

Rahim : You know, Sir. I am a fatherless boy and Im the onlyson at home. My mother living alone for three yearsin my absence! She cannot even think of it.

Principal : Nobody to take care of her?

Rahim : My uncle, my mothers brother, is already in Dubai.Principal : Oh, I see. Then you are justified.

Informal

Leela and Brinda are friends staying in a college hostel.

Leela : Hi! Good morning! Where were you all the while?

Brinda :Im very much here.Leela :But I couldnt see you at breakfast.Brinda : Well, I woke up early this morning so that I could gofor a long walk.

Leela :Didnt you have your breakfast?Brinda : I did. I was the last person to come out of the dininghall.
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The expressions that can be used for giving reasons effectively

are as follows:

Formal Situations

If I could explain .

The main reason is that

I believe hes fully justified in supporting ..

Informal Situations

The simple reason is that ..

The point is ..

Your father has a point in asking you

Well, the thing is .

ORAL PRACTICE

A telephone conversation between a father and his son whois in the hostel.

Father : Hello, Shyam! How are you?Shyam :Im fine, Dad. Hows everyone at home?

Father : All are fine. Have you received the DD I sent?

Shyam : I just got it, its for Rs. 500/-, Dad.

But Im afraid I may need another Rs. 500 /-Father : What? Another Rs. 500 /-? What for?

Shyam : Well, Dad the thing is that the last month mess bill has

gone up to Rs. 850 /-Father : Has it? OK then. Ill send a DD for another Rs. 500 /- in a day or two.

Shyam : Thank you Daddy.

Father : Take care of your health.Shyam : Yes, Daddy, bye.

Father : See you, bye.

TASK:Choose the appropriate expression to fill in each blank

from the two given in brackets.

Most of the students taking entrance test for medicine want to

become doctors (because / so that) they can earn alot of money. The expenditure involved for completing the course

.. (justifies / satisfies) their motive to earn money.But 90 % of the doctors want to work only in towns and cities

.. (because / so that) medical ethics is not imbibed inthem. The .. (idea / point) here is that neither the college

nor the parents give importance to ethics.


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1. Raghu :Hari! I didnt see you in the class yesterday.

You didnt come to the assembly either.

Where were you?Hari :I didnt come to school yesterday.that I was down with viral fever.

2. Ramya : Why do you look dull?

Sowmya :My father has bought me a Scooty

I have got the first rank in the exam.

Ramya : Oh, Thats good news! You should be happy aboutthat!

Sowmya: But he allows me to drive only around my colony.

I cant take it on the highway.

Ramya :Sowmi, your father has a . Thetraffic on the highways is heavy now-a-days.

You havent got enough experience yet.

Glossary - talking about object apperance

Glossary:

curl : twist/coilroll : to curl /bend

prevalent : commondrained : water running off or flowing away

organic : naturalcompost : manure

shielded : protectedscraps : bits and pieces

pitchfork : long handled fork with two or three long curved

tines for lifting, turning or tossingaeration tool : tool used to expose circulation of air to purify

weeds : wild plantssedges : grass-like plants growing on wet ground

havoc : mess /disorderyield : produce

gnats : insects

peat : brownish deposit of partially decomposedvegetable matter saturated with watershovel : spade

prune : clip/trim

biennial : twice a yeargalls : an abnormal outgrowth in plant tissue caused

by certain parasitic insectspathogens : agents that can cause disease

dialogue writed exercise

1. Teacher (announces) : Tomorrow you will take a test in

Hydrostatics?Student : I beg your pardon, Sir. Is ithydraulics?
http://www.improvespokenenglish.org/2010/12/glossary-talking-about-object-apperance.htmlhttp://www.improvespokenenglish.org/2010/12/dialogue-writed-exercise.htmlhttp://www.improvespokenenglish.org/2010/12/dialogue-writed-exercise.htmlhttp://www.improvespokenenglish.org/2010/12/glossary-talking-about-object-apperance.html


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Teacher : No, I said hydrostatics.

Student : Thank you, Sir.

2. Jaya : Hey, there was an interesting programme on TV lastnight. It was, The Bold and the Beautiful.

(telephone rings)Reena : Could I ask you to repeat that?

Jaya: The Bold and the Beautiful.

3. Anil: Hello, Mohamad, you look sad. Whats thematter?

Mohamad: Im badly in need of money now. Can you helpme?

Anil : Oh sure, how much do you need?

Mohamad : Five thousand rupees.

Anil : Pardon?

Mohamad: I want five thousand rupees; Ill return it within

a week.Anil: Thats allright, shall I give you a cheque?Mohamad: Of course, Ill encash it tomorrow. Thank you.

Anil : Welcome.

TASK:Write dialogues for the following situations. Let each

person have about four turns in a dialogue.

1. You notice a snake in the backyard. There is no one else in thehouse. You seek the help of your neighbour.

2. You want a one-rupee coin to make a telephone call. Youhave no change on you.

3. You ask your friend over phone requesting him to book a ticketfor Bangalore.

importnt vocab

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