important empires i unit 5. important empires i 1. map 2. timeline 3. gupta empire 4. tang dynasty...
TRANSCRIPT
Important Empires I
1. Map2. Timeline3. Gupta Empire4. Tang Dynasty5. Byzantine Empire6. Muslim Empire
Timeline
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
Gupta Empire
Tang Dynasty
Byzantine Empire
Muslim Empire
Two Important Terms
1. Empire: A civilization that takes over other territories and unites them under one ruler
2. Golden Age: A time of peace and prosperity
Gupta Empire
India’s Golden Age:
-Came during the Gupta Empire
-Chandra Gupta started the empire
-Golden Age: A time in a culture’s history where there is peace and prosperity, there are many great cultural contributions
Gupta Contributions to Our Society
1. Decimal System
2. Arabic Numerals {1,2,3,4,5,……………………..}
3. Concept of Zero -
Tang Dynasty
1. Influence on Japan and Korea:- Much of Japanese and Korean culture was borrowed from the Chinese during the Tang Dynasty
- Buddhism- Writing System- Confucianism: “5 Relationships”- Respect for
nature
The Silk Road
Helped the Dynasty extend WestwardConnected China with western cultures (Muslim
and Byzantine Empires)
Tang Contributions to Our Society
1. Gunpowder
2. Porcelain
3. Compass
4. Spinning Wheel
5. Mechanical Clock
6. Block Printing
Byzantine EmpireCreated: It was the Eastern Half of the Old Roman Empire
How the Byzantine Empire Compared with the Roman Empire
Capital Religion Language
Other Information
HolyRomanEmpire
RomeRomanCatholic(Christian)
Latin
-The Western Half of the old Roman Empire
-Fell into the “Dark Ages”
Byzantine
ConstantinopleEastern(Greek)Orthodox(Christian)
Greek
-The Eastern Half of the Old Roman Empire
-Grew strong and lasted 1,000 years
Impact on Russia
Religion: Eastern Orthodox spread to Russia (known as Russian Orthodox)
Trade: Many Byzantine ideas were introduced into Russia
1. Cyrillic Alphabet
2. Religion
3. Art Work (Mosaic)
4. Architecture
Contributions to Our Society
Justinian’s Code:- The laws of the Byzantine Empire based on the “Twelve
Tables” of Roman law, became a basis for laws in many European nations
- Thousands of laws- More modern law code
Art and Architecture:- Usually supported the Christian Church
Preservers of Greek and Roman culture:- The Byzantine Empire saved the knowledge, art, and ideas of the old Roman and Greek cultures- “Classical” culture
Reasons why the Empire lasted so long
1. Organized Government
2. Did not get to be too big
3. Minded their own business
How it Spread:
Origin: Out of Mecca, east to India, west across North Africa and on into Spain
Growth: to spread Islam to other people1. Military conquest – took about 100 years to expand the empire
- They were great fighters, if they died in battle, they believed they would go directly to heaven (Jihad)
- They treated conquered people fairly – better than previous rulers
Battle of Tours: (732 CE)1. In Southern France2. The French Christians, under Charles Martel, defeated the Muslims and stopped their advance in Europe
Golden Age: (700-900 CE)1. A time of great learning and cultural diffusion
Muslim Empire
Mathematics Astronomy
Spread Gupta math ideas Created Algebra and
Trigonometry
Contributions to Our Society
-Learned from Greek ideas-Study of the stars; created astronomical tables
Medicine Islamic Law
Created Hospitals Wrote medical textbooks Doctors required to pass
exams to practice medicine
Based on Islamic religious laws in the Qu’ran
Became the basis for political laws in the empire
Contributions continued…..
Architecture Banking
Influenced by Byzantine and Indian styles
Used Money Allowed credit (money
borrowing) to be used
Contributions continued…
Preservers of the Greek and Roman culture
Preserved the Roman and Greek ideas that they got from their contacts with the Byzantine Empire
Preserved them
They improved upon them (i.e. translated Roman writings, etc…)
Essential Questions
1. What would be the most influential contributions from these Empires?A.) Technology: mechanical clock, gunpowder, block printing, compassB.) Learning: mathematics, science, medicine, preservation of Greek and Roman culture by the Muslim and Byzantine EmpiresC.) Laws: Justinian’s Code
2. Why did the Muslim Empire become the most influential on European culture?- Their geographic nearness to Europe (they were centrally located among these empires and the Muslims shared the ideas they obtained from other cultures with Europeans)- Great traders with Europe- The Crusades