important banking awareness capsule for ibps po-v mains 2015-www.ibpsguide.com

www.ibpsguide.com

www.ibpsguide.com | mock.ibpsguide.in | www.sscexamguide.com

Important Banking Awareness Capsule for IBPS PO-V Mains 2015

CONTENT

S.no Topics Page No

1. Priority Sector Lending 02

2. Important Types of Banking 03

3. Important Codes Used in Banking 04

4. NEFT and RTGS 05

5. Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation of India 06

6. Important Articles on Banking Topics 08

7. Important Banking Terminology 41

8. Roles and Functions of RBI 44

9. Important RBI Acts and its Functions 46

10. Types of Banks 47

11. Types of Accounts and its Functions 49

12. Types of Cheques and its Categorization 50

13. Types of Loans and its Operations 52

14. Negotiable Instruments 53

15. Credit Cards and its Types 54

16. Letter of Credit (LC) 56

17. Money Market Instruments 59

18. Banking Ombudsman Scheme 61

19. Important Information about Nationalized Banks in India 61

20. List of Banking Abbreviations 62

http://www.ibpsguide.com/

www.ibpsguide.com


Priority Sector Lending

Priority Sector refers to those sectors of the economy which may not get timely and

adequate credit in the absence of this special dispensation

Priority Sector Lending is an important role given by RBI to the banks for providing a

specified portion of the bank lending to few specific sectors like agriculture and allied

activities, micro and small enterprises, poor people for housing, students for education and

other low income groups and weaker sections

The following are the categories of the Priority Sector

Agriculture and Allied Activities (Direct and Indirect finance) - Direct finance to agriculture

shall include short, medium and long term loans given for agriculture and allied activities

directly to individual farmers, Self-Help Groups (SHGs) or Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) of

individual farmers without limit and to others (such as corporates, partnership firms and

institutions) up to Rs. 20 lakh, for taking up agriculture/allied activities

Small Scale Industries (Direct and Indirect Finance) - Direct finance to small scale

industries (SSI) shall include all loans given to SSI units which are engaged in

manufacture, processing or preservation of goods and whose investment in plant and

machinery (original cost) excluding land and building

Small Business / Service Enterprises - shall include small business, retail trade,

professional & self-employed persons, small road & water transport operators and other

service enterprises

Micro Credit - Provision of credit and other financial services and products of very small

amounts not exceeding Rs. 50,000 per borrower to the poor in rural, semi-urban and urban

areas, either directly or through a group mechanism, for enabling them to improve their

living standards, will constitute micro credit

Education loans - Education loans include loans and advances granted to only individuals

for educational purposes up to Rs. 10 lakh for studies in India and Rs. 20 lakh for studies

abroad, and do not include those granted to institutions


www.ibpsguide.com


Housing loans: Loans up to Rs. 28 lakh in metropolitan cities where population is above

Rs.10 lakh and Rs. 20 Lakh at other center s for construction/purchase of a dwelling unit

per family provided total cost of the unit in metropolitan centres and at other centres does

not exceed Rs. 35 Lacs and Rs. 25 Lacs respectively

Important Types Of Banking

Central Banking

The duty of central banks is to maintain financial stability, otherwise a country's

economy will not operate properly

They act as regulators of their country's interest rates by controlling the amount of

money in circulation and buying and selling currencies

They act as lenders of last resort, should another bank get into trouble

They exist as a separate entity from all the other banks

Retail Banking

Retail banks are the high street banks

They take deposits from individuals, provide saving facilities and pay interest on these

accounts

They also lend money to individuals, in the form of loans and overdrafts, and charge

interest on the money they lend

They provide a range of other financial services

Commercial Banking

Commercial banks, or divisions of banks, provide banking services to businesses, from

small companies through to corporate banking directed at large corporations

They help companies raise finance to expand their businesses and to maintain their

cash-flow by lending them money

Investment Banking


www.ibpsguide.com


Investment banks distribute and underwrite (guarantee the sale of) share and bond

issues

They trade securities on the financial markets and advise corporations on capital market

activities such as mergers and acquisitions

Investment banks originally developed in the US and these banks have now taken over

many roles that were previously carried out by UK merchant banks

Important Codes Used In Banking

IFSC (Indian Financial System Code):

Indian Financial System Code is an alpha-numeric code that uniquely identifies a bank-

branch participating in the NEFT system

This is an 11 digit code with the first 4 alpha characters representing the bank, the 5th

character is 0 (zero) and the last 6 characters representing the bank branch

IFSC is used by the NEFT system to identify the destination banks and also to route the

messages appropriately to concerned bank

MICR – Magnetic ink character Recognition:

MICR is 9 digit numeric code that uniquely identifies a bank branch participating in

electronic clearing scheme

It is used to identify the location of a bank branch

City (3 digits), Bank (3 digits) and Branch (3 digits)

The MICR code is allotted to a bank branch is printed on the MICR band of cheques

MICR used for electronic credit system

SWIFT Code:

Society for worldwide Interbank financial tele-communication

India was 74th nation to join SWIFT Network

SWIFT Code is a standard format of bank Identifier code


www.ibpsguide.com


This code is used particularly in International transfer of money between banks

A majority of FOREX related message are sent to correspondent banks abroad through

SWIFT

SWIFT Code consist 8 or 11 character when code is 8 digit, It is referred to primary

office

4 digits – bank code, 2 digits – country code, 2 digits – location code and 3 – branch

code (optional)

NEFT And RTGS

National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) system is a nationwide funds transfer system to

facilitate transfer of funds from any bank branch to any other bank branch

The Step by Step operation of NEFT is as follows

Step-1: The remitter fills in the NEFT Application form giving the particulars of the

beneficiary (bank-branch, beneficiary's name, account type and account number)

and authorises the branch to remit the specified amount to the beneficiary by raising

a debit to the remitter's account. (This can also be done by using net banking

services offered by some of the banks)

Step-2: The remitting branch prepares a Structured Financial Messaging Solution

(SFMS) message and sends it to its Service Centre for NEFT.

Step-3: The Service Centre forwards the same to the local RBI (National Clearing

Cell, Mumbai) to be included for the next available settlement. Presently, NEFT is

settled in six batches at 0930, 1030, 1200, 1300, 1500 and 1600 hours on weekdays

and 0930, 1030 and 1200 hours on Saturdays

Step-4: The RBI at the clearing centre sorts the transactions bank-wise and

prepares accounting entries of net debit or credit for passing on to the banks

participating in the system. Thereafter, bank-wise remittance messages are

transmitted to banks.

Step-5: The receiving banks process the remittance messages received from RBI

and affect the credit to the beneficiaries' accounts.


www.ibpsguide.com


Real Time Gross Settlement(RTGS) - the continuous (real-time) settlement of funds

transfers individually on an order by order basis

Real Time - the processing of instructions at the time they are received rather than

at some later time

Gross Settlement - the settlement of funds transfer instructions occurs individually

The Differences between NEFT and RTGS are as follows

The fundamental difference between RTGS and NEFT, is that while RTGS is based

on gross settlement, NEFT is based on net-settlement

Gross settlement is where a transaction is completed on a one-to-one basis without

bunching with other transactions. As for a Deferred Net Basis (DNS), or net-

settlement, this is where transactions are completed in batches at specific times.

Here, all transfers will be held up until a specific time. RTGS transactions are

processed throughout the working hours of the system

RTGS transactions involve large amounts of cash, basically only funds above Rs

100,000 may be transferred using this system. For NEFT, any amount below Rs

100,000 may be transferred, and this system is generally for smaller value

transactions involving smaller amounts of money

RTGS processes in real-time (‘push’ transfer), while NEFT processes in cycles

during the given working day. This causes a NEFT transaction that is initiated later

than the last cycle to be completed the next day

Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation of India

Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation ( DICGC) is a subsidiary of Reserve

Bank of India(RBI) established on July 15, 1979 under Deposit Insurance and Credit

Guarantee Corporation Act, 1961 for the purpose of providing insurance of deposits and

guaranteeing of credit facilities


www.ibpsguide.com


Objective – to provide for the benefit of depositors in bank, insurance against the loss of all

of their deposits in all branches of a bank to a maximum of Rs. 100,000

Head Office – Mumbai

It has four branches in Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata and Nagpur

The management of the Corporation consists of a Board of Directors, of which a Deputy

Governor of the RBI is the Chairman. The Board consist of the following members besides

the Chairman

one Officer (normally in the rank of Executive Director) of the RBI

one Officer from the Central Government

five Directors nominated by the Central Government in consultation with the RBI

a) three of whom are persons having special knowledge of commercial banking,

insurance, commerce, industry or finance

b) two of whom shall be persons having special knowledge of, or experience in

co-operative banking or co-operative movement

four Directors, nominated by the Central Government in consultation with the RBI,

having special knowledge or practical experience in respect of accountancy,

agriculture and rural economy, banking, co-operation, economics, finance, law or

small scale industry or any other matter which may be considered to be useful to

the Corporation

The Corporation maintains the following 2 separate funds which are funded by the premium

and guarantee fees received

Deposit Insurance Fund

Credit Guarantee Fund

One more fund called General Fund is maintained which holds the capital of the

Corporation, the staff establishment and administrative expenses

The following are the types of deposits covered DICGC insures all bank deposits


www.ibpsguide.com


Saving

Fixed

Current

Recurring

The following are the deposits which are not covered by DICGC

Deposits of foreign Governments

Deposits of Central/State Governments

Inter-bank deposits

Deposits of the State Land Development Banks with the State co-operative banks

Any amount due on account of and deposit received outside India

Any amount which has been specifically exempted by the corporation with the

previous approval of the RBI

Financial Inclusion

1). Financial inclusion or inclusive financing is the provision of financial services to low income

and disadvantaged sections of the society at affordable costs. Financial Inclusion Committee is

headed by Deepak Mohanty.

2). Globally about 2 billion working age adults have no access to any type of formal financial

services delivered by the financial institutions

3). The goals of Financial inclusion as defined by the United nations is as follows

To provide sound and safe institutions governed by clear regulation and industry

performance standard

To provide financial services like savings, deposit, payments, transfer, credit and

insurance services at a reasonable cost to all

To facilitate financial and institutional sustainability

To ensure continuity and certainty of investments


www.ibpsguide.com


4). Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI) – world’s largest and most prominent network of

financial inclusion

AFI was founded in 2008

It is a Bill & Melinda Gates foundation funded project supported by AusAid to speed

up the development of smart financial inclusion policy in developing countries

Its main aim is to adopt and expand effective inclusive financial policies in

developing nations to uplift 2.5 billion impoverished and unbanked citizens

AFI has over 105 institutions in 88 countries

It hosts annual Global Policy Forum(GPF) as an event for membership

In 2011 GPF, AFI adopted Maya Declaration – a set of principles and goals for

financial inclusion policy development

AFI uses Polylateral Development model – to contrast and compare successful

financial inclusion

5). In partnership with NABARD the United Nations aims to increase financial inclusion of the

poor by developing appropriate financial products

6). UN’s financial inclusion is financed by United Nations Development Program

7). In India the term financial inclusion was 1st used in the Annual Policy Statement presented

by Y. Venugopal Reddy former Governor of RBI

8). Some of the services provided under the term Financial Inclusion in India

Mangalam – 1st village in India where all households were provided banking facilities

Norms of banks were relaxed for people intending to open accounts with annual

deposits less than Rs. 50,000

General Credit Cards(GCC) were issued to poor and the disadvantaged to help

them with easy access to credit

RBI asked the commercial banks in different regions to start 100% financial inclusion

campaign

Pondicherry, Himachal Pradesh and Kerala announced 100% financial inclusion


www.ibpsguide.com


Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna – a national financial inclusion mission which aims

to provide bank accounts to low income people

9). Deposit Penetration – key driver of financial inclusion, the number of savings account - 624

million, is 4 times the number of loan accounts -160 million

10). The top three states/ union territories which tops in financial inclusion are as follows

Pondicherry

Chandigarh

Kerala

11). Top 3 districts are as follows

Pathanamthitta – Kerala

Karaikal – Pondicherry

Thiruvananthapuram – Kerala

White Label ATMs

1). When Automated Teller Machines (ATM) are owned and operated by private non-banking

companies they are known as White Label ATMs

2). Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has given permission to non-banking companies with minimum

net worth of Rs. 100 crore to apply for setting up White Label ATMs

As per RBI norms, non-bank company that owns white labeled ATMs should provide

banking services to customers based on cards issued by banks

3). RBI issued guidelines for white label ATMs in 2012

4). In 2013 RBI started issuing license for setting up White Label ATMs to non-bank

companies

5). Tata Communications Payment Solutions Ltd. – 1st company to receive license from RBI to

open White Label ATMs, they started their business under the brand name of ‘Indicash’

6).The following organizations plays an important role in the functioning of the White Label

ATMs


www.ibpsguide.com


RBI – it provides license to open White Label ATMs under the Payment and

Settlement Systems Act, 2007

Non-Bank Company or the White Label ATM Company

a. Rents the venue to set up the ATM

b. Maintains and services the machine

Sponsor Bank

a. Loads cash in the White Label ATM

b. Ensures that counterfeit currency notes are not circulated through these

ATMs

Payment Network Operator (PNO) provides technical connectivity in the system.

Some examples of PNOs are as follows

a. Visa

b. Mastercard

c. National Financial Switch (NFS) of National Payment Corporation of India

(NPCI)

7). Features of a White Label ATM are as follows

o Any customer belonging to any bank can carry out transactions in White Label

ATMs

o Every month the 1st 5 transactions are free of cost

o Users can withdraw a maximum amount of Rs. 10,000 per transaction

o Value added services like mobile recharge and utility bill payments can also be

done

8).On 9th September 2015, Union Cabinet approved 100% Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

under the automatic route for White Label ATM Operations (WLAO)

9). Before the approval of the government FDI in WLAO was allowed through government

approval route which was time consuming leading to delay in projects


www.ibpsguide.com


10).This approval will make FDI inflows in WLAO easier thus promoting financial inclusion in

the country including Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)

11).Some important non-bank companies that own and operate White Label ATMs in India are

as follows

Muthoot Finance

Srei Infrastructure

Vakrangee Software

Prizm Payments

Basel 1, 2 and 3 committee

1). On 26 June 1974 a number of banks had released Deutschmarks (the German currency) to

the Herstatt Bank in exchange for dollar payments deliverable in New York

2). Due to differences in the time zones, Herstatt Bank ceased operations between the times of

the respective payments and before the dollar payments could be effected in New York, the

Herstatt Bank was liquidated by German regulators

3). The G-10 nations responded to this incident by forming the Basel Committee on Banking

Supervision in late 1974, under the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) located in Basel,

Switzerland

BASEL-I

1). In1988 the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) in Basel published a set of

minimum capital requirements for banks known as Basel I norms

2). Features of Basel I

It mainly focused on credit or default risk i.e., the risk of counter party failure

It defined the capital requirement and structure of risk weights for banks

3). Assets of banks were classified and grouped in five categories according to credit risk,

carrying the following risk weights


www.ibpsguide.com


0% - cash, bullion, home country debt like Treasuries

20% - securitizations such as mortgage-backed securities (MBS) with the highest

AAA rating

50% - municipal revenue bonds, residential mortgages

100% - most corporate debt

4). Banks with an international presence are required to hold capital equal to 8% of their risk-

weighted assets (RWA).

At least 4% in Tier I Capital

More than 4% in Tier I and Tier II capital

5).From 1988 this framework was introduced within the G-10 nations initially and then over 100

countries adopted the rules prescribed by the Basel I

BASEL II

1). Basel II was introduced in 2004 with more refined definitions for capital adequacy, risk

management and disclosure requirements

2). It used external rating agencies to set the risk weights for corporate and banks

3). Disclosure requirements allowed market participants to access the capital adequacy of the

institution based on information on the following aspects

Scope of application

Capital

Risk exposure

Risk assessment processes

4). In Basel II norms Operational Risk has been defined as the risk of loss resulting from

inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems

5). Basel II uses a "three pillars" concept namely

minimum capital requirements


www.ibpsguide.com


a. The credit risk component can be calculated in three different ways of varying

degree of sophistication, namely standardized approach, Foundation IRB,

Advanced IRB and General IB2 Restriction. IRB stands for "Internal Rating-

Based Approach"

b. For operational risk, there are three different approaches – basic indicator

approach or BIA, standardized approach or TSA, and the internal

measurement approach

c. For market risk the preferred output its value at risk

supervisory review

a. This is a regulatory response to the first pillar, giving regulators better 'tools'

over those previously available

b. It also provides a framework for dealing with systemic risk, pension risk,

concentration risk, strategic risk, reputational risk, liquidity risk and legal risk,

which the accord combines under the title of residual risk

c. Banks can review their risk management system

d. The Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process (ICAAP) is a result of

Pillar 2 of Basel II accords

Market discipline - it supplements regulation as sharing of information facilitates

assessment of the bank by others, including investors, analysts, customers, other

banks, and rating agencies, which leads to good corporate governance

BASEL III

1). The Basel II regulations did not have any explicit norm on the debt that banks could take

but focused on financial institutions ignoring the systematic risks

2). Therefore to ensure that banks don’t take excessive debt and not rely on short term funds

the Basel III norms were proposed in 2010


www.ibpsguide.com


3). Basel III promoted a more resilient banking system on the following 4 important banking

parameters namely

o Capital

o Leverage

o Funding

o Liquidity

4). Requirements of common equity and Tier 1 capital will be 4.5% and 6% respectively

5). Leverage ratio calculated by dividing Tier 1 capital by the bank’s average total consolidated

assets will be greater than 3%

6). The minimum Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) will reach upto 100% by 1st January 2019 to

prevent situations like Bank Run

Gold Monetization Scheme

1). The Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley announced several steps for monetizing gold in

the Budget 2015-16 speech, one of them being Gold Monetization Scheme (GMS)

2).As per the Budget speech the stocks of gold in India were estimated to be over 20,000

tonnes but most of this gold is neither traded nor monetized

3).The Gold Monetization Scheme will replace the already existing Gold Deposit and Gold

Metal Loan Schemes

4). Objectives of the Gold Monetization Scheme are as follows

To mobilize the gold held by households and institutions in the country

To provide a push up to the gems and jewellery sector in the country by making gold

available as raw material on loan from the banks

To be able to reduce the dependency on import of gold over time to meet the

domestic demand

5). Features of GMS are as follows


www.ibpsguide.com


It facilitates the depositors of gold to earn interest on their metal accounts

Once the gold is deposited in metal account, it will start earning interest on the same

The banks would also be able to monetize the gold under this scheme

6). When a customer takes gold to deposit in a specified bank or agency the purity of the gold

is determined by a preliminary test which includes melting the gold and checking with the

consent of the customer

7). A preliminary XRF machine test is also conducted to tell the customer the approximate

amount of pure gold

8). If the customer agrees then he will have to fill a Know Your Customer (KYC) form to allow

the melting of gold

9). A fire array test will be conducted and the gold will be melted in the presence of the

customer to remove dirt or studs in the gold

10).The removed dirt or studs will be handed over to the customer and the purity of the gold

will be informed. After which the customer will be given a choice if he/she is willing to deposit

the gold or take it back

11). If the customer is willing to deposit the gold in the metal account then he/she will be given

a certificate by the Collection Center certifying the amount and purity of the deposited gold

12).The minimum quantity of gold that can be deposited by a customer is set as 30gms to

encourage even small depositors

13).The deposited gold will lent by the banks to jewelers at an interest rate little higher than the

interest paid to the customers

14).Both the principal and interest to be paid to the depositors of gold will be valued in gold

15).The tenure of gold deposits is likely to be for a minimum of 1 year. The customers will have

a choice to take cash or gold on redemption as per the preference stated at the time of deposit


www.ibpsguide.com


Payments Bank

1). A Payments bank is a type of non-full service niche bank in India

2). On 23rd September 2013, RBI formed a Committee on Comprehensive Financial Services

for Small Businesses and Low Income Households under the chairmanship of Nachiket Mor

3). The Nachiket Mor Committee submitted its report on 7th January 2014 recommending the

formation of a new category of bank called payments bank

4). On 27th November 2014 RBI released the final guidelines for payments banks

5). 41 entities had applied to the RBI for Payments bank license and an External Advisory

Committee(EAC) headed by Nachiket Mor evaluated the applications

6). During the presentation of the Union Budget it was announced that the India Post will use

its large network to run payments bank

7). On 19th August 2015 RBI gave in-principle licenses to 11-entities to establish payments

bank with a validity period of 18 months. The following are the 11-entities which were granted

licenses

Aditya Birla Nuvo

Airtel M Commerce Services

Cholamandalam Distribution Services

Department of Posts

FINO Pay Tech

National Securities Depository

Reliance Industries

Dilip Shanghvi – founder of Sun Pharmaceuticals

Vijay Shekhar Sharma – CEO of Paytm

Vodafone M-Pesa

Tech Mahindra

8). The RBI will consider to grant full licenses under Section 22 of the Banking Regulation Act

1949 after it is satisfied that all the conditions have been satisfied the above entities


www.ibpsguide.com


9). Payments bank can only receive deposits and provide remittances

10). It cannot carry out lending activities

11). The payments bank targets at

Migrant laborers

Low income households

Small businesses

Unorganized sector entities

12). The minimum capital requirement to establish a payments bank is Rs. 100 crore

13). For the 1st 5 years the stake of the promoter should be 40% minimum

14). The voting rights in payments bank are regulated by the Banking Regulation Act 1949

15). The voting right of any shareholder is capped at 10%, it can be increased to 26% by the

Reserve Bank of India(RBI)

16). RBI also regulates any acquisition over than 5%

17). Foreign investments will be allowed in these banks as per the rules of FDI in private banks

of India

18). Payments bank can accept utility bills but cannot form subsidiaries to undertake non-

banking activities

19). Initially the deposits will be capped at Rs. 1,00,000 per customer but can be raised by the

RBI based on the performance of the bank

20). 25% of branches of payments banks should be in the unbanked rural areas

21). A bank will be licensed as ‘Payments bank’ by the RBI under the Section 22 of the

Banking Regulation Act 1949 and will be registered as Public Limited Company under the

Companies Act 2013


www.ibpsguide.com


Bandhan Bank

Bandhan Bank appoints its Chairman, Boards of Directors:

Bandhan Bank Ltd on 9 July 2015 appointed its Chairman and Board of Directors. The bank

will commence its operations in India from 23 August 2015. It will be the first bank to be

established in Eastern India post Independence. Ashok Kumar Lahiri, former Chief Economic

Advisor to the Union Government, was appointed as the Chairman of the bank. While,

Chandra Shekhar Ghosh, Founder of Bandhan Financial Services Ltd, was appointed as the

Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of the bank. They both will be in the board of

directors as well.

Bandhan Bank Logo of Bandhan Bank Ltd

Apart from appointing the directors, the bank unveiled its logo as well, an image of the

traditional Indian ‘Diya’. The extensive use of the colour red in the logo is associated with all

that’s auspicious. The flame or the Diya symbolizes a ray of hope, a new morning.

Between the red colour and the flame, the Bandhan Bank logo holds the promise of good

things to look forward to.

About Bandhan Bank Ltd

Micro-lender Bandhan Financial Services in June 2015 received approval from the Reserve

Bank of India to set up a universal bank.”Bandhan Bank will have 630 branches across 27

States. Nearly 247 of these new branches are expected to be in West Bengal.

The bank will have two distinct wings. One will cater to the micro-banking segment, targeting

the rural and un-banked areas. The other will look at general banking.

Non – Banking Financial Companies (NBFC)

1). Non Bank Financial Companies (NBFCs) are financial institutions that provide banking

services without meeting the legal definitions of a bank


www.ibpsguide.com


2).The NBFC is a financial institution which carries out the following operations as their

principle business

Hire purchase finance

Housing finance

Investment

Loan

Equipment leasing

3). According to the RBI (Amendment Act) 1997, a NBFC is an institution which can be defined

as

A financial institution which is a company

A non-banking institution which has its principle business as the receiving of

deposits

4). The Reserve Bank of India (Amendment Act) 1997 demands compulsory registration with

the RBI of all the NBFCs irrespective of their public deposits for commencing and carrying out

business

5). Norms to be followed by the NBFCs operating in India

They should maintain a portion of their deposits in liquid assets

They should create a Reserve Fund and transfer 20% of profit after tax annually to

the fund

No NBFC can carry on business without obtaining a Certificate of Registration

(COR) from the RBI

A new NBFC seeking registration with the RBI should satisfy the entry point norm of

Rs. 2 crores as the minimum Net Owned Fund (NOF)

6). Based on their Liability Structure NBFCs are divided into 2 categories as follows

Category A – NBFCs accepting public deposits (NBFCs-D)

Category B – NBFCs not accepting public deposits (NBFCs-ND)

7). NBFCs operating in India fall under the following categories based on their businesses


www.ibpsguide.com


Hire Purchase Finance Company – a company which carries on hire purchase

transactions as its principle business where loans for purchase of goods and

services are provided under an installment plan

Housing Finance Company – a company which provides finance for acquisition of

houses and plots. It also helps in construction of houses and development of plots

Investment Company – a company which carries out acquisition of securities as its

principle business. They provide finance mainly to companies associated with

business organizations

Loan Company – a small partnership company which obtain funds in the form of

deposits from the public and give loans to wholesale, retail traders, small scale

industries and self-employed individuals

Equipment leasing company – a company which lease out equipments or provide

finances for leasing business. They raise fund from other companies, banks and the

financial institutions in addition to their NOF

Mutual Benefit Finance Company – any company that comes under the Section

620A of the Companies Act 1956. The main source of funds are share capital and

deposits from their members and public

Chit Fund Company – a company which collects subscriptions from the public

periodically and in turn distributes the same as prizes back to them. These

companies are governed by Chit Fund Act 1982

8). Some important NBFCs operational in India are as follows

HDFC – established in 1977 provides mortgages, life Insurance, mutual funds and

Micro Finance

Power Finance Company – established in 1986 provides financial consulting,

investment banking and loan management

Reliance Capital – 1986 – provides asset management, insurance, broking and

distribution, commercial finance and mutual funds


www.ibpsguide.com


Infrastructure Development Finance Company – 1997 – provides finance for

infrastructure projects, corporate finance, mutual funds and investment banking

Rural Electricity Corp. – 1969 – provides investment and private banking and asset

management

Shree Ram Transport Finance – 1974 – provides consumer vehicle finance, city

union finance and micro finance

Bajaj Holdings – 2007 – Asset management, loans and micro finance

M & M financial – 1991 – financial services, micro finance and asset management

Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)

1). The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the regulator for the securities

market in India

2). It was established by the Government of India in 1988 as a replacement of the Controller of

Capital Issues (CCI) which was the regulatory authority before SEBI

3). CCI acquired its authority from the Capital Issues (Control) Act, 1947

4). Initially SEBI was a non-statutory body without any statutory power but in 1995 the

government added statutory power to SEBI through the Securities and Exchange Board of

India Act, 1992

5). SEBI Headquarters – Bandra Kurla Complex, Mumbai, Maharashtra

6). Chairman – Upendra Kumar Sinha

7).The main objectives of SEBI are as follows

Regulating activities of stock exchange

To protect the rights of investors and ensure the safety of their investment

To prevent malpractices by balancing its self regulating business and statutory

regulations

To regulate and develop a code of conduct for intermediaries

8). SEBI is responsible for the needs of the following three groups


www.ibpsguide.com


Issuers – SEBI provides a market place in which the issuers can raise finance fairly

Investors – SEBI provides protection and supply of accurate and correct information

Intermediaries – SEBI provides a competitive professional market

9). The SEBI is managed by its following members

The chairman nominated by Union Government - Upendra Kumar Sinha

2 members – Officers from the Union Finance Ministry

a. Prakash Chandra – Joint Secretary, Ministry of Finance

b. Naved Masood – Secretary, Ministry of Corporate Affairs

1 member from the Reserve Bank of India – Anand Sinha (Deputy Governor, RBI)

5 members nominated by the government out of them at least 3 shall be full-time

members

a. Nishant Rathi – full-time member

b. Rajeev Kumar Agarwal – full-time member

c. S. Raman – full-time member

d. V. K. Jairath Magya – Part-time member

e. Raje Kumar – part-time member

10). Functions of SEBI are as follows

Protective Functions are performed to protect the interest of investors and provide

safety for their investment

a. It involves to keep a check on Price Rigging i.e., manipulation of prices of

securities with the main objective of creating inflation

b. It involves prevention of insider trading i.e., a person from the company with

sensitive information that can affect the prices of securities uses that

information to make profit

c. To prohibit Fraudulent and Unfair Trade Practices i.e., not allowing the

companies to make misleading statements which will induce the sale of

purchase of securities by any other person


www.ibpsguide.com


Developmental Functions are performed by the SEBI to promote and develop the

activities of the stock exchange and increase its business

a. It promotes training of intermediaries of the securities market

b. SEBI promotes the activities of the stock exchange by adopting flexible and

adoptable ways like internet trading and initial public offer of primary market

Regulatory Functions are performed by SEBI to regulate the business in stock

exchange

a. SEBI regulates the working of mutual funds and takeover of companies

b. It conducts inquiries and audit of stock exchanges

c. It frames rules and regulations and a code of conduct to regulate the

intermediaries

11).The committees formed by SEBI for its functioning are as follows

Technical Advisory Committee

Committee for review of structure of market infrastructure institutions

Advisory Committee for the SEBI Investor Protection and Education Fund

Takeover Regulations Advisory Committee

Primary Market Advisory Committee (PMAC)

Secondary Market Advisory Committee (SMAC)

Mutual Fund Advisory Committee

Corporate Bonds and Securitization Advisory Committee

National Housing Bank

1). National Housing Bank (NHB) is an apex financial institution for housing and wholly owned

subsidiary of Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

2). It was established on 9th July 1988 under the National Housing Bank Act, 1987


www.ibpsguide.com


3). High Level Group under the Championship of Dr. C. Rangarajan, the then Deputy Governor

of RBI, recommended the setting up of the National Housing Bank as an autonomous housing

finance institution

4). The National Housing Bank Bill (91 of 1987) provided the legislative framework for the

establishment of NHB was passed in the Parliament

5). NHB was established to achieve the following objectives

To make housing credit more affordable

To augment resources for the sector and channelize them for housing

To promote a network of dedicated housing finance institutions to adequately serve

various regions and income groups

To provide an effective housing finance system to all segments of the population

To integrate the housing finance system with the overall financial system

To regulate the activities of housing finance companies based on regulatory and

supervisory authority derived under the Act

To encourage public agencies to emerge as facilitators and suppliers of serviced land

for housing

To encourage augmentation of supply of buildable land and building materials

To upgrade the housing stock in the country

6).The following are the Board of Directors of NHB

Sriram Kalyanaraman – Managing Director & Chief Executive Officer

Dr. Urjit R. Patel – Deputy Governor of RBI

G. M. Rao – Director, Central Board of Directors, RBI

Alok Tandon – IAS, Joint Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of Finance

Vijaya Srivastava – IAS, Joint Secretary to the Government, Ministry of Rural

Development

Sanjeev Kumar – IAS, Joint Secretary (RAY) to Government of India and Mission

Dirtector (JNNURM), Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation


www.ibpsguide.com


7). Vision of NHB – Promoting inclusive expansion with stability in housing finance market

NABARD

1). National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is an apex development

bank in India

2). Headquarters – Mumbai

3). It was established by the Committee set up by RBI to Review Arrangements for Institutional

Credit for Agriculture and Rural Development (CRAFICARD) under the Chairman Shri. B.

Sivaraman on 12th July 1982

4). Its main aim is to uplift rural India by increasing the credit flow for evaluation of agricultural

and rural farm sector

5). Chairman – Dr. Harsh Kumar Bhanwala

6). The government of India now holds 99% of NABARD’s shares which were sold by RBI

7). NABARD is active member of Alliance for Financial Inclusion

8). NABARD replaced the following organizations

Agricultural Credit Department

Rural Planning and Credit Cell

Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation

9). The initial capital of NABARD was Rs. 100 crore

10). Present share details of NABARD are as follows

Government of India – Rs.4680 crore – 99%

RBI – Rs. 20 crore – 1%

11). NABARD takes measures towards institutions which help in improving absorptive capacity

of the credit delivery system including

Monitoring

Formulating rehabilitation schemes

Restructuring of credit institutions


www.ibpsguide.com


Training of personnel

12). It coordinates the rural financing activities of the

Government of India

State Governments

Reserve Bank of India

Other national institutions concerned with policy formulation

13). NABARD refinances financial institutions which finance the rural sector. These refinances

are availed by the following organizations

State Co-operative Agriculture and Rural Development Bank (SCARDB)

State Co-operative Banks(SCB)

Regional Rural Banks(SCBs)

Commercial Banks(CB)

Other financial institutions approved by RBI

14). It has 336 District offices across the country including 1-sub office at Port Blair and one

special cell at Srinagar

15). It has 6 training establishments

16). NABARD is also known as Self Help Group (SHG) Bank Linkage Programme. About 22

lakh SGHs were credited through this programme

17). NADARD has a portfolio of Natural Resource Management Programmes in the following

fields

Watershed development

Tribal development

Farm innovation

18). The RBI and NABARD has laid out guidelines for commercial, Regional Rural and

Cooperative banks to provide data regarding loans given by banks to the microfinance

institutions


www.ibpsguide.com


MICRO UNITS DEVELOPMENT & REFINANCE AGENCY (MUDRA) BANK

Headquarters New Delhi

Announcement February 2015, in Union Budget of India 2015 by Finance

Minister Arun Jaitley.

Launched on April 2015 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi

Chief Executive Officer

(CEO)

Mr. Jiji Mammen, previously worked as the Chief General

Manager of NABARD.

IMPORTANT THINGS TO KNOW:

1.) MUDRA bank is a public sector financial institution that provides loans at low rates to

microfinance institutions and non-banking financial institutions.

2.) This bank comes under the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana scheme to provide services to

small entrepreneurs outside the service area of regular banks.

3.) Initial capital fund allotted for the bank is 20,000 crore.

4.) Credit guarantee fund is 3000 crore.

5.) Initially the bank functions as non-banking financial company and a subsidiary of the Small

Industries Development Bank of India(SIDBI).

6.) Will act as a regulator for the micro finance institutions(MFI), providing refinancing services

and guidelines to MFI.

7.) MUDRA bank classifies its customers in 3-categories.

Shishu – can avail loans upto Rs.50,000

Kishore – can avail loans upto Rs.5,00,000

Tarun – can avail loans upto Rs.10,00,000

8.) Additional fund of Rs.1,00,000 crore was allotted to MUDRA increasing the percentage of

loans provided to its customers as follows.

40% to Shishu

35% to Kishore


www.ibpsguide.com


25% to Tarun

9.) Customers who are eligible to avail loans from MUDRA bank are as follows.

Small manufacturing units

Shopkeepers

Fruits or vegetable vendors

Artisans

International Monetary Fund

1). The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization of 188 countries

working together to

Foster global monetary co-operation

Secure financial stability

Facilitate international trade

Promote high employment and sustainable economic growth

Reduce poverty around the world

2). It was formed in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference

3). Established on 27th December 1945, with 29 member countries initially

4). Headquarters – Washington DC

5). Managing Director – Christine Lagarde

6). Regional offices – Paris and Geneva

7). It was formed with the following objectives

To stabilize exchange rates

Assist the reconstruction of the world’s international payment system post the World

War II

8). Now the role of IMF is much more active managing the economic policy instead of just

exchange rates


www.ibpsguide.com


9). Low income countries can borrow on concessional terms i.e., there is a period of time with

no interest rates through the

Extended Credit Facility(ECF)

Standby Credit Facility(SCF)

Rapid Credit Facility(RCF)

10). IMF also provides non-concessional loans which has interest rates as follows

Standby Arrangements(SBA)

Flexible Credit Line(FCL)

Precautionary and Liquidity Line(PLL)

Extended Fund Facility(EFF)

11). IMF provides emergency assistance to all its members facing urgent balance of payment

needs through the newly introduced Rapid Financing Instrument(RFI)

12). To become a member of IMF, a country must apply and then be accepted by a majority of

the existing 188 members

Each member is assigned a quota based on its relative size of their economy upon

joining

A member’s quota determines the maximum amount of financial resources

A member must pay its subscription – 25% to be paid in the IMF’s own currency

called as Special Drawing Rights(SDR) and the remaining 75% in the member’s own

currency

13). Each member of IMF has 250 Basic votes and one additional vote for each SDR 100,000

of quota.

Top 5-members of IMF based on their voting power are as follows

United states – 16.75% - 421,961 votes

Japan – 6.23% - 157,022 votes

Germany – 5.81% - 146,392 votes

France – 4.29% - 108,122 votes


www.ibpsguide.com


United kingdom – 4.29% - 108,122 votes

14). India has 58,952 votes with 2.34% voting power

15). Palau is the last member country having voting power of 0.01% and 281 votes

16). The amount of finance that a member can obtain from IMF is based on its quota. There

are two types of loans which are as follows

Stand-By loans – 200% of its quota

Extended arrangements loans – 600% of its quota

New Development Bank (BRICS Bank)

1). New Development Bank or the BRICS Development Bank is a multilateral development

bank operated by the BRICS states

2). An alternative to the existing

World Bank


3). Aims to mobilize resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in

BRICS and other emerging economies and developing countries

4). Headquarters in Shanghai, China

5). Participant countries:

Brazil

Russia

India

China

South Africa

6). None of the above country has veto power

7). Each country holds equal number of shares and equal voting rights

8). Idea for setting up NDB – 4th BRICS summit 2012, Delhi

9). Leaders agreed to set up NDB – 5th BRICS summit 2013, Durban, South Africa


www.ibpsguide.com


10). BRICS states signed the Agreement of Articles for NDB – 6th BRICS summit 2014, Brazil

11). Initial capital for NDB – 100 billion, of which 12.5% to be paid by each member in 1st 7

years

12). Separate agreement for 100 billion reserve currency pool was also signed

13). 1st President of NDB from India – K. V. Kamath – former non-executive chairman of ICICI

bank

14). Main organs of Articles of Agreement:

Board of ministers or governors

Board of Directors

President, Vice President

15). NDB will allow new member to join but the BRICS capital share cannot fall below 55%

16). For all the BRICS states

Number of shares – 100,00

Shareholding capacity – 20%

Voting right – 20%

Authorized capital – 10 billion USD

Asian Development Bank

1). Asian Development Bank is a regional development bank which facilitates the economic

development in Asia

2). It was formed on 22nd August 1966

3). Headquarters – Metro Manila, Philippines

4). Members include the non-regional developed countries and members of United Nations

Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

5). Consists of 67 member countries out of which

48-countries within Asia and the Pacific

19-outside Asia-Pacific region


www.ibpsguide.com


6). Major Organs of Bank

Board of Governors

Board of Directors and Managers

President

7). President – Takehiko Nakao from 2013

PRESIDENTS DATES

Takeshi Watanabe 1966-1972

Shiro Inoue 1972-1976

Taroichi Yoshida 1976-1981

Masao Fujioka 1981-1989

Kimimasa Tarumizu 1989-1993

Mitsuo Sato 1993-1999

Tadao Chino 1999-2005

Haruhiko Kuroda 2005-2013

8). Important projects undertaken by Asian Development Bank

Afghan Diaspora Project.

Earthquake and Tsunami Emergency Support Project in Indonesia.

Greater Mekong Subregional Program.

ROC Ping Hu Offshore Oil and Gas Development.

Colombo Harbour Expansion Project.

Trans-Afghanistan Gas Pipeline Feasibility Assessment.

9). ADB offers two type of loans

Hard loans – from Ordinary Capital Resources (ORC) and Asian Development Fund(ADF).

Soft loans – from special fund resources including 50% paid-in and callable elements.

10). Top 5-share holders of ADB

Japan – 15.67%


www.ibpsguide.com


United States – 15.56%

China – 6.47%

India – 6.35%

Australia – 5.81%

11). Top five countries voting power in %

Japan – 12.84%


China – 5.47%

India – 5.38%

Australia – 4.94%

Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank

IMPORTANT POINTS TO KNOW

1). Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is an international financial institution focused

on crediting infrastructure construction in the Asian-Pacific region

2). Was proposed by China in 2013, supported by

37 – regional members

20 – non-regional members

3). AIIB to compete with

World Bank of India

Asian Development Bank

4). AIIB headquarters in Beijing, China

5). Initially consisted of

1 – Founding member(FM) – Burma

56 – Prospected Founding Members(PFM)

6). General Secretary – Jin Liqun – Former Finance Minister of China

7). On July 2015, 57 PFMs were supposed to become FMs by


www.ibpsguide.com


Signing the 60-Articles of Agreement in 2015

Ratifying the 60-Articles of Agreement in 2015 or 2016

8). 7-countries from the PFM did not sign the Articles of agreement. They are

Denmark

Malaysia

Kuwait

Holland

Philippines

South-Africa

Thailand

9). Shares are based on the size of each member country’s economy

10). 3- categories of votes exist:

Basic votes: equal for all members and constitute 18% of the total votes

Share votes: equal to the number of shares

Founding Member votes: each FM gets 600 votes

11). China is the highest share holder with 30.34% and voting share 26.06%

12). India 2nd highest share holder with 8.52% and voting share of 7.5%

13). Russia 3rd highest share holder with 6.66% and voting share of 5.92%

14). Maldives is the smallest PFM

WORLD BANK

1). The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans to developing

countries for capital programs

2). It comprises of 2-institutions

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) – 188 countries

International Development Association (IDA) – 172 countries

3). The World Bank’s official goal is the reduction of poverty


www.ibpsguide.com


4). It was established in 1944

5). Headquarters – Washington DC, United States

6). Founders – Lord Keynes and Harry Dexter White – Fathers of both the World Bank and the


7). Parent Organization – World Bank Group (WBG)

8). President – same as the President of WBG – presently Jim Yong Kim

9). Objectives of World Bank

To provide guarantee for loans granted to small and large units and other projects of

member countries

To ensure the implementation of development projects so as to bring about a

smooth transference from a war-time to peace economy

10). It has 2-types of members:

a. Founder members

b. General members

11). India is a founder member

12). Voting right of every member is based on the member country’s share in the total capital

of the Bank

13). Every member of the IMF is automatically a member of World Bank

14). Any member can be debarred from World Bank under the following conditions

By written notice to the bank, but such country has to repay the granted loans on

terms and conditions decided at the time of sanctioning the loan

Any country working against the guidelines of Bank can be debarred by the Board of

Governors

15). Top 5-member countries with voting powers are as follows:


Japan – 6.84%

China – 4.42%


www.ibpsguide.com


Germany – 4%

United Kingdom – 3.75%

16). The initial authorized capital of the World Bank was 10,000 million which was divided into

1lakh shares each

17). The authorized capital of the Bank has been increased from time to time with the approval

of the member countries. The member countries repay the share amount to the World Bank in

the following ways:

2% allotted share are repaid in gold, US dollar or SDR

18% of the country’s capital share in its own currency

Remaining 80% share is deposited by the member country on the demand of World

Bank

18). World Bank can grant loans up to 20% of the member country’s share paid up as capital

19). World Bank takes guidance of the following international institutions

FAO

WHO

UNESCO

UNIDO

20). 75% of its total loans are sanctioned to developing countries while 25% to developed

countries

E-Banking Systems

1). E-banking is an electronic payment system that enables customers of a financial institution

to conduct financial transactions on a website operated by a bank or financial institution

2). E-banking is also referred to as

Internet banking

Virtual banking

Online banking


www.ibpsguide.com


3). A customer with internet access would need to register with the bank or financial institution

to access its online banking facilities

4). They should set up some password for customer verification

5). To access e-banking a customer should log-in to the online banking facility using the

customer number and password given to him/her by the bank

6). The common features of e-banking comes under 6-categories as follows

A bank customer can perform non-transactional tasks like

a) Viewing account balances

b) Viewing recent transactions

c) Downloading bank statements

d) Viewing images of paid cheques

e) Ordering cheque books

f) Download periodic account statements

g) Downloading applications for mobile banking

A customer can carry out banking tasks through online banking like

a) Funds transfer between the customer linked accounts

b) Paying 3rd parties like bill payments

c) Investment purchase or sale

d) Loan applications and transactions

e) Credit card applications

f) Register utility billers and make bill payments

Financial institution administration

Management of multiple users having varying levels of authority

Transaction approval process

Personal financial management support like importing data into personal accounting

software

7). Advantages of e-banking for both the banks and the customers are as follows


www.ibpsguide.com


Permanent access to the bank

Lower transaction costs

Access from anywhere

8). Some potential threats on e-banking for deceiving the user to steal login data and valid

Transaction authentication number(TAN) are as follows

Phishing – an attempt to acquire sensitive information such as password, usernames

and credit card details for malicious reasons

Pharming – a cyber attack intended to redirect a website’s traffic to another fake site

Cross-site scripting(XSS) – a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in

web applications which enables attackers to inject client-side script into web pages

viewed by other users

Keystroke logging – is an action of recording the keys struck on a keyboard in a

covert manner so that the person using the keyboard is unaware that their actions

are being monitored

9). Some of the counter-measures that can be implemented to avoid such threats are as

follows

Digital certificate – an electronic document used to prove the ownership of a public

key is used againt phishing and pharming

Use of ‘Secoder’ card readers can avoid the manipulation of the transaction data

Virus scanners can be used to protect the customer’s account details against Trojan

horses

Usage of PIN/TAN system where

a) Personal Identification number(PIN) – represents a secured password used

for login

b) Transaction Authentication Number(TAN) – represents a one-time passwords

to authenticate transactions


www.ibpsguide.com


A signature based online banking can be used where all the transactions are signed

and encrypted digitally

RuPay CARD SYSTEM

1). RuPay is an Indian domestic card scheme launched by National Payments Corporation of

India (NPCI)

2). NPCI – Managing Director & CEO – A. P. Hota

3). RuPay enables the electronic payments at all Indian banks and financial institutions

4). It was initially conceived as the IndiaPay scheme by NPCI to compete with the MasterCard

and Visa card schemes

5). It was later renamed as RuPay scheme to avoid name conflicts with other financial

institutions

6). It was created to enable the RBI’s desire to have a domestic, open loop and multilateral

system of payments in India

7). The RuPay card was launched on 26th March 2012

8). RuPay was dedicated to India by President Pranab Mukherjee at Rashtrapati Bhavan, New

Delhi on 8th May 2014

9). All banks of India are authorized to issue RuPay debit cards to their customers for usage at

ATMs

Point of Sale (PoS) terminals

E-commerce websites

10). About 240 banks including all major public sector banks and 200 cooperative and rural

banks issued RuPay cards to promote financial inclusion

11). RuPay cards are accepted at all the ATMs across India under National Financial Switch

12). Details of ATMs, PoS and e-commerce websites are as follows

ATMs – 145,270

PoS terminals – 875,000


www.ibpsguide.com


E-commerce websites – 10,000

13). NPCI entered into partnership with Discover Financial Services(DFS) for enabling the

acceptance of RuPay globally as RuPay Global Cards on DFS’s payment network outside

India

14). RuPay chip cards launched by NPCI for high security transactions have an embedded

microprocessor circuit containing information about the card holder

15). RuPay chip cards use EMV(Europay, Mastercard, Visa) chip technology

16). RuPay enables the banks to issue a unified Kisan Card for farmers under the Kisan Credit

Card scheme

17). The Punjab Grains Procurement Corporation Ltd.(PUNGRAIN) pays the commission

agents through the RuPAy Debit Card

18). 75 cooperative societies of AMUL in regions of Burdwan and Hooghly of West Bengal

were enabled to get their payments directly into their bank accounts on the same day of sale of

milk through an initiative taken by the Kotak Mahindra Bank in partnership with RuPay

Important Banking Terminology

ATM (Automatic Teller Machines)

They are machines that dispense cash, receive

cash, accept cheques, give balance details and

mini statements to the customers through

Computer network

Bancassurance

It is the distribution of insurance products and the

insurance policies of insurance companies by

banks as corporate agents through their

branches. Banks charge a fee for this service

from insurance companies

Bouncing of a cheque

When an account has insufficient funds the

cheque is is not payable and is returned by the

bank with a reason “Exceeds arrangement” or

“funds insufficient”.

Bank Account

It is account of nominal interest which can only

be used for personal purpose and which has

some restrictions on withdrawal

Bank Rate

It is the rate of interest charged by a central bank

to commercial banks on the advances and the

loans it extends.

Base rate


www.ibpsguide.com


It is the rate of interest on which banks base their

lending rates. Usually loans are given at a rate

higher than the base rates and saving rate is

below the base rate

Basis Point

One-hundredth of 1% point normally used for

indicating cost of finance

Call Money

It is a loan that is made for a very short period of

a few days only with a low rate of interest

Cheque

It is written by an individual to transfer amount

between two accounts of the same bank or a

different bank and the money is withdrawn from

the account.

Core Banking

It is a general term used to describe the services

provided by a group of networked bank branches

Core Banking Solutions (CBS)

In this all the branches of the bank are connected

together and the customer can access his/her

funds or transactions from any other branch.

CRR (Cash Reverse Ratio)

the amount of funds that a bank keep with the

RBI. If the percentage of CRR increases then the

amount with the bank comes down.

Current Account

It is an account that can be opened generally for

business purposes with no restrictions on

withdrawals and no interest paid

Debit Card

It is a card issued by the bank so the customers

can withdraw their money from their account

electronically.

Demat Account

The way in which a bank keeps money in a

deposit account in the same way the Depository

company converts share certificates into

electronic form and keep them in a Demat

account.

Dishonour of Cheque

Non-payment of a cheque by the paying banker

with a return memo giving reasons for the non-

payment

E-Banking

It is a type of banking in which we can conduct

financial transactions electronically. RTGS,

Credit cards, Debit cards etc come under this

category.

EFT – (Electronic Fund Transfer)

In this we use Automatic teller machine, wire

transfer and computers to move funds between

different accounts in different or same bank.

Fiscal Deficit

It is the amount of Funds borrowed by the

government to meet the expenditures.

Inflation

It is an increase in the quantity of money in

circulation without any corresponding increase

in goods thus leading to an abnormal rise in the

price level

Initial Public Offering (IPO)

It is the time when a company makes the first

offering of the shares to the pubic.


www.ibpsguide.com


Kiosk Banking

Doing banking from a cubicle from which food,

newspapers, tickets, etc are also sold

Leverage Ratio

It is a financial ratio which gives us an idea or a

measure of a company’s ability to meet its

financial losses.

Liquidity

It is the ability of converting an investment

quickly into cash with no loss in value.

Market Capitalization

The product of the share price and number of

the company’s outstanding ordinary shares.

Mortgage

It is a kind of security which one offers for

taking an advance or loan from someone.

Mutual Fund

These are investment schemes. It pools money

from various investors in order to purchase

securities.

Monetary Policy

it refers to the Central Government policy with

respect to the quantity of money in the

economy, the rate of interest and the exchange

rate

Non-bank ATM / White labeled ATM

An ATM or cash machine that does not

prominently display a bank’s name or logo. A

fee will be charged for cash withdrawals in

these ATMs and they don’t accept deposits

Non-performing Assets (NPAs)

NPA or non-performing loans are loans given

by a bank on which repayments or interest

payments are not being made on time

Permanent Account Number (PAN)

PAN is a number issued by the Income Tax

Department to their tax payers.

Plastic Money

Plastic money is a name given to Credit cards,

Debit cards, ATM cards anf International Cards

issued by banks

Point of Sale (PoS)

PoS refers to a location at which a payment of a

card transaction occurs

Prime Lending Rate (PLR)

Rate of interest at which a bank gives loan to its

most reliable customer i.e., customer with ‘zero

risk’

Pass Book

It is a book where all the bank transactions are

recorded.They are mainly issued to Current or

Savings Bank account holders.

Repo Rate

Commercial banks borrow funds by the RBI if

there is any shortage in the form of rupees. If

this rate increases it becomes expensive to

borrow money from RBI and vice versa.

Reverse Repo Rate

It is the exact opposite of repo rate. It is the rate

at which RBI borrows money from banks when

it feels there is too much money floating in the

banking system

Special Drawing Rights (SDR)


www.ibpsguide.com


It is a reserve asset (Paper Gold) created within

the framework of the International Monetary

Fund in an attempt to increase international

liquidity

.SLR (Statutory Liquidity Ratio)

It is amount that a commercial bank should

have before giving credits to its customers

which should be either in the form of

gold,money or bonds.

Teller

He/she is a staff member of the bank who

cashes cheques, accepts deposits and perform

different banking services for the general mass.

Universal Banking

When financial institutions and banks undertake

activities related to banking like investment,

issue of debit and credit card etc then it is

known as universal banking.

Virtual Banking

Internet banking is sometimes known as virtual

banking. It is called so because it has no bricks

and boundaries. It is controlled by the world

wide web.

Wholesale Banking

It is similar to retail banking with a slight

difference that it mainly focuses on the financial

needs of the institutional clients and the

industry.

Zero Coupon Bond

It is a bond that is sold at good discount as it

has no coupon.

Roles and Function of RBI

INTRODUCTION:

The Reserve Bank of India(RBI) was established on April 1, 1935

The Central Office of the Reserve Bank was initially established in Calcutta but permanently moved

to Mumbai in 1937.

The board is appointed by the Government of India in keeping with the Reserve Bank of India Act

There are both Official and Non – Official directors

FUNCTIONS OF RESERVE BANK OF INDIA:-

There are seven major functions of the Reserve Bank of India. They are,

1. Issue of Bank Notes:

The Reserve Bank of India has the right to issue currency notes except one rupee notes

which are issued by the Ministry of Finance.

There are many advantages of Reserve Bank of India.


www.ibpsguide.com


I. brings uniformity in notes issue

II. makes possible effective state supervision

III. easy to control and regulate with requirements in the economy.

IV. Keeps faith of the public in the paper currency.

2. Banker to Government:

The Reserve Bank manages the banking needs of the Government.

It has to maintain and operate the Government’s deposit accounts.

It represents the Government of India as the member of the IMF and the World Bank.

3. Custodian of Cash Reserves of Commercial Banks:

The Commercial banks hold deposits in the Reserve Bank and the latter has the custody of

the cash reserves of the commercial banks.

4. Custodian of country’s Foreign Currency Reserves:

The Reserve Bank has the custody of the country’s reserves of international currency, and

this enables the Reserve Bank to deal with crisis connected with adverse balance of

payments position.

5. Lender of Last Resort:

The commercial banks approach the Reserve Bank in times of emergency to tide over

financial difficulties, and the Reserve bank comes to save from their danger from higher

rate of interest.

6. Central Clearance and Accounts Settlement:

It is easy to deal with each other and settle the claim of each on the other through book

keeping entries in the books of the Reserve Bank.

The clearing of accounts has now become an essential function of the Reserve Bank.

7. Controller of Credit:

The supply of money has important implications for economic stability and the importance

of control of credit becomes obvious

Credit is controlled by the Reserve Bank in accordance with the economic priorities of the

Government.


www.ibpsguide.com


MAJOR ROLES OF RESERVE BANK OF INDIA:-

In every country there is one organization which works as the Central Bank.

The function of the central bank of a country is to control and monitor the banking and

financial system of the country

In, India the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the Central Bank.

RBI is the Regulator of Financial System. The objectives of these regulation include:

Controlling money supply in the system,

Monitoring different key indicators.

Maintaining people’s confidence in banking and financial system.

RBI is the Controller and Supervisor of Banking systems. These banks may be:

Public sector banks

Private sector banks

Foreign banks

Co-operative banks, or

Regional rural banks.

Important RBI Acts and its Functions

Umbrella Act:

RBI Act, 1934: It governs the central bank’s functions.

Banking Regulation Act, 1949: It governs the financial sector.

Acts Governing Specific Functions:

Public Debt Act, 1944/Government Securities Act (proposed): Governs the government debt

market.

Securities Contract (Regulation) Act, 1956: It regulates the government securities market.

Indian Coinage Act, 2011: Governs laws related to currency and coins.

Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1973/ Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999:

Governs foreign exchange market.


www.ibpsguide.com


Payment and Settlement System Act, 2007: Provides for regulation and supervision of

payment systems in India.

Government Securities Regulations, 2007.

Acts Governing Banking Operations:

Companies Act, 2013: Governs banks as companies.

Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act 1970/1980: On

Nationalization of Banks.

Bankers Books Evidence Act.

Banking Secrecy Act.

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881.

Acts Governing Individual Institutions:

State Bank of India Act, 1954.

The Industrial Development Bank (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2003.

The Industrial Finance Corporation (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 1993.

National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act.

National Housing Bank Act.

Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation Act.

Types of Banks

There are seven types of Banks in India, and they are given below.

1.) Savings Banks:

A savings bank is a financial institution whose primary purpose is to accept savings deposits. It

may also perform some other functions. These banks are helpful for salaried people and low income

groups. The deposits collected from the customers are invested in bonds, securities etc,. At present,

most of the commercial banks carry out the functions of Savings Banks; Postal Department also

performs the functions of savings bank.

2.) Commercial Banks:


www.ibpsguide.com


A Commercial Bank is an institution which accepts deposits, makes business loans and offers

related services. Commercial Banks also allow for a variety of deposit accounts, such as current,

savings and time deposit. These institutions are run to make profit. Commercial Banks provide various

services like collection cheques, bills of exchange, remitting money from one place to another place. In

India, Commercial Banks have been established under Companies Act, 1956. In 1969, 14 Commercial

Banks were nationalized by the Government of India.

3.) Industrial Banks/ Development Banks:

Development Banks are those financial institutions engaged in the promotion and development

of industry, agriculture and other key sectors. These banks react to the socio-economic needs. They

satisfy the developmental needs of the economy and their success is linked to the satisfactory growth

of the economy. The main objective of these banks is to provide long term loans for expansion and

modernization of industries. In India, such banks were established o a large scale after independence.

They are Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI), Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of

India (ICICI) and Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI).

4.) Land Development Banks:

The Long term credit needs of the agricultural sector are met by another type of Cooperative

institution called as Land Development Banks. The structure of these banks is a two-tier one-at the

state level there are Central Land Development Banks and at the district or taluka level, there are

primary Land Development Banks. In a few States, e.g Gujarat, Jammu and Kashmir and UP, the

structure is unitary i.e., there are Apex Land Development Banks which operate directly through their

own branches at the district level.

5.) Indigenous Banks:

Indigenous Banks means money lenders and sahukars. They collect deposits from general

public and grant loans to the needy persons out of their own funds as well as from deposits. These

indigenous banks are popular in villages and small towns. They perform combined functions of trading

and banking activities. Certain well-known Indian communities like Marwaries and Multanis even today

run specialized indigenous banks.

6.) Central Bank:

Every country of the world has a Central Bank. In India, Reserve Bank of India; in USA


www.ibpsguide.com


Federal Reserve and in UK, Bank of England are example of the Central Banks. These Central Banks

are the bankers of the other banks. They perform specialized functions, i.e., issue of paper currency,

work as bankers to governments, supervise and control foreign exchange. A Central Bank is a non-

profit making institution. It does not deal with the public but it deals with the other banks. The principal

responsibility of the Central Bank is thorough control on currency of a country.

7.) Co-operative Banks:

In India, Cooperative Banks are registered under the Cooperative Societies Act 1912. They

generally give credit facilities to small farmers, salaried employees, small scale industries, etc.

Cooperative banks are in rural as well as in urban areas. The functions of these banks are just similar

to that of Commercial Banks.

8.) Foreign Banks:

Standard Chartered Banks, City Bank, HSBC are the examples of Foreign Banks working in

India. These banks are mainly concerned with financial foreign trade. Following are the various

functions of Exchange Banks.

Remitting money from one country to another country

Discounting of foreign bills.

Buying and selling gold and silver.

Helping import and export trade.

Types of Accounts and its Functions

Types of Bank Accounts:

Fixed Deposit Account or Time Deposit Accounts

Current Account or Demand Deposit Account

Saving Account

Recurring Deposit Account

Demat Account

Fixed Deposit Account or Time Deposit Accounts:


www.ibpsguide.com


Cash is deposited in this account for a fixed period. This is not transferable. If the depositor

stands in need of the amount before the expiry of the fixed period, he can withdraw the same after

paying the penalty to the bank. This type of deposit attracts high rate of interest. Longer the period of

deposit higher is the rate of interest. It is also called Time Liability of the Bank.

Current Account or Demand Deposit Account:

A depositor can deposit his funds any number of times he likes and can withdraw the same any

number of times he wishes. Ordinarily businessmen deposit their funds in this account. No interest is

paid by the bank on this account. The bank demands some charges from the depositors if the amount

lying in the account falls below the minimum limit.

Saving Account:

In this account, interest is given now on per day basis between 10th and 30th of every month.

Recurring Deposit Account:

Under this account, a specified amount is deposited every month for a specific period, such as,

12, 24, 36, or 60 months it can be even for 120 months. This amount cannot be withdrawn before the

expiry of the given period except under exceptional circumstances. Interest on the amount deposited is

also credited to the account of the depositor. Like time deposit account, interest paid on this account is

higher than other accounts.

Demat Account:

Demat refers to a dematerialized account. Demat account is just like a bank account where

actual money is replaced by shares. Just as a bank account is required if we want to save money or

make cheque payments, we need to open a demat account in order to buy or sell shares.

Types of Cheques and its Categorization

1.) Open Cheque:

A Cheque is called “Open” when it is possible to get cash over the counter at the bank. The

holder of an open cheque can do the following,

Receive its payment over the counter at the bank

Deposit the cheque in his own account


www.ibpsguide.com


Pass it to someone else by signing on the back of a cheque.

2.) Crossed Cheque:

Since, open cheque is subject to risk of theft; it is dangerous to issue such cheques. This risk

can be avoided by issuing another type of cheque called “Crossed Cheque”. The payment of such

cheque is not made over the counter at the bank. It is only credited to the bank account of the payee. A

cheque can be crossed by drawing two transverse parallel lines across the cheque, with or without the

writing ‘Account Payee’ or ‘Not Negotiable’. These lines are usually drawn on the upper left hand corner

of the cheque.

3.) Bearer Cheque:

A Cheque which is payable to any person who presents it for payment at the bank counter is

called ‘Bearer Cheque’. A bearer cheque can be transferred by mere delivery and requires no

endorsement.

4.) Order Cheque:

An order cheque is one which is payable to a particular person. In such a cheque the word

‘bearer’ may be cut out or cancelled and the word ‘order’ may be written. The payee can transfer an

order cheque to someone else by signing his or her name on the back of it.

Categorization of Cheques:

Ante-dated cheques: Cheque in which the drawer mentions the date earlier to the date of

presenting it for payment. For example a cheque issued on 20th August, 2014may bear a

date 5th August 2014.

Stale Cheque: A cheque which is issued today must be presented to the bank for payment

within a stipulated period. After expiry of that period, on payment will be made and it is then

called ‘Stale Cheque’.

Mutilated Cheque: In case a cheque is torn into two or more pieces and presented for

payment, such cheque is called “Mutilated Cheque”. The bank will not make payment

against such a cheque without getting confirmation of the drawer. But is a cheque is torn at

the corners and no material fact is erased or cancelled, the bank may make payment

against such a cheque.


www.ibpsguide.com


Post-date Cheque: Cheque on which drawer mentions a date which is subsequent to the

date on which it is presented, is called ‘Post-dated Cheque’. For example, if a cheque

presented on 5th April 2015 bears a date of 20th April 2015, is is a post dated cheque. The

bank will make payment only mon or after 20th April 2015.

Types of Loans and its Operations

Types of Loans:

Cash Credit

Overdraft

Loans and Advances

Discounting of the Bill of Exchange

Investment in Government Securities

Cash Credit:

The debtor is allowed to withdraw a certain amount against a given security. The debtor

withdraws the amount within this limit, as per his requirement and also repays it. Interest is charged by

the bank on the actually withdrawn.

Overdraft:

Clients who have current account with the bank get the sanction to withdraw more money than

is lying in the said account. It is called Overdraft. This facility is availability for short term to reliable

parties.

Loans and Advances:

These loans are given in the form of a fixed amount. Bank credits the amount of loan in the

account books of the debtor. The latter can withdraw it any time. The interest is chargeable on the

whole amount from the day; the loan is disbursed irrespective of the fact that the debtor withdraws the

whole amount or part of it.

Discounting of the Bill of Exchange:


www.ibpsguide.com


Under this, banks give advance to their clients on the basis of their bills of exchange before the

maturity of such bills. (A deduction is made out of the not clear face value of the bill of the period the bill

is yet to run). This deduction is called Discounting to the Bill.

Investment in Government Securities:

Purchasing of government securities by the banks tantamount to advancing loans by them to

the government. Banks prefer to buy government securities as these are considered to be the safest

investment.

Negotiable Instruments

There are certain Documents used for payment in business transaction and are transferred

freely from one person to another. Such documents are called Negotiable Instruments like Cheque,

Bank Draft, bill of exchange, Promissory notes, etc.

Features of Negotiable Instruments:

It is a written document.

A Negotiable Instrument payable to bearer is transferable merely by delivery, whereas a

Negotiable Instrument payable to order is transferable by endorsement and delivery.

The holder of a Negotiable Instrument can sue upon it in his own name.

The consideration is not mentioned on the Negotiable Instrument. It is presumed that the

Negotiable Instrument has been drawn for a valuable consideration.

It works in the same manner as money and like money; it may also be transferred from one

person to another.

The transferor does not need to give notice to any person at the time of transferring the

instrument.

It is the simplest and most convenient mode of assignment of a debt.

The title to the instrument received by a bonafide transferee is not affected by any defected in

the title of the transferor.

Types of Negotiable Instruments:

Promissory Note

Bill of Exchange


www.ibpsguide.com


Cheque

Exchequer Bill

Circular Note

Dividend Warrant

Share Warrant

Bearer Debenture

Bank Note

Bank Draft

Credit Cards and its Types

1). A credit card is a payment card issued to users as a system of payment which allows the card

holder to pay for goods and services based on the holder’s promise to pay for them

2). The size of most of the credit cards are 85.60 × 53.98 mm according to the ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1

standard

3). The front of a typical credit card consists of the following parts:

Issuing bank logo

EMV chip

Hologram

Card number

Card Network Logo

Expiration Date

Card Holder name

Contactless Chip

4). Similarly the reverse side of a credit card consists of the following parts:

Magnetic Strip

Signature Strip

Card Security Code

5). Important terminologies related to credit cards are as follows:

Card holder – the consumer or the holder of the card


www.ibpsguide.com


Card – issuing bank – the financial institution or other organizations that issued the credit

card to the consumer

Merchant – the individual or business accepting credit card payments for the products or

services sold to the consumer

Acquiring Bank – the financial institution accepting the payment on behalf of the merchant

Independent sales organization – resellers of the services of the acquiring bank

Merchant account – it is the organization that the merchant deals with

Credit card association – an association of the card issuing banks that set transaction terms

for merchants, card issuing banks and acquiring banks.

Transaction networks – the system that implements the mechanics of the electronic

transactions

Affinity partner – an institution that lends their names to an issuer to attract customers that

have a strong relationship with that institution and get paid a percentage of the balance for

each card issued using their name

6). The transaction steps that are involved in the usage of a credit card are as follows:

Authorization – verification done by the acquiring bank on the card number, the transaction

type and the amount with the issuing bank

Batching – the authorized transactions are stored in batches which are sent to the acquirer

Clearing and Settlement – the acquirer sends the batch transactions through the credit card

association which debits the issuers for payment and credits the acquirer

Funding – once the acquirer has been paid, the acquirer in turn pays the merchant

Chargebacks – is an event initiated by the cardholder where the money in a merchant

account is held due to a dispute relating to the transaction

7). Types of Credit Cards

Business credit cards – specialized credit cards issued in the name of a registered business

and can only be used typically for business purposes

Secured credit cards – it’s a card that is secured by a deposit account owned by the

cardholder. The cardholder must deposit between 100% to 200% of the total amount of

credit needed


www.ibpsguide.com


8). Advantages of credit card system to the banks

Scope and potential for better profitability out of share earned from the merchant’s income

Helps in banking relationship with new customers

Provides additional customer service to the existing clients

Savings of expenses on manpower to handle clearing transactions

9). Advantages of credit card system to the merchants

Systematic accounting since sale receipts are routed through banking channels

Assured and immediate settlement

Avoids all costs and security problems involved in handling cash

Development of a prestigious clientele base

Increase in sale because of increased purchasing power of the cardholder due to the

unbilled credit available to him

Advertising and promotional support on a national scale

10). Advantages of the credit card system to the cardholder

It incorporates a sense of financial discipline in him/her

Allows the cardholder to delegate spending powers to add-on members

It extends additional facilities like insurance cover and discounts

It provides proof of purchase through banking channels thus strengthening the cardholder’s

position in case of any disputes with the sellers

Letter of Credit (LC)

1). Letter of Credit (LC) is a document from a bank guaranteeing that a seller will receive payments in

full as long as certain delivery conditions have been met

2). If the buyer is unable to make payments on the purchase then the bank will cover the remaining

amount

3). LC are often used in international transactions where buyer and seller may not know each other and

are from different countries thus exposing the seller to credit and legal risks caused by

Distance


www.ibpsguide.com


Differing laws

Difficulty in knowing each party personally

4). The bank that writes the LC will act on behalf of the buyer and will make sure that all delivery

conditions have been met before making the payment to the seller

5). LC are governed by guidelines given by the International Chamber of Commerce known as Uniform

Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP)

6). LC is widely used in the importing and exporting companies and also in land development

7). To receive payments an exporter must present the documents required by the LC. The Payee

presents a document proving that the goods were sent instead of showing actual goods

8). Bill of lading (BOL) – is the document accepted by the bank as proof that goods have been shipped

9). Types of documents required by the LC are as follows

Financial documents

a) Bill of exchange

b) Co-accepted draft

Commercial documents

a) Invoice

b) Packing list

Shipping documents

a) Transport document

b) Insurance certificate

c) Commercial, official or legal papers

Official documents

a) License embassy legalization

b) Origin certificate

c) Inspection certificate

d) Phytosanitary certificate

Transport documents

a) Bill of Lading

b) Airway bill


www.ibpsguide.com


c) Lorry/truck receipt

d) Railway receipt

Insurance documents

a) Insurance policy/certificate

10). The bank’s obligation is defined by the terms of the LC alone and the sale contract is irrelevant

according to the Article 4a of UCP

11). Article 5 of the UCP states that banks deal with documents only and they will not be accountable

for the goods

12). The different types of LCs are as follows

Import/Export LC

a) For importer – Import LC

b) For exported – Export LC

Revocable LC

a) The buyer and the bank that established the LC will be able to manipulate or make

corrections in the LC

b) This type of LC is obsolete

Irrevocable LC

a) Any changes or cancellation of LC is done by the applicant through the issuing bank

b) It must be authorized and approved by the beneficiary

Confirmed LC - A second bank will guarantee to honor a complying presentation at the

request of the issuing bank

Unconfirmed LC - Does not acquire the other bank’s confirmation

Restricted LC - Only one advising bank can purchase a bill of exchange from the seller

Unrestricted LC – the confirmation bank is not specified that means the exporter can show

the bill of exchange to any bank and receive a payment

Transferrable LC

a) It can be transferred to a second party at the request of the 1st beneficiary

b) A transferrable LC can be transferred to more than one alternate beneficiary as long

as it allows partial shipments


www.ibpsguide.com


Un-transferrable LC

a) The seller cannot assign all or part of LC to another party

b) In international commerce all credits are un-transferrable

Deferred/Usance LC

a) A credit that is not paid immediately after the presentation but after an indicated

period that is accepted by both the seller and buyer

b) Seller allows buyer to pay the required money after taking the related goods and

selling them

At Sight LC – a credit that the announcer bank immediately pays after inspecting the

carriage documents from the seller

Back to Back LC

a) A pair of LCs in which one is to the benefit of a seller who is not able to provide the

corresponding goods for unspecified reasons

b) In that situation a second credit is opened for another seller to provide the desired

goods

c) It is issued to facilitate intermediary trade

Standby LC

a) Operates like a Commercial LC except that it is retained as a standby instead of

being the intended payment mechanism

Red Clause LC

a) The terms and conditions are particularly written in red ink

b) Before sending the products seller can take the pre-paid part of the money from

the bank

Money Market Instruments

The money market can be defined as a market for short-term money and financial assets that are near

substitutes for money.

The term short-term means generally a period up to one year and near substitutes to money is used to

denote any financial asset which can be quickly converted into money with minimum transaction cost.


www.ibpsguide.com


Some of the important money market instruments are briefly discussed below;

1. Call/ Notice Money

2. Treasury Bills

3. Term Money

4. Certificate of Deposit

5. Commercial Papers

1. Call/Notice- Money Market: 1. Call/Notice money is the money borrowed or lent on demand for a

very short period. When money is borrowed or lent for a day, it is known as Call (Overnight) Money.

Intervening holidays and/or Sunday are excluded for this purpose. Thus money, borrowed on a day and

repaid on the next working day, (irrespective of the number of intervening holidays) is “Call Money”.

Notice Money: When money is borrowed or lent for more than a day and up to 14 days, it is “Notice

Money”. No collateral security is required to cover these transactions.

2. Inter-Bank Term Money: Inter-bank market for deposits of maturity beyond 14 days is referred to as

the term money market. The entry restrictions are the same as those for Call/Notice Money except that,

as per existing regulations, the specified entities are not allowed to lend beyond 14 days.

3. Treasury Bills: Treasury Bills are short term (up to one year) borrowing instrument of the union

government. It is a promise by the Government to pay a stated sum after expiry of the stated period

from the date of issue (14/91/182/364 days i.e. less than one year). They are issued at a discount to the

face value, and on maturity the face value is paid to the holder. The rate of discount and the

corresponding issue price are determined at each auction.

4. Certificate of Deposits: Receipt issued by a depository institution (such as a bank, credit union, or a

finance or insurance company) to a depositor who opens a certificate account or time deposit account.

Issued in a negotiable or non-negotiable form, it states the (1) amount deposited, (2) rate of interest,

and (3) minimum period for which the deposit should be maintained without incurring early withdrawal

penalties.

5. Commercial Paper: An unsecured obligation issued by a corporation or bank to finance its short-term

credit needs, such as accounts receivable and inventory- Commercial paper is available in a wide

range of denominations, can be either discounted or interest- bearing, and usually have a limited have

or nonexistent secondary market.


www.ibpsguide.com


Banking Ombudsman Scheme

The Banking Ombudsman Scheme enables an expeditious and inexpensive forum to bank customers

for resolution of complaints relating to certain services rendered by bans. The Banking Ombudsman

Scheme is introduced under Section 35A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 by RBI with effect from

1995.

Who is a Banking Ombudsman?

The Banking Ombudsman is a senior official appointed by the Reserve Bank of India to redress

customer complaints against deficiency in certain banking services.

How many Banking Ombudsmen have been appointed and where are they located?

As on date, fifteen Banking Ombudsmen have been appointed with their offices located mostly in the

state capitals. The addresses and contact details of the Banking Ombudsman offices have been

provided in the annex.

Important Information about Nationalized Banks in India

Sno Important Points

1. Allahabad Bank is the oldest bank to start Joint Stock in India.

2. Central Bank of India is the first Indian bank to be fully owned by Indians.

3. Bank of India is the first bank to open its branch outside the India (at London, 1946).

4. Bank of Baroda has the largest number of branches in the abroad.

5. ICICI Bank is the largest Private Sector Bank in India to have Rs. One Trillion Market value. It is

the first Universal Bank in India.

6. Punjab National Bank is the First Indian Bank to have unlimited liability.

7. Union Bank of India was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1919.

8. Canara Bank has received ISO 9002 certificate to its one of the branch.

9. SBI is the largest commercial Bank in India, and Government holds 51% of Shares of the SBI.

10. Indian Postal Department has launched a Stamp in the name of the Central Bank of India

celebrating its 100 years in 2011.


www.ibpsguide.com


List of Banking Abbreviations

Sno Abbreviations Full Forms

1. NABARD National Bank for Agricultural & Rural Development

2. RTGS Real Time Gross Settlement

3. NEFT National Electronic Fund Transfer

4. NAV Net Asset Value

5. NPA Non Performing Asset

6. ASBA Account Supported by Blocked Amount

7. BIFR Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction

8. CAMELS Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Earnings, Liquidity, Systems &

Controls

9. BCSBI Banking Codes & Standard Board of India

10. BIS Bank for International Settlement

11. BCBS Basel Committee on Banking Supervision

12. BOP Balance of Payment

13. BOT Balance of Trade

14. BPLR Benchmark Prime Lending Rate

15. CCIL Clearing Corporation of India Ltd

16. CIBIL Credit Information Bureau of India Ltd

17. CRISIL Credit Rating Information Services of India Ltd

18. CBLO Collateralised Borrowing & Lending Obligation

19. CPI Consumer Price Index

20. ADR American Depository Receipts

21. GDR Global Depository Receipts

22. ALM Asset Liability Management

23. ARC Asset Reconstruction Companies

24. FINO Financial Inclusion Network Operation

25. CTT Commodities Transaction Tax

26. CRM Customer Relationship Management

27. KYC Know Your Customer


www.ibpsguide.com


28. SLR Statutory Liquidity Ratio

29. CRR Cash Reserve Ratio

30. MSF Marginal Standing Facility

31. REPO Repurchase Option

32. NBFC Non Banking Finance Companies

33. OSMOS Off-Site Monitoring & Surveillance

34. IFSC Indian Financial System Code

35. BSE Bombay Stock Exchange

36. NSE National Stock Exchange

37. SWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Tele communication

38. FSLRC Financial Sector Legislative Reforms Commission

39. LAF Liquidity Adjustment Facility

40. DRT Debt Recovery Tribunals

41. REER Real Effective Exchange Rate

42. PPP Public Private Partnership & Purchasing Power Parity

43. QFI Qualified Foreign Investors

44. AMFI Association of Mutual Fund in India

45. TIEA Tax Information Exchange Agreement

46. FTA Free Trade Agreement

47. GAAR General Anti Avoidance Rule

48. FEMA Foreign Exchange Management Act

49. FII Foreign Institutional Investors

50. FINO Financial Inclusion Network Operation

51. FRBMA Fiscal Responsibility and Budget

52. GIRO Government Internal Revenue Order

53. CRAR Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio

54. DICGC Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation

55. FIPB Foreign Investment Promotion Board

56. EFSF European Financial Stability Facility

57. DTAA Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement

58. TIN Tax Information Network

59. CAD Capital Account Deficit

60. AML Anti Money Laundering


www.ibpsguide.com


61. ALM Asset Liability Management

62. ASBA Application Supported by Blocked Amount

63. CBS Core Banking Solution

64. MSF Marginal Standing Facility

65. OLTAS Online Tax Accounting System

66. InvITs Infrastructure Investment Trusts

67. CDR Corporate Debt Restructuring


important banking awareness capsule for ibps po-v mains 2015-www.ibpsguide.com

Documents

types of loans

important types of banking

important banking terminology

small enterprises

housing loans

priority sector agriculture

important role

important information