importance of agriculture. hsemd, idals, cfsph animal disease emergency local response preparedness,...
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Importance of Agriculture
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Importance of Agriculture
• 2004: agriculture and related industries– 1 trillion dollars to GDP annually– Employs more than 15% or workforce
• $56.2 billion in total agricultural exports, 2003
• Heavily tied to other industries and sectors
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Value of Agricultural Products
U.S. Iowa
Animal Number Value Number Value
Cattle ~95 million
~$70.5 billion
~4 million
~$2.5 billion
Pigs ~61 million
~$4.5 billion
~17 million
~$4 billion
Poultry (layers)
338 million
~$1 billion
~55 million
$407 million (eggs)
Sheep 6 million ~$600 million
235,000 ~$33 million
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Iowa Agriculture, 2006
Farms 88,600
#1 Pork, eggs, corn, soybeans
#2
Red meat production $6.5 billion poundsNational exports $4 billion
#3Total cash receipts $14.8 billion
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Impact of Animal Disease
• Animal Health– Death, illness, loss of production
• Economics– Loss or disruption of trade – Loss of consumer confidence– Movement restrictions
• Human Health– Zoonoses– Mental health
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Impact: Animals
• Direct Losses– Death and illness of animals– Decrease or loss of production
• Indirect Losses– Diagnostics, surveillance– Movement restrictions
• Road closures, quarantine
• Losses with outbreak– Depopulation and disposal– Cleaning and disinfection– Indemnity
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Impact: Economics
• Loss or disruption of trade– U.S. exports $70.9 billion
in ag commodities (2006)– Food and fiber is ~ 16%
of the Gross Domestic Product• Impact on other
industries and sectors– 24 million Americans involved
with some aspect of agriculture – Restaurants, food suppliers,
grain producers
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Impact: Humans
• Human Health– Zoonotic Diseases
• Diseases of animals transmissible to humans• Human illness causing workforce disruptions
– Psycho-social concerns• Loss of livelihood, depopulation of animals
• Food supply and safety– Consumers alter buying habits– Food shortages unlikely
• Temporarily unavailabledue to movement restrictions
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Disease Outbreaks
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Vulnerabilities
• High density husbandry• Mixing at auction markets
or transport by vehicles– Over 5 million cattle each year
• Poor traceability of animals• No immunity to foreign
animal diseases• Centralized feed supply and
distribution
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Vulnerabilities• Diseases are widespread
in other countries • Expanded international
trade and travel• Border penetration:
people, wild birds, mammals
• Inadequate on-farm biosecurity
• Inadequate foreign animal disease awareness
Animal Disease Emergency Local Response Preparedness, 2008HSEMD, IDALS, CFSPH
Acknowledgments
Development of this presentationwas funded by a grant from the
Iowa Homeland Securityand Emergency Management and
the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship to the
Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University.
Contributing Authors: Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MPH, DACVPM; Danelle Bickett-Weddle, DVM, MPH, DACVPM; Gayle Brown, DVM, PhD