immune system discoveries

7/30/2019 Immune System Discoveries

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Immune System

Discoveries

By: Antonia Lizarralde


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Table of Contents

Ch 1. Your Bodie's Helpers

Ch 2. Amazing Parts That Help Your Immine System

Function!

Ch 3. Process of the Immune System.

Ch 4. How Do You Keep The Immune System Healthy?

Ch 5. Malfunctions That Can Affect The Immune System.

Ch 6. Did You Know?

Ch 7. Activity

Ch 8. Glossary and Bibliography


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Your Body Helpers

The immune system is made of anetwork of tissues, cells and organs

that work together to protect your

body. Immune means your body is

protected. In this case, the immune

system helps fight off sickness, virusesand diseases in your body.

You have lymph nodes (also called glands) in your body that contain immune

system cells, white blood cells and leukocytes. Lymph nodes are connected withothers, and they take white blood cells wherever needed.

Usually white blood cells are floating in your body but, when bacteria

enters, white blood cells start to work.

First b-cell divides into plasma cell and also into lymphocytes. They both have

different jobs that help the immune system function.

White blood cells killing bacteria


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Almost always your immune system can get rid of sickness on their

own. But, sometimes they need help from doctors. They need medicine.

Some ways you know your immune system is working is when: You

get better after you are sick, when the disease doesnt come up over andover again, also when you get swollen lymph nodes. You can tell you have

swollen lymph nodes when you have a swollen throat.

Immunesystem: the collection ofcells in the body that work

together to fight disease.

Lymph nodes: has white blood

cells in it and carries them

wherever needed. Also filtersblood and takes out bacteria

White blood cells: a body cell

that moves throw tissues and it is

a important part of body

defenses .


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Amazing Parts ofthe Immune System

Do you know some of the

basic parts of the immune

system? I will tell you many

parts that help your immunesystem function.

Some parts that are

really important are the

lymph nodes. Lymph nodes

have white blood cells in it.They carry them wherever

needed. Another job is lymph

nodes have to filter blood

and take out bacteria.

A way doctors know you

are sick is when they touch your

lymph nodes and they are

swollen, this means your lymphnodes are working and taking

out sickness.

You can find lymph nodes

in your throat, armpits and

behind our knees.


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Some other really important

cells are white blood cells.They are

in your blood and as I just told you

they are also in your lymph nodes.There are different kinds of white

blood cells in your body with

different jobs.

There are two basic types of

immune system cells (White bloodcells.) They are phagocytes and

lymphocytes. Phagocytes eliminate

previous invaders. Lymphocytes

remember previous invaders. There

are also b-cells, t-cells and p-cells. Iwill tell you lots about them in the

next chapter.

White blood cells

phagocytes : cells thateliminate previous invaders.

lymphocytes : Cells that

remember previous invaders.


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Process of the Immune System

Your immune system is always working, it works even more when youhave bacteria inside your body. In this chapter you will learn the process

that happens when your body is fighting off germs.

Bacteria

in yourbody


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First, B-cells are the ones that

find the bacteria that it can kill. It

waits until T-cells arrive, so that

T-cells activate B-cells.

B cell divides in two

phagocytes and

lymphocytes.

Phagocytes produce chemicals

called antibodies that attack

and kill the invader.

Last but not least, are lymphocytes. They remember

previous invaders, so it is much easier to kill the

next time it comes. When the same germs are

spotted again lymphocytes sends the antibodies to

kill it.


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You can find these cells in your spleen and in your bonemarrow.

Your spleen is an organ in

your belly, that filters blood

and fights infections. Yourbone marrow is a part in

your bone that has a thick,

spongy jelly.

Now you know the process of the immune system.

B- cell: : a white blood

cell that circulates throughthe body searching for

bacteria that it can kill.

T- cell: : A white blood

cell that helps activates B-

cell.Antibodies: molecule that

attacks and kills bacteria

produced by plasma cells.

Spleen:organ in belly that

filters blood and fights

infections.

Bonemarrow:it is a thick

spongy jelly inside bones.


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How Do You Keep YourImmune System Healthy?

Do you want know some ways you can keep your immune system healthy? There

are four ways that can help keep your immune system healthy.

The first one is, doing a lot of exercise. If you stay all day sitting down in a

chair is really bad for your immune system. You should do at least 30 minutes ofexercise every day. If you dont exercise, it makes it a lot easier for you to get

colds, viruses and infections.


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The second suggestion I can give you, is try not to be overweight.

Being overweight can cause diabetes and heart diseases. Fat cells can also

affect the immune system.

Also, eating a lot of food, with lots of sugar is really bad. If you eat

a lot of sugar, it makes it really hard for the immune system to

destroy bacteria.

These are fat cells

Eating lots of sugar

is bad for you and

your body.


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Constant stress is also really bad for your body. Stress can cause many

sorts of damage in the immune system. It can cause illness, colds,

diseases and discomforts.

There are some tips you learned about keeping your immune system healthy.

Stress is really bad

for your body.


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Malfunctions That Can Affect TheImmune System

I will tell you two malfunctions that can affect the immune system.

One way is diabetes and another is illegal drugs.


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Diabetes

A example that can cause diabetes is

when germs are spotted really fast bydefending cells. Sometimes cells kill

friendly bacteria that do good things for

your body, like acids that helps you break

down food in your digestive system.

Another way your body can cause

diabetes is eating lots of sugar. You can

get really fat and that can lead you to

diabetes. Also fat cells as I already told

you are really bad for the immunesystem. It can make it really hard for it to

function properly.

This can cause diabetes!!!

Friendly bacteria

Diabetes : a

condition in which

your body does not

properly control the

body use and

storage of sugar.


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Illegal drugs

The second malfunction are drugs. Drugs are not bacteria. They are

chemicals and white blood cells cannot kill drugs. Drugs can damage many parts

and cells in your body.

Drugs can kill you!!!


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Did you know..........?

Did you know that saliva and

tears have special enzymes

(chemicals) in them. They

break down many bacteriaand viruses

Also mucus in your

nose, throat and

lungs trap bacteria.

Did you know that your body

has friendly bacteria? They

help break down food in the

digestive system. Your bodyrecognizes if it is good or bad

bacteria.


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Conclusion

So now you really know some of the basic and fun facts of the

immune system. This system is really important, did you know that if

you didn't have a immune system you would probably get sick every

day? This makes me think if maybe the immune system takes out

sickness before you even knew you had it?


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Activity

Bacteria

SugarExercise

Friendly bacteria

Bone marrow

and spleen

Match the picture with the matching word.

Fat cells


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GlossaryAntibodies: molecule that attacks and kills bacteria produced by plasma cells.

Bone Marrow: it is a thick spongy jelly inside bones.B-cell: : a white blood cell that circulates through the body searching for bacteria

that it can kill.

Diabetes : a condition in which your body does not properly control the body use

and storage of sugar.

Immunesystem : the collection of cells in the body that work together to fight

disease.Lymph nodes : has white blood cells in it and carries them wherever needed. Also

filters blood and takes out bacteria.

Lymphocytes : Cells that remember previous invaders.

Phagocytes : cells that eliminate previous invaders.

Plasma cells : a cell that produces antibodies.Spleen: organ in belly that filters blood and fights infections.

T-cell: A white blood cell that helps activates B-cell.

White blood cells: a body cell that moves throw tissues and it is a important part of

body defenses


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Bibliography

www.kidshealth.org

www.webmd.com

Body Battles
http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2F&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNG1JdGt05qwKp5wz5i55PvOjB-2NAhttp://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kidshealth.org%2F&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNHjpQHeD34xeCh-w8_KW2vkuyTXjg


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