Immigration and Immigration and UrbanizationUrbanization

ChrestensenChrestensen

U.S. HistoryU.S. History

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ImmigrationImmigration The Chinese to CaliforniaThe Chinese to California The “Golden Door”The “Golden Door” RR, then farming, mining, and RR, then farming, mining, and

domestic serv.domestic serv.

Below: Angel Island, Today and then.

ImmigrationImmigration A response to growth A response to growth

of immigration: of immigration: NativismNativism

Def: Overt favoritism Def: Overt favoritism toward native-born toward native-born AmericansAmericans

AmericanizationAmericanization movementmovement

Leads to Leads to Chinese Chinese Exclusion ActExclusion Act 1882 1882

Anti-Chinese Anti-Chinese propaganda:propaganda:

ImmigrationImmigration The immigration of Europeans was The immigration of Europeans was

also differentalso different Italians, Poles, Serbs, Russians, Italians, Poles, Serbs, Russians,

Austr-Hung.Austr-Hung. Jews and CatholicsJews and Catholics Mostly to the eastMostly to the east

Urbanization issuesUrbanization issues Most immigrants settled in Most immigrants settled in “ghettos”“ghettos”

based on their ethnicity or race based on their ethnicity or race (black)(black)

Poor crowd together in Poor crowd together in tenementtenement housinghousing

Rich live in “uptown” apartments or Rich live in “uptown” apartments or houseshouses

Stay out of“The Bowery”!

Oh! the night that I struck New York,I went out for a quiet Oh! the night that I struck New York,I went out for a quiet walk;Folks who are "on to" the city say,Better by far that I walk;Folks who are "on to" the city say,Better by far that I took Broadway;But I was out to enjoy the sights,There was took Broadway;But I was out to enjoy the sights,There was the Bow'ry ablaze with lights;I had one of the devil's own the Bow'ry ablaze with lights;I had one of the devil's own

nights!I'll never go there anymore.The Bow'ry, the Bow'rynights!I'll never go there anymore.The Bow'ry, the Bow'ry!!They say such things,And they do strange thingsThey say such things,And they do strange thingsOn the On the Bow'ry! The Bow'ry!I'll never go there anymore!Bow'ry! The Bow'ry!I'll never go there anymore!

I struck a place that they called a I struck a place that they called a "dive,"I was in luck to get out "dive,"I was in luck to get out alive;When the policeman heard alive;When the policeman heard of my woes,Saw my black eye of my woes,Saw my black eye and my batter'd nose,"You've and my batter'd nose,"You've been held up!" said the copper been held up!" said the copper fly."No, sir! But I've been knock'd fly."No, sir! But I've been knock'd down," said I;Then he laugh'd, down," said I;Then he laugh'd, tho' I could not see why!I'll never tho' I could not see why!I'll never go there anymore!go there anymore!

Urbanization issuesUrbanization issues HousingHousing Repairing Repairing

transport.transport. Clean waterClean water Crime Crime FireFire corruptioncorruption

Boss Tweed

Bill the “Butcher” of the 5 Points

NYC

STREETSWERE

UNPAVEDAND FILLED

WITH TRASH. SCHOOLSWERE IN

BAD REPAIR

POLICE ANDCIVIL SERVANTS

WERECORRUPT ANDTOOK BRIBESAND PAYOFFS

CITY SERVICESSUCH AS WATER,

AND GAS WERE SOLD

TO THE POLITICIAN’S FRIENDS who

CHARGED HIGH PRICES

MAYORSAND CITY

COUNCILSWERE FOR

SALE

MUNICIPAL CORRUPTION

BIG CITY BOSSESBIG CITY BOSSES

POSITIVESPOSITIVES NEGATIVESNEGATIVES

HELPED POOR IMMIGRANTS

WITH FOOD AND JOBS

HELPED POOR IMMIGRANTS

WITH FOOD AND JOBS

THEY PERFORMED NEEDED

FUNCTIONS THAT REGULAR CITY

OFFICIALS COULD NOT

THEY PERFORMED NEEDED

FUNCTIONS THAT REGULAR CITY

OFFICIALS COULD NOT

THEY WERE CORRUPT AND

STOLE THE PEOPLE’S MONEY

THEY WERE CORRUPT AND

STOLE THE PEOPLE’S MONEY

BOSSES PROTECTED VICE

AND ENCOURAGEDMONOPOLIES

BOSSES PROTECTED VICE

AND ENCOURAGEDMONOPOLIES

Go to “Gangs of NY”

Municipal ReformMunicipal Reform

Boodle is

money accepted as a bribe.

Municipal ReformMunicipal Reform

Why were cities so Why were cities so corrupt?corrupt?

Cities grew so fast Cities grew so fast that local that local governments could governments could not handle it.not handle it.

Businessmen were Businessmen were closely linked with closely linked with bossesbosses making making corruption hard to corruption hard to fight.fight.

Honest Graft & Honest Graft & Dishonest GraftDishonest Graft

• How did people justify running government like this?