illumination for industrial painting projects
TRANSCRIPT
Illumination for Industrial Painting Projects
Presented by: William Hansel, Caltrans
Learning Outcomes• At the end of this webinar you will be
able to:– Define illumination– Define industry standards that pertain to
illumination– Recognize illumination requirements for
different coating applications
Introduction• This webinar provides information on
the quantity and quality of lighting on industrial painting projects that is conducive to:– Achieving quality surface preparation
and coating application– Productivity– Inspection/quality control– Accident prevention
Illumination• Achieving acceptable levels of
illumination by natural or artificial means in the industrial painting industry is complicated due to the complexity of structures, vision inhibiting dust and potentially hazardous concentrations of explosive dust or solvent vapors
Illumination• Adequate illumination improves
productivity and motivation• Poor illumination increases the risk
of accidents and costs of operation
Illumination Industry Standards
• Lighting standards have been established for most industrial applications– American National Standards Institute
(ANSI)• RP7- Practice for Industrial Lighting• Z117.1- Safety Requirements for Confined
Spaces
– SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings
• Technology Guide No. 12, Guide for Illumination of Industrial Painting Projects
SSPC Technology Guide 12• Provides recommended levels of
illumination needed to provide objective and subjective examination of lighting conditions in a variety of work spaces such as:– Tanks– Containments– Blast and Paint Rooms– Shop Floors
Lighting Under a Bridge
Example of Lights to Improve Work Visibility
Quantity of Existing (Natural) Light• Some natural light will be present in
most work areas during daylight hours
• Amount of natural light will depend on factors such as:– Time of year– Time of day– Orientation of work area– Prevailing weather conditions
Determining Amount of Existing Light• Measurements should be made with
a light meter held at or placed on the surface
Determining Amount of Existing Light• With the sensor aligned
perpendicular to the surface, make a minimum of 5 measurements which are representative of the work area
• Record each and calculate the average of the measurements
Effect of Airborne Dust• Airborne dust will
reduce visibility• Provisions may
be required for its removal prior to the start of work in order for adequate illumination to be achieved
Classification of Locations• Once the evaluation of the work
area is complete the work locations should be classified as one of the following:– Hazardous locations– Non-hazardous locations– Wet locations
Hazardous Locations• Potential for
explosion and/or fire exists
• Locations where quantities of flammable gasses or vapors, explosives, combustible dusts, fibers or flyings are present or likely to become present
Hazardous Locations
Hazardous Locations• Lighting fixtures use in hazardous
locations must be explosion proof and Underwriters Laboratory or Factory Mutual approved for use in the appropriate Class and Division atmosphere
Hazardous Classes• Hazardous locations are classified
as:– Class I– Class II– Class III
Class l• Locations in which flammable gases
or vapors are or may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures
Class ll• Locations in which are hazardous
because of the presence of combustible dust
Class I and Class II• Explosion proof lighting will be used whenever
painting with a paint containing combustible solvents or performing any operation which introduces combustible compounds into a confined space
• All explosion proof lighting fixtures used must be designed to comply with the requirements of NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workspaces
• All related connectors must be rated in the same manner or be located outside the hazardous location/work space
Class III• Locations in which are hazardous
because of the presence of easily ignitable fibers or flyings (e.g., dust) but in which such fibers or flyings are not likely to be in suspension in the air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitable mixtures
Non-Hazardous Locations• Where the potential for explosion
and/or fire does not exist• Lighting fixtures used in non-
hazardous locations must be designed to UL Standard 298, Standard for Portable Electric Hand Lamps
Wet Locations• Where installations are underground
or in concrete slabs or masonry in direct contact with the earth, and locations subject to saturation with water or other liquids– Lighting fixtures must be designed to
UL 1598, Standard for Luminaries
Illumination Requirements
Minimum Recommended
General Work Area 10 20
Task Specific- Surface Preparation and Coating
Application
20 50
Task Specific-Inspection 50 200
Work Area Illumination Requirements in Foot Candles
Illumination Requirements
Between Task and Adjacent Darker Surroundings
5 to 1
Between Task and Adjacent Lighter Surroundings
1 to 5
Maximum Luminance Ratios
Illumination Requirements• All lighting equipment must be
durable and designed for intended work environment
• Portable lamps and fixtures should be encased in a nonconductive, shatterproof material
Illumination Requirements• Lamps and fixtures should also be
equipped with substantial guards• Use only heavily insulated cable
– Abrasive resistant casing, at least gage 14/2 SO AWG or heavier
– Designed for hard or extra-hard usage per NFPA 70
Illumination Requirements• Use of white light is recommended• Does not visually distort the surface
being worked on or inspected
Illumination Requirements• All lighting fixtures having an
electrical supply service greater than 12 volts must be:– Properly grounded– Have ground fault circuit interrupter
(GFCI) protection or;– Have an integrated circuit breaker
wired into the specific electrical line supplying the power to the light fixture
Example of a GFCI
Proper Use and Maintenance of Lighting Equipment• All lighting systems should be
removed from the direct spray of:– Paint– Abrasives– Other materials
• Paint overspray with accumulations on fixtures reduces the amount of light emitted
Proper Use and Maintenance of Lighting Equipment• Do not tape over the lens to cover
areas designed for heat dispersement
• Do not drop or drag lighting fixtures• Periodically inspect GFCIs, plugs,
integrated circuit breakers, power cords and power cord connections
Proper Use and Maintenance of Lighting Equipment• Do not modify or otherwise alter
connectors. Use an outlet that is compatible with the connector
• Immediately replace or repair any device or cable that appears to not be working or broken
Summary
• Achieving acceptable levels of illumination by natural or artificial means in the industrial painting industry is necessary to avoid the increase risk of accidents and to improve overall on the job productivity