ii

iii

iv

v

vi

1

2

3

i. Cities and Disaster Management

4

5

6

7

ii. Understanding the Disaster Cycle

13

14

15

8

iii. Disaster Risk Reduction

9

10

iv. Evolution of DRR concepts and frameworks

a. DRR as a global concern

11

12

13

14

15

i. Hyogo Framework for Action – 2005 to 2015

16

17

18

ii. Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction – 2015 to 2030

19

20

21

22

iii. Applying International Frameworks at the City Level

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

i. Background

39

40

ii. Governance

41

42

43

iii. History of Disasters

44

45

iv. Evidence of Disaster Risk Reduction Mainstreaming in Urban Plans

46

1.

47

2.

3.

48

4.

5.

49

59

50

51

52

53

60

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61